COMPANION ANINAL WELFARE
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COMPANION ANINAL WELFARECOMPANION ANINAL WELFARE
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Approx.Approx.150-160 million pets 150-160 million pets in the U.S.in the U.S.
Approx. 65% of Approx. 65% of households have a pethouseholds have a pet
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65 million owned dogs[39 % of households]
78 million owned cats[34 % of households][Feral? 20-50 million?]
12 million owned birds[7 million households]
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Americans spentover $9 billion on dog food 2003
$36 billion onpet products in 2004
$3.8 billion onjust cat food in 1995
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Pet trade results in the death of from2.1 million (Patronek) to up to 9.1 milliondogs every year (Amer Humane Assoc.)
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and 5.7 to 9.5 million cats (AHA)
Note this is in shelters,and does not include strays,feral cats, those killedprivately.
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Patronek and Glickman
~ Shelters in Iowa and Washington took in7.6% of dog population each year
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Patronek and Glickman
~ Shelters in Iowa and Washington7.6% of dog population each year
~ Approx. half euthanized, or 4% of thetotal population
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Patronek and Glickman
~ Shelters in Iowa and Washington7.6% of dog population each year
~ Approx. half euthanized, or 4% of the pop.
~ Generalizing to entire country, estimate =2.1 million dogs euthanized each year.
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Dane County Humane Society 2004*
Incoming Reclaimed Adopted Euth
Dogs 1,840 688 716 382Cats 3,604 209 2,207 1,052Other 1,613 12 675 362
Canine numbers are almost exact replicate of 1996Feline numbers higher in 2004 (31 % increase) than ‘96
* numbers don’t all total correctly
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In large cities (Los Angles for ex), notuncommon for 150/day to be killed.
(Compare these numbers with 100,000 dogs used in research every year.)
HISTORICAL TREND: (ASPCA)1895 96% dogs killed
95 % cats killed
1994 74 % dogs killed78% cats killed
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No-Kill Shelters
~ No information how many~ No information how many dogs
~ Quality of life variable
~ Disagreement in the field about theirpracticality and ethics
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Where are these animals from?Arkov 1983
Most common age of surrender =adolescence
Inverse correlation between priceand surrender.
Most commonly first obtainedfrom friend or shelter
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REASONS FOR SURRENDER(Salman et al 2000; pers comm)
DOGSBehavioral problems “Moving”Too much time or money
CATSLitter box problemsAllergiesBehavioral problemsMoving/Other cat
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How prevent abandonment of pets?
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I. AVOID IMPULSE BUYING(and responding to supernormalsign stimuli)
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II. OBTAIN FROM:1. Responsible breeder2. Breed Rescue Group3. Shelter
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RESPONSIBLE BREEDEER DEFINED:
~ Selection criteria =
health, disposition > looks, status
~ Raises pups and maintains adults inenriched, humane environment
~ Takes full responsibility for pups for their lifetime (will take back at anyage for any reason)
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PUPPY MILLS
~ Numbers unknown, thousands exist~ Covered by AWA, but little enforcement;
conditions often inhumane~ Worst states = Arkansas, Iowa, Kansas
Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania~ Most “AKC registered”~ Sold in pet stores, through ‘brokers’
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III. AVOID ‘DEALERS’ & PET STORES
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IV. DON’T BREED FOR FUN
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V. CHOOSE FOR HEALTH & BEHAVIOR, NOT LOOKS
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Buy breeds appropriate to your lifestyle
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Tulip
Luke
Pip
Great PyreneesBarks at night“Dis-a-pyr”
Border Collie Needs job Hours of exercise Reactive
Border Collie Smart
(really smart)
Lassie
Border Collie Obsessive
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VI. BREED FOR HEALTH
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Breeding forNovelty
Scottish FoldScottish Fold
Sphynx
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Neopolitan Mastiff [WHaM]
Breeding for Size
South African Boerboel 120 - 170 lbs
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Breeding for Extreme Physical Characteristics
German Shepherd Dog
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Bassett Corgi cross
AchondroplasiaImproper development of cartilage at the ends of the long bones - a form of dwarfism
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Pekinese
BrachycephaliaMutation that leads to shortened muzzle and broad head
Neopolitan Mastiff
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VII. BREED (and select) FOR GOOD DISPOSITIONS
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DEFINITION OF BREED:~ Changes over time, in differentlocations.
CURRENT IN US: Genetic basis - isolated populationrepresenting subset of possible geneticvariability in the species.
HISTORICALLY, AND ELSEWHEREPhenotypic basis OR location-based