Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet
description
Transcript of Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet
![Page 1: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students?
Joanna Karet
February 14, 2013
![Page 2: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The background for this research
![Page 3: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Is it the two-year college itself that is limiting
student success?
![Page 5: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Formal research question:Do students who begin at two-year
colleges achieve less academic success than otherwise similar students who
begin at four-year colleges?
![Page 6: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What does previous research indicate?
• Clark (1960, 1980) -- two-year colleges are counterproductive in the overall educational achievement of students and cause “cooling out”
![Page 7: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What does previous research indicate?
• Brint and Karabel (1989) -- the dream of education as a route to upward mobility, as well as the ideal of equal educational opportunity for all, are both seriously threatened by the community college.
![Page 8: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What does previous research indicate?
• Dougherty (1994) -- "Is it an avenue of opportunity for its many working-class, minority and female students, or is it a blind alley blocking off equality?"
![Page 9: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Measures of “academic success”• (1) whether a student remains
continuously enrolled throughout college
• (2) total number of semesters a student successfully completes
• (3) highest degree, if any, a student obtains
![Page 11: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Matching variables• (1) gender• (2) ethnicity• (3) mother's highest level of education• (4) father's highest level of education• (5) total family income during the
student's eighth grade year• (6) the student's own predictions of
how far he or she will go in post secondary education, made while a senior in high school.
![Page 12: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Brief Methodology Overview• Six digit index variables (for example 115613)• Gender
– 1 = male– 2 = female
• Mother’s level of education– 1 = less than high school education – 2 = high school graduate– 3 = AA / AS / Junior College / College less than four years – 4 = BA / BS – 5 = Master’s degree – 6 = PhD, MD, JD
![Page 13: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Example index variable 115613– Tells us this is a male, Hispanic, etc…
• Match max. number of students possible– If 5 students from the two-year group have
the index variable 115613– And 3 students from the four-year group
have the index variable 115613– Then 3 pairs were matched with this index
variable
![Page 14: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
How many students were involved?
• 9,875 students available• 6,022 after cleaning for my
six variables• 1,553 matches for a total of
3,106 students.
![Page 16: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Highest Degree Attained
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
No degree Certificate AA/AS BA/BS MA/MS PhD/Prof
Degree
Perc
enta
ge o
f Stu
dent
s
Begin at Two Year Begin at Four Year
![Page 17: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Years of Full Time Enrollment
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
Less than 1 1 to 2 2 or More
Total Years
Perc
enta
ge o
f Stu
dent
s
Begin at Two Year Begin at Four Year
![Page 18: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Continuity of Enrollment
0.00%
20.00%
40.00%
60.00%
80.00%
100.00%
120.00%
Continuous Breaks
Continuously Enrolled vs. Breaks in Enrollment
Perc
enta
ge o
f Stu
dent
s
Begin at Two Year Begin at Four Year
![Page 19: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
What does this tell us?
• On these variables, two year students do not achieve at the same level as their four year peers, even when matched on important background variables
![Page 20: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
What doesn’t this tell us?
• Why not?• What are we doing to influence the
culture of success at our institutions both positively and negatively?
![Page 21: Community Colleges: Opening or Closing Doors for Students? Joanna Karet](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062323/56815c71550346895dca85f7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
How do we create a culture of success?