Comparison of larval and adult Drosophila Drosophila segmentation genes Gap: Kruppel (Kr),knirps (kni), hunchback (hb), giant (gt),tailless tll), Pair rule: even skipped (eve),hairy (h), runt (run), fushi tarazu (ftz) Segment polarity: engrailed (en),wingless (wg),cubitus interuptus (ci),hedgehog (hh),armadillo (arm), patched (ptc) Homeotic genes: Antennapedia (Antp), Deformed (Dfd), Ultrabithorax (Ubx) Even skipped (Eve) a pair rule gene Hox gene clusters in Drosophila and Mouse Programs and regulatory elements in DNA and RNA (continued) Gilbert, Ch. 2 Differential gene expression in Development Also FYI, Ch 6 genetics of axis specification in Drosophila p , (in 9 th edition p , ) Notable scientists: E. Wieschaus C. Nusslein-Volhard RNA regulatory sequences involved in the control of gene expression during development Localization Translational control /stability by 5and 3UTRs Alternative splicing Translational regulation in the Drosophila embryo: Generation of gradients bcd homeodomain TF Nanos RNA bp hb Zn finger TF ( GAP) The development of animal model systems. Nematode C.elegans Side view of adult hermaphrodite Abbreviated cell lineage chart Actin protein glp-1 mRNA Red arrow is 3UTR Glp-1 protein (ABa and Abp) lacZ with its own 3 UTR lacZ mRNA lacZ with Glp-1 3UTR lacZ mRNA Mut 3UTR lacZ mRNA Role of Glp-1 3UTR in C. Elegans development Figure 2.32 Hypothetical model of the regulation of lin-14 mRNA translation by lin-4 RNAs Figure 2.33 Model for the formation and use of microRNAs Overview of RNA processing in eukaryotes using -globin genes Alternative Splicing E1E3E2I1I2 E1 E2E3 E2E1 E3 E1 gene RNA 1 mRNA 1 mRNA 2 RNA 2 Tissue specific Fibronectin gene alternative splicing Alternative splicing of the doublesex gene in Drosophila development RNA regulatory sequences involved in the control of gene expression during development Localization : bicoid and nanos in A-P polarity in Drosophila Translational control /stability by UTRs : Glp1 3UTR in C. Elegans lin-4 miR in C. Elegans Alternative splicing: Fibronectin gene in mammals Doublesex gene in Drosophila