Como Educar Las Emociones La Inteligencia Emocional en La Infancia y La Adolescencia

El Observatorio FAROS Sant Joan de Du (www.faroshsjd.net) es la

plataforma de promocin de la salud y el bienestar infantil del Hos-

pital Sant Joan de Du (HSJD) de Barcelona.

Nos dirigimos principalmente a madres y padres que tienen inters

en recibir informacin de calidad respecto la salud y bienestar de sus

hijos. Asimismo, FAROS se dirige tambin a otros cuidadores y profesio-

nales, especialmente en el campo de la salud y la educacin.

Nuestra misin es proporcionar informacin y ofrecer todo nuestro co-

nocimiento para fomentar valores y hbitos saludables. Contamos

siempre con la colaboracin y revisin de los profesionales del hospital y,

por lo tanto, garantizamos la mxima calidad de los contenidos que

publicamos.

Tambin nos encontrars en las redes sociales:

http://www.facebook.com/ObservatorioFAROS

@HSJD_FAROS

Edicin: Faros Sant Joan de Du

En FAROS encontrars ms de 1.000 consejos de salud clasificados en cinco grupos distintos de edad y te-mticas variadas, desde la alimentacin hasta informacin sobre enfermedades o sobre el comportamiento y elaprendizaje.

Adems, FAROS pone a tu alcance una seccin con interesantes recursos que te servirn para transmitir hbi-tos saludables a tus hijos de forma amena y divertida.

Todos los documentos producido por el Observatorio FAROS estn disponibles y de libre acceso enwww.faroshsjd.net.

Direccin:Jaume Prez-Payarols

Adjunto tcnico:Arian Tarbal

Comit Asesor:Carmen CabezasJaume CampistolManuel del CastilloRubn DazSantiago Garca-TornelXavier KrauelJosep Maria LaillaVicente MolinaMaria Dolors NavarroMilagros Prez OlivaEsther PlanasAntoni PlasenciaEduard PortellaMeritxell RuizJorge Wagensberg

&yPRHGXFDUODVHPRFLRQHV"/DLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQODLQIDQFLD\ODDGROHVFHQFLD&RRUGLQDGRU

5DIDHO%LVTXHUUD&DWHGUiWLFRGH2ULHQWDFLyQ3VLFRSHGDJyJLFDGHOD8QLYHUVLWDWGH%DUFHORQD8%GLUHFWRUGHO0iVWHUHQ(GXFDFLyQ(PRFLRQDO\%LHQHVWDU\GHO0iVWHUHQ,QWHOLJHQFLD(PRFLRQDOHQODV2UJDQL]DFLRQHVGHOD8%\SDWURQRGHOD)XQGDFLyQ(GXDUGR3XQVHW

$XWRUHV

(GXDUG3XQVHW'LYXOJDGRUFLHQWtILFRDXWRUGHOLEURVGHGLYXOJDFLyQFLHQWtILFDHFRQRPLVWDDERJDGR\GLUHFWRUGHOSURJUDPD5HGHV

)UDQFLVFR0RUD'RFWRUHQ0HGLFLQD\HQ1HXURFLHQFLD&DWHGUiWLFRGH)LVLRORJtD+XPDQDHQOD8QLYHUVLGDG&RPSOXWHQVHGH0DGULG8&0\FDWHGUiWLFRDGVFULWRGHO'HSDUWDPHQWRGH)LVLRORJtD0ROHFXODU\%LRItVLFDGHOD8QLYHUVLW\RI,RZD

(VWKHU*DUFtD1DYDUUR&RRUGLQDGRUD\GRFHQWHGHO0iVWHUHQ(GXFDFLyQ(PRFLRQDO\%LHQHVWDU\GHO0iVWHUHQ,QWHOLJHQFLD(PRFLRQDOHQODV2UJDQL]DFLRQHVGHOD8QLYHUVLWDWGH%DUFHORQD8%

OLD/ySH]&DVVj0DHVWUDSVLFRSHGDJRJD\GRFWRUDHQFLHQFLDVGHODHGXFDFLyQ\PLHPEURGHO*UXSGH5HFHUFDHQ2ULHQWDFLy3VLFRSHGDJzJLFD*523GHOD8QLYHUVLWDWGH%DUFHORQD8%

-XDQ&DUORV3pUH]*RQ]iOH]'RFWRU(XURSHRHQ(GXFDFLyQSRUOD8QLYHUVLGDG1DFLRQDOGH(GXFDFLyQD'LVWDQFLD81('\SURIHVRUSHUPDQHQWHGHOiUHDGH0pWRGRVGH,QYHVWLJDFLyQ\'LDJQyVWLFRHQ(GXFDFLyQGHOD81('

/LQGD/DQWLHUL([SHUWDHQHGXFDFLyQVRFLDO\HPRFLRQDO\FRIXQGDGRUDGHOD&ROODERUDWLYHIRU$FDGHPLF6RFLDODQG(PRWLRQDO/HDUQLQJ&$6(/GHO5HVROYLQJ&RQIOLFW&UHDWLYHO\3URJUDP5&&3\GLUHFWRUDGH7KH,QQHU5HVLOLHQFH3URJUDPPH,53

0DGKDYL1DPELDU&RIXQGDGRUD\VXEGLUHFWRUDGH7KH,QQHU5HVLOLHQFH3URJUDPPH,53

3LODU$JXLOHUD'RFWRUDQGDHQHO'HSDUWDPHQWR0pWRGRVGH,QYHVWLJDFLyQ\'LDJQyVWLFRHQ(GXFDFLyQGHOD8QLYHUVLWDWGH%DUFHORQD8%\9LVLWLQJ6FKRODUHQHO,QVWLWXWHRI(GXFDWLRQGHOD8QLYHUVLW\RI/RQGRQ

1LHYHV6HJRYLD3UHVLGHQWDGHOD,QVWLWXFLyQ(GXFDWLYD6(.\YLFHSUHVLGHQWD\VHFUHWDULDJHQHUDOGHO3DWURQDWRGHOD8QLYHUVLGDG&DPLOR-RVp&HOD8&-&

2FWDYL3ODQHOOV/LFHQFLDGRHQELRORJtDSRUOD8QLYHUVLWDWGH%DUFHORQD8%0iVWHUHQ&RPXQLFDFLyQ&LHQWtILFD0pGLFD\$PELHQWDOSRUOD8QLYHUVLWDW3RPSHX)DEUD,'(&83)\UHGDFWRUGH*UXSR3XQVHW3URGXFFLRQHV

&RQHOSDWURFLQLRGH&RQODFRODERUDFLyQGH

'HGLFDPRVHVWHLQIRUPH\EULQGDPRVQXHVWURPiVFiOLGRDJUDGHFLPLHQWRDORVQLxRV\QLxDVGHOD

(VFXHODGHO+RVSLWDO6DQW-RDQGH'pXTXHFRQVXVGLEXMRVKDQFRQVHJXLGRFRQYHUWLUHVWHGRFXPHQWR

HQXQDSHTXHxDJUDQREUDGHDUWH

QGLFH3UyORJRBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB,QWURGXFFLyQBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB4XpVRQODVHPRFLRQHV"BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB'HODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDODODHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB(GXFDUFRQLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQODIDPLOLDBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB,QWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQHODXODBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB5HYLVLyQGHODSUHQGL]DMHVRFLDO\HPRFLRQDOHQHOPXQGRBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB/DH[SHULHQFLDGHODHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOHQODVDXODVGH1XHYD

CMO EDUCAR LAS EMOCIONES?

5

3UyORJR

(GXDUG3XQVHW

6L PH SUHJXQWDUDQ VREUH OD UHYROXFLyQ TXH VH QRV YLHQH HQFLPD \ TXH QRV YD DGHVFRQFHUWDU D WRGRV UHVSRQGHUtD VLQ YDFLODU OD LUUXSFLyQ GHO DSUHQGL]DMH VRFLDO \HPRFLRQDOHQQXHVWUDVYLGDVFRWLGLDQDV

$KRUDPiVTXHQXQFDQRVHVWDPRVGDQGRFXHQWDGHODQHFHVLGDGGHDFDEDUGHXQDYH]SRUWRGDVFRQHOGHVGpQVLVWHPiWLFRKDFLDQXHVWUDVHPRFLRQHVEiVLFDV\XQLYHUVDOHV$QWDxRVHDSDUFDEDQODVHPRFLRQHVRSHRUD~QVHGHVWUXtDQHQHOFDVRGHTXHDIORUDUDQ6HDFRPRIXHUDHQQLQJ~QFDVRODJHQWHSURIXQGL]DEDHQVXFRQRFLPLHQWR\QLPXFKRPHQRVVHSODQWHDED OD LGHDGHJHVWLRQDUQXHVWURV VHQWLPLHQWRVPiVEiVLFRV+D\TXH WHQHU HQFXHQWD TXH HO ~QLFR FRQRFLPLHQWR FRQ HO TXH YHQLPRV DO PXQGR OR SRFR TXH WUDHPRVLQFRUSRUDGRGHIiEULFDHVXQLQYHQWDULRGHUHVSXHVWDVLQFRQVFLHQWHVDDIHFWRVSDVLRQHV\ROYLGRVGHTXLHQHVQRVURGHDQ

4XH VRQ LQQDWRV HV DOJR TXH HQ UHDOLGDG FRQWHPSODPRV GHVGH KDFH \D DOJRPiV GH XQVLJOR 'H HQWUH VX JUDQ REUD &KDUOHV'DUZLQ IXH HO DXWRU GH XQ WUDWDGR IDVFLQDQWH TXHTXL]iSDVyDOJRGHVDSHUFLELGRDODVRPEUDGHVXFpOHEUH(O2ULJHQGHODV(VSHFLHV+DEORGH /D ([SUHVLyQ GH ODV (PRFLRQHV HQ ORV $QLPDOHV \ HQ HO +RPEUH XQ OLEUR FX\D WHVLVGHILHQGH HVWDQDWXUDOH]D LQQDWDGH ODV HPRFLRQHV (Q VXVSiJLQDV HO QDWXUDOLVWD DQDOL]DFyPRSRUPHGLRGHQXHVWUDH[SUHVLyQIDFLDO\GHQXHVWUDJHVWLFXODFLyQFRPXQLFDPRVORTXHQRVSDVDSRUGHQWURDORVGHPiV3RUORJHQHUDOH[SUHVDUQXHVWUDVHPRFLRQHVORKDFHPRVGHPDQHUDLQVWLQWLYDQDGLHQRVKDHQVHxDGRDVRQUHtU

$QWHVGHTXHSRGDPRVH[SOLFDUFRQSDODEUDV\GHPRGRFRQVFLHQWHTXpVHQWLPRVGHVGHODFXQD\DGDPRVDFRQRFHUODVHPRFLRQHVEiVLFDV\XQLYHUVDOHVTXHQRVHPEDUJDQ

PRLOGO EDUARD PUNSET

6

(VUHTXLVLWRLQGLVSHQVDEOHSDUDDSUHQGHUDJHVWLRQDUODVHPRFLRQHVHOVDEHUFRQWDUFRQHOUHVWRGHODPDQDGD/DLQWHOLJHQFLDVHDHPRFLRQDORGHFXDOTXLHURWURWLSRRHVVRFLDORQRHV LQWHOLJHQWH+DVWD WDOSXQWRHVHVWRFLHUWRTXHHO UHFRQRFLPLHQWRVRFLDOGH ORTXHXQRGLFH\KDFHHVXQEXHQ LQGLFDGRUGH OD VDOXGGHO LQGLYLGXR(O~OWLPRPRQRHQ ODHVFDODVRFLDOFDUHFHGHEXHQDVDOXGPLHQWUDVTXHODGHORVGLH]SULPHURVVXHOHVHUH[FHOHQWH/DUHODFLyQFRQ ORVGHPiVHVHVHQFLDOSDUDTXHHO LQGLYLGXRVREUHYLYD\SRUHOOR IRUMDUXQDLQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO SDVD SRU DGTXLULU KDELOLGDGHV VRFLDOHV 1R EDVWD FRQ PLUDUQRV DORPEOLJR WDPELpQGHEHPRVVHUFDSDFHVGHHQWHQGHUTXpFRQPXHYHSHUWXUEDRDOHJUDDTXLHQHVWHQHPRVDOODGR

La inteligencia, sea emocional o de cualquier otro tipo, o es social o no es inteligente.

1RKD\GXGDGHTXHWHQHPRVTXHWHMHUUHGHVVRFLDOHV8QDSHUVRQDTXHKDEODGRVLGLRPDVHQ OXJDU GH XQR HVWi PHMRU SUHSDUDGD SDUD DIURQWDU GLILFXOWDGHV 4XLHQ LQWHUFDPELDFRQRFLPLHQWRVVHQWLPLHQWRVFKLVPRUUHRVRJHQHVFRQRWUDVSHUVRQDVYDDVDOLUJDQDQGRSRUIXHU]D\HQFLPDODUHYROXFLyQWHFQROyJLFDQRVEULQGDXQDRSRUWXQLGDGGHRUR(VWDPRVPiVFRQHFWDGRVTXHQXQFDRWHQHPRVODFDSDFLGDGGHHVWDUORVRPRVPiVVRFLDOHVTXHQXQFD R DO PHQRV SRGHPRV VHUOR \ HVR HV DOJR TXH QR VH SXHGH GHVDSURYHFKDU (QQXHVWUDVPDQRV WHQHPRVKHUUDPLHQWDVFRQ ODVTXHPHMRUDUQXHVWURDSUHQGL]DMHVRFLDO\HPRFLRQDO FRQRFHU OD LPSRUWDQFLD GHO PLHGR FRQWURODU OD LUD \ HPSDWL]DU FRQ QXHVWURHQWRUQR

$GTXLULU WRGDV HVWDV KDELOLGDGHV HV DOJR TXH KD\ TXH KDFHU FXDQWR DQWHV \ SDUD HOOR HVQHFHVDULR TXH OD JHVWLyQ HPRFLRQDO VH LQWURGX]FD HQ OD HGXFDFLyQ GHVGH OD PiV WLHUQDLQIDQFLD+R\VDEHPRVJUDFLDVDODFLHQFLDTXHHQWUHORVFXDWUR\ORVGLH]DxRVKD\TXHDFWLYDU ORVDIHFWRVHQ ORVQLxRVSDUDTXH WHQJDQ ODFXULRVLGDG LQWHOHFWXDOQHFHVDULD3HURSRU VRUSUHQGHQWH TXH SDUH]FD HVWD WDUHD UHPRQWD LQFOXVR D ORV PHVHV SUHYLRV DOQDFLPLHQWR GH QXHVWURV KLMRV +DVWD KDFH SRFR QDGLH WHQtD HQ FXHQWD HO LPSDFWR TXHSRGUtDQWHQHUORVQLYHOHVGHHVWUpVGHODPDGUHHQODFULDWXUDGHQWURGHVXYLHQWUH8QRGHORV GHVFXEULPLHQWRV VRFLDOHV GHPD\RU WUDVFHQGHQFLD GH HVWRV GRV ~OWLPRV VLJORV HV VLQGXGDHOLPSDFWRHQVXYLGDGHDGXOWRGHORDFRQWHFLGRDOEHEpGHVGHVXJHVWDFLyQ

3RU VL QR SDUHFHQ VXILFLHQWHV KD\ PiV PRWLYRV TXH FRQILHUHQ XUJHQFLD D IDYRU GHODSUHQGL]DMHVRFLDO\HPRFLRQDO8QDUD]yQGHSHVRHVHOKHFKRGHTXHXQRGHFDGD WUHVQLxRV HQ HGXFDFLyQ SULPDULD QR FRQVLJXH DGDSWDUVH DOPLVPR WLHPSRTXH QR WLHQH RWURHQWRUQRVRFLDODOTXHDFXGLUTXHQRVHDODHVFXHOD3RVWHULRUPHQWHHOMRYHQTXHQRDFDEDGHHQFDMDUHQHOHQWUDPDGRVRFLDO\FRQXQDDXWRHVWLPDSRUORVVXHORVUHJUHVDIiFLOPHQWHDORVULWRVDUFDLFRVGHODHVSHFLHFRPRODYLROHQFLDODSHOHDRODVGURJDV


7

/DPDQHUDLGHDOGHUHGXFLUORVIXWXURVQLYHOHVGHYLROHQFLDGHDXPHQWDUORVGHDOWUXLVPRGH SUHYHQLU ORV WDPEDOHRV GH OD VDOXG \ FRQ HOOR GH GLVPLQXLU OD SUHVLyQ TXH HVWiFRODSVDQGRORVVLVWHPDVVRFLRVDQLWDULRV\ODDVIL[LDDWRGRWLSRGHSUHVWDFLRQHVSDVDSRUODWHPSUDQDSXHVWDHQSUiFWLFDGHODSUHQGL]DMHVRFLDO\HPRFLRQDO

/DJHQHUDOL]DFLyQ OHJtWLPDGH ODVSUHVWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVKDSURYRFDGRHOFRODSVRIUHFXHQWHGH ORV VLVWHPDV GH SUHVWDFLRQHV VDQLWDULDV HGXFDWLYDV GH HQWUHWHQLPLHQWR R VHJXULGDGFLXGDGDQD3DUDUHVROYHUHVWDFRQWUDGLFFLyQGHEHPRVUHLQYHQWDUODVSROtWLFDVGHSUHYHQFLyQ\ OD PDQHUD LGHDO GH KDFHUOR HV LQWURGXFLHQGR OD JHVWLyQ HPRFLRQDO $OJR TXH VH GHEHDERUGDUGHPDQHUDWUDQVYHUVDOGHVGH ODVDXODV\ WDQRPiV LPSRUWDQWHGHVGHQXHVWURVKRJDUHV$KRUDPiVTXHQXQFDODHGXFDFLyQGHEHDSXQWDUDOFRUD]yQ\HVWR\FRQYHQFLGRGHTXHHVWHLQIRUPHFRQWULEXLUiVLJQLILFDWLYDPHQWHDHVWHREMHWLYR

INTRODUCCIN RAFAEL BISQUERRA

8

,QWURGXFFLyQ

5DIDHO%LVTXHUUD

/D HGXFDFLyQ HQ HO VLJOR ;; VH KD FHQWUDGR HQ HO GHVDUUROOR FRJQRVFLWLYR GRQGH ODDGTXLVLFLyQGHFRQRFLPLHQWRVKDRFXSDGRODPD\RUSDUWHGHOFXUUtFXORDFDGpPLFR(VFLHUWRTXH VLHPSUH KD KDELGR DOJ~Q SURIHVRU R SURIHVRUD R DOJ~Q FHQWUR HGXFDWLYR TXH SRUSURSLDLQLFLDWLYDVHKDQSUHRFXSDGRGHRWURVDVSHFWRVFRPRODVHPRFLRQHVHQVXSUiFWLFDHGXFDWLYD3HURHVRVHSXHGHFRQVLGHUDUFRPR ODH[FHSFLyQTXHFRQILUPD ODUHJOD1RHVKDVWDILQDOHVGHOVLJOR;;FXDQGRVHLQLFLDXQFDPELR

8QSULPHUSDVRHVODSXEOLFDFLyQGHODUWtFXOR(PRWLRQDO,QWHOOLJHQFHHQSRUSDUWHGH3HWHU6DORYH\\-RKQ0D\HUTXHKDEUtDSDVDGRGHVDSHUFLELGRVLQRIXHUDTXHFLQFRDxRVPiV WDUGH HO SVLFyORJR \ DXWRU QRUWHDPHULFDQR 'DQLHO *ROHPDQ SXEOLFy XQ OLEUR FRQ HOPLVPRWtWXOREDViQGRVHHQHODUWtFXORDQWHULRU(VWH OLEUR IXHXQEHVWVHOOHUPXQGLDO\DSDUWLU GH HVH PRPHQWR VH LQLFLy XQ FDPELR GH WHQGHQFLD HQ HO VHQWLGR GH GDU PiVLPSRUWDQFLDDODVHPRFLRQHV

4XpHV OD LQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO"$JUDQGHVUDVJRVSRGUtDPRVGHFLUTXHHV ODKDELOLGDGSDUDWRPDUFRQFLHQFLDGH ODVSURSLDVHPRFLRQHV\GH ODVGHPiVSHUVRQDV\ ODFDSDFLGDGSDUDUHJXODUODV/DFRQFLHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHVHOUHTXLVLWRSDUDSRGHUSDVDUD ODUHJXODFLyQ/D DXWRUUHJXODFLyQ HPRFLRQDO FRQVLVWH HQ XQ GLItFLO HTXLOLEULR HQWUH OD LPSXOVLYLGDG \ ODUHSUHVLyQ $PERV H[WUHPRV SXHGHQ VHU LJXDOPHQWH SHUMXGLFLDOHV 7DPELpQ H[LVWH ODUHJXODFLyQGHODVHPRFLRQHVGHORVGHPiVHQHOVHQWLGRGHTXHHOFRPSRUWDPLHQWRGHFDGDSHUVRQD LQIOX\H HQ ODV HPRFLRQHV GH ORV GHPiV \ SRU WDQWR HQ VX FRPSRUWDPLHQWR&RQFLHQFLD \ UHJXODFLyQ HPRFLRQDOHV GHEHQ FRQVLGHUDUVH FRPSHWHQFLDV EiVLFDV SDUD ODYLGD\DTXHODSHUVRQDTXHODVKDDGTXLULGRHVWiHQPHMRUHVFRQGLFLRQHVSDUDDIURQWDUORVUHWRVTXHSODQWHDODYLGD(Q~OWLPRWpUPLQRVRQHOHPHQWRVHVHQFLDOHVHQODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHOELHQHVWDUSHUVRQDO\VRFLDO

/RVFDPELRVHGXFDWLYRV\VRFLDOHVVXHOHQVHUOHQWRV$XQTXH\DKDFHPiVGHYHLQWHDxRVTXHVHHVWiLQYHVWLJDQGRVREUHLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO\TXHKD\PXFKDJHQWHTXHKDEODGHHOORQRVHSXHGHGHFLUTXHODSUiFWLFDHGXFDWLYDVHKD\DYLVWRDIHFWDGDVLJQLILFDWLYDPHQWHSRUHVWDSURSXHVWD

$ILQDOHVGHORVDxRVQRYHQWDVHLQLFLDQHQQXHVWUDFDVDODVSULPHUDVSXEOLFDFLRQHVVREUHHOWHPD &XDQGR VH KDEOD GH OD DSOLFDFLyQ GH OD LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO HQ OD HGXFDFLyQ DPHQXGR VH KDEOD GH HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO TXH HV XQ FRQFHSWR PiV DPSOLR TXH ODLQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO \D TXH UHFRJH RWUDV DSRUWDFLRQHV FRPR OD QHXURFLHQFLD ODV


9

LQYHVWLJDFLRQHVVREUHHOELHQHVWDUVXEMHWLYRHOFRQFHSWRGHIOXLUHWF'HWRGRHOORVHGHULYDKDFLDXQPRGHORGHFRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHVTXHGHEHQVHUGHVDUUROODGDVDWUDYpVGHODHGXFDFLyQ(QODSULPHUDGpFDGDGHOVHREVHUYDXQDSURJUHVLYDVHQVLELOL]DFLyQVRFLDOSRU HVWRV WHPDV9D FUHFLHQGR HO Q~PHURGHSXEOLFDFLRQHV LQYHVWLJDFLRQHV H[SHULHQFLDVHGXFDWLYDVFXUVRVFRQIHUHQFLDV MRUQDGDVHWF ORTXHHVHO UHIOHMRGHXQD LPSODQWDFLyQLQFLSLHQWHGHODHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOHQHOFRQWH[WRHGXFDWLYR

/D HYLGHQFLD HPStULFD KD SXHVWR GH PDQLILHVWR ORV HIHFWRV SRVLWLYRV GH OD LQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQPXFKRVDVSHFWRVGHODYLGDFRPRSRUHMHPSORXQDGLVPLQXFLyQGHDQVLHGDGHVWUpVLQGLVFLSOLQDFRPSRUWDPLHQWRVGHULHVJRFRQIOLFWRVHWFMXQWRFRQXQDXPHQWRGHOD WROHUDQFLD D OD IUXVWUDFLyQ UHVLOLHQFLD \ HQ ~OWLPR WpUPLQR GHO ELHQHVWDU HPRFLRQDO+DFHU FRQVFLHQWH HO ELHQHVWDU \ OD IHOLFLGDG HV XQR GH ORV REMHWLYRV GH OD HGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO

A grandes rasgos, la inteligencia emocional es la habilidad para tomar conciencia de las emociones propias y ajenas, y

la capacidad para regularlas.

/D LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO WLHQH DSOLFDFLRQHV HQ ODSUHYHQFLyQ LQHVSHFtILFD 8QD SHUVRQD FRQFRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHVHVWiPiVSUHSDUDGDSDUDQRLPSOLFDUVH HQ HO FRQVXPR GH GURJDV FRPSRUWDPLHQWRVGHULHVJRFRQGXFFLyQWHPHUDULDYLROHQFLDGHOLQFXHQFLDHWF+D\HYLGHQFLDVGHODLPSRUWDQFLD\ODQHFHVLGDGGHDGTXLULU FRPSHWHQFLDV HPRFLRQDOHV SRU SDUWH GH ODLQIDQFLD\ODDGROHVFHQFLDGHFDUDDOGHVDUUROORSHUVRQDO\ SURIHVLRQDO 8QD FRQFOXVLyQ HV FODUD HQ HGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO KD\ TXH HPSH]DU OR DQWHV SRVLEOH ,QFOXVRGXUDQWH HO HPEDUD]R \D HV PX\ LPSRUWDQWH HO HVWDGRHPRFLRQDOGHODIXWXUDPDGUHSRUODVUHSHUFXVLRQHVTXHHVWRWLHQHHQHOIHWR

/D UHODFLyQ HQWUH HPRFLyQ \ VDOXG HV FDGD YH] PiV HYLGHQWH /DV LQYHVWLJDFLRQHV KDQGHPRVWUDGR FyPR ODV HPRFLRQHV QHJDWLYDV FRQWULEX\HQ D GLVPLQXLU ODV GHIHQVDV GHOVLVWHPD LQPXQLWDULR\SRU ORWDQWRSUHGLVSRQHQDFRQWUDHUHQIHUPHGDGHV(QFDPELR ODVHPRFLRQHVSRVLWLYDVFRQWULEX\HQDDXPHQWDUQXHVWUDVGHIHQVDV\HQFRQVHFXHQFLDSXHGHQIXQFLRQDU FRPR SUHYHQFLyQ 6H KDQ LGHQWLILFDGR PiV GH FXDUHQWD HQIHUPHGDGHV TXHSXHGHQVHUFRQVLGHUDGDVGHFDUiFWHUSVLFRVRPiWLFRGRQGHODVHPRFLRQHVSXHGHQMXJDUXQ


10

SDSHO LPSRUWDQWH HQWUHHOODV HO DVPD ODV~OFHUDVJiVWULFDV ORV WLFV ODV FRQWUDFWXUDV ODKLSHUWHQVLyQFUyQLFDORVWUDVWRUQRVFDUGLRYDVFXODUHVHWF

(O+RVSLWDO6DQW-RDQGH'pXHVXQRGH ORVSULPHURVGH(VSDxDHQGLVSRQHUGHXQiUHDGHGLFDGD D OD SUHYHQFLyQ \ SURPRFLyQ GH OD VDOXG LQIDQWLO 3RU HVWD UD]yQ \ WHQLHQGRSUHVHQWH ORH[SXHVWRHQ ORVSiUUDIRVDQWHULRUHVQRHVGHH[WUDxDUTXHGLFKRKRVSLWDODWUDYpVGHVXFDQDOGHSUHYHQFLyQ\SURPRFLyQGHODVDOXGLQIDQWLO\MXYHQLOHO2EVHUYDWRULR)$526KD\DQGHFLGLGRKDFHUXQLQIRUPHVREUHODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQHVWDVIUDQMDVGHHGDG+D\YDULRVDUJXPHQWRVTXHH[SOLFDQ\MXVWLILFDQHVWDGHFLVLyQ

(Q SULPHU OXJDU SRUTXH HO KRVSLWDO HV FRQVFLHQWH GH OD LPSRUWDQFLD GH ODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQODLQIDQFLD\DGROHVFHQFLDFRQVLGHUDQGRTXHIRUPDSDUWHGH OD VDOXGPHQWDO \ GHO ELHQHVWDU \ SRU WDQWR HV XQ WHPD GH LQWHUpV SDUD HOKRVSLWDO

6HJXQGR SRUTXH TXLHUH WUDQVPLWLU OD YLVLyQ \ FRQYLFFLyQ GH OD LPSRUWDQFLD GHDFWXDUHQODLQIDQFLDSDUDJDUDQWL]DUXQDHWDSDDGXOWDFRQVDOXG

7HUFHUR SRUTXH TXLHUH VXPDUVH D GLIXQGLU OD LPSRUWDQFLD GH OD LQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQODVRFLHGDGHQJHQHUDO\HQSDUWLFXODUHQODLQIDQFLD\DGROHVFHQFLD

&XDUWR SRUTXHTXLHUH SRQHU DO DOFDQFHGH OD VRFLHGDGXQDVKHUUDPLHQWDV VREUHLQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO TXH VHDQ ~WLOHV SDUD ODV IDPLOLDV ORV SURIHVLRQDOHV GH ODHGXFDFLyQ\SDUDHOSHUVRQDO VDQLWDULR FRQ OD LQWHQFLyQGH IDFLOLWDU ODSXHVWDHQSUiFWLFDGHODHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOHQQLxRV\MyYHQHV

&RQYLHQHGHMDU FODURTXH OD LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO HV LPSRUWDQWHHQ WRGDV ODVSHUVRQDVLQGHSHQGLHQWHPHQWHGHODHGDGGHOVH[RRGHOHVWDGRGHVDOXG(QFXDOTXLHUFDVRSXHGHTXH ODV HQIHUPHGDGHV KDJDQPiV GLItFLO UHJXODU ODV HPRFLRQHV GH GRQGH VH GHULYD XQDPD\RU LPSRUWDQFLDGH OD LQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQHVWDV VLWXDFLRQHV WDQWRSRUSDUWHGHOHQIHUPRFRPRGHODVSHUVRQDVTXHORDFRPSDxDQ

$ SHVDU GH TXH HO +RVSLWDO 6DQW -RDQ GH'pX WLHQH FRPR GHVWLQDWDULR SULRULWDULR GH VXVVHUYLFLRVDORVQLxRVHQIHUPRVHVWHLQIRUPHVHGLULJHDODVRFLHGDGHQJHQHUDO\GHIRUPDHVSHFLDODODVIDPLOLDV\DOSURIHVRUDGR/DLQWHQFLyQHVGREOH3RUXQODGRTXHIDPLOLDV\SURIHVRUDGR FRQWULEX\DQ DO GHVDUUROOR GH ODV FRPSHWHQFLDV HPRFLRQDOHV GH ODV QXHYDVJHQHUDFLRQHVFRQORFXDOVHKDFHXQDSUHYHQFLyQTXHSXHGHFRQWULEXLUDPHMRUDUVXHVWDGRGHVDOXG\SRURWUD ORVTXH LQHYLWDEOHPHQWH WHQJDQXQSUREOHPDGH VDOXGTXH WHQJDQPiVUHFXUVRVSDUDKDFHUOHIUHQWHFRQPiVLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOORTXHSXHGHUHSHUFXWLUHQXQPHMRUSURQyVWLFR


11

(Q HVWH LQIRUPH VH SXHGHQ HQFRQWUDU XQD VHULH GH FDStWXORV GLVWLQWRV TXH WLHQHQ FRPRREMHWLYRSUHVHQWDUXQPDUFRJHQHUDOGHODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO\ORVIXQGDPHQWRVSDUDODSUiFWLFDHGXFDWLYDWDQWRHQODIDPLOLDFRPRHQODHVFXHOD

(QHOSULPHUFDStWXORHOQHXURFLHQWtILFR)UDQFLVFR0RUDQRVKDEODGHHPRFLyQELRORJtD\VDOXGSDUDHQPDUFDUHOWHPD0RUDQRVH[SOLFDTXpVRQODVHPRFLRQHVGHVGHXQSXQWRGHYLVWD QHXURILVLROyJLFR FRQFHSWR IXQGDPHQWDO DQWHV GH SDVDU D DQDOL]DU OD LQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO

(Q HO VHJXQGR FDStWXOR UHGDFWDGR SRU TXLHQ VXVFULEH HVWD LQWURGXFFLyQ GHVFULELPRV ODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO\ORVSULQFLSDOHVPRGHORVGHVGHGRQGHSDVDPRVDODVFRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHV\ODIRUPDGHGHVDUUROODUODVDWUDYpVGHODHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOWDQWRHQODVIDPLOLDV FRPR HQ FHQWURV HGXFDWLYRV RUJDQL]DFLRQHV PHGLRV GH FRPXQLFDFLyQ \OyJLFDPHQWH HQ KRVSLWDOHV $VLPLVPR KDFHPRV PHQFLyQ HVSHFLDO D ORV PHGLRV GHFRPXQLFDFLyQ\VXUROFRPRGLIXVRUHVGHFRQRFLPLHQWRHQWRUQRDODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO(QORVFDStWXORVSRVWHULRUHVGLIHUHQWHVH[SHUWRVGHHVWHFDPSRQRVDPSOtDQORVFRQFHSWRVTXHLQWURGXFLPRVHQHVWHDSDUWDGR

(VWKHU*DUFtD1DYDUURTXHKDHVWXGLDGRVREUH LQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQ OD8QLYHUVLW\RI


12

/LQGD /DQWLHUL HV XQD UHFRQRFLGD HVSHFLDOLVWD TXH KD OOHYDGR D FDER LQYHVWLJDFLRQHV \H[SHULHQFLDV PX\ LQQRYDGRUDV HQ 1XHYD


13

(VWHWUDEDMRHVWiGLULJLGRSRUHO2EVHUYDWRULR)$526GHO+RVSLWDO6DQW-RDQGH'pXMXQWRFRQHOSDWURFLQLRGHOD2EUD6RFLDOGHOD)XQGDFLyQ/D&DL[D$JUDGHFHPRVD-DXPH3pUH]3D\DUROV\$ULDQ7DUEDOUHSUHVHQWDQWHVGHHVWDVLQVWLWXFLRQHVODLQLFLDWLYD\HODSR\RTXHKDQGDGRSDUDKDFHUSRVLEOHHVWHSUR\HFWR

(VSHUDPRVTXHWRGRHOORVHDXQGRFXPHQWR~WLOSDUDODVIDPLOLDVSURIHVRUDGR\VRFLHGDGHQJHQHUDOGHFDUDDFRQWULEXLUDOGHVDUUROORGHODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO6LHVDVt\VHYDSRQLHQGRHQSUiFWLFDKDVWD ODV~OWLPDVFRQVHFXHQFLDVKDEUHPRVFRQWULEXLGRDOELHQHVWDUHPRFLRQDOSHUVRQDO\VRFLDOTXHHVXQDIRUPDGHKDFHUVDOXG

QU SON LAS EMOCIONES? FRANCISCO MORA

14

4XpVRQODVHPRFLRQHV"

)UDQFLVFR0RUD

/D HPRFLyQ HV HVHPRWRU TXH WRGRV OOHYDPRV GHQWUR 8QD HQHUJtD FRGLILFDGD HQ FLHUWRVFLUFXLWRV QHXURQDOHV ORFDOL]DGRV HQ ]RQDV SURIXQGDV GH QXHVWUR FHUHEUR HQ HO VLVWHPDOtPELFR TXH QRV PXHYH \ QRV HPSXMD D YLYLU D TXHUHU HVWDU YLYRV HQ LQWHUDFFLyQFRQVWDQWH FRQ HO PXQGR \ FRQ QRVRWURV PLVPRV &LUFXLWRV TXH PLHQWUDV HVWDPRVGHVSLHUWRVVHHQFXHQWUDQVLHPSUHDFWLYRVHQDOHUWD\QRVD\XGDQDGLVWLQJXLUHVWtPXORVLPSRUWDQWHVSDUDQXHVWUDVXSHUYLYHQFLD

(VWtPXORVTXHSXHGHQVHUGHUHFRPSHQVD\SODFHURGHGRORU\FDVWLJR(QHO'LFFLRQDULRGH1HXURFLHQFLD GH 0RUD \ 6DQJXLQHWWL VH GHILQH OD HPRFLyQ FRPR XQD UHDFFLyQFRQGXFWXDO \ VXEMHWLYD SURGXFLGD SRU XQD LQIRUPDFLyQ SURYHQLHQWH GHOPXQGR H[WHUQR RLQWHUQRPHPRULDGHOLQGLYLGXR6HDFRPSDxDGHIHQyPHQRVQHXURYHJHWDWLYRV(OVLVWHPDOtPELFR HV SDUWH LPSRUWDQWH GHO FHUHEUR UHODFLRQDGR FRQ OD HODERUDFLyQ GH ODV FRQGXFWDVHPRFLRQDOHV 3RU VHU HVWH HO FDStWXOR LQWURGXFWRULR GHO LQIRUPH SLHQVR TXH VHUtDLQWHUHVDQWHDFODUDU\H[SDQGLUORPiVSRVLEOHORVFRQFHSWRVLPSOtFLWRVHQHVWDGHILQLFLyQ

$FODUDQGRGHILQLFLRQHV

3RUXQDSDUWHODUHDFFLyQFRQGXFWXDOGHVFULWDHQHOFLWDGRGLFFLRQDULRKDFHUHIHUHQFLDDODVUHVSXHVWDVGHORUJDQLVPRDQWHDTXHOODVVLWXDFLRQHVTXHVRQXQSHOLJURGRORURELHQVRQHVWtPXORV SODFHQWHURV $QWH XQ SHUUR HQVHxDQGR ORV GLHQWHV \ GLVSXHVWR D PRUGHUQRVWHQHPRV XQD FODUD UHDFFLyQ HPRFLRQDO GH SHOLJUR FDVWLJR GRORU FRQ OD TXH QRVDSUHVWDPRVDGHIHQGHUQRVRKXLU&RQKDPEUH\DQWHXQEXHQSODWRGHFRPLGDWDPELpQWHQHPRVXQDUHDFFLyQHPRFLRQDOSODFHUTXHHVWDYH]QRVOOHYDDDFHUFDUQRVDOSODWRGHFRPLGD\HYHQWXDOPHQWHFRPHU

(VWDV UHDFFLRQHV DQWH HO SHOLJUR R DQWH FXDOTXLHU HVWLPXOR SODFHQWHUR REHGHFHQ DPHFDQLVPRV XQLYHUVDOHV FRGLILFDGRV HQ HO FHUHEUR GHVGH KDFH PLOORQHV GH DxRV /DHPRFLyQ VH HQFLHQGH R ELHQ DQWH XQ SXUR HYHQWR H[WHUQR FRPR HV HO FDVR GHO DWDTXHHVSRQWiQHRGHOSHUURTXHDFDEDPRVGHPHQFLRQDURELHQSRUODFRQMXQFLyQGHXQHYHQWRLQWHUQR \ RWUR H[WHUQR (VWH ~OWLPR FDVR REHGHFH DO GHVHTXLOLEULR TXH VH SURGXFH HQQXHVWUR RUJDQLVPR \ VX UHSHUFXVLyQ HQ HO FHUHEUR DQWH OD IDOWD GH DOLPHQWRV HYHQWRLQWHUQRRSRUSULYDFLyQGHDFWLYLGDGVH[XDODQWHXQDVLWXDFLyQGHH[FHVLYRIUtRRFDORURDQWHXQDFDUHQFLDGHVXHxR


15

3RQJDPRVHOHMHPSORGHIDOWDGHDOLPHQWRV(QHVWDVLWXDFLyQGHKDPEUHVHSURGXFHXQHVWDGR GH GHVHTXLOLEULR LQWHUQR TXH HQ ILVLRORJtD FRQRFHUtDPRV FRPR SpUGLGD RGHVHTXLOLEULRGHODKRPHRVWDVLV


16

'LMLPRVWDPELpQTXHODVHPRFLRQHVVHDFRPSDxDQGHIHQyPHQRVYHJHWDWLYRV&RQHOORORTXHVHTXLHUHGHFLUHVTXHHQHVDUHDFFLyQHPRFLRQDO\IRUPDQGRSDUWHGHHOODVHDFWLYDXQDSDUWHHVSHFLILFDGHOVLVWHPDQHUYLRVRTXHVHFRQRFHFRPRVLVWHPDQHUYLRVRDXWyQRPRRYHJHWDWLYR$GHPiVGHSHQGLHQGRGHTXHVHWUDWHGHXQDUHDFFLyQGHGRORURSODFHUVHDFWLYDODVXEGLYLVLyQTXHVHFRQRFHFRPRVLVWHPDVLPSiWLFRRVLVWHPDSDUDVLPSiWLFR

/D IXQFLyQ GH HVWRV IHQyPHQRV YHJHWDWLYRV FRQVLVWH HQ SURGXFLU MXQWR FRQ OD FRQGXFWDWRGDXQDVHULHGHFDPELRVSDUDOHORVHQWRGRVORVyUJDQRV\VLVWHPDVGHQXHVWURFXHUSRFRQORVTXHHVWHVHDGDSWDDODQXHYDVLWXDFLyQ/DDFWLYDFLyQGHOVLVWHPDQHUYLRVRVLPSiWLFRRFXUUHDQWHXQSHOLJURSLpQVHVHHQHOHMHPSORDQWHULRUHODWDTXHGHXQSHUUR6HWUDWDGHXQD UHVSXHVWD ILVLROyJLFD HQ OD TXH VH OLEHUDQ PXFKDV KRUPRQDV VH SURGXFH XQDFRQWUDFFLyQPXVFXODUSRWHQWHFRUULHQGRRDWDFDQGRDXPHQWD ODDFWLYLGDGGHOFRUD]yQ\ORV YDVRV VDQJXtQHRV IDYRUHFHQ FRQ XQ DXPHQWR GH VX IOXMR VDQJXtQHR HO ULHJR GHOFRUD]yQ\ORVP~VFXORVDXPHQWDWDPELpQHOYROXPHQGHODLUHHQORVSXOPRQHV\MXQWRDHVWRWRGDXQDODUJXtVLPDVHULHGHUHVSXHVWDVILVLROyJLFDVGHWRGRVORVyUJDQRV\VLVWHPDVGHQXHVWURRUJDQLVPR(QODDFWLYDFLyQGHOVLVWHPDQHUYLRVRSDUDVLPSiWLFRRFXUUHWRGRORRSXHVWRDORGHVFULWRDQWHULRUPHQWH

La naturaleza ha encontrado con la emocin un mecanismo sabio, eficiente, capaz de mantener a todos los seres vivos

unos frente a otros.

$xDGLGRDWRGRHOORDGHPiVODVHPRFLRQHVHQHOVHUKXPDQRVHKDFHQFRQVFLHQWHVHVDUHDFFLyQ VXEMHWLYD TXH UHIHUtDPRV D SURSyVLWR GH OD GHILQLFLyQ GHO 'LFFLRQDULR GH1HXURFLHQFLD(OKRPEUHIUHQWHDOUHVWRGHWRGRVORVVHUHVYLYRV\JUDFLDVDHVDRWUDSDUWHGHOFHUHEURTXHHVODLQPHQVDFRUWH]DFHUHEUDOKXPDQD\TXHDOEHUJDORVPHFDQLVPRVTXHSURGXFHQ OD FRQFLHQFLD VDEH GH VXV UHDFFLRQHV HPRFLRQDOHV DO DIORUDU HVWDV D VXFRQFLHQFLD (VD VHQVDFLyQ FRQVFLHQWH GH XQD GHWHUPLQDGD UHDFFLyQ HPRFLRQDO VRQ ORVVHQWLPLHQWRV(OKRPEUHSXHVH[SHULPHQWDVHQWLPLHQWRVHQHOFDVRGHOHMHPSORDQWHULRUHQTXHRFXUUtDXQDWDTXHFRQWUDQXHVWUDYLGDVHQWLPRVPLHGRVDEHPRVTXHWHQHPRVPLHGR

/RVVHQWLPLHQWRVDOPHQRVHQDSDULHQFLDWHQGUtDQSRFRTXHYHUFRQORVPHFDQLVPRVTXHPDQWLHQHQ OD VXSHUYLYHQFLD \ SRU WDQWR FRQ ODV HPRFLRQHV 3HUR QR HV DVt SXHV ORVVHQWLPLHQWRVDOUHFOXWDUPHFDQLVPRVGHODFRQFLHQFLD\KDFHUQRVSRUWDQWRFRQVFLHQWHVGHFXDQWRRFXUUHDxDGHQXQDPD\RU IOH[LELOLGDGD ODFRQGXFWDKXPDQDDQWH ODVVLWXDFLRQHVDQWHV GHVFULWDV /R H[WUDRUGLQDULR DGHPiV HV TXH HVH DxDGLGR VHQWLPHQWDO OH KDVXSXHVWRDOKRPEUHHOGHVFXEULPLHQWRGHXQQXHYRPXQGR


17

(V GHFLU OH KD OOHYDGR PiV DOOi GH ORV VHQWLPLHQWRV LQPHGLDWRV GH PLHGR SODFHU RIUXVWUDFLyQ\HQFRQWUDUORVVHQWLPLHQWRVGHELHQHVWDUDQWHPXFKDV\GLIHUHQWHVVLWXDFLRQHVSHUVRQDOHV HO WUDEDMR ELHQ KHFKR R ODV KHFKDV SRU RWURV HO DSODXVR D XQ KLMR SRU VXFDUUHUDVREUHVDOLHQWH


18

% &XDUWR /DV HPRFLRQHV PDQWLHQHQ OD FXULRVLGDG \ FRQ HOOR HO LQWHUpV SRU HOGHVFXEULPLHQWRGHORQXHYRQXHYRVDOLPHQWRVRFXOWDFLyQGHSRVLEOHVHQHPLJRVTXH VH DYL]RUDQ D OR OHMRV DSUHQGL]DMH \ PHPRULD HWF 'H HVWD PDQHUDHQVDQFKDQHOPDUFRGHVHJXULGDGSDUDODVXSHUYLYHQFLDGHOLQGLYLGXR

% 4XLQWR/DVHPRFLRQHVVLUYHQFRPROHQJXDMHSDUDFRPXQLFDUVHXQRVLQGLYLGXRVFRQ RWURV GH OD PLVPD HVSHFLH R LQFOXVR GH HVSHFLHV GLIHUHQWHV (V XQDFRPXQLFDFLyQUiSLGD\HIHFWLYD(QHOKRPEUHHOOHQJXDMHHPRFLRQDOHVWDPELpQXQ OHQJXDMH EiVLFR WDQWR HQWUH ORVPLHPEURV GH XQDPLVPD IDPLOLD SDGUHV HKLMRV FRPR HQWUH ORV PLHPEURV GH XQD VRFLHGDG GHWHUPLQDGD (OOR DGHPiVFUHDOD]RVHPRFLRQDOHVIDPLOLDDPLVWDGTXHSXHGHQWHQHUFODUDVFRQVHFXHQFLDVGHOp[LWRWDQWRGHVXSHUYLYHQFLDELROyJLFDFRPRVRFLDO

% 6H[WR/DVHPRFLRQHVVLUYHQSDUDDOPDFHQDU\HYRFDUPHPRULDVGHXQDPDQHUDPiV HIHFWLYD $ QDGLH VH OH HVFDSD TXH WRGR DFRQWHFLPLHQWR DVRFLDGR D XQHSLVRGLRHPRFLRQDOWDQWRVLHVWHWXYRXQPDWL]SODFHQWHURRGHFDVWLJRGHELGRDVXGXUDFLyQFRPRDVXVLJQLILFDGRSHUPLWHXQPD\RU\PHMRUDOPDFHQDPLHQWR\HYRFDFLyQGHORVXFHGLGR(OORGHQXHYRWLHQHFODUDVFRQVHFXHQFLDVSDUDHOp[LWRELROyJLFR\VRFLDOGHOLQGLYLGXR

% 6pSWLPR /DV HPRFLRQHV \ ORV VHQWLPLHQWRV VRQXQRVPHFDQLVPRVTXH MXHJDQXQSDSHOLPSRUWDQWHHQHOSURFHVRGHUD]RQDPLHQWR/RVDEVWUDFWRVFUHDGRVSRUHO FHUHEUR ORV SURFHVRV FRJQLWLYRV HQ JHQHUDO VH FUHDQ HQ ODV iUHDV GHDVRFLDFLyQGH OD FRUWH]D FHUHEUDO FRQ LQIRUPDFLyQTXH\DYLHQH LPSUHJQDGDGHFRORULGR HPRFLRQDO GH EXHQR R GH PDOR 6H SLHQVD \D FRQ VLJQLILFDGRVHPRFLRQDOHV


19

FXULRVLGDGHODQLPDORHOPLVPRVHUKXPDQRDGHODQWDQVXFHVRVSRVLEOHVFRQRFHQORTXHSXHGHVXFHGHUDQWHVGHTXHHVWRVXFHGD


20


21

PHPRUL]DU'HHVHHQWRUQRIDPLOLDUSXHGHQDFHUXQQLxRFRQHVWUpVTXHQRVHH[SUHVHHQQLQJXQD DQRUPDOLGDG FRJQLWLYD HVSHFLDO R KLSHUDFWLYLGDG R VtQWRPDV GHSUHVLYRV FOiVLFRVVLQRVLPSOHPHQWHHQHVDDWHQFLyQGLIXPLQDGDGLVSHUVD\GHIDOWDGHLQWHUpVSRUDSUHQGHU

(OHVWUpVHVFLHUWDPHQWHXQDDFWLYLGDGFHUHEUDO\FRQGXFWXDO ILVLROyJLFD\FRQVXVWDQFLDODQXHVWURVHVWLORVGHYLGDGXUDQWHPLOORQHVGHDxRV3HURORVHVWLORVGHYLGDKDQFDPELDGRHQORVKXPDQRVPRGHUQRV\HOORKDGDGROXJDUDODSDWRORJtDGHOHVWUpV\FRQHOORDODIDOWDGHXQVXHxRSURIXQGRVXILFLHQWH\UHSDUDGRUPHFDQLVPRVFHUHEUDOHVHVHQFLDOHVSDUDSURGXFLU\DOFDQ]DUODFRQVROLGDFLyQGHWRGRORDSUHQGLGRGXUDQWHHOGtD\DRWURVVtQWRPDVFRPRODLUULWDFLyQ\ODIDOWDGHFXULRVLGDG\ODGHVDWHQFLyQTXH\DKHPRVPHQFLRQDGR&XDQGRHVWHSURFHVRVHSRQHHQPDUFKDUHSHUFXWHHQHOFHUHEUR\FRPSURPHWHVXIXQFLyQQRUPDO

+R\ FRQRFHPRV XQ WUDWDPLHQWR HIHFWLYR \ SRFR FRVWRVR TXH PHMRUD ORV VtQWRPDVSURGXFLGRVSRUHVWHWLSRGHHVWUpV0HUHILHURDODSUiFWLFDGHOHMHUFLFLRItVLFRDHUyELFR/RVHIHFWRV GHO HMHUFLFLR ItVLFR DHUyELFR IXQFLRQDQ D FXDOTXLHU HGDG GHVGH HO QLxR \ HODGROHVFHQWHDODGXOWR\ODYHMH](VWHWLSRGHHMHUFLFLRSUDFWLFDGRUHJXODUPHQWHUHEDMDODVUHVSXHVWDVHVWUHVDQWHV\PRGXOD\FDPELDODFRQILJXUDFLyQGHOFHUHEURHQDTXHOODViUHDVTXH WLHQHQ TXH YHU FRQ HO DSUHQGL]DMH \ OD PHPRULD 'H HVWR VH KDQ GDGR FXHQWD ORVHVSHFLDOLVWDV


22

GXUDQWH HO HQYHMHFLPLHQWR (VWR WLHQH TXH YHU FRQ OR TXH KD YHQLGR D FRQRFHUVH FRPRUHVHUYDFRJQLWLYD

+DVWDKDFHELHQSRFRWLHPSRVHSHQVDEDTXHORVHIHFWRVVREUHHOFHUHEURGHODSUiFWLFDGHOHMHUFLFLRItVLFRDHUyELFRQRHUDQDFXPXODWLYRV(VGHFLUVHSHQVDEDTXHHOHMHUFLFLR ItVLFRUHDOL]DGR D HGDGHV WHPSUDQDV QR LQIOXtD SDUD QDGD VL OXHJR GHVSXpV QR VH VHJXtDSUDFWLFDQGRHQHOHQYHMHFLPLHQWRWDUGtRDxRV(VWHSXHVQRSDUHFHVHUHOFDVRDOPHQRVLQIHULGRGHORVUHVXOWDGRVGHHVWHHVWXGLRTXHDFDERGHUHIHULU

$OJXQDVFODYHVRFRQFOXVLRQHV

/DHPRFLyQHVDTXHOORTXHQRVPXHYH\HPSXMDDYLYLUDTXHUHUHVWDUYLYRVHQLQWHUDFFLyQFRQVWDQWHFRQHOPXQGR\QRVRWURVPLVPRV

(O FHUHEUR HPRFLRQDO VLVWHPD OtPELFR HV HO TXH JXtD GD OX] H LOXPLQD DFXDOTXLHUHGDGWRGRVORVSODQHV\GHFLVLRQHVTXHWRPDPRVHQQXHVWUDYLGD

/DVHPRFLRQHVVRQXQOHQJXDMHHQVtPLVPDVDWUDYpVGHOFXDOVHSXHGHIDFLOLWDURHQWRUSHFHUODWUDQVPLVLyQGHFRQRFLPLHQWRV

/D PHPRULD GH FXDOTXLHU VXFHVR VH YH IDFLOLWDGD FXDQGR HVWH RFXUUH HQ XQFRQWH[WRRFRPSRQHQWHHPRFLRQDOELHQVHDGHSODFHURGHGRORU

/DVHPRFLRQHVVRQODEDVHIXQGDPHQWDOGHOSURSLRSURFHVRGHUD]RQDPLHQWR\ODWRPDGHGHFLVLRQHV

/DV HPRFLRQHV VRQ OD EDVHGH ORVSURFHVRVTXH VH FRQRFHQ FRPR FXULRVLGDG\DWHQFLyQ

/D QHXURHGXFDFLyQ UHILHUH D WRPDU YHQWDMD GH ORV FRQRFLPLHQWRV VREUH FyPRIXQFLRQDHOFHUHEURSDUDHQVHxDUDDSUHQGHUPHMRU

/DFXULRVLGDGHVHOPHFDQLVPRHPRFLRQDOTXHDEUH ODVYHQWDQDVGH ODDWHQFLyQSRU ODV TXH HQWUD OD LQIRUPDFLyQ FDSD] GH SURGXFLU DSUHQGL]DMH PHPRULD \FRQRFLPLHQWR

(QHO QLxR HO MXHJR HVHOPHFDQLVPR LQYHQWDGRSRU ODQDWXUDOH]DD WUDYpVGHOFXDOHVWHDGTXLHUHKDELOLGDGHV\FDSDFLGDGHVGHXQPRGRHILFLHQWH\KDFHUOHPiVDSWRHQHOPXQGR


23

(OSODFHUD WUDYpVGHO MXHJRHVHOPHFDQLVPRGLVHxDGRSRU ODQDWXUDOH]DSDUDHPSXMDUDOQLxRDDSUHQGHU

$SDJyQ HPRFLRQDO VLJQLILFD SHUGHU R GLVPLQXLU OD HQHUJtD FDSD] GH VHQWLUFXULRVLGDGSRUORTXHVHHQVHxD\FRQHOORFHUUDUHOIRFRGHDWHQFLyQ\VHUSRFRHILFLHQWHHQORVSURFHVRVGHDSUHQGL]DMH

%LEOLRJUDItD

+LOOPDQ&+(ULFNVRQ.,.UDPHU$)%HVPDUWH[HUFLVH\RXUKHDUWH[HUFLVHHIIHFWVRQEUDLQDQGFRJQLWLRQ1DWXUH5HYLHZV1HXURVFLHQFH

0RUD ) 3HQD $ 'HVDUUROOR FHUHEUDO \ DGROHVFHQFLD (Q -0 6HJRYLD \ ) 0RUD (GV6LFRSDWRORJtDGHODDGROHVFHQFLD0DGULG)DUPDLQGXVWULD

0RUD)6DQJXLQHWWL$0'LFFLRQDULRGH1HXURFLHQFLD0DGULG$OLDQ]D(GLWRULDO0RUD)(O5HORMGHODVDELGXUtD7LHPSRV\(VSDFLRVHQHOFHUHEURKXPDQR0DGULG$OLDQ]D

(GLWRULDO0RUD)&yPRIXQFLRQDHOFHUHEUR0DGULG$OLDQ]D(GLWRULDO9DQ3UDDJ+([HUFLVHDQGWKHEUDLQVRPHWKLQJWRFKHZRQ7UHQGV LQ1HXURVFLHQFHV

DE LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL A LA EDUCACIN EMOCIONAL RAFAEL BISQUERRA

24

'HODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDODODHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO

5DIDHO%LVTXHUUD

/DLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO

6HFRQVLGHUDTXHHOSULPHUDUWtFXORFLHQWtILFRVREUHLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHVHOGH6DORYH\\ 0D\HU FRQ HO WtWXOR (PRWLRQDO ,QWHOOLJHQFH (VWH DUWtFXOR SDVy SUiFWLFDPHQWHGHVDSHUFLELGRHQHOPRPHQWRGHVXSXEOLFDFLyQ\KXERTXHHVSHUDUFLQFRDxRVKDVWDTXHORGLYXOJy'DQLHO*ROHPDQ

&RQ DQWHULRULGDG HQ VH IXQGy HO &ROODERUDWLYH IRU $FDGHPLF 6RFLDO DQG (PRWLRQDO/HDUQLQJ &$6(/ FRQ REMHWR GH SRWHQFLDU OD HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO \ VRFLDO HQ WRGR HOPXQGR &$6(/ HV XQD LQVWLWXFLyQ TXH VH SURSRQH OD GLIXVLyQ GH VRFLDO DQG HPRWLRQDOOHDUQLQJ6(/TXHVHSXHGHWUDGXFLUSRUDSUHQGL]DMHVRFLDO\HPRFLRQDO$6('LFKRHQRWUDV SDODEUDV DQWHV GH OD SXEOLFDFLyQ GHO OLEUR GH *ROHPDQ \D KDEtD XQDLQVWLWXFLyQGHGLFDGDDVXGLIXVLyQHQODHGXFDFLyQ

$ SDUWLU GH OD SXEOLFDFLyQ GHO OLEUR (PRWLRQDO ,QWHOOLJHQFH GH 'DQLHO *ROHPDQ VHSURGXFH XQD JUDQ GLIXVLyQ GH HVWH FRQFHSWR (O OLEUR HV XQ EHVW VHOOHU PXQGLDO TXH KDWHQLGRJUDQWUDVFHQGHQFLDVRFLDOKDVWDWDOSXQWRGHHFOLSVDUDORVFUHDGRUHVGHOFRQFHSWR

6HJ~Q 6DORYH\ \ 0D\HU \ OD UHYLVLyQ SRVWHULRU GH 0D\HU \ 6DORYH\ ODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOFRQVLVWHHQODKDELOLGDGSDUDPDQHMDUORVVHQWLPLHQWRV\HPRFLRQHVGLVFULPLQDUHQWUHHOORV\XWLOL]DUHVWRVFRQRFLPLHQWRVSDUDGLULJLUORVSURSLRVSHQVDPLHQWRV\DFFLRQHV6XPRGHORVHHVWUXFWXUDHQFXDWUREORTXHV

3HUFHSFLyQHPRFLRQDO/DVHPRFLRQHVVRQSHUFLELGDVLGHQWLILFDGDVYDORUDGDV\H[SUHVDGDV6HUHILHUHDODVHPRFLRQHVHQXQRPLVPR\HQORVGHPiVH[SUHVDGDVD WUDYpV GHO OHQJXDMH OD FRQGXFWD REUDV GH DUWH P~VLFD HWF ,QFOX\H ODFDSDFLGDGSDUDH[SUHVDUODVHPRFLRQHVDGHFXDGDPHQWHDVtFRPRODFDSDFLGDGGHGLVFULPLQDUHQWUHH[SUHVLRQHVSUHFLVDVHLPSUHFLVDVKRQHVWDVRGHVKRQHVWDV

)DFLOLWDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO GHO SHQVDPLHQWR /DV HPRFLRQHV VHQWLGDV VH KDFHQFRQVFLHQWHV \ GLULJHQ OD DWHQFLyQ KDFLD OD LQIRUPDFLyQ LPSRUWDQWH (O HVWDGR GHKXPRU FDPELD OD SHUVSHFWLYD GHO LQGLYLGXR GHVGH HO RSWLPLVPR DO SHVLPLVPRIDYRUHFLHQGR OD FRQVLGHUDFLyQ GH P~OWLSOHV SXQWRV GH YLVWD /RV HVWDGRV


25

HPRFLRQDOHV IDFLOLWDQ HO DIURQWDPLHQWR 3RU HMHPSOR HO ELHQHVWDU IDFLOLWD ODFUHDWLYLGDG

&RPSUHQVLyQ HPRFLRQDO &RQVLVWH HQ FRPSUHQGHU \ DQDOL]DU ODV HPRFLRQHV,QFOX\H OD FDSDFLGDGSDUDGDUQRPEUHD ODVHPRFLRQHV UHFRQRFHU ODV UHODFLRQHVHQWUH HVWDV \ ODV SDODEUDV 3RU HMHPSOR OD WULVWH]D VH GHEH D XQD SpUGLGD7DPELpQLQFOX\HODKDELOLGDGSDUDUHFRQRFHUODVWUDQVLFLRQHVHQWUHHPRFLRQHVSRUHMHPSORFyPRVHSDVDGHODIUXVWUDFLyQDODLUDRGHODPRUDORGLR

5HJXODFLyQHPRFLRQDO&RQWUROGH ODVHPRFLRQHVTXH LQFOX\H ODKDELOLGDGSDUDGLVWDQFLDUVH GH XQD HPRFLyQ OD KDELOLGDG SDUD UHJXODU ODV HPRFLRQHV HQ XQRPLVPR\HQRWURVODFDSDFLGDGSDUDPLWLJDUODVHPRFLRQHVQHJDWLYDV\SRWHQFLDUODVSRVLWLYDVVLQUHSULPLURH[DJHUDUODLQIRUPDFLyQTXHWUDQVPLWHQHWF

3DUD*ROHPDQODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOFRQVLVWHHQ

&RQRFHUODVSURSLDVHPRFLRQHV

0DQHMDUODVHPRFLRQHV

0RWLYDUVHDVtPLVPR

5HFRQRFHUODVHPRFLRQHVGHORVGHPiV

(VWDEOHFHUUHODFLRQHVSRVLWLYDVFRQRWUDVSHUVRQDV

6L QRV ILMDPRV HQWUH HVWRV GRV PRGHORV GH LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO QR FRLQFLGHQ 3HURDGHPiVVXUJHQRWURVPRGHORVFRPRHOGH5HXYHQ%DU2QHOGH3HWULGHV\)XUQKDPHWF(VWRDEUHXQGHEDWHVREUHTXpHVUHDOPHQWHODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO"FXiOHVHOPRGHORPiV DSURSLDGR" FXiO QRV FRQYLHQH VHJXLU" /D SROpPLFD HVWi VHUYLGD 3HURPiV DOOi GHHVWHGHEDWHKD\XQDFXHUGRJHQHUDOHQTXHH[LVWHQXQDVFRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHVTXHGHEHUtDQ DSUHQGHU WRGDV ODV SHUVRQDV /D HVWUDWHJLD SDUD GHVDUUROODU ODV FRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHVVHGHQRPLQDHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO

&RPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHV

([LVWHQ GLYHUVRV PRGHORV GH FRPSHWHQFLDV HPRFLRQDOHV $ FRQWLQXDFLyQ VH SUHVHQWDQDOJXQDV GH ODV FRPSHWHQFLDV PiV UHSUHVHQWDWLYDV VLJXLHQGR HO PRGHOR GHO *UXS GH5HFHUFDHQ2ULHQWDFLy3VLFRSHGDJzJLFD*523GHOD8QLYHUVLWDWGH%DUFHORQD(VWHPRGHORVHKDH[SHULPHQWDGRFRQp[LWRHQODHGXFDFLyQ%LVTXHUUD\HQJOREDFRPSHWHQFLDVFRPRODVVLJXLHQWHV


26

/DFRQFLHQFLDHPRFLRQDOFRQVLVWHHQFRQRFHUODVSURSLDVHPRFLRQHV\ODVHPRFLRQHVGHORV GHPiV (VWR VH FRQVLJXH D WUDYpV GH OD REVHUYDFLyQ GHO SURSLR FRPSRUWDPLHQWR DVtFRPRGHOGHODVSHUVRQDVTXHQRVURGHDQ(OORVXSRQHVDEHUGLVWLQJXLUHQWUHSHQVDPLHQWRVDFFLRQHV\HPRFLRQHVFRPSUHQGHUODVFDXVDV\FRQVHFXHQFLDVGHODV~OWLPDVHYDOXDUVXLQWHQVLGDG \ UHFRQRFHU \ XWLOL]DU VX OHQJXDMH WDQWR HQ FRPXQLFDFLyQ YHUEDO FRPR QRYHUEDO

/DUHJXODFLyQGH ODVHPRFLRQHVVLJQLILFDGDUXQDUHVSXHVWDDSURSLDGDD ODVHPRFLRQHVTXHH[SHULPHQWDPRV1RKD\TXHFRQIXQGLU OD UHJXODFLyQHPRFLRQDOFRQ OD UHSUHVLyQ/DUHJXODFLyQ FRQVLVWH HQ XQ GLItFLO HTXLOLEULR HQWUH OD UHSUHVLyQ \ HO GHVFRQWURO 6RQFRPSRQHQWHVLPSRUWDQWHVGHODKDELOLGDGGHDXWRUUHJXODFLyQODWROHUDQFLDDODIUXVWUDFLyQHO PDQHMR GH OD LUD OD FDSDFLGDG SDUD UHWUDVDU JUDWLILFDFLRQHV ODV KDELOLGDGHV GHDIURQWDPLHQWRHQVLWXDFLRQHVGHULHVJRLQGXFFLyQDOFRQVXPRGHGURJDVYLROHQFLDHWFHOGHVDUUROORGHODHPSDWtDHWF

La conciencia emocional consiste en conocer las propias emociones y las emociones de los dems.

$OJXQDVWpFQLFDVFRQFUHWDVVRQGLiORJRLQWHUQRFRQWUROGHOHVWUpVUHODMDFLyQPHGLWDFLyQUHVSLUDFLyQ DXWRDILUPDFLRQHV SRVLWLYDV DVHUWLYLGDG UHHVWUXFWXUDFLyQ FRJQLWLYDLPDJLQDFLyQ HPRWLYD DWULEXFLyQ FDXVDO HWF (O GHVDUUROOR GH OD UHJXODFLyQ HPRFLRQDOUHTXLHUH GH XQD SUiFWLFD FRQWLQXDGD (V UHFRPHQGDEOH HPSH]DU SRU OD UHJXODFLyQ GHHPRFLRQHV FRPR LUD PLHGR WULVWH]D YHUJHQ]D WLPLGH] FXOSDELOLGDG HQYLGLD DOHJUtDDPRUHWF

/D DXWRQRPtD HPRFLRQDO HV OD FDSDFLGDG GH QR YHUVH VHULDPHQWH DIHFWDGR SRU ORVHVWtPXORVGHOHQWRUQR6HWUDWDGHWHQHUVHQVLELOLGDGFRQLQYXOQHUDELOLGDG(VWRUHTXLHUHGHXQD VDQD DXWRHVWLPD DXWRFRQILDQ]D SHUFHSFLyQ GH DXWRHILFDFLD DXWRPRWLYDFLyQ \UHVSRQVDELOLGDG/DDXWRQRPtDHPRFLRQDOHVXQHTXLOLEULRHQWUHODGHSHQGHQFLDHPRFLRQDO\ODGHVYLQFXODFLyQ

/DVKDELOLGDGHVVRFLRHPRFLRQDOHVFRQVWLWX\HQXQFRQMXQWRGHFRPSHWHQFLDVTXHIDFLOLWDQODVUHODFLRQHVLQWHUSHUVRQDOHV/DVUHODFLRQHVVRFLDOHVHVWiQHQWUHWHMLGDVGHHPRFLRQHV/DHVFXFKD\ODFDSDFLGDGGHHPSDWtDDEUHQODSXHUWDDDFWLWXGHVSURVRFLDOHVTXHVHVLW~DQHQ ODV DQWtSRGDV GH DFWLWXGHV UDFLVWDV [HQyIREDV R PDFKLVWDV TXH WDQWRV SUREOHPDVVRFLDOHVRFDVLRQDQ(VWDVFRPSHWHQFLDVVRFLDOHVSUHGLVSRQHQDODFRQVWLWXFLyQGHXQFOLPDVRFLDOIDYRUDEOHDOWUDEDMRHQJUXSRSURGXFWLYR\VDWLVIDFWRULR

/DVFRPSHWHQFLDVSDUDODYLGD\HOELHQHVWDUVRQXQFRQMXQWRGHKDELOLGDGHVDFWLWXGHV\YDORUHV TXH SURPXHYHQ OD FRQVWUXFFLyQ GHO ELHQHVWDU SHUVRQDO \ VRFLDO (O ELHQHVWDU


27

HPRFLRQDOHVORPiVSDUHFLGRDODIHOLFLGDGHQWHQGLGDFRPRODH[SHULHQFLDGHHPRFLRQHVSRVLWLYDV1RSRGHPRVHVSHUDUDTXHQRVYHQJDQHVWRVHVWDGRVHPRFLRQDOHVVLQRTXHKD\TXH FRQVWUXLUORV FRQVFLHQWHPHQWH FRQ YROXQWDG \ DFWLWXG SRVLWLYD (VWR HV SRVLEOH \GHVHDEOH

/DHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO

/D HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO HV XQ SURFHVR HGXFDWLYR FRQWLQXR \ SHUPDQHQWH TXH SUHWHQGHSRWHQFLDU HO GHVDUUROOR GH ODV FRPSHWHQFLDV HPRFLRQDOHV FRPR HOHPHQWR HVHQFLDO GHOGHVDUUROORKXPDQRFRQREMHWRGHFDSDFLWDUOHSDUDODYLGD\FRQODILQDOLGDGGHDXPHQWDUHOELHQHVWDU SHUVRQDO \ VRFLDO %LVTXHUUD (VWH SURFHVR VH SURSRQH RSWLPL]DU HOGHVDUUROORKXPDQRHVGHFLUHOGHVDUUROORLQWHJUDOGHODSHUVRQDItVLFRLQWHOHFWXDOPRUDOVRFLDO HPRFLRQDO HWF (V SRU WDQWR XQD HGXFDFLyQ SDUD OD YLGD XQ SURFHVR HGXFDWLYRFRQWLQXR\SHUPDQHQWH$HVWRVHOHGHQRPLQDHQIRTXHGHOFLFORYLWDO

/D HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO HV XQD IRUPD GH SUHYHQFLyQ SULPDULD LQHVSHFtILFD (QWHQGHPRVFRPR WDO OD DGTXLVLFLyQ GH FRPSHWHQFLDV TXH VH SXHGHQ DSOLFDU D XQD PXOWLSOLFLGDG GHVLWXDFLRQHV WDOHV FRPR OD SUHYHQFLyQ GHO FRQVXPR GH GURJDV SUHYHQFLyQ GHO HVWUpVDQVLHGDGGHSUHVLyQYLROHQFLDHWF/DSUHYHQFLyQSULPDULDLQHVSHFtILFDSUHWHQGHPLQLPL]DUOD YXOQHUDELOLGDG GH OD SHUVRQD D GHWHUPLQDGDV GLVIXQFLRQHV HVWUpV GHSUHVLyQLPSXOVLYLGDGDJUHVLYLGDGHWFRSUHYHQLUVXRFXUUHQFLD3DUDHOORVHSURSRQHHOGHVDUUROORGHFRPSHWHQFLDVEiVLFDVSDUDODYLGD

$ WtWXOR GH HMHPSOR VH FLWDQ D FRQWLQXDFLyQ DOJXQRV GH ORV REMHWLYRV GH OD HGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO

$GTXLULUXQPHMRUFRQRFLPLHQWRGHODVSURSLDVHPRFLRQHV

,GHQWLILFDUODVHPRFLRQHVGHORVGHPiV


28

'HQRPLQDUDODVHPRFLRQHVFRUUHFWDPHQWH

'HVDUUROODUODKDELOLGDGSDUDUHJXODUODVSURSLDVHPRFLRQHV

6XELUHOXPEUDOGHWROHUDQFLDDODIUXVWUDFLyQ

3UHYHQLUORVHIHFWRVQRFLYRVGHODVHPRFLRQHVQHJDWLYDV

'HVDUUROODUODKDELOLGDGSDUDJHQHUDUHPRFLRQHVSRVLWLYDV

'HVDUUROODUODKDELOLGDGGHDXWRPRWLYDUVH

$GRSWDUXQDDFWLWXGSRVLWLYDDQWHODYLGD

$SUHQGHUDIOXLU

/RV FRQWHQLGRV GH OD HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO SXHGHQ YDULDU VHJ~Q ORV GHVWLQDWDULRV QLYHOHGXFDWLYRFRQRFLPLHQWRVSUHYLRVPDGXUH]SHUVRQDOHWF&RPRWHPDV UHIHUHQWHVGH ODHGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO HVWiQ ORV VLJXLHQWHV HO PDUFR FRQFHSWXDO GH ODV HPRFLRQHV TXHLQFOX\H HO FRQFHSWR GH HPRFLyQ ORV IHQyPHQRV DIHFWLYRV HPRFLyQ VHQWLPLHQWR DIHFWRHVWDGR GH iQLPR SHUWXUEDFLRQHV HPRFLRQDOHV WLSRV GH HPRFLRQHV HWF FRQRFHU ODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GH ODV HPRFLRQHV SULQFLSDOHV FRPR PLHGR LUD DQVLHGDG WULVWH]DYHUJHQ]D DYHUVLyQ DOHJUtD DPRU KXPRU R IHOLFLGDG OD QDWXUDOH]D GH OD LQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO HVXQDVSHFWR LPSRUWDQWH FRQP~OWLSOHVDSOLFDFLRQHVSDUD ODSUiFWLFD 3HUR ORPiVLPSRUWDQWHVRQODVFRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHV

/D HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO VLJXH XQD PHWRGRORJtD HPLQHQWHPHQWH SUiFWLFD GLQiPLFD GHJUXSRVDXWRUHIOH[LyQUD]yQGLDOyJLFDMXHJRVFRQREMHWRGHIDYRUHFHUHOGHVDUUROORGHFRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHV&RQODLQIRUPDFLyQQRHVVXILFLHQWH

7HQHU EXHQDV FRPSHWHQFLDV HPRFLRQDOHV \ XQD LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO GHVDUUROODGD QRJDUDQWL]D TXH VHDQ XWLOL]DGDV SDUD KDFHU HO ELHQ \QR HOPDO+D\ TXH SUHYHQLU TXH ODVFRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHVVHDQXWLOL]DGDVSDUDSURSyVLWRVH[SORWDGRUHVRGHVKRQHVWRV3RUHVWR HV PX\ LPSRUWDQWH TXH ORV SURJUDPDV GH HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO YD\DQ VLHPSUHDFRPSDxDGRVGHXQRVSULQFLSLRVpWLFRV/DGLPHQVLyQpWLFDGHEHHVWDUVLHPSUHSUHVHQWHHQHOGHVDUUROORGHFRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHV

/DVDSOLFDFLRQHVGHODHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOVHSXHGHQGHMDUVHQWLUHQP~OWLSOHVVLWXDFLRQHVFRPXQLFDFLyQHIHFWLYD\DIHFWLYDUHVROXFLyQGHFRQIOLFWRVWRPDGHGHFLVLRQHVSUHYHQFLyQLQHVSHFtILFD FRQVXPRGH GURJDV VLGD YLROHQFLD DQRUH[LD LQWHQWRV GH VXLFLGLR HWF (Q~OWLPR WpUPLQR VH WUDWD GH GHVDUUROODU OD DXWRHVWLPD FRQ H[SHFWDWLYDV UHDOLVWDV VREUH VtPLVPRGHVDUUROODU ODFDSDFLGDGGH IOXLU\ ODFDSDFLGDGSDUDDGRSWDUXQDDFWLWXGSRVLWLYD


29

DQWHODYLGD7RGRHOORGHFDUDDSRVLELOLWDUXQPD\RUELHQHVWDUHPRFLRQDOTXHUHGXQGDHQXQPD\RUELHQHVWDUVRFLDO

&RQWH[WRVGHDSOLFDFLyQGHODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO

/DLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOWLHQHDSOLFDFLRQHVHQP~OWLSOHVFRQWH[WRV6HSXHGHGHFLUTXHHQWRGR OXJDU \ HQ WRGR PRPHQWR VH GHEHUtDQ DSOLFDU ODV FRPSHWHQFLDV GH LQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO&RQODLQWHQFLyQGHVXEUD\DUDOJXQRVGHORVFRQWH[WRVGHDSOLFDFLyQSULRULWDULDQRV YDPRV D UHIHULU D FRQWLQXDFLyQ DO GH OD HGXFDFLyQ IRUPDO HQ ODV IDPLOLDV HQ ODVRUJDQL]DFLRQHVHQJHQHUDO\HQODVDOXGHQSDUWLFXODU

(GXFDFLyQHVXQFRQFHSWRPX\DPSOLRTXHSXHGHHVWDUSUHVHQWHDORODUJRGHODYLGD8QDSDUWHGHODHGXFDFLyQHVODHVFRODUL]DFLyQREOLJDWRULDHQODHGXFDFLyQIRUPDO(QFDStWXORVSUy[LPRVVH WLHQHSUHVHQWHHOPDUFRGH ODHGXFDFLyQ IRUPDO FRPR UHIHUHQWH LPSRUWDQWH3HURODHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOQRVHOLPLWDDHVWHFRQWH[WR

El contexto familiar es una oportunidad idnea para el desarrollo de competencias emocionales.

(O FRQWH[WR IDPLOLDU HV XQD RSRUWXQLGDG LGyQHD SDUD HO GHVDUUROOR GH FRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHV /DV UHODFLRQHV LQWHUSHUVRQDOHV HQ HO VHQR GH OD IDPLOLD HV XQ FRQWLQXR GHHPRFLRQHV GRQGH HO FRQIOLFWR VHKDFH LQHYLWDEOH /DJHVWLyQSRVLWLYDGH FRQIOLFWRV HVXQDSUHQGL]DMHTXHVHLQLFLDHQODIDPLOLD0DGUHV\SDGUHVGHEHUtDQWRPDUFRQFLHQFLDGHVXLPSRUWDQFLD\GHVHDUIRUPDUVHFRQXQDGREOHILQDOLGDG3RUXQDSDUWHFRQODLQWHQFLyQGHDSUHQGHUDHMHUFHU OD LQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQVtPLVPRVSRU ODRWUDSDUDFRQWULEXLUDTXHORVKLMRVWHQJDQPiVLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO(QHVWHVHQWLGRHOFDStWXORGHGLFDGRDODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQODIDPLOLDLQFOX\HDOJXQDVUHIHUHQFLDVSDUDSRQHUHQSUiFWLFDHQHVWHFRQWH[WR

(Q FXDOTXLHU WLSR GH RUJDQL]DFLyQ WLHQH DSOLFDFLRQHV OD LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO 6RQHMHPSORV GH RUJDQL]DFLRQHV ODV HPSUHVDV LQGXVWULDOHV FRPHUFLDOHV ILQDQFLHUDVRUJDQL]DFLRQHVQRJXEHUQDPHQWDOHV OD$GPLQLVWUDFLyQS~EOLFDHWF$TXHOORVDVSHFWRV HQORV TXH WLHQH XQD DSOLFDFLyQ OD LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO HQ ODV RUJDQL]DFLRQHV VRQ SRUHMHPSOR OD VHOHFFLyQ GH SHUVRQDO OD IRUPDFLyQ FRQWLQXD OD SUHYHQFLyQ GH ULHVJRVODERUDOHVHOWUDEDMRHQHTXLSRRODJHVWLyQSRVLWLYDGHFRQIOLFWRV&RQYLHQHWHQHUSUHVHQWHTXH ODPD\RUtDGHEDMDV ODERUDOHV OR VRQSRU FDXVDVSVLFRVRFLDOHV HV GHFLU VHGHEHQDDQVLHGDG HVWUpV GHSUHVLyQ EXUQ RXW HWF (O VXVWUDWR HPRFLRQDO SUHVHQWH HQ OD YLGDODERUDOKDFHQHFHVDULDODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO


30

'HQWURGHODVRUJDQL]DFLRQHVKD\XQWLSRHVSHFLDOGHHOODVTXHVRQODVUHODFLRQDGDVFRQODVDOXG KRVSLWDOHV FOtQLFDV DPEXODWRULRV FRQVXOWDVPpGLFDV HWF (Q HVWRV FRQWH[WRV ODVHPRFLRQHV FREUDQ XQ YDORU HVSHFLDO /D SHUVRQD HQIHUPD VH SXHGH YHU DIHFWDGD SRUHVWDGRVHPRFLRQDOHVTXH OH FXHVWDVXSHUDU(VWRDIHFWDD ORV IDPLOLDUHVTXHGHEHQGDUOHDSR\RDXQTXHDYHFHVVRQORVIDPLOLDUHVORVTXHQHFHVLWDQDSR\RHPRFLRQDO

(Q HVWH VHQWLGR HV PX\ LPSRUWDQWH HO DSR\R HPRFLRQDO TXH SXHGHQ SURSRUFLRQDU ORVSURIHVLRQDOHV GH OD VDOXG &yPR GDUPDODV QRWLFLDV VH FRQVLGHUD XQD FRPSHWHQFLD GHLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOTXHFLHUWRV HVSHFLDOLVWDVGH ODPHGLFLQDGHEHQGRPLQDU\DTXHVHYHQHQVLWXDFLRQHVFUtWLFDVGHYH]HQFXDQGRHQHVWRVPRPHQWRVODIRUPDGHFRPXQLFDUVHHVFUXFLDO(QFOtQLFDV\KRVSLWDOHVSXHGHKDEHUQLxRVTXHHVWiQHQXQDVLWXDFLyQFUtWLFDWDQWR ItVLFD FRPR HPRFLRQDOPHQWH'LYHUVDV LQYHVWLJDFLRQHV KDQSXHVWR GH UHOLHYH FyPRODVHPRFLRQHVDIHFWDQDOVLVWHPDLQPXQLWDULR$GHU$GHUHWDO9LGDO/DVHPRFLRQHVQHJDWLYDVGLVPLQX\HQODVGHIHQVDVGHOVLVWHPDLQPXQLWDULR\SRUORWDQWR SUHGLVSRQHQ D FRQWUDHU HQIHUPHGDGHV PLHQWUDV TXH ODV HPRFLRQHV SRVLWLYDVFRQWULEX\HQDDXPHQWDUODVGHIHQVDVGHOVLVWHPDLQPXQLWDULR\SRUORWDQWRSUHYLHQHQGHHQIHUPHGDGHV R DFHOHUDQ OD FXUDFLyQ 7RGR HVWR VRQ HMHPSORV GH OD LPSRUWDQFLD GH ODVHPRFLRQHVHQODVRUJDQL]DFLRQHVGHODVDOXG

0DWHULDOHVSDUDODSUiFWLFD

3DUD DSR\DU OD ODERU GHO SURIHVRUDGR \ GH ODV IDPLOLDV VH KDQ HODERUDGR PDWHULDOHVSUiFWLFRVFRQHMHUFLFLRV\DFWLYLGDGHVHQIRFDGDVDOGHVDUUROORGHODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO\ODVFRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHV6HSXHGHUHFXUULUDHVWRVPDWHULDOHVGRQGHVHHQFRQWUDUiQDEXQGDQWHV VXJHUHQFLDV \DFWLYLGDGHV HQHOPRPHQWRGHSRQHU HQSUiFWLFD OD HGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO &RQVXOWDU ORV UHFXUVRV GHO FDStWXOR 5HIHUHQFLDV ELEOLRJUiILFDV SDUD ODSUiFWLFD

/DLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQORVPHGLRVGHFRPXQLFDFLyQ

/RVPHGLRVGHFRPXQLFDFLyQVHSXHGHQFRQVLGHUDUFRPRXQFRQWH[WRPiVSDUDODSRVLEOHDSOLFDFLyQ GH OD LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO /RVPHGLRV DXGLRYLVXDOHV FRPR OD WHOHYLVLyQ \ ODUDGLR WLHQHQ XQ HQRUPH SRGHU SDUD LQIOXLU HQ OD VRFLHGDG 3RGUtDQ VHU XWLOL]DGRV SDUDFRQWULEXLUDODHGXFDFLyQGHIRUPDHQWUHWHQLGDPH]FODQGRIRUPDFLyQ\GLYHUVLyQ

/DUHDOLGDGHVTXHHVFDVHDQORVSURJUDPDVGHFDOLGDGTXHWHQJDQFRPRREMHWLYRFRQWULEXLUDO GHVDUUROORGH ODV FRPSHWHQFLDV HPRFLRQDOHVGH ODV DXGLHQFLDV 3RU HMHPSOR ORVSRFRVHVSDFLRVTXHSRGHPRVHQFRQWUDUHQ&DWDOXxDVRQ5HGHV%ULFRODWJH(PRFLRQDO/2ILFLGH9LXUH\)zUXP-XQLRU


31

8Q SURJUDPD GH UHIHUHQFLD HV 5HGHV TXH GLULJH (GXDUG 3XQVHW HQ /D GH 7HOHYLVLyQ(VSDxRODTXHWUDWDFDGDVHPDQDXQWHPDGHFLHQFLD0XFKRVGHORVSURJUDPDVDERUGDQGLUHFWDR LQGLUHFWDPHQWH OD LQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO\VXHGXFDFLyQGHVGHXQDSHUVSHFWLYDSULQFLSDOPHQWHFLHQWtILFD$OJXQRVHMHPSORVORVHQFRQWUDPRVHQORVHSLVRGLRVWLWXODGRV/DUHFHWDSDUDHOHVWUpVHPLWLGRHOGHRFWXEUHGHO(GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOGHVGHHO~WHURPDWHUQR GH RFWXEUH GHO (PRFLRQHV LQGLYLGXDOHV \ FROHFWLYDV GHPD\R(GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOGHDEULO3DUDTXpVLUYHQODVHPRFLRQHVQRYLHPEUH1RVDEHPRVTXpQRVKDFHIHOLFHVIHEUHUR/DIyUPXODGH OD IHOLFLGDG VHSWLHPEUH &XDQGR HO FHUHEUR VH HPRFLRQD QRYLHPEUH3DUDTXpVLUYHQORVFHORV"VHSWLHPEUH&ODYHVYLROHQWDV,\,,\GHHQHURGH/DVEDVHVJHQpWLFDVGHODDQVLHGDG\ODWULVWH]DDEULO

2WURSURJUDPDHV%ULFRODWJH(PRFLRQDOGH*DVSDU+HUQjQGH]HQ79HOFXDOWUDWDWHPDVGH HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO GH IRUPD ULJXURVD \DPHQD /RV WHPDV HPLWLGRV VRQ/DERQDVRUW/DSDUHOODLGHDO$SUHQGUHDGLUQR3HUGUHODSRUGHODPRUW/DFULVLFRPDRSRUWXQLWDW9qQFHUODSRU9qQFHUODWLPLGHVD/DVH[XDOLWDWLQWHOOLJHQW3RVDUILDOHVWUqV)HUDPLFV*XDQ\DUPpVGLQHUV6DEHUQRVHQIDGDU\/DIHOLFLWDW


32

(OPLVPR*DVSDU +HUQjQGH] GLULJH HO SURJUDPD/2ILFL GH9LXUH GH &DWDOXQ\D5jGLR 6HWUDWDGHXQSURJUDPDVREUHGHVDUUROORSHUVRQDOSVLFRORJtDSRVLWLYD\QXHYDHVSLULWXDOLGDG(MHPSORV GH WHPDV WUDWDGRV VRQ /DPRU DXWqQWLF RFWXEUH 'RORUV ItVLFVGRORUVHPRFLRQDOVRFWXEUH7RWVREUHODQVLHWDWRFWXEUH9DORUVPpVQHFHVVDULVTXHPDLGLFLHPEUHHWF

)zUXP-~QLRUHVXQSURJUDPDGH7HOHYLVLyGH&DWDOXQ\DGLULJLGRSRU-RUGL9LODUGHOOHQHOFXDOXQJUXSRGHMyYHQHVFRPHQWDQWHPDVGHVXLQWHUpV(QWUHORVWtWXORVHPLWLGRVHVWiQ3HWRQV UHEXLJ L HQDPRUDPHQW &RQGLFLRQV DGYHUVHV 3XEHUWDW FRPSOH[RV LDFFHSWDFLy\6XSHUDUOHVSqUGXHV

'HVJUDFLDGDPHQWHDEXQGDQPiVRWURWLSRGHSURJUDPDVTXHVHSRGUtDQFDOLILFDUGHEDVXUDHPRFLRQDORWHOHEDVXUD(VWRVSURJUDPDVWLHQHQXQDLQIOXHQFLDPD\RUGH ODTXHVHUtDGHGHVHDU\DTXHGHDFXHUGRFRQODWHRUtDGHODSUHQGL]DMHVRFLDOVHDSUHQGHPXFKRDSDUWLUGH OR TXH VH YH KDFHU D RWUDV SHUVRQDV 'H DKt OD LPSRUWDQFLD GH SRQHU DO HVSHFWDGRUVREUHWRGRFXDQGRVRQQLxRV\MyYHQHVDQWHPRGHORVTXHSXHGDQVHUYLUGHUHIHUHQFLD

Pese a tener, algunos peridicos, secciones de educacin una vez a la semana, la educacin emocional pasa

prcticamente desapercibida.

/RVQLxRV\MyYHQHVHVWiQLQGHIHQVRVDQWHHOSRGHUGHORVPHGLRVVREUHWRGRODWHOHYLVLyQ6H LPSRQHXQD LPSOLFDFLyQGH OD VRFLHGDGSDUDDSURYHFKDUHVWHPHGLR WDQSRWHQWHSDUDHGXFDURFRPRPtQLPRSDUDQRGHVHGXFDU&UHDUXQDRSLQLyQVRFLDO\XQFULWHULRVREUHODVHOHFFLyQGHSURJUDPDVSXHGHVHUXQDYtDKDFLDGRQGHDYDQ]DU3RUHMHPSORXQHTXLSRGHH[SHUWRV SRGUtD LQIRUPDU D OD VRFLHGDG D WUDYpV GH OD SUHQVD \ XQD ZHE VREUH ORVSURJUDPDV UHFRPHQGDEOHV \ QR UHFRPHQGDEOHV GHVGH HO SXQWR GH YLVWD HGXFDWLYR (VWRSRGUtDVHUXWLOL]DGRSRUODVIDPLOLDV\HOSURIHVRUDGRSDUDRULHQWDUKDFLDXQXVRDSURSLDGRGHORVPHGLRV$IRUWXQDGDPHQWHKD\H[SHULHQFLDVTXHDYDODQODYLDELOLGDGGHSUR\HFWRVHQHVWHVHQWLGR

$Vt SRU HMHPSOR ORV SDWURFLQDGRUHV GH XQ SURJUDPD GH WHOHYLVLyQ UHWLUDURQ VXVVXEYHQFLRQHVFRPRFRQVHFXHQFLDGHODSURWHVWDVRFLDOSURGXFLGDDQWHODHPLVLyQHQSULPHWLPHGHFLHUWDVLQIRUPDFLRQHV/RVDQXQFLDQWHVQRTXLHUHQMXJDUVHVXSUHVWLJLRDSDUHFLHQGRHQSURJUDPDVFHQVXUDEOHVVRFLDOPHQWH6LQRKD\SDWURFLQDGRUHVQLSXEOLFLGDGQRSXHGHKDEHU SURJUDPD (VWD HYLGHQFLD DEUH XQD SXHUWD LPSRUWDQWH D OD HVSHUDQ]D GH FDUD DDSURYHFKDU ODV UHGHV VRFLDOHV SDUD FUHDU FRQFLHQFLD \ RULHQWDU VREUH ODV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVHGXFDWLYDV R QR GH FLHUWRV SURJUDPDV (VWD ~OWLPD H[SHULHQFLD MXQWR FRQ HO p[LWR GH ORVFXDWURSURJUDPDVDQWHULRUPHQWHFLWDGRVSHUPLWHHQIRFDUHOIXWXURFRQXQFLHUWRRSWLPLVPR


33

$GHPiVGHODWHOHYLVLyQ\ODUDGLRGHHQWUHORVPHGLRVGHFRPXQLFDFLyQKD\TXHFLWDUDODSUHQVD /RV SHULyGLFRV HQ JHQHUDO VH GHGLFDQ D GLIXQGLU LQIRUPDFLyQ SROtWLFD \ QRWLFLDV&XULRVDPHQWH PXFKDV GH ODV LQIRUPDFLRQHV TXH WUDQVPLWHQ VRQ XQ HMHPSOR GHODQDOIDEHWLVPRHPRFLRQDO/DVVHFFLRQHVKDELWXDOHVGHXQSHULyGLFRVXHOHQVHUSROtWLFDQDFLRQDO LQWHUQDFLRQDO DUWtFXORV GH RSLQLyQ FXOWXUD HVSHFWiFXORV GHSRUWHV HFRQRPtDUHSRUWDMHV HWF $OJXQRV SHULyGLFRV WLHQHQ VHFFLRQHV GH HGXFDFLyQ XQD YH] D OD VHPDQDSHUR OD HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO KD SDVDGR SUiFWLFDPHQWH GHVDSHUFLELGD KDVWD HOPRPHQWR$XQ DVt DOJXQD YH] KDQ DSDUHFLGR UHSRUWDMHV UHODFLRQDGRV FRQ LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO \WHPDVDILQHV

(Q /D FRQWUD GH /D 9DQJXDUGLD DSDUHFH XQD HQWUHYLVWD FRQ XQ HVSHFLDOLVWD HQ DOJ~QFDPSR FLHQFLD FXOWXUD SURIHVLRQHV HWF TXH DPHQXGR DGRSWD XQ FRQWHQLGR TXH VHSRGUtD FRQVLGHUDU GH HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO 3RU HVWD SiJLQD KDQ SDVDGR LOXVWUHVUHSUHVHQWDQWHV H LQYHVWLJDGRUHV GH OD LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO \ FRQVLGHUDPRV TXH HV XQUHIHUHQWHFLWDGRIUHFXHQWHPHQWHKDVWDWDOSXQWRTXHPXFKDVSHUVRQDVKDQH[SUHVDGRTXHSDUD HOODV HV ORPiV LQWHUHVDQWHGHHVWHSHULyGLFR&RQVLGHUDPRVTXH HVXQHMHPSORGHSUHVHQFLDGHHGXFDFLyQHQLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOTXHSXHGHGDUSLVWDV\DQLPDUSDUDRWUDVH[SHULHQFLDVHQHVWHVHQWLGR

1RYDPRVDFRPHQWDUODVUHYLVWDVHVSHFLDOL]DGDVHQDXWRD\XGDODVFXDOHV\DWLHQHQXQRVOHFWRUHV TXH EXVFDQ LQIRUPDFLRQHV UHODFLRQDGDV FRQ OD VDOXG \ HO GHVDUUROOR SHUVRQDO6RODPHQWH FRPHQWDU TXH GHQWUR GHO DPSOLR EORTXH GH DXWRD\XGD WDQWR GH OLEURV FRPRUHYLVWDV VHSXHGHHQFRQWUDUGH WRGR(Q ODPLVPD FDWHJRUtDKD\ WH[WRVGHJUDQQLYHO\EXHQDIXQGDPHQWDFLyQMXQWRFRQRWURVTXHVRQPiVSURSLRVGHFLHQFLDVRFXOWDVRVHFWDVUHOLJLRVDV/RV OHFWRUHVGHEHQWHQHUXQD LQIRUPDFLyQSUHYLD\XQ MXLFLRFUtWLFRSDUDSRGHUVHOHFFLRQDUFRQFULWHULRORTXHYDQDOHHU

(QODHGLFLyQGHOGHODV-RUQDGDVGH(GXFDFLyQ(PRFLRQDOTXHFHOHEUDDQXDOPHQWHOD8QLYHUVLWDW GH %DUFHORQD YHU ORV HQODFHV UHFRPHQGDGRV DO ILQDO GH HVWH FDStWXOR \ OHHUWDPELpQHOFDStWXORGHHVWHLQIRUPHHOWHPDFRQGXFWRUIXH/DHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOHQORVPHGLRV GH FRPXQLFDFLyQ (VWDV MRUQDGDV FRQWDURQ FRQ OD SDUWLFLSDFLyQ GH SRQHQWHVFRPR (GXDUG 3XQVHW *DVSDU +HUQjQGH] ,PD 6DQFKtV -RUGL 9LODUGHOO %RUMD 9LODVHFD \RWURVDXWRUHV

0HGLDQWHHVWDV OtQHDVTXHUHPRVKDFHUXQD OODPDGDD ORVSURIHVLRQDOHVGH ORVPHGLRVGHFRPXQLFDFLyQSDUDTXHVHLPSOLTXHQHQSUR\HFWRVHQIRFDGRVDOGHVDUUROORGHODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO(VWRUHTXLHUHVHQVLELOLGDG\FRQFLHQFLDFLyQVREUHODLPSRUWDQFLD\QHFHVLGDGGHOWHPD7DPELpQUHTXLHUHXQFDPELRGHDFWLWXGHV\XQDIRUPDFLyQHQLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOGHORVSURIHVLRQDOHVGHOPHGLRSDUDSRGHULQWURGXFLULQJUHGLHQWHVUHODFLRQDGRVFRQHOWHPDHQSURJUDPDVWDQGLYHUVRVFRPRVHULHVWHOHYLVLYDVGRFXPHQWDOHVSURJUDPDVHGXFDWLYRV


34

SUHQVDOLEURVHWF(Op[LWRGHORVSURJUDPDV\H[SHULHQFLDVDQWHULRUPHQWHFLWDGRVSHUPLWHYLVOXPEUDUHOIXWXURFRQHVSHUDQ]D

(QODFHVUHFRPHQGDGRV

-RUQDGDVGH(GXFDFLyQ(PRFLRQDOKWWSZZZMRUQDGHVHGXFDFLRHPRFLRQDOFRPPDWHULDOHGLFLRQVDQWHULRUV

3URJUDPD%ULFRODWJH(PRFLRQDOHQ7HOHYLVLyGH&DWDOXQ\DKWWSZZZWYFDWEULFRODWJHHPRFLRQDO

3URJUDPD)zUXP-XQLRUHQ7HOHYLVLyGH&DWDOXQ\DKWWSZZZWYFDWIRUXPMXQLRULQGH[KWPO

3URJUDPD/2ILFLGH9LXUHHQ&DWDOXQ\D5jGLRKWWSZZZFDWUDGLRFDWSURJUDPD/RILFLGHYLXUH

3URJUDPD5HGHVKWWSZZZUWYHHVWHOHYLVLRQUHGHVKWWSZZZUHGHVSDUDODFLHQFLDFRP

%LEOLRJUDItD

$GHU53V\FKRQHXURLPPXQRORJ\$PVWHUGDP(OVHYLHU$FDGHPLF3UHVV$GHU5)HOWHQ'/&RKHQ13V\FKRQHXURLPPXQRORJ\1XHYD


35

*yPH]%UXJXHUD-(GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO\OHQJXDMHHQODHVFXHOD%DUFHORQD2FWDHGUR5RVD6HQVDW

*523 $FWLYLGDGHV SDUD HO GHVDUUROOR GH OD LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO HQ ORV QLxRV %DUFHORQD3DUUDPyQ

*HOO00XxR]-&RRUG(GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO3URJUDPDSDUDODHGXFDFLyQVHFXQGDULDSRVWREOLJDWRULD%DUFHORQD3UD[LV

+Xp*DUFtD&%LHQHVWDUGRFHQWH\SHQVDPLHQWRHPRFLRQDO0DGULG3UD[LV,EDUUROD%&XHQWRVSDUDVHQWLU(GXFDUORVVHQWLPLHQWRV0DGULG60/ySH]&DVVj((GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO3URJUDPDSDUDDxRV%DUFHORQD3UD[LV/ySH]&DVVj ( (GXFDU ODV HPRFLRQHV HQ OD LQIDQFLD GH D DxRV 5HIOH[LRQHV \

SURSXHVWDVSUiFWLFDV0DGULG:ROWHUV.OXZHU0D\HU-\6DORYH\3:KDWLVHPRWLRQDOLQWHOOLJHQFH"3DVFXDO)HUULV9&XDGUDGR%RQLOOD0(GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO3URJUDPDGHDFWLYLGDGHVSDUD

HGXFDFLyQVHFXQGDULDREOLJDWRULD%DUFHORQD3UD[LV3XQVHW((OYLDMHDODIHOLFLGDG%DUFHORQD'HVWLQR3XQVHW((OYLDMHDODPRU%DUFHORQD'HVWLQR3XQVHW(9LDMHDODVHPRFLRQHV%DUFHORQD'HVWLQR3XQVHW(([FXVDVSDUDQRSHQVDU%DUFHORQD'HVWLQR3XQVHW(9LDMHDORSWLPLVPR%DUFHORQD'HVWLQR5HGRUWD-2ELROV0%LVTXHUUD5(PRFLyQ\FRQIOLFWR$SUHQGDDPDQHMDUODVHPRFLRQHV

%DUFHORQD3DLGyV5HQRP$(GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO3URJUDPDSDUDODHGXFDFLyQSULPDULD%DUFHORQD3UD[LV6DORYH\ 5 \ 6OX\WHU '- (PRWLRQDO GHEHORSPHQW DQG HPRWLRQDO LQWHOOLJHQFH SS

1XHYD

EDUCAR CON INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL EN LA FAMILIA ESTHER GARCA NAVARRO

36

(GXFDUFRQLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQODIDPLOLD

(VWKHU*DUFtD1DYDUUR

3RUTXpLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQODIDPLOLD"

6L KD\ XQ HQWRUQR GRQGH HV LPSUHVFLQGLEOH TXH VH Gp HO GHVDUUROOR GH FRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHVHVWHHVHOGH OD IDPLOLD/RV IXHUWHV OD]RVHPRFLRQDOHVHQWUHSDGUHVHKLMRVKDFHQQHFHVDULRTXHXQRV\RWURVSXHGDQDSUHQGHUDVHUHPRFLRQDOPHQWHLQWHOLJHQWHVFRQHOREMHWLYRGHFRQVHJXLUYLYLUWRGRVFRQPD\RUELHQHVWDU

'LIHUHQWHV HVWXGLRV GHPXHVWUDQ TXH ODV UHODFLRQHV LQWHUSHUVRQDOHV HQWUH ODV TXHHQFRQWUDPRVODVIDPLOLDUHVVRQXQRGHORVIDFWRUHVSUHGLFWLYRVGHOELHQHVWDUHPRFLRQDORGH OD IHOLFLGDG %LVTXHUUD &XULRVDPHQWH HVWDV UHODFLRQHV WDPELpQ VRQ FDXVDVSULQFLSDOHV GH FRQIOLFWR \PDOHVWDU SURYRFDQGR HPRFLRQHV QHJDWLYDV FRPR OD WULVWH]D HOUHQFRU HO RGLR HWF /D FODYH HVWi HQ FRQVHJXLU VHU HPRFLRQDOPHQWH LQWHOLJHQWHVGHVDUUROODU\SRQHUHQMXHJRHVWDVFRPSHWHQFLDVDODKRUDGHUHODFLRQDUQRV

Vivir con emociones negativas tiene elevados costes en nuestra salud y en las relaciones interpersonales.

9LYHVFRQELHQHVWDU"(VWiVVDWLVIHFKRFRQWXYLGD"&XiOHVHOJUDGRGHVDWLVIDFFLyQFRQWX YLGD" 6DEHPRV TXH XQD GH ODV UHVSXHVWDV PiV IUHFXHQWHV D HVWDV SUHJXQWDV QR HVSRVLWLYDVLQRDOFRQWUDULR(PRFLRQHVFRPRHOHVWUpVODDQVLHGDGHOPLHGRODWULVWH]DODGHSUHVLyQODUDELDHWFHVWiQPiVSUHVHQWHVHQQXHVWUDVYLGDVGHORTXHQRVJXVWDUtD

9LYLUFRQHPRFLRQHVQHJDWLYDVWLHQHHOHYDGRVFRVWHVHQQXHVWUDVDOXG\HQODVUHODFLRQHVLQWHUSHUVRQDOHV 4Xp FOLPDHPRFLRQDO JHQHUDPRV HQQXHVWURKRJDU VL YLYLPRV LQPHUVRVFRQHVWHWLSRGHHPRFLRQHV"4XpHIHFWRVWLHQHQXHVWUDYLYHQFLDHPRFLRQDOFRQQXHVWURVKLMRV"(Q ORVQLxRV ODYLGDUiSLGD\SUHFLSLWDGDTXHFDUDFWHUL]DDQXHVWUDVRFLHGDGWLHQHHIHFWRVFRPRODLUULWDELOLGDGODDQVLHGDGRODUDELD

7HQHPRVTXHHYLWDUVHQWLUQRVDVt"7RGRVTXHUUtDPRVVHQWLUQRVVLHPSUHDOHJUHVHQOXJDUGHWULVWHVRHQIDGDGRVSHURVDEHPRVTXHHVRQRHVSRVLEOH3RUHVRFXDQGRVHQWLPRVXQDHPRFLyQGHVDJUDGDEOHHOSULPHUSDVRHVWHQHUFRQFLHQFLDGHHOOD\DFHSWDUOD(OVHJXQGRSDVRHVJHVWLRQDUDGHFXDGDPHQWH ODHPRFLyQSDUDSRGHU VHQWLUVHPHMRU(QHODSDUWDGR$FWLYLGDGHV SDUD HO GHVDUUROOR GH OD UHJXODFLyQ HPRFLRQDO VH DSRUWDQ UHFXUVRV SDUDPHMRUDUQXHVWUDJHVWLyQHPRFLRQDO\ODGHQXHVWURVKLMRV


37

/RVSDGUHVGHEHQVHUXQUHIHUHQWHSDUDD\XGDUDGHVDUUROODUODVFRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHVHQVXVKLMRV/RSULPHURHVHPSH]DUSRUXQRPLVPRORVSDGUHV\PDGUHVVRQORVSULPHURVTXH GHEHQ GHVDUUROODU VX LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO (O SULPHU SDVR HQ HO GHVDUUROOR GH ODVFRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHVHVWRPDUFRQFLHQFLDGHQXHVWUDVHPRFLRQHV

&RQRFHUVHSDUDFRQRFHU'HODFRQFLHQFLDHPRFLRQDODODHPSDWtD

&RQFLHQFLDHPRFLRQDO

&yPRSXHGRFRPSUHQGHU\OHJLWLPDUTXHPLKLMRVHHVWiHQIDGDQGRVLQRSXHGRUHFRQRFHUHQPLPLVPR OD HPRFLyQ GH OD UDELD"


38

HVWiQHVFRQYHQLHQWHD\XGDUOHVDHWLTXHWDUHVDHPRFLyQ2WURGHORVDVSHFWRVLPSRUWDQWHVUHODFLRQDGRVFRQODFRQFLHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHVWUDEDMDUFRQHOORVODFDXVDTXHOHVKDRULJLQDGROD HPRFLyQ HQFRQWUDU ODPHMRU IRUPDGH H[SUHVDUOD H LGHQWLILFDU ORV JHVWRV UHODFLRQDGRVFRQFDGDXQDGHODVHPRFLRQHV

&RQYLHQH GHVWDFDU TXH WRGDV ODV HPRFLRQHV VRQ OHJtWLPDV \ SRU OR WDQWR HV QHFHVDULRDFHSWDUODV $KRUD ELHQ D SHVDU GH OD OHJLWLPLGDG GH ODV HPRFLRQHV HO FRPSRUWDPLHQWRDXWRPiWLFRTXHVHGHULYDGHDOJXQDVGHHOODVFRPRODUHVSXHVWDGHDWDFDUDVRFLDGDDODLUD QR HV VLHPSUH DGHFXDGR /D LPSXOVLYLGDG SXHGH VHU XQ SHOLJUR (V LPSRUWDQWH TXHQXHVWURV KLMRV SXHGDQ DSUHQGHU SRU HMHPSOR OD GLIHUHQFLD HQWUH HVWDU HQIDGDGR HVWRWDOPHQWH OHJtWLPR \ SHJDU D PL DPLJR SRU HO KHFKR GH VHQWLU HVWD HPRFLyQLPSXOVLYLGDG(VWDUHQIDGDGRHVOHJtWLPRORTXHQRHVOHJtWLPRQLDFHSWDEOHHVSHJDUDDOJXLHQFRPRFRQVHFXHQFLDGHXQHQIDGR

$FWLYLGDGHVSDUDHOGHVDUUROORGHODFRQFLHQFLDHPRFLRQDO

$ FRQWLQXDFLyQ VH SURSRQHQ DOJXQDV DFWLYLGDGHV SDUD IRPHQWDU HO GHVDUUROOR GH ODFRQFLHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQQXHVWURVKLMRV

'LEXMDU FRQ HOORV FDUDV TXH H[SUHVHQ GLIHUHQWHV HPRFLRQHV WULVWH]D HQIDGRUDELDHWF(VWRVGLEXMRVSXHGHQHVWDUFROJDGRVHQDOJXQDSDUHGGH ODFDVD\QRV SXHGHQ VHUYLU SDUD WUDEDMDU FRQ HO QLxR OD HPRFLyQ TXH HVWi VLQWLHQGROOHYiQGROR D ODV LPiJHQHV GH IRUPD TXH SXHGD LQGLFDU FyPR VH VLHQWH HQ HVHPRPHQWR

&RQKLMRVDGROHVFHQWHVVHSXHGHWUDEDMDUHOGLDULRHPRFLRQDOGHPRGRTXHVHOHVDQLPHDTXHFXDQGRKD\DQYLYLGRDOJXQDVLWXDFLyQSRVLWLYDRQHJDWLYDSXHGDQDQRWDUHQHOGLDULRFyPRVHVLHQWHQSRUTXpVLFUHHQTXHHVQHFHVDULRFDPELDUODHPRFLyQ\TXpSXHGHQKDFHUSDUDFDPELDUODHQFDVRGHTXHVHDQHFHVDULR

,PLWDU FRQMXQWDPHQWH GLIHUHQWHV HPRFLRQHV 6LWXDUVH GHODQWH GH XQ HVSHMRSXHGHVHUXQEXHQ UHFXUVRSDUDTXHREVHUYHQFyPRFDPELDQHQHOORV\HQHODGXOWRORVJHVWRVIDFLDOHVSURSLRVGHFDGDHPRFLyQ

$QWH DOJ~Q VXFHVR TXH SDUD HOORV VHD LPSRUWDQWH D\XGDUOHV D FRQHFWDU FRQ ODHPRFLyQTXHVLHQWHQHQHVHPRPHQWRSRQHUOHQRPEUH\GHWHFWDUHOSRUTXpGHHVHVHQWLPLHQWR

&XDQGR HO QLxR HVWi SDVDQGR SRU DOJXQD HQIHUPHGDG GH ODUJD GXUDFLyQ HVLPSRUWDQWHTXHVHDFRQVFLHQWHGHTXpHPRFLRQHVHVWiVLQWLHQGR(VWRWLHQHGRVREMHWLYRV DSUHQGHU D FRPSUHQGHU TXp VLHQWH \ D\XGDUOH D YHU TXH SXHGH


39

FDPELDU VXHPRFLyQSRU RWUDTXH VHDPiVEHQHILFLRVDHQHVHPRPHQWR(Q HODSDUWDGR GH JHVWLyQ HPRFLRQDO VH DSRUWDQ DOJXQRV UHFXUVRV SDUD WUDEDMDU ODUHJXODFLyQGHODVHPRFLRQHVFRQQLxRVHQIHUPRV

/DHPSDWtD

&RPRKHPRVYLVWRODH[SUHVLyQHPRFLRQDOHVIXQGDPHQWDOSDUDFRPSUHQGHUODVHPRFLRQHVGH ORV GHPiV VDEHU FyPR VH VLHQWHQ \ SRGHU FRPSDUWLU ODV HPRFLRQHV (VWD FDSDFLGDGSDUD OHHU UHFRQRFHU FRPSUHQGHU \ FRQHFWDU FRQ ODV HPRFLRQHV DMHQDV SHUPLWHFRPSUHQGHUQRVRODPHQWHHOSXQWRGHYLVWDGH ORVGHPiVVLQR ODHPRFLyQGHVGH ODFXDOYLYHQ XQ VXFHVR $ HVWR VH OH GHQRPLQD HPSDWtD (O SLODU VREUH HO TXH VH VXVWHQWD \GHVDUUROODODHPSDWtDHVODFRQFLHQFLDHPRFLRQDOLQWUDSHUVRQDO7DPELpQVHKDGHQRPLQDGRD OD HPSDWtD FRQFLHQFLD VRFLDO /D SDODEUD HPSDWtD SURYLHQH GHO WpUPLQR JULHJRHPSDWKHLDTXHVLJQLILFDVHQWLUGHQWUR

La capacidad de reconocer, comprender y conectar con las emociones ajenas nos permite entender el punto de vista de los

dems y la emocin desde la cual viven un suceso.

(O GHVDUUROOR GH OD HPSDWtD HV GH JUDQ XWLOLGDG HQ GLIHUHQWHV iPELWRV GH QXHVWUD YLGDUHODFLRQHVHQODIDPLOLDODERUDOHVDPLJRVHWF\DTXHSHUPLWHUHODFLRQDUQRVPHMRUFRQQXHVWURHQWRUQR$ ODYH]HOFRVWHGHQRGHVDUUROODUODSXHGHVHUHQRUPH\DTXHFXDQGRXQD SHUVRQD QR WLHQH HPSDWtD SXHGH FRPSRUWDUVH GH IRUPD DJUHVLYD \ YLROHQWD FRQ ORVGHPiV\QRVHQWLUQLQJ~QWLSRGHSHQDQLFRPSDVLyQSRUHORWUR

/DFRPXQLFDFLyQQRYHUEDOODSRVWXUDHO WRQRR LQWHQVLGDGGHYR] ODPLUDGDXQJHVWRHWF HV PX\ LPSRUWDQWH HQ ODV UHODFLRQHV LQWHUSHUVRQDOHV 8QD SHUVRQD HPSiWLFD VHUiFDSD] GH OHHU HVWH WLSR GH VHxDOHV D OD YH] TXH WDPELpQ KDEUi GHVDUUROODGR XQD EXHQDFDSDFLGDGGHHVFXFKD7RGRHVWRIRPHQWDUHODFLRQHVLQWHUSHUVRQDOHVGHPiVFDOLGDGTXHDVXYH]JHQHUDQPD\RU ELHQHVWDU 3RU HO FRQWUDULR ODVSHUVRQDVFRQEDMDHPSDWtD WLHQHQGLILFXOWDGHV SDUD HQWHQGHU ODV HPRFLRQHV GH ORV GHPiV WLHQHQ PHQRV GHVDUUROODGD ODFDSDFLGDG GH HVFXFKD \ VRQ PHQRV HILFLHQWHV D OD KRUD GH LQWHUSUHWDU ODV VHxDOHV QRYHUEDOHV(VWRSURYRFDTXHVXVUHODFLRQHVLQWHUSHUVRQDOHVQRVHDQWDQIUXFWtIHUDV\DTXHSXHGHQ KHULU PiV IiFLOPHQWH ORV VHQWLPLHQWRV GHO RWUR DO QR GHWHFWDUORV QL OHHUORVDGHFXDGDPHQWH

$ SDUWLU GH ORV OD]RV \ YtQFXORV HPRFLRQDOHV TXH VH YDQ WHMLHQGR HQ OD IDPLOLD \ GH ORVLQWHUFDPELRVTXHWLHQHQOXJDU\DGHVGHHOQDFLPLHQWRVHYDWUDVPLWLHQGR\GHVDUUROODQGRODFRPSHWHQFLDGHODHPSDWtD&XDQGRHOEHEpUHFLpQQDFLGROORUDHQODFXQD\ORVSDGUHVOR


40

DWLHQGHQ FRQ DPRU WHUQXUD \ FDULxR SDUD FRPSUHQGHU FyPR VH HVWi VLQWLHQGR VX EHEpVLQWRQL]DQFRQVXHPRFLyQHOYtQFXORDIHFWLYRTXHVHWHMHHQWUHHOORVJHQHUDHQHOQLxRHPRFLRQHVGHVHJXULGDG\FRQILDQ]D\DTXHpOSHUFLEHTXHVXOODQWR\VXVQHFHVLGDGHVVRQFRPSUHQGLGDVSRUVXHQWRUQRPiVFHUFDQR

(Q FDPELR HQ HO FDVR GH XQ UHFLpQ QDFLGR TXH OORUD HQ OD FXQD\ HQ HO TXH ORV SDGUHVLJQRUDQHVHOODQWRHOYtQFXORDIHFWLYRTXHVHHQWUHOD]DUiHQWUHHOORVSURYRFDUiHQHOEHEpPD\RU LQVHJXULGDG \ GHVFRQILDQ]D XQD PHQRU DXWRHVWLPD HWF (O FRVWH GH OD IDOWD GHVLQWRQtD HQWUH SDGUHV H KLMRV SXHGH VHU HQRUPH \ ORV EHQHILFLRV GH GHVDUUROODU HVWDFRQH[LyQHPRFLRQDOWDPELpQ

/D HPSDWtD HV IXQGDPHQWDO SDUD SRGHU HGXFDU D QXHVWURV KLMRV GHVGH OD FRPSUHQVLyQ \SRGHUOD FRQHFWDUHPRFLRQDOPHQWHFRQHOORV6H WUDWDGHPLUDUHOPXQGRGHVGHVXVRMRVSRQHUQRVHQVXV]DSDWRVHLQWHQWDUFRPSUHQGHUODVLWXDFLyQGHVGHVXSXQWRGHYLVWD\VXHPRFLyQ 6L OR FRQVHJXLPRV HVWDUHPRV IRPHQWDQGR XQ FOLPD HQ QXHVWUR KRJDU PiVFDUDFWHUL]DGRSRUODFRQYLYHQFLDHQWHQGLPLHQWR\DUPRQtDTXHQRSRUODFRQIURQWDFLyQ\IDYRUHFHUHPRVXQDVPHMRUHVUHODFLRQHVFRQQXHVWURVKLMRVHYLWDQGRFRQIOLFWRVFDVLVLHPSUHLQQHFHVDULRV

Las tres cuartas partes de las miserias y malos entendidos en el mundo terminaran si las personas se pusieran en los zapatos de

sus adversarios y entendieran su punto de vista. Mahatma Gandhi.

/DVQHXURQDVHVSHMRVRQODVTXHKDFHQSRVLEOHODFRPSUHQVLyQGHORVHVWDGRVHPRFLRQDOHVGH RWUDV SHUVRQDV $ LQLFLRV GH ORV DxRV QRYHQWD HO QHXURFLHQWtILFR *LDFRPR 5L]]RODWWL5L]]RODWWL \6LQLJDJOLDGH OD8QLYHUVLWjGHJOL6WXGLGL3DUPD HQ ,WDOLDGHVFXEUtDSRUFDVXDOLGDGHQHOFHUHEURGHXQVLPLRXQRVVLVWHPDVGHQHXURQDVTXHVHDFWLYDQFXDQGRVH HMHFXWD XQD DFFLyQ /R FXULRVR HV TXH HVWDV QHXURQDV WDPELpQ VH DFWLYDQ FXDQGR VHREVHUYDDRWURLQGLYLGXRTXHHMHFXWDODDFFLyQ(VWHGHVFXEULPLHQWRVHFRQVLGHUDFRPRHOLQLFLR GHO HVWXGLR GH ODV QHXURQDV HVSHMR %LVTXHUUD $Vt SXHV FXDQGR QXHVWURVKLMRV REVHUYDQ TXH WHQHPRV VHQWLPLHQWRV FRPR HVWUpV DQVLHGDG LUD WULVWH]D HWF VRQFDSDFHVGHFRPSUHQGHUFyPRQRVVHQWLPRVJUDFLDVDTXHVHDFWLYDQHQHOORVODVQHXURQDVHVSHMR 1RVRWURV WDPELpQ SRGHPRV FRPSUHQGHUORV D HOORV SRU HO PLVPRPRWLYR \ HVWRSHUPLWHSRQHUQRVHQVXOXJDU\H[SHULPHQWDUXQHVWDGRHPRFLRQDOVLPLODU

&XDQGR QXHVWURV KLMRV SDGHFHQ XQD ODUJD HQIHUPHGDG HVWD KDELOLGDG SDUD OHHU VXVHPRFLRQHVHVD~QPiV LPSRUWDQWH8QDVGH ODVHPRFLRQHVQHJDWLYDVPiVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVTXHYLYH ODSHUVRQDHQIHUPDVRQ ODWULVWH]D\ ODDQVLHGDG/DWULVWH]DDSDUHFHSRUKDEHUSHUGLGRDOJRTXHVHWHQtDHQHOSDVDGRHQHVWHFDVRODVDOXG/DDQVLHGDGHQFDPELRHV

XQDHPRFLyQUHODFLRQDGDFRQR&XDQGRHVWDPRVHQDQVLRVRV SRU VDEHU SRUVLWXDFLRQHVJHQHUDQSHQVDHPRFLRQDO6DEHPRVTXHIRUPDGHYLYLUVHQWLU\SHQ

(V IXQGDPHQWDO SRGHU GHHPRFLRQHV SDUD D\XGDUOHSRVLWLYDVFRPRDOHJUtDWUDSHVDUGHODHQIHUPHGDG(SDUDYLYLUGHIRUPDPiVSR

6L VRPRV FRPSUHQVLYRV FDSUHQGHUiQ GH QXHVWURPGLIHUHQWHVDFWLYLGDGHVTXHXQFXHQWRRPLUDUXQDSHRSFLRQHV SHUPLWHQ WUDEDMDSHUVRQDVDVtFRPRWDPELp

CMO ED

FRQHOIXWXURFRQODSUHRFXSDFLyQSRUVLVHSIHUPRVQRVSUHRFXSDVDEHUVLQRVYDPRVDU HMHPSOR VL OD TXLPLRWHUDSLD FXUDUi ODDPLHQWRVQHJDWLYRV GH DQJXVWLD TXH DIHFHVWDPRVHQIHUPRVHVWRHVXQKHFKRSHURQVDUVREUHQXHVWUDHQIHUPHGDGDSDUWLUGHO

HWHFWDU FXiQGR QXHVWURV KLMRV HQIHUPRVHV D JHVWLRQDUODV 6H WUDWD GH TXH SXHGDQTXLOLGDGIHOLFLGDGFDOPDHVSHUDQ]DFRQI(QHODSDUWDGRVLJXLHQWHVHRIUHFHQUHFXUVRVRVLWLYD

FRQ QXHVWURV KLMRV \ VLQWRQL]DPRV HPRFLPRGHOR \ VHUiQ VHQVLEOHV D ODV HPRFLRQHV THSXHGHQD\XGDUDOGHVDUUROORGHODHPSDWtDOtFXODMXQWRVGHGLEXMRVRQRGHSHQGLHQGRDU FRQ ORV QLxRV OD FRPSUHQVLyQ GH ODV HPpQSUDFWLFDU\DXPHQWDUHOYRFDEXODULRHPRF

DUCAR LAS EMOCIONES?

41

SURGXFLUiDOJ~QKHFKRDFXUDURQR(VWDPRVD HQIHUPHGDG (VWDVFWDQDQXHVWUR HVWDGRRSRGHPRVFDPELDUODDJHVWLyQHPRFLRQDO

VLHQWHQ HVWH WLSR GHGDQ VHQWLU HPRFLRQHVLDQ]DRVDWLVIDFFLyQDGHJHVWLyQHPRFLRQDO

RQDOPHQWH FRQ HOORVTXH OHV URGHDQ +D\D8QDGHHOODVHVOHHURGHODHGDG/DVGRVPRFLRQHV GH ODV RWUDVFLRQDO


42

/DJHVWLyQHPRFLRQDOYLYLUFRQHPRFLRQHVSRVLWLYDV\ELHQHVWDUHPRFLRQDO

&RPRKHPRVYLVWRHQPRPHQWRVGHHQIHUPHGDGHVFUXFLDODSUHQGHUDJHVWLRQDUQXHVWUDVHPRFLRQHV GH IRUPD TXH SRGDPRV SUHYHQLU HPRFLRQHV QHJDWLYDV \ DXWRJHQHUDUQRVDTXHOODVTXHVRQSRVLWLYDV&RQHOORSRGHPRVPHMRUDUQXHVWURELHQHVWDUHPRFLRQDOTXHHVVLQyQLPRGHIHOLFLGDG

$OJXQRVGHORVEHQHILFLRVTXHSURGXFHODYLYHQFLDGHHPRFLRQHVSRVLWLYDVVRQ

'LVPLQXFLyQGHOGRORU

5HGXFFLyQGHODSUHVLyQVDQJXtQHD

'LVPLQXFLyQGHORVQLYHOHVGHDGUHQDOLQDDVRFLDGRVDODDQVLHGDG

3URPRFLyQGHODFDOPD

&UHDFLyQGHXQHVWDGRGHPD\RUELHQHVWDU

0HMRUDGHOHVWDGRGHiQLPR\HOVHQWLGRGHOKXPRU

3RWHQFLDFLyQGHODVIXQFLRQHVGHOVLVWHPDLQPXQLWDULR

$FWLYLGDGHVSDUDHOGHVDUUROORGHODUHJXODFLyQHPRFLRQDO

$FRQWLQXDFLyQVHSUHVHQWDQGLYHUVDVDFWLYLGDGHVFRQHOREMHWLYRGH JHVWLRQDU HPRFLRQHV QHJDWLYDV \ IRPHQWDU ODV HPRFLRQHVSRVLWLYDV $GHPiV GH HVWDV UHFRPHQGDFLRQHV DFRQVHMDPRVDPSOLDUFRQRFLPLHQWRVHQHOFDStWXOR5HIHUHQFLDVELEOLRJUiILFDVSDUDODSUiFWLFDFDStWXOR

/D P~VLFD WLHQH HIHFWRV HQ QXHVWUDV HPRFLRQHV \SXHGHFRQWULEXLUDQXHVWURELHQHVWDU6ORERGD\-XVOLQ (VFXFKDU YDULRV WLSRV GH P~VLFD MXQWR DQXHVWURV KLMRV OHV DEULUi SXHUWDV D TXH SXHGDQSRVWHULRUPHQWH HVFRJHU DTXHOOD TXH OHV JHQHUHWUDQTXLOLGDGFDOPDSD]LQWHULRUSDUDUHJXODUVXHVWUpVDQVLHGDG HWF R ELHQ SLH]DV TXH OHV SURYRTXHQHPRFLRQHVSRVLWLYDVFRPRODDOHJUtD


43

'HHVWDIRUPDODP~VLFDVHFRQYLHUWHHQXQUHFXUVRSDUDODJHVWLyQHPRFLRQDO,QLFLDOPHQWH HV LPSRUWDQWH TXH ORV SDGUHV D\XGHQ DGHWHFWDU D VX KLMR VL HVWiHVWUHVDGRHQIDGDGRWULVWH\TXpWLSRGHP~VLFDOHSXHGHD\XGDUDFDPELDUHVHHVWDGR$ODYH]WDPELpQHVEXHQRTXHVHOHD\XGHDFRQHFWDUFRQODHPRFLyQTXH VLHQWHGHVSXpVGH HVFXFKDU ODSLH]DPXVLFDO&RQHVWH WLSRGHDFWLYLGDGHVWDPELpQ VH IRPHQWD HO GHVDUUROOR GH OD FDSDFLGDG GH HVFXFKD GHO QLxR RDGROHVFHQWH

-XJDU FRPSDUWLU XQ UDWR GH QXHVWUR WLHPSR OLEUH FRQ HOORV VLQ OOHJDU D FUHDUGHSHQGHQFLD6HWUDWDGHTXHGXUDQWHXQUDWRFRQORVSDGUHVDSUHQGDQDMXJDUDFRPSDUWLU\TXHGHVSXpVMXHJXHOLEUHPHQWH-XJDUMXQWRVIRPHQWDYLYLUFRQORVKLMRVH[SHULHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHVSRVLWLYDVTXHFRQWULEX\HQDQXHVWUDUHODFLyQFRQHOORV \ D VX GHVDUUROOR HPRFLRQDO $Vt PHGLDQWH HO MXHJR SXHGHQ DSUHQGHU DDXPHQWDU VX WROHUDQFLD D OD IUXVWUDFLyQ FRQWURODU VX LPSXOVLYLGDG UHVSHWDU ORVWXUQRV R HVFXFKDU FRQ PiV DWHQFLyQ $ OD YH] HO MXHJR HV XQD RSRUWXQLGDGySWLPDSDUDUHtUVHIRPHQWDUHOVHQWLGRGHOKXPRU\ODVHPRFLRQHVSRVLWLYDV

'DU FDULFLDV \ PXHVWUDV GH DIHFWR 7RGRV QHFHVLWDPRV FDULFLDV \ PXHVWUDV GHDIHFWRVHDFXDOVHDQXHVWUDHGDG5HFLELU\GDUFDULFLDVD\XGDDVHQWLUQRVELHQ\D FRPSDUWLU HPRFLRQHV SRVLWLYDV (O FRQWDFWR FRUSRUDO QRV SHUPLWH PRVWUDUQXHVWUR DPRU KDFLD HO RWUR (O DPRU HV XQD GH ODV HPRFLRQHV SRVLWLYDV DIRPHQWDU GHVDUUROODU \ PDQWHQHU HQ OD UHODFLyQ FRQ QXHVWURV KLMRV (VLPSUHVFLQGLEOHPRVWUDUOHV HO DPRU TXH VHQWLPRV SRU HOORV D SDUWLU GHO OHQJXDMHFRUSRUDO

8Q QLxR IDOWR GH FRQWDFWR ItVLFR SUHVHQWD XQD PD\RU SUREDELOLGDG GH WHQHUUHODFLRQHV LQWHUSHUVRQDOHV PHQRV VDWLVIDFWRULDV \ GH PDQLIHVWDU FRQGXFWDVDQWLVRFLDOHV(VLPSRUWDQWHGDUFDULxR\DIHFWRDWUDYpVGHOWDFWRODVFDULFLDVORVDEUD]RV\ORVEHVRVDQXHVWURVKLMRV


44

%LEOLRJUDItD

%LVTXHUUD5(GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO\ELHQHVWDU%DUFHORQD3UD[LV%LVTXHUUD53VLFRSHGDJRJtDGHODVHPRFLRQHV0DGULG6tQWHVLV%LVTXHUUD5&RRUG(GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO3URSXHVWDVSDUDHGXFDGRUHV\IDPLOLDV%LOEDR

'HVFOpHGH%URZHU'ROWR)(OQLxR\ODIDPLOLD'HVDUUROORHPRFLRQDO\HQWRUQRIDPLOLDU%DUFHORQD3DLGyV(OLDV 0- 7RELDV 6( )ULHGODQGHU % 6 (GXFDU FRQ LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO %DUFHORQD

3OD]D-DQpV)DEHU$0D]OLVK(&yPRKDEODUSDUDTXHVXVKLMRVOHHVFXFKHQ\FyPRHVFXFKDUSDUDTXH

VXVKLMRVOHKDEOHQ0DGULG0HGLFL)DEHU $ 0D]OLVK ( &yPR KDEODU SDUD TXH VXV KLMRV HVWXGLHQ HQ FDVD \ HQ HO FROHJLR

0DGULG0HGLFL*523 $FWLYLGDGHV SDUD HO GHVDUUROOR GH OD LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO HQ ORV QLxRV %DUFHORQD

3DUUDPyQ/ySH]$JUHOR9//DFRPXQLFDFLyQHQIDPLOLD0iVDOOiGHODVSDODEUDV0DGULG6tQWHVLV3HDUFH-%HUULQFKHVHQIDGRV\SDWDOHWDV6ROXFLRQHVFRPSUREDGDVSDUDD\XGDUDWXKLMRD

HQIUHQWDUVHDHPRFLRQHVIXHUWHV%DUFHORQD3DLGyV3pUH]6LPy5(OGHVDUUROORHPRFLRQDOGHWXKLMR%DUFHORQD3DLGyV5L]]RODWWL*6LQLJDJOLD&/DVQHXURQDVHVSHMR/RVPHFDQLVPRVGHODHPSDWtDHPRFLRQDO

%DUFHORQD3DLGyV6ORERGD$-XVOLQ3+3V\FKRORJLFDOSHUVSHFWLYHVRQPXVLFDQGHPRWLRQ(Q3+-XVOLQ\$

6ORERGD0XVLFDQG(PRWLRQSS2[IRUG2[IRUG8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV9DOOpV$UiQGLJD$ /D LQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOGH ORVKLMRV&yPRGHVDUUROODUOD ,QVWLWXWRGH

2ULHQWDFLyQ3VLFROyJLFD$VRFLDGRV0DGULG


45

,QWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHQHODXOD

OLD/ySH]&DVVj

&yPRGHVDUUROODUODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO

8QDIRUPDSDUDGHVDUUROODUODLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOHVPHGLDQWHSURJUDPDVGHHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO(VWRVSURJUDPDVGHEHUtDQLQLFLDUVHHQODVSULPHUDVHWDSDVGHODYLGD\DTXHHQHVWDVHGDGHVVHGDQODVSULPHUDVEDVHVGHDSUHQGL]DMH\UHODFLyQ3RUHMHPSORFXDQGRXQQLxRHPSLH]DDKDEODUHV LPSRUWDQWHGHFLUOHFRVDVUHODFLRQDGDVFRQVXVHPRFLRQHV

INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL EN EL AULA LIA LPEZ CASS

46

/DVDFWLYLGDGHVTXHVHGHVDUUROODQHQHODXODVRQHOSULQFLSDOYHKtFXORSDUDODUHODFLyQHQWUHHO SURIHVRUDGR \ HO DOXPQDGR \ HV DOOt GRQGH VH SRQH HQ MXHJR OD FDUJD HPRFLRQDO \DIHFWLYD /D PHWRGRORJtD HGXFDWLYD PiV HILFD] HV DTXHOOD EDVDGD HQ ORV FRQRFLPLHQWRVSUHYLRVGHORVQLxRV\DGROHVFHQWHVHQVXVLQWHUHVHV\QHFHVLGDGHVSHUVRQDOHV\VRFLDOHV\HQ VXV YLYHQFLDV GLUHFWDV 3DUD HOOR SXHGHQ D\XGDU UHFXUVRV GLGiFWLFRV LPiJHQHVIRWRJUDItDVFDQFLRQHVFXHQWRVOLWHUDWXUDMXHJRVYtGHRVREMHWRVQRWLFLDVGHSUHQVDUROHSOD\LQJ HWF TXH VXVFLWHQ OD FRQFLHQFLD HPRFLRQDO \ TXH RIUH]FDQ OD SRVLELOLGDG GHH[SHULPHQWDU HPRFLRQHV &RQYLHQH RIUHFHU HVSDFLRV HQ HO DXOD GH UHIOH[LyQ \ GHLQWURVSHFFLyQIRPHQWDUODFRPXQLFDFLyQFRQORVGHPiV\WUDEDMDUHQHTXLSR

(V HIHFWLYR SUHSDUDU HVSDFLRV DELHUWRV FRQ VLOODV R FRMLQHV HQ ORV TXH GHVGH XQD FLHUWDFRPRGLGDGSRVWXUDOVHSXHGDQH[SRQHUFRPSDUWLU\YLYHQFLDUVLWXDFLRQHVGHDSUHQGL]DMHHPRFLRQDO\IDYRUH]FDQODFRPXQLFDFLyQYLVXDO\FRUSRUDOGHORVDOXPQRV

El profesor, con sus actitudes y comportamientos, puede ofrecer un clima de seguridad, respeto y confianza ante los alumnos.

(Q ODV SULPHUDV HGDGHV HVFRODUHV HV QHFHVDULD OD FRPXQLFDFLyQ FRQWLQXD HQWUH HOSURIHVRUDGR\ODVIDPLOLDV(QHVWDVHGDGHVHVFRQYHQLHQWHHOXVRGHPDWHULDOHVYLDMHURVHQWHQGLGRV FRPR DTXHOORV TXH RIUHFHQ OD SRVLELOLGDG D ODV IDPLOLDV \ WDPELpQ D RWURVHGXFDGRUHV GH TXH SXHGDQ SDUWLFLSDU GLUHFWDPHQWH HQ OD HGXFDFLyQ GH OD LQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO6HWUDWDGHKDFHUOOHJDUDORVDJHQWHVHGXFDWLYRVORTXHVHWUDEDMDHQODHVFXHODVREUHLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOSDUDTXHWRPHQFRQFLHQFLDGHVXYDORUSHGDJyJLFR\SDUDTXHSXHGDQFRQWULEXLUHQXQDHGXFDFLyQFRPSDUWLGD(QODDGROHVFHQFLDVHKDFHPiVKLQFDSLpHQ HO WUDEDMR FRQ HO DOXPQDGR SDUD TXH pVWH SXHGD WUDQVIHULUOR D VX HQWRUQR \ D ODVSHUVRQDVPiVSUy[LPDV

(OHQWRUQRHVFRODUHV LPSUHVFLQGLEOHSDUDIDYRUHFHU ODHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO+D\GLYHUVDVHVWUDWHJLDVSDUDSRQHUOD HQSUiFWLFD8QDGH HOODVHV LQWHJUiQGROD HQ ODVGLYHUVDViUHDVDFDGpPLFDV \ D OR ODUJR GH WRGRV ORV FXUVRV GH IRUPD WUDQVYHUVDO &XDQGR HVWR QR HVSRVLEOH FRPRPtQLPRKDEUtD TXH SURFXUDU OOHJDU DOPi[LPRGHPDWHULDV \ HQ WRGRV ORVFXUVRVSRVLEOHV/DWXWRUtD\ODDVLJQDWXUDGHHGXFDFLyQSDUDODFLXGDGDQtDVRQXQHVSDFLRLGyQHRSDUDODHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO

(VPX\ LPSRUWDQWH HO URO GHO SURIHVRU R SURIHVRUD HQ HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO \D TXH SRULPLWDFLyQ HO DOXPQR R DOXPQD DSUHQGH D GHVDUUROODU \ D SRQHU HQ SUiFWLFD VX SURSLDLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO(OSURIHVRUFRQVXVDFWLWXGHV\FRPSRUWDPLHQWRVSXHGHRIUHFHUXQFOLPDGHVHJXULGDGUHVSHWR\FRQILDQ]DDQWHORVDOXPQRVTXHGHVHDHGXFDU3RUHMHPSORHODGXOWRWUDQVPLWH\FRQWDJLDVXHVWDGRHPRFLRQDODWUDYpVGHODFRPXQLFDFLyQYHUEDO\QR


47

YHUEDOFRPRJHVWRVWRQRGHYR]FRQWDFWRItVLFRHWF6LHODGXOWRFDGDYH]TXHVHHQIDGDFKLOODHOQLxRDSUHQGHUiDKDFHUORPLVPRFRQORVGHPiV

(OSURIHVRUGHEHGHVDUUROODU VXFDSDFLGDGHPSiWLFDFRQHODOXPQRSDUDSRGHU HVWDEOHFHUUHODFLRQHVGHFRQILDQ]D\FRUGLDOLGDG'HEHVHUUHFHSWLYRDOFRQWDFWRKXPDQRSDUDIDFLOLWDUTXHODFRPXQLFDFLyQDIHFWXRVDVHDILDQFHHQODVUHODFLRQHVSRVLWLYDVHQWUHODVSHUVRQDV

$VtSXHVHOSURIHVRUDGRGHEHVHQVLELOL]DUVH\IRUPDUVHHQFRPSHWHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHVFRPRSDVRSUHYLR D OD HGXFDFLyQGH OD LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO 3DUDHOORSXHGH UHDOL]DU FXUVRVOHFWXUDVLQWHUFDPELRVGHH[SHULHQFLDVHWF(OSURIHVRUWXWRUWLHQHXQSHVRUHOHYDQWHHQODDSOLFDFLyQGHSURJUDPDVGHHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO\DTXHHVHOUHIHUHQWHLQPHGLDWRGHVXVDOXPQRV\DOXPQDVSRURWUDSDUWHVXHOHVHUHOTXHWLHQHPiVFRQWDFWRFRQHOORVDORODUJRGHODVHPDQD

/DHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOGHEHUtD WHQHU FRQWLQXLGDGD OR ODUJRGH OD HVFRODULGDGDVt FRPRGLVSRQHUGHP~OWLSOHVRSRUWXQLGDGHVSDUDOOHYDUDODSUiFWLFDHVWRVDSUHQGL]DMHV


48

YHUEDO (Q WDO FDVR HO DGXOWR GHEH DFRPSDxDU HVWD H[SUHVLyQ FRQ XQD SDODEUD TXHLGHQWLILTXHODHPRFLyQTXHVLHQWH

3LHQVR\VLHQWRFRVDVSRVLWLYDV

8QDIRUPDSDUDD\XGDUDVHQWLUVHPHMRUHVSHQVDUHQFRVDVSRVLWLYDV\VHQWLUODV3DUDHVWHILQ FRQYLHQHGHGLFDU WLHPSRDTXH HO DOXPQDGRPXHVWUH FLHUWRVSHQVDPLHQWRVSDUDTXHSXHGDQJHQHUDUHPRFLRQHVSRVLWLYDVHQHOORVPLVPRV\FRQWDJLDUODVDORVGHPiV+HDTXtDOJXQRVHMHPSORV

&XDQGRSLHQVRHQPLVDQLPDOHVGHFRPSDxtDPHVLHQWRPX\DOHJUH

&XDQGRYR\DYHUDPLVDEXHORVGLVIUXWRPXFKRHOGtD

&XDQGRSLHQVRHQODVYDFDFLRQHVVLHQWRJDQDVGHGLYHUWLUPH

&XDQGRSLHQVRHQIORUHVGHFRORUHVPHVLHQWRWUDQTXLOR

6LDGHPiVGHH[SUHVDUHVWRVPHQVDMHVRUDOPHQWHORVHVFULELPRV\ORVH[SRQHPRVHQDOJ~QHVSDFLRItVLFRHQHODXODHVWRVSXHGHQWHQHUXQDPD\RUUHSHUFXVLyQSRVLWLYDFRQORTXHVHIDYRUHFHUiHOELHQHVWDUGHOFRQMXQWRGHODFODVH

0HFXLGDQ\PHFXLGR

/OHYDUD ODSUiFWLFDVLWXDFLRQHVHQODVTXHODVSHUVRQDVVHVLHQWDQFXLGDGDV\UHVSHWDGDVSRUORVGHPiVQRWDQVRORIDYRUHFHODVUHODFLRQHVVRFLDOHVVLQRTXHWDPELpQFRQWULEX\HDODSURSLDDXWRHVWLPD&RQYLHQHUHDOL]DUHVWDVSUiFWLFDVSULPHURFRQXQRPLVPRSDUDFRQRFHUVXVEHQHILFLRV\SDUDIDPLOLDUL]DUVHFRQHOODV

5HDOL]DUPDVDMHVSRUSDUHMDVFRQREMHWRVDOJRGRQHVSDxXHORVSOXPDVHWFRFRQODVSURSLDVPDQRV

%DLODUVLQSHUGHUHOFRQWDFWRItVLFR\YLVXDOFRQRWUDSHUVRQD

'HFLUVHFRVDVSRVLWLYDV\PHQVDMHVSRVLWLYRVSDUDVHQWLUVHTXHULGR\UHFRQRFLGR

3UDFWLFDUORVDEUD]RV

6HQWLU\FRPXQLFDUHPRFLRQHV

7RGDSHUVRQDQHFHVLWDVHQWLUVHHVFXFKDGDVREUHWRGRFXDQGRVLHQWHPDOHVWDU'LVSRQHUGHWLHPSRSDUDTXH ORVQLxRV\QLxDVH[SUHVHQVXVDJUDGHFLPLHQWRV IHOLFLWDFLRQHVTXHMDV\FRQIOLFWRV HV XQD IRUPD HQ OD TXH GHVDUUROODUiQ VXV FDSDFLGDGHV GH FRPXQLFDFLyQ \


49

UHODFLyQDSUHQGHUiQDHPSDWL]DUFRQORVGHPiV\VHUiQPiVDVHUWLYRV(VWDQLPSRUWDQWHH[SUHVDUHPRFLRQHV\VLWXDFLRQHVSRVLWLYDVFRPRQHJDWLYDV

(Q HO DXOD VH SXHGHQ SRQHU GRV EX]RQHV HQ ORV TXH HO DOXPQDGR SXHGD GHSRVLWDU VXVPHQVDMHV SDUD TXH SXHGDQ VHU H[SUHVDGRV \ FRPSDUWLGRV FRQ ORV GHPiV 8QR VHUi HOEX]yQ GHO ELHQHVWDU \ HO RWUR HO GHOPDOHVWDU 'XUDQWH XQD VHPDQD XQD YH] DO GtD VHDEULUiQORVEX]RQHVSDUDTXHVXVPHQVDMHVVHDQOHtGRVH[SUHVDGRV\FRPSDUWLGRVFRQORVGHPiV /D H[SUHVLyQ \ FRQFLHQFLD HPRFLRQDO HV XQ SDVR SUHYLR SDUD EXVFDU VROXFLRQHVFRQMXQWDV

(OHQIDGR

(O HQIDGR HV XQD HPRFLyQ TXH GHEH H[SUHVDUVH GH IRUPDDSURSLDGDQRGH IRUPD LPSXOVLYD\DTXHHVRFRQOOHYDDXQDIDOWDGHUHJXODFLyQHPRFLRQDO

(V LPSRUWDQWH TXH ORV DOXPQRV \ DOXPQDV VHDQ FDSDFHV GHUHFRQRFHU FXiQGR\HQTXpVLWXDFLRQHVPDQLILHVWDQHOHQIDGRDVtFRPRSURSRQHUHVWUDWHJLDVSDUDVXUHJXODFLyQ

(VWD DFWLYLGDG FRQVLVWH HQ TXH HO DOXPQDGR FRPSOHWH FXDWURPHQVDMHV LQFRPSOHWRV VHJ~Q VXV SURSLDV YLYHQFLDV \H[SHULHQFLDV

3DUDHOORGHEHQUHIOH[LRQDUGHIRUPDLQGLYLGXDO

0HHQIDGRFRQORVGHPiVFXDQGR

&XDQGRPHHQIDGRQRWRTXHPLFXHUSR

&XDQGRORVGHPiVPHPXHVWUDQVXHQIDGRPHVLHQWR

&XDQGRPHHQIDGR

3RVWHULRUPHQWHVHFRPSDUWLUiQORVPHQVDMHVFRPSOHWDGRVHQSHTXHxRJUXSRSDUDGLVFXWLU\SRQHUHQFRP~QORVDVSHFWRVVHPHMDQWHV\GLIHUHQWHV

(V LQWHUHVDQWH FRQRFHU ODV DSRUWDFLRQHV GH ORV GLIHUHQWHV JUXSRV SDUD UHIOH[LRQDUFRQMXQWDPHQWH\DGRSWDUFRPSRUWDPLHQWRVTXHVHDQ~WLOHVSDUDHOJUXSR

$OILQDOVHSXHGHQUHGDFWDUPHQVDMHVHQORVTXHVHVLQWHWLFHQODVLGHDV\DSRUWDFLRQHVGHOJUXSRFODVHFRPRSRUHMHPSOR


50

7RGDSHUVRQDVHSXHGHHQIDGDUFXDQGR

3DUDUHJXODUODHPRFLyQGHHQIDGRVHSXHGH

&XDQGRORVGHPiVPHH[SUHVDQVXHQIDGR\R

/DUHFHWDHPRFLRQDO

(Q HVWD DFWLYLGDG FDGD DOXPQR GHEH LPDJLQDUVH TXH HV FRFLQHUR \ GHEH HVFRJHU GH ORVVLJXLHQWHVLQJUHGLHQWHVHPRFLRQDOHVXQFRQMXQWRGHHPRFLRQHVTXH IRUPDUiQSDUWHGHVXUHFHWDIHOLFLGDGWULVWH]DWUDQTXLOLGDGYHUJHQ]DSDVLyQLOXVLyQUDELDDVFRDPRUHVSHUDQ]D PLHGR DOHJUtD (V LQWHUHVDQWH TXH FRQWHVWHQ LQGLYLGXDOPHQWH D HVWDVSUHJXQWDV

3RUTXpKDVHVFRJLGRHVWRVLQJUHGLHQWHV\QRRWURV"

6LWXYLHUDVTXHHODERUDUXQDUHFHWDSDUDRWUDSHUVRQDDTXLHQHOHJLUtDV"3RUTXp"

4XpLQJUHGLHQWHVSRGUtDVHQODUHFHWD"3RUTXp"

&RPSDUWHWXUHFHWDFRQORVGHPiV\MXVWLILFDODHOHFFLyQGHLQJUHGLHQWHVTXHKDVKHFKR

/DGXFKD

8QDSURSXHVWDTXHD\XGDDIDYRUHFHUHOELHQHVWDUItVLFR\PHQWDOGHORVQLxRV\QLxDVHVPHGLDQWHODSUiFWLFDGHOPDVDMH(OPDVDMHHVWDPELpQXQDEXHQDSUiFWLFDSDUDIRUWDOHFHUYtQFXORVDIHFWLYRVFRQXQRPLVPR\FRQORVGHPiV\GHVDUUROODUXQDEXHQDDXWRHVWLPD

(VWDDFWLYLGDGFRQVLVWHHQUHSURGXFLUGLIHUHQWHVPDVDMHVFRPRVLHOQLxRRQLxDHVWXYLHUDGXFKiQGRVH 3ULPHUR HO PDVDMH GH OD GXFKD HV HQVHxDGR SRU HO SURIHVRU SDUD TXHGHVSXpVSXHGHQUHDOL]DUORORVDOXPQRVHQWUHHOORVRELHQSUDFWLFiUVHORDVtPLVPRV(VWRVVRQORVSDVRVSDUDUHSURGXFLUXQDGXFKDPHGLDQWHHOPDVDMH

/RVGHGRVGHODVPDQRVVHPXHYHQSRUWRGRHOFXHUSRFRPRVLIXHUDQJRWDVGHDJXDHODJXD

0DVDMHVFRQWRGDODSDOPDGHODVPDQRV\KDFLHQGRPRYLPLHQWRVURWDWLYRVHQMDERQDGR

/RVGHGRVGHODVPDQRVVHPXHYHQFRPRVLIXHUDQJRWDVGHDJXDHODJXD


51

/DVPDQRVDELHUWDVWRFDQGRHOFXHUSRFRPRVLIXHVHXQDWRDOODVHFDGR

/DVPDQRVDELHUWDVUHDOL]DQGRPRYLPLHQWRVDVFHQGHQWHV\GHVFHQGHQWHVFRPRVLSXVLpUDPRVFUHPDFRUSRUDO

8QDEUD]RRDXWRDEUD]RFRPRVLIXHUDHODOERUQR]

(OSURIHVRURSURIHVRUDSUHJXQWDUiDORVDOXPQRVFyPRVHVLHQWHQTXpOHVKDJXVWDGRTXpQROHVKDJXVWDGRWDQWR\OHVDQLPDUiDTXHSXHGDQSUDFWLFDUORFRQVXVVHUHVTXHULGRV

/DFDMDGHORVDIHFWRV

/DFDMDGH ORVDIHFWRVHVXQDSURSXHVWDTXHD\XGDDGHVSOHJDUHVWUDWHJLDVGHUHODFLyQ\DSUR[LPDFLyQKDFLDXQRPLVPR\KDFLD ORVGHPiVGHVDUUROODQGRSUiFWLFDVFRPXQLFDWLYDVYHUEDOHV\QRYHUEDOHVDVtFRPRSRWHQFLDQGRXQDEXHQDDXWRHVWLPD

(O SURIHVRU PRVWUDUi XQD FDMD GHFRUDGD FRQ WRQRV FODURV \ DWUDFWLYRV \ HQ HOOD VHGHSRVLWDUiQ WRGDV ODV SRVLEOHV PDQHUDV GH PRVWUDU DIHFWRV (VWR VH SXHGH KDFHUGHSRVLWDQGRPHQVDMHVHVFULWRVIRWRJUDItDVREMHWRVHWF/DFDMDVHDEULUiHQORVPRPHQWRVHQTXHVHQHFHVLWHWUDVPLWLUPXHVWUDVGHDIHFWRHVWLPDFLyQ\FDULxRDDOJXLHQ

'HILHQGHWXVGHUHFKRV

(QHVWDDFWLYLGDGORVQLxRV\QLxDVLGHQWLILFDUiQORVFRPSRUWDPLHQWRVDVHUWLYRVDJUHVLYRV\VXPLVRV(QSULPHUOXJDUHOSURIHVRUSHGLUiDORVDOXPQRVTXHEXVTXHQLQIRUPDFLyQVREUHORV FRQFHSWRV DVHUWLYR DJUHVLYR \ VXPLVR 3DUD HOOR SXHGHQ SUHJXQWDU EXVFDULQIRUPDFLyQSRU,QWHUQHWFRQVXOWDUOLEURVHWF

3RVWHULRUPHQWH VH H[SRQH HQ JUDQ JUXSR OD GHILQLFLyQ GH FDGD FRQFHSWR SDUD FRPSDUWLUHQWUHWRGRVHOPLVPRVLJQLILFDGR(QSHTXHxRVJUXSRVGHWUDEDMRORVDOXPQRVWHQGUiQTXHEXVFDUHMHPSORVGHORVWUHVWLSRVGHFRPSRUWDPLHQWR\JHQHUDUXQDOLVWDGHHOORV

)LQDOPHQWH VH SRQHQ HQ SUiFWLFD SRU SDUHMDV XQD GHODQWH GH OD RWUD FDGD XQR GH ORVFRPSRUWDPLHQWRVTXHKDQGLFKRORVGHPiVJUXSRV\HVWRVGHEHQFODVLILFDUORVVHJ~QVHDXQFRPSRUWDPLHQWR DJUHVLYR VXPLVR R DVHUWLYR 3RU HMHPSOR PLUDUVH D ORV RMRV DO KDEODUDVHUWLYRFKLOODUDJUHVLYRREDMDUODFDEH]DVXPLVR

8QD YH] YLYHQFLDGR D QLYHO GH JUXSR HV LQWHUHVDQWH FRQRFHU FyPR VH KDQ VHQWLGR ORVDOXPQRV DQWH ORV WUHV WLSRV GH FRPSRUWDPLHQWR \ YDORUDU ORV FRPSRUWDPLHQWRV PiVSRVLWLYRVSDUDODVUHODFLRQHVVRFLDOHV\ODDXWRHVWLPD


52

$IHFWRV

(QHVWDSURSXHVWD ORV DOXPQRVH[SUHVDUiQ VXV VHQWLPLHQWRV \ HPRFLRQHVSRVLWLYDVD ORVFRPSDxHURV\FRPSDxHUDVGHFODVH(V LPSRUWDQWHSRWHQFLDUHOHVIXHU]R\ OD LPSOLFDFLyQSDUDSDUWLFLSDUHQHVWHWLSRGHDFWLYLGDGHV(OSURIHVRUSURFXUDUiWDPELpQTXHHQWUHHOORVHVWpQORVDOXPQRVPHQRVSRSXODUHVRLQFOXVRUHFKD]DGRVSRUSDUWHGHOJUXSR

6HRUJDQL]DHOJUXSRSRUSDUHMDVDHVFRJHUSRUHODOXPQDGR7RGRVWHQGUiQXQDSDUHMD6HKDFHQGRVFtUFXORVXQFtUFXORLQWHULRU\XQFtUFXORH[WHULRUHQHOTXHODVSDUHMDVHVWiQXQDDOIUHQWHGHODRWUD3ULPHURHPSLH]DHOFtUFXORH[WHULRUGXUDQWHVHJXQGRVWHQHPRVTXHGHFLUOHD ODSHUVRQDTXH WHQHPRVGHODQWH WRGR ORTXHVHQWLPRVSRVLWLYDPHQWHKDFLDHOOD/DRWUDSHUVRQDVRORHVFXFKDQRKDEOD

El masaje es tambin una buena prctica para fortalecer vnculos afectivos con uno mismo y con los dems y

desarrollar una buena autoestima.

3RVWHULRUPHQWH WUDQVFXUULGRV ORV VHJXQGRV OD RWUD SHUVRQD SXHGH DJUDGHFHUOHGLFLpQGROHJUDFLDVGiQGROHXQDSUHWyQGHPDQRVXQDEUD]RHWFORVPHQVDMHVSRVLWLYRVUHFLELGRV'HVSXpVVH UHDOL]DUi ORPLVPRGDQGRWXUQRDOFtUFXOR LQWHULRU /RVGRVFtUFXORVURWDUiQ FRQ OD ILQDOLGDG GH TXH VH HQFXHQWUHQ RWUDV SDUHMDV \ VH UHSLWD HO SURFHVR (VLQWHUHVDQWH FRQRFHU FyPR VH KDQ VHQWLGR ORV DOXPQRV TXpPHQVDMHV KDQ UHFLELGR TXpFRPSDxHURRFRPSDxHUDOHVKDVRUSUHQGLGRHWF

/DUDGLR

(VWD DFWLYLGDG D\XGD D GHVDUUROODU KDELOLGDGHV GH HVFXFKD HPSiWLFD D LGHQWLILFDU \UHFRQRFHUVHQWLPLHQWRV\HPRFLRQHVGHORVGHPiV\DHVWDEOHFHUFRPXQLFDFLyQVRFLDO/RVDOXPQRV VHSRQHQSRU SDUHMDV \ VH VLHQWDQGHHVSDOGDV (O SURIHVRU LQGLFDUiTXHGHEHQVLPXODU XQD UDGLR &RPR VL HVWXYLHUDQ HQ XQ SURJUDPD UDGLRIyQLFR QR SXHGHQ YHUVH QLPLUDUVHVRORKDEODU\HVFXFKDU

8QDYH]RUJDQL]DGDVODVSDUHMDVGHEHQDFRUGDUXQWHPDTXHVHDFRQWURYHUWLGRRSROpPLFR8QDGHODVGRVSHUVRQDVKDUiGHORFXWRUGHUDGLR\HORWURGHR\HQWH(OORFXWRUVHOLPLWDDFRPXQLFDUODQRWLFLD\HOR\HQWHDHVFXFKDU

(OR\HQWHVRORLQWHUYHQGUiFXDQGRHOORFXWRUOHGpSHUPLVRSDUDKDFHUORFRPRLQYLWDGRGHODWHUWXOLD 3RVWHULRUPHQWH VH LQWHUFDPELDUiQ ORV UROHV ([SRQHPRV DOJXQDV SUHJXQWDV DUHIOH[LRQDUSRUSDUHMDV\HQJUDQJUXSR


53

4XpUROWHKDJXVWDGRPiV"3RUTXp"4XpQRWHKDJXVWDGRGHORWURURO"

&yPRWHVLHQWHVFXDQGRWHKDEODQVLQPLUDUWH\DOQRSRGHUYHUORVJHVWRVGHODRWUDSHUVRQD"

4XpWHFXHVWDPiVHVFXFKDURKDEODU"3RUTXp"

4XLpQVR\\TXLpQHUHV

$ WUDYpV GH HVWD DFWLYLGDG VH IDYRUHFH HO FRQRFLPLHQWR GH XQRPLVPR \ GH ORV GHPiVLGHQWLILFDU \ UHFRQRFHU ODV HPRFLRQHV SURSLDV \ DMHQDV FRPXQLFDU \ GLDORJDU FRQ ORVFRPSDxHURV\FRPSDxHUDVGHFODVH

(VWDDFWLYLGDGWLHQHXQUHTXLVLWRSUHYLR&DGDDOXPQRRDOXPQDGHODFODVHGHEHHVFRJHUWUHV REMHWRV SHUVRQDOHV TXH D\XGHQ D LGHQWLILFDUOH FRPR SHUVRQD 3XHGHQ VHU REMHWRVIDYRULWRVUHFXHUGRVFRVDVGHXVRFRWLGLDQRHWF&DGDDOXPQRWUDHUiXQDFDMDFRQVXVWUHVREMHWRV3DUDHOORQRSXHGHQYHUTXLpQGHSRVLWDODFDMLWDGHQWURGHXQDJUDQFDMD

/RVDOXPQRVVHVLHQWDQHQFtUFXOR\YDQVDFDQGRFDGDXQDGHODVFDMLWDV&DGDXQRDEULUiXQD \ UHVSHWDQGR HO WXUQR LUi GHVFULELHQGR ORV REMHWRV TXH HVWiQ HQ OD FDMD \ GLUi HOQRPEUHGHXQDSRVLEOHSHUVRQDTXHVHDVHPHMHHQVXSHUILOGHVFULSWLYR3RUHMHPSOR$HVWDSHUVRQDOHJXVWDVHGHEHVHQWLUFUHRTXHSXHGHVHU8QDYH]GLFKRHOQRPEUHORVGHPiVSXHGHQRSLQDU

$VtVHKDUiFRQFDGDXQDGHODVFDMLWDVSDUDTXHILQDOPHQWHFDGDSHUVRQDGHVFXEUDFXiOHVODVX\D\SRUTXpKDHVFRJLGRGLFKRVREMHWRV6LVHTXLHUHVHSXHGHXWLOL]DUOiSL]\SDSHOSDUD UHFRJHU HQ IRUPD GH OLVWD ORV SRVLEOHV SURSLHWDULRV GH ODV FDMLWDV (V LQWHUHVDQWHLQWHUFDPELDUODVSURSLDVHPRFLRQHV\YLYHQFLDVHQODUHDOL]DFLyQGHHVWDDFWLYLGDG

/DDGROHVFHQFLD\ODVH[SHULHQFLDVHPRFLRQDOHV

'HOPLVPRPRGRTXHHQHVWHGRFXPHQWRKDFHPRVUHIHUHQFLDDODLPSRUWDQFLDGHODQLxH]ODDGROHVFHQFLDHVXQDHWDSDHYROXWLYDTXHGHEHVHUUHFRQRFLGDFRPSUHQGLGD\DFHSWDGDSRU ORV DGXOWRV /RV DGROHVFHQWHV QHFHVLWDQ D ORV DGXOWRV SDUD FRQVWUXLUVH LQWHJUDOPHQWHFRPRSHUVRQDV\SDUDVXSUHSDUDFLyQSDUDODYLGDLQGHSHQGLHQWH

&RQ HVWDV OtQHDV SUHWHQGHPRV GDU D FRQRFHU OD DGROHVFHQFLD FRPR XQ SURFHVR TXH VHHQFXHQWUDHQWUHODLQIDQFLD\ODYLGDDGXOWD(VXQSHUtRGRSDUDDSUHQGHUDFRQYHUWLUVHHQDGXOWRQRSDUDFRQYHUWLUVHHQXQDGROHVFHQWHFRQp[LWR3RUHOORQRVUHIHULUHPRVDDOJXQRVDVSHFWRV TXH YLYH HO DGROHVFHQWH \ TXH QHFHVLWDQ GHO DSR\R GH TXLpQ OH URGHD \ GH ODHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO


54

/D DGROHVFHQFLD HV VtQWRPD GH LQHVWDELOLGDG HPRFLRQDO (Q HVD HGDG ORV MyYHQHV SDVDQV~ELWDPHQWH GH OD GHVHVSHUDFLyQ D OD HXIRULD GHO HQDPRUDPLHQWR D OD FXOSD GHODEXUULPLHQWRDODH[FLWDFLyQ/DVHPRFLRQHVHVWiQHQFRQVWDQWHFDPELR\VLQRVHOHVD\XGDDUHJXODUODVODVFRQGXFWDVSXHGHQUHVXOWDULPSXOVLYDV\GHVFRQWURODGDV

(ODGROHVFHQWHVHFLHUUDHQVtPLVPRVHYXHOYHHJRFpQWULFRHVWiWDQSUHRFXSDGRSRUVXSURSLDSHUVRQDTXHWLHQGHFRQIUHFXHQFLDDQRFRQVLGHUDUODSHUVSHFWLYDDMHQD7RGRVHVWRVFRQVWLWX\HQDVSHFWRVTXHGDxDQVXVUHODFLRQHVVRFLDOHV\VXDXWRHVWLPD

(ODGROHVFHQWHWDPELpQGHEHDVXPLUVXQXHYD LPDJHQFRUSRUDOGHVDUUROODU ODVGLIHUHQWHVGLPHQVLRQHVGHVX LGHQWLGDGDFHSWDU H[SHULPHQWDU\ UHJXODU VX VH[XDOLGDGDSUHQGHUDXWLOL]DU FRQ IOH[LELOLGDG VXV QXHYDV FDSDFLGDGHV FRJQLWLYDV DIURQWDU OD SUHVLyQ GH ORVFRPSDxHURV \ OD SUHVLyQ HVFRODU 'HEH SRQHU D SUXHED VX FDSDFLGDG GH DIURQWDPLHQWRFRVDQDGDIiFLO3RUWRGRHOORHODGXOWRQRGHEHGHVYLQFXODUVHGHODGROHVFHQWH\DTXHHVWHD~QORQHFHVLWD

La adolescencia es un perodo para aprender a convertirse en adulto, no para convertirse en un

adolescente con xito.

(VEDVWDQWHIUHFXHQWH\GLItFLOILMDUOtPLWHVDORVDGROHVFHQWHV\DTXHVRQFRQVFLHQWHVTXHRWURVGHVXPLVPDHGDGJR]DQGHPD\RUHVOLEHUWDGHVTXHHOORV/RVOtPLWHVFRQWULEX\HQDTXH ORVDGROHVFHQWHVFRQR]FDQVXVREMHWLYRVSDUDHQFDPLQDUVXVHVIXHU]RV\DFFLRQHV\ORVDGXOWRVGHEHQD\XGDUOHVDPDUFDUXQRVREMHWLYRVUHDOLVWDV\FRQVWUXFWLYRVSDUDTXHORVDGROHVFHQWHVVHVLHQWDQDXWyQRPRVUHVSRQVDEOHV\FRQVLGHUDGRV

$Vt SXHV HV QHFHVDULR TXH DSUHQGDQ D XWLOL]DU VXV FRPSHWHQFLDV HPRFLRQDOHV \ TXH HODGXOWR HVWp D VX ODGR DQWH ORVPRPHQWRV GH FULVLV \ YXOQHUDELOLGDG DXQTXH HQ DOJXQRVPRPHQWRVVLHQWDTXHHODGROHVFHQWHORUHFKD]D\PXHVWUHGHVFRQILDQ]DKDFLDpO(QHVWHVHQWLGRORVSDGUHV\HOSURIHVRUDGRMXHJDQXQSDSHOPX\LPSRUWDQWHSDUDDVHJXUDUTXHHODGROHVFHQWH VH FRQYLHUWD HQ XQ DGXOWR HPRFLRQDOPHQWH LQWHOLJHQWH VLQ SDVDU SRU DOWR HORIUHFHUOHDPRUKXPRUOtPLWHV\FRPXQLFDFLyQ

3DUD PiV LQIRUPDFLyQ VREUH SURJUDPDV GH HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO FHQWUDGRV HQ ODDGROHVFHQFLD FRQVXOWDU HO DSDUWDGR 6($/ HQ HGXFDFLyQ VHFXQGDULD GH (62 GHOFDStWXORGHHVWH LQIRUPH,PSOHPHQWDFLyQGHHQIRTXHVJOREDOHVHQHO3URJUDPD6($/6RFLDO DQG (PRWLRQDO $VSHFWV RI /HDUQLQJ GHO 5HLQR 8QLGR $VLPLVPR SDUD DPSOLDUFRQRFLPLHQWRV VREUH HO $6( HQ ODV DXODV FRQVXOWDU HO FDStWXOR 5HIHUHQFLDVELEOLRJUiILFDVSDUDODSUiFWLFD


55

%LEOLRJUDItD

%LVTXHUUD5(GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO\ELHQHVWDU%DUFHORQD3UD[LV%LVTXHUUD5&RRUG/DHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOHQODSUiFWLFD%DUFHORQD,FH+RUVRUL%LVTXHUUD5&RRUG(GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO3URSXHVWDVSDUDHGXFDGRUHV\IDPLOLDV%LOEDR

'HVFOpHGH%URZHU&DUSHQD$(GXFDFLyQVRFLRHPRFLRQDOHQODHWDSDGHSULPDULD%DUFHORQD2FWDHGUR(OLDV0-7RELDV6()ULHGODQGHU%6(GXFDUFRQLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO%DUFHORQD3OD]D

-DQpV(OLDV0- 7RELDV 6( )ULHGODQGHU %6 (GXFDU DGROHVFHQWHV FRQ LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO

%DUFHORQD3OD]D-DQpV*HOO 0 0XxR] - 'HVFRQyFHWH D WL PLVPR 3URJUDPD GH DOIDEHWL]DFLyQ HPRFLRQDO

%DUFHORQD3DLGyV*HOO 0 0XxR] - (GXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO 3URJUDPD SDUD OD HGXFDFLyQ VHFXQGDULD

SRVWREOLJDWRULD0DGULG:ROWHUV.OXZHU*ROHPDQ',QWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDO%DUFHORQD.DLUyV*yPH]-(GXFDFLyHPRFLRQDOLOOHQJXDWJHHQHOPDUFGHOHVFROD%DUFHORQD5RVD6HQVDW/ySH]&DVVj((GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO3URJUDPDSDUDDxRV0DGULG:ROWHUV.OXZHU/ySH]&DVVj ( (GXFDU ODV HPRFLRQHV HQ OD LQIDQFLD GH D DxRV 5HIOH[LRQHV \

SURSXHVWDVSUiFWLFDV0DGULG:ROWHUV.OXZHU3DVFXDO9&XDGUDGR0&RRUGV(GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO3URJUDPDGHDFWLYLGDGHVSDUDOD

(GXFDFLyQ6HFXQGjULD2EOLJDWzULD%DUFHORQD3UD[LV3DORX66HQWLU\FUHFHU(OFUHFLPLHQWRHPRFLRQDOHQODLQIDQFLD%DUFHORQD*UDy5HQRP$&RRUG(GXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDO3URJUDPDSDUDODHGXFDFLyQSULPDULD%DUFHORQD3UD[LV6KDSLUR/(/DLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOGHORVQLxRV%DUFHORQD(GLFLRQHV%6HJXUD 0 $UFDV 0 (GXFDU ODV HPRFLRQHV \ ORV VHQWLPLHQWRV ,QWURGXFFLyQ SUiFWLFD DO

FRPSOHMRPXQGRGHORVVHQWLPLHQWRV0DGULG1DUFHD9DOOpV$UDQGLJD$/DLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOGHORVKLMRV&yPRGHVDUUROODUOD0DGULG(26

EL APRENDIZAJE SOCIAL Y EMOCIONAL EN EL MUNDO JUAN CARLOS PREZ-GONZLEZ

56

5HYLVLyQGHODSUHQGL]DMHVRFLDO\HPRFLRQDOHQHOPXQGR

-XDQ&DUORV3pUH]*RQ]iOH]

/D,OXVWUDFLyQVLJQLILFDHODOHMDPLHQWRGHOKRPEUHGHVXLQPDGXUH]DXWRSURYRFDGD,QPDGXUH]HVODLQFDSDFLGDGGHXVDUODSURSLDUD]yQVLQODJXtDGHRWUDSHUVRQD(VWD

LQPDGXUH]HVDXWRSURYRFDGDFXDQGRVXFDXVDQRHVODIDOWDGHLQWHOLJHQFLDVLQRODIDOWDGHGHFLVLyQRGHYDORUSDUDSHQVDUVLQD\XGDDMHQD6DSHUHDXGHHVSRUFRQVLJXLHQWHHOOHPD

GHOD,OXVWUDFLyQ,QPDQXHO.DQW4XpHVOD,OXVWUDFLyQ"

,QWURGXFFLyQ

(OQLYHOGHULTXH]DHFRQyPLFDGHORVSDtVHVFXDQWLILFDGRSRULQGLFDGRUHVFRPRHOSURGXFWRLQWHULRU EUXWR 3,% HVWi HQ JUDQ SDUWH DVRFLDGR FRQ ODV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GH VX FDSLWDOKXPDQR\PiVFRQFUHWDPHQWHGHVXFDSLWDOFRJQLWLYRPHGLGRSRUHMHPSORSRUWHVWVHVWDQGDUL]DGRV GH LQWHOLJHQFLD JHQHUDO R SRU UHVXOWDGRV HQ HYDOXDFLRQHV GH UHQGLPLHQWRDFDGpPLFRFRPR3,6$3pUH]*RQ]iOH]HWDO

6LQ HPEDUJR HOPHUR GHVDUUROOR HFRQyPLFR GH ORV SDtVHV QR SDUHFH VHU XQ REMHWLYR GHSURJUHVRVXILFLHQWHTXHFRQWHQWHD ORVFLXGDGDQRVGHKR\HQGtD\DVtVHGHVSUHQGHGHOKHFKRGHTXH UHFLHQWHPHQWHVHYLHQH UHLYLQGLFDQGRGHVGHGLVWLQWRVSXQWRVGHOJORER ODGHGLFDFLyQGH ORVRUJDQLVPRV LQWHUQDFLRQDOHVDSURPRYHUHO LQFUHPHQWRGH ORVQLYHOHVGHELHQHVWDURGHIHOLFLGDGGHORVSDtVHV%DUWROLQL0DUNV


57

'HO PLVPR PRGR TXH OD LQWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO GH ORV LQGLYLGXRV SDUHFH FRQWULEXLU D ODPHMRUDGHVXELHQHVWDU\VDOXGPHQWDO0DUWLQVHWDO3HWULGHVHWDOUHVXOWDYHURVtPLOTXHHOQLYHOGHLQWHOLJHQFLDHPRFLRQDOPHGLRGHORVSDtVHVSXHGDHVWDUDVRFLDGRDOPHQRVSDUFLDOPHQWHFRQHOGHELHQHVWDURIHOLFLGDGPDQLIHVWDGRSRUVXVFLXGDGDQRV

%DMRHVWDKLSyWHVLVDTXHOORVSDtVHVTXHSURPXHYDQODHGXFDFLyQHPRFLRQDOSRGUtDQHVWDUJHQHUDQGRXQ HIHFWRGRPLQy VREUH ORVQLYHOHV GHPRWLYDFLyQ DXWRFRQWURO \ELHQHVWDU RIHOLFLGDG GH OD FLXGDGDQtD TXH VH DSUHFLDUD LQFOXVR D HVFDOD GH QDFLRQHV $ VX YH] ODLQYHUVLyQ HQ HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO WDPELpQ KLSRWpWLFDPHQWH SRGUtD UHGXQGDU HQ XQDPHMRUDGHODFDOLGDG\ODSURGXFWLYLGDGGHORVUHFXUVRVKXPDQRVGHOSDtVFRPRKDOOHJDGRDVXJHULU-DPHV+HFNPDQ3UHPLR1REHOGH(FRQRPtD+HFNPDQ\0DVWHURY

Los pases que promuevan la educacin emocional podran estar generando un efecto domin sobre los niveles de motivacin,

autocontrol y bienestar de la ciudadana.

(Q FXDOTXLHU FDVR OD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ KDVWD OD IHFKD VXJLHUH TXH VLQ XQ SODQ H[SOtFLWR GHLQWHUYHQFLyQ HQ HGXFDFLyQ HPRFLRQDO SDUHFH TXH ORV HIHFWRV GH OD HVFXHOD VREUH HOGHVDUUROORGHYDULDEOHVVRFLRDIHFWLYDVFRPRSRUHMHPSORODDXWRHVWLPDVRQSUiFWLFDPHQWHQXORV 0XULOOR \ +HUQiQGH] (VWR QR HV GH H[WUDxDU GDGR TXH D

Como Educar Las Emociones La Inteligencia Emocional en La Infancia y La Adolescencia

Documents

Transcript of Como Educar Las Emociones La Inteligencia Emocional en La Infancia y La Adolescencia