Communism + Socialism By Farwa,Tommy, Jessie. Karl Marx Father of Communism.
Communism in Crisis: 1976 - 1989 Mr. Kuzmich IB Global Studies.
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Transcript of Communism in Crisis: 1976 - 1989 Mr. Kuzmich IB Global Studies.
Communism in Communism in Crisis: Crisis:
1976 - 19891976 - 1989
Mr. KuzmichMr. Kuzmich
IB Global StudiesIB Global Studies
China after Mao ZedongChina after Mao Zedong
The struggle for power following The struggle for power following Mao’s deathMao’s death
Hua GuofengHua Guofeng
Re-emergence of Deng XiaopingRe-emergence of Deng Xiaoping
Defeat of the Gang of FourDefeat of the Gang of Four
The struggle for power The struggle for power following Mao’s deathfollowing Mao’s death
Mao passed away Mao passed away on September 9, on September 9, 19761976
Power struggle for Power struggle for control of Chinacontrol of China
The struggle for power The struggle for power following Mao’s deathfollowing Mao’s death
Left – Gang of Four - militantLeft – Gang of Four - militant– Continue policy of revolutionary Continue policy of revolutionary
mass mobilizationmass mobilization
– Jiang Qing, Yao Wenyuan, Zhang Jiang Qing, Yao Wenyuan, Zhang Chunqiao, and Wang HongwenChunqiao, and Wang Hongwen
– Chen Boda and Lin Biao - associatesChen Boda and Lin Biao - associates
The struggle for power The struggle for power following Mao’s deathfollowing Mao’s death
Reformers - PragmatistsReformers - Pragmatists– Led by Deng XiaopingLed by Deng Xiaoping
– wanted to overhaul the Chinese wanted to overhaul the Chinese economy based on market-oriented economy based on market-oriented policies and to de-emphasize the policies and to de-emphasize the role of Maoist ideology in role of Maoist ideology in determining economic and political determining economic and political policy. policy.
The struggle for power The struggle for power following Mao’s deathfollowing Mao’s death
Center-right wing Center-right wing (restorationists)(restorationists)
Hua GuofengHua Guofeng– Opposed the policies of Opposed the policies of
revolutionary mass mobilizationrevolutionary mass mobilization– Return to centralized planning Return to centralized planning
based on the Soviet modelbased on the Soviet model
Hua GuofengHua Guofeng Credited for quickly ousting the Credited for quickly ousting the
Gang of FourGang of Four Emergence marked the end of Emergence marked the end of
the Cultural Revolutionthe Cultural Revolution Denounced for promoting the Denounced for promoting the
Two Whatevers policyTwo Whatevers policy "We will resolutely uphold "We will resolutely uphold
whatever policy decisions whatever policy decisions Chairman Mao made, and Chairman Mao made, and unswervingly follow whatever unswervingly follow whatever instructions Chairman Mao gave"instructions Chairman Mao gave"
Defeat of the Gang of Defeat of the Gang of FourFour
The "Gang" had arranged for Deng The "Gang" had arranged for Deng Xiaoping's purge in April 1976 Xiaoping's purge in April 1976
Hua won the Army to his sideHua won the Army to his side Blamed the Gang of Four for the Blamed the Gang of Four for the
excesses of the Cultural excesses of the Cultural Revolution and had them arrestedRevolution and had them arrested
Put on a “show trial” in 1981 and Put on a “show trial” in 1981 and imprisonedimprisoned
New Politburo - 1977New Politburo - 1977 ““Unity, stability, and Unity, stability, and
cooperation”cooperation”
Chairman Hua – supported by Chairman Hua – supported by nine membersnine members
Rehabilitated Deng Xiaoping – Rehabilitated Deng Xiaoping – supported by nine memberssupported by nine members
General Ye Jianying – supported General Ye Jianying – supported by three membersby three members
Two Whatevers PolicyTwo Whatevers Policy
““We will resolutely We will resolutely uphold whatever policy uphold whatever policy decisions Chairman decisions Chairman Mao made, and Mao made, and unswervingly follow unswervingly follow whatever instructions whatever instructions Chairman Mao gave.”Chairman Mao gave.”
Re-emergence ofRe-emergence ofDeng XiaopingDeng Xiaoping
Gradually gained Gradually gained control of the CCPcontrol of the CCP
Unimportance of Unimportance of official titles official titles
Political leaders Political leaders who lost a power who lost a power struggle would not struggle would not be physically be physically harmed or jailedharmed or jailed