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Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Company, Products and SolutionsOverview
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Adaptive Wireless Solutions• Specialists in monitoring and control solutions using wireless mesh sensor
networks for over 8 years• Offer systems integration and equipment supply for numerous wireless and
wired technologies driven by customer requirements• Distributor for ECOMM, Spinwave Systems and Wireless Sensors in UK
and Europe • Reseller for Netbiter in UK• Can help you integrate and manage your data gathering and monitoring
activities – Complete solution design, supply and support– Wireless technology consulting and advice– Programme and project management– Technical and wireless architecture design – Equipment and software supply from multiple vendors– Integration with other systems– Installation and commissioning– Maintenance and Support
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Customers and Projects
• We have had enquiries and projects in BMS extension, energy management, and related monitoring and control applications in a wide cross-section of industries from commercial offices, universities and colleges, hotels and apartment complexes to warehousing, recycling plants, food companies and national utilities.
• Customers in UK, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium, Hungary, Israel, Saudi Arabia
BOMBARDIER
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Business Advantages of Mesh Radio
Economic and operational advantages vs. wired sensors• Up to 90% lower installed costs
– Lower cost of required equipment and supplies– Much quicker installation = less on-site time and less disruption
• Monitor and control in:– harsh environments (lots of metal and interference)– “wire unfriendly” situations where wires are difficult or undesirable
• Low cost and speedy retrofit to existing buildings, equipment and processes• Monitors mobile or rotating equipment• Easy optimisation of sensor position in process for a better result• Cost-effective diagnostics in uncertain or temporary situations • Multiple sensor types with standard wireless nodes on a single network• Remote, ‘PC-less’, monitoring from anywhere on the internet
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Wireless Network Types
Direct Connection– Wire replacement– Point to point, highly specific– Engineered to suit application
Star– One central routing and control point– Single-hop - point to multi-point– All data flows through central point
Mesh– Multiple data paths– Multi-hop– Can operate as star or hybrid star/mesh– Self configuring, self healing– Highly flexible, highly reliable
Gateway
Mesh node
Sensing
node
Older, less flexible, less reliable technologies
Newer, more flexible, more reliable technology
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Operational Advantages of Mesh
• Multiple Pathways– Stronger connectivity – Self-Healing, Self-Managing
• Transmit Around Equipment– More robust– More flexible
• Extend Network Range– More robust– More capable
Primary
Secondary
Out of Range
Primary
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Core Mesh Wireless Product RangesSystem Monitor/
InputsControl/ Outputs
Key Strengths
ECOMM Yes Yes Large scale networks, multi-channel I/O, direct equipment/meter integration
Spinwave Yes No Pulse replication, long range, multiple BMS protocols
Wireless Sensors
Yes No External TRH sensors, RTD’s, device packaging
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
ECOMM direct integration with Modbus meters
• The following electricity meter types are supported by direct integration via Modbus RS485 connection to the ECOMM WC21 radio unit– Schneider E 5600– Schneider ION 8600– Schneider PM 710/750– Schneider PM 9C– Schneider ION 6200– Carlo Gavazzi EM24– Veris H 8036– EIG Shark 100
• Other meter types can be added as needed
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Solution Architecture – Netbiter remote monitoring
Typical Sensors and I/O devicesBattery and/or line poweredTemperature sensorTemperature and humidityOccupancy, door contactLightPulse countingDry contact inputsUp to 32 inputs per radio: contact, NTC, 0-5V, 0-20mARelay and analogue outputsMulti-stage thermostat controllerModbus RTU bridge
Wireless mesh Gateway
Netbiter is Modbus TCP proxy
Wireless range to cover large sites, highly reliable digital mesh radio, not affected by interference. Scales from 1 to 100’s of points. Netbiter transfers data off-site to Netbiter Argos remote monitoring portal. Web API available to integrate data to other applications
Remote off-site monitoring using Netbiter Argos
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Although we specialise in mesh radio we also use GSM/GPRS and Narrowband radio systems when needed to meet customer requirements
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Energy Management Solution Overview (1)
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Energy Management Solution Overview (2)
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Example ProjectsIntegration type Sector DescriptionBACNet-IP/ BMS Building
management
Wireless temperature monitoring in large office building. Data integration to existing BMS using BACNet-IP.
BMS Energy Water meter pulse count transfer 600m line of sight. Pulse replication output
BMS Energy Wireless electricity submetering from existing pulse output meters into BMS via BACNet-IP. 150 metres across roadway with one unit 50 metres further away.
Modbus TCP/ PLC and Citect
Data Centre Data centre wireless temperature and humidity monitoring application. 56 battery-powered sensors. Data fed into Citect monitoring and control system used to control set-point for 22 CRAC units. Data also used for SLA KPI reporting
Modbus TCP/ BMS Energy Wireless temperature monitoring and window damper, heating valve and air recirculation damper controls. Historic university building. Demonstration project for Irish government.
BMS Energy Wireless boundary gas meters pulse transfer to BMS outstations on hospital site
Modbus TCP / OnCall Energy Temperature, Humidity, differential pressure, utility consumption, water pressure monitoring in energy experimental facility for domestic house energy efficiency analysis.
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Application example – Westfield Shopping Mall BMS integration for temperature control
55,000 Sq Metres on two floors with Atrium
49 Air handling units on
roof
1 Wireless network
18 Mesh repeaters
30 Sensing nodes
Ambient Temperature input to HVAC zone controls via Modbus
TCP
Installed in 2 days to resolve critical
operating requirement
£6,100 equipment cost
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Application example – Large Data Centre Monitoring Solution
Primary Server
Secondary Server
Remote Disaster Recovery Centre
Remote Business
Continuity Centre
Basement
Floor 1
Floor 2
Floor 3
Console
Control Room Viewers
OtherViewers
Secondary Console
CommonEthernet Network
Main Mission Critical Data Centre
7,500 Sq Metres
4 Floors
Phase 1 - 20086 Wireless Sub-
networks22 Mesh repeaters178 Sensing nodes
Ambient TRH
Phase 2 - 2009100 additional TRH
sensors on two floors
4 more wireless sub-networks
Phase 3 - 2010 Being planned now
Electrical PowerChilled water
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
BMS Integration
• We have supplied systems to clients providing integration to existing BMS’ and software systems via:– Modbus TCP and RTU– BACnet IP– Direct analogue and digital connection– ODBC, OPC and SQL connection
• BMS’ that have been integrated with our systems include:– Trend– Siemens– Schneider– Andover Controls/TAC– Honeywell– Priva
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Network Performance and Reliability
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Industrial Wireless Sensor NetworksIndustrial WSN OEM Adoption Inhibitors
92%
67%
58%
53%
43%
20%
10%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Reliability
Standards
Ease of Use
Battery
Dev Cycles
Education
Node Size
Source: ON World, Inc.
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Building Automation Wireless Sensor NetworksCommercial Building WSN Adoption Inhibitors
70%
63%
55%
53%
52%
44%
23%
4%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Reliability
Standards
Battery
Education
Dev Cycles
Ease of Use
Node Size
Guest Room
Source: ON World, Inc.
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Wireless Sensor Network ReliabilityRF Interference
• Common interference sources:– Multipath interference
• Occurs when the RF signal interferes with itself• Reflections off surfaces of all types• Can interfere with original signal and even cancel it out
– Interference with other transmitters• ISM band 2.4 Ghz wireless is increasingly common• Signals can be affected by other sources• Data slows down (more retries) or even stops• A good way to avoid it is to ‘frequency-hop’
• Examples of other transmitters in the 2.4 GHz band can be WiFi nodes, microwaves, cordless phones, Bluetooth devices, RFID, and other wireless sensor networks.
• How can it be avoided?
T R
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Wireless Sensor Network ReliabilityInterference Avoidance
• Typical methods:– Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) modulation
• Part of the IEEE802.15.4 radio standard• Spreads the signal over a wider bandwidth• Reduces the chance of blocking the whole signal
– Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) modulation• NOT part of the IEEE802.15.4 radio standard• Uses a range of base frequencies• Transmitter and receiver periodically hop to a new frequency• Acts more like a narrowband radio for very short intervals• Very unlikely that all channels in the band are interfered
– Dynamic channel hopping• Not a modulation technique• Enhances simple FHSS modulation by dynamically detecting
persistently busy channels and avoiding them• The best mesh radio systems use all three techniques
TIME
FRE
QU
EN
CY
frequency
Sig
nal s
treng
th
2.40GHz 2.48GHz
NOISE FLOOR
INTERFERENCE
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Wireless Sensor Network ProtocolsHow do they affect performance?
• Two main options:– Carrier Sense Multiple Access
• Collision-based protocol• Uses collision-avoidance (CA) or collision detection (CD)• Most WSN protocols use CA to avoid network overhead• Network communication is not time-synchronised• Pseudo-random ‘Back-off and re-try’ mechanisms are used• Collisions within the network escalate as networks get larger• ZigBee is based on this CSMA-CA approach
– Time Synchronised Protocols• These minimise or avoid collisions and transmission re-tries• Time synchronisation allows the use of channel-hopping• TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) is an example• Also called ‘slotted’ protocols because each device has a ‘time slot’
• The benefits of synchronised traffic and channel-hopping are:– Better performance (fewer collisions/retries)– Increased battery life (fewer retries)– Better interference avoidance (channel-hopping)
• The most sophisticated systems use adaptive dynamic channel-hopping
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Protocol Standards
• Two main standards initiatives• The ZigBee Alliance promulgated a standard in Dec 2004 which has
encountered limitations in performance some important use cases, notably industrial, regarding useful range and scalability.– Many large companies involved with the Alliance– Adoption by OEM’s in suitable markets– ZigBee Pro modules now becoming available. Improved performance
but many variants.– Still not in wide use
IEE 802.15.4
PHY Layer
MAC LayerMAC Layer
Data Link Layer
Network Layer
Proprietary Application
Application Interface
Application• 802.15.4-based market offerings are
differentiated by proprietary protocol stacks with different design goals
• Network layers of the protocol are not standardised
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
• ISA SP100 Standards Committee is focused on industrial process wireless automation.
• April 2006 - ISA SP100 committee formed two working groups to further the development of protocol standards for industrial use
• July 2006 - Issued a call for proposals to encourage wide participation– SP100.11 Wireless for Industrial Process Measurement and Control– SP100.14 Wireless Network Optimized for Industrial Monitoring
• In due course merged these groups into 11a working group focused on:– Wireless HART– SP100 11a industrial standard(s)
• Wireless HART standard is released now. Many large companies (Emerson, Honeywell, ABB, etc) marketing Wireless HART adapters for existing field instruments.
• SP100 11a still working on draft standard but focused on use in process industries
Protocol Standards
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Protocol Standards Future?
• One protocol certainly does not fit all requirements as there are many trade-offs in design
• Probably room for several variants on a base standard• It is important that hardware remains 802.15.4 compliant• Vendors need to offer choice and preferably an upgrade path• New standards are taking advantage of developments in electronic
devices and radio chipsets to offer features and performance not previously possible.
• The ZigBee ‘standard’ does not currently guarantee interoperability between equipment from different vendors and is known to have performance limitations in real-world industrial and commercial applications
• ‘Standards’ do not mean that proprietary protocols will become obsolete or unnecessary.
Copyright© 2013 Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd
Contact Details
Adaptive Wireless Solutions Ltd91 High StreetPrestwoodGreat MissendenHP16 9ERTel:+44 (0) 1494 865992 www.adaptive-wireless.co.uk
Nick Baker Walter Woods Director Business ManagerMobile: 07968 352875 07581 689817 [email protected] [email protected]: adaptivewireless