Communication Mana in PM

H Thng Thng Tin Qun L D nNguyn Duy Long, Th.S. & Luu Truong Van, Th.S.05/2004

(c) Nguyen Duy Long & Luu Truong Van 2004

T Gii ThiuGing vin Khoa KT Xy Dng (4/00-), i Hc Bch Khoa TP.HCM

Kinh Nghim v hc thut:Nghin Cu Sinh Tin S (8/04-), ngnh Qun L K Thut v D n, i Hc Berkeley (UC Berkeley), California, Hoa KTr L Nghin Cu Chnh/Ging Vin bn thi gian (7/03-3/04), i Hc Thnh Ph Hong Kong, Hong KongCao Hc chuyn ngnh K Thut v Qun L Xy Dng (9/01-4/03), Vin Cng Ngh Chu (AIT), Thi LanPh Phng D n (99-00), CTy Xy Lp, Tng CTy XD S 1


Ni Dung Trnh ByS cn thit ca h thng thng tin qun l d n (HTTT QLDA)Khi nim v HTTT QLDACc thuc tnh ca thng tinNhu cu thng tin ca cc i tng khc nhau trong DAYu cu phn cng v phn mm cho HTTT QLDAV d thc t v ng dng web trong QLDACc chin lc pht trin HTTT QLDA


QUALITYPeoplewareSep 11NegotiationsProcessMonitoringRiskGood-enufSecurityKuhnRecommitHarmonizeReassessDot-bombPrioritiesEthicsNetworksAgileUnpredictabilityAlertChameleonInfrastructureGO!TriageCriteriaStakeholdersChurnAmbiguityGuessingGamesToolsNon-linearTime-frameToolsO-VSLIMCOCOMOKPLANDifferencesCriteriaRisksUsersCompressionPressureStaffScheduleRisk$$ReviewsAuthorityDocumentationTestingDMACMIEEEQLDA NGY NAY!!!


Knowledge is of two kinds: We know a subject ourselves, or where can find information about it

Kin thc c hai loi: Chng ta bit mt ch th, hay chng ta bit chng ta c th tm kim thng tin u v nSamuel Johnson, 1709-1784


HTTT QLDA: S Cn ThitThng tin chnh xc v kp thi l ht sc thit yu cho vic qun l d n.Hu ht cc DA c qu nhiu d liu (data) m khng y thng tin (information) thch hp v d n ang u so vi cc mc tiu tin , chi ph, v cht lng.nh lut 80-20: thit yu th t m tm thng th nhiu (There will be the vital few and trivial many).


HTTT QLDA: S Cn ThitV th, mt h thng thu thp, sp xp v phn phi thng tin l cn thit cho mi DA.HTTT QLDA chnh xc v hon chnh phi thit lp to nn tng cho d n vn hnh.HTTT QLDA l ni lu tr nhng thng tin cn thit cho vic hoch nh, t chc, hng dn, v kim sot d n hiu qu cng nh cung cp cho cc bn lin quan (stakeholders) mt kho thng tin v tnh trng ca d n.


HTTT QLDA: nh NghaMt HTTT in t qun l chi ph, tin , hoch nh, bo co, d bo v kim sot hu ht cc kha cnh ca DA.Bao gm nhiu cng c v k nng (c bng tay ln t ng) dng thu thp, phn tch, v cung cp cc k hoch v thnh qu ca QLDA.


HTTT Trong H Thng QLDANgun: Cleland v Ireland, 2002HTTT QLDA


HTTT QLDA: Cc Loi Thng TinCh dn ca t chc hoc thng tin h trS tay QLDA, phng php QLDA Cc chnh sch, th tc, ch th v DAThng tin kinh nghim (historical information)Cc tp tin t cc DA khc cng, lun chng, h s thu ca DA trcNgn sch, tin , cc thc o thc thi k thut ca cc DA trcThng tin v DA hin thi (current project information)Tp tin c t DA hin thi nhng khng cn cn thit cho nhng cng vic ang thc hinVt liu thay thH s nhn vin cHp ng thanh l


Thng Tin: Cc Thuc Tnhng n (accurate)Chnh xc (precise)ng tin cy (reliable)Mc chi tit (level of detail)Cc ha, hnh nh, v minh ha khcTon hc v cc con s


Nhu Cu Thng Tin


Kho Kin Thc Ca DAu Vo (Thng tin ca t chc)HTTTQLDA (Luu tr kin thc)C s d liuBan DABan DA


HTTT QLDA: Gi TrNhu cu thng tin QLDA hin ti c p ng nh th no v c y khng?Cc ci tin no l cn thit h tr cc DA trong tng lai?Nhng thng tin no t cc DA hon thnh h tr cho vic hoch nh v thc thi cc DA khc?u l nhng thc tin tt nht c th rt ra v p dng cho cc DA khc?Thng tin DA c chuyn n cc phng chc nng nh th no?Nhng li ch t HTTT QLDA ci tin?Chi ph v li ch ca HTTT QLDA?

Cc cu hi cn t ra:


HTTT QLDA: Phn CngKh nng cha ca my ch ln cng vi vic lu tr d tr trng lp (off-site mirror backup)H thng kt ni tc c cao vi tt c ngi s dngLu tr thng tin cc b a phng ha d liu.


HTTT QLDA: Phn MmKh nng: H tr mt hoc nhiu DAQun l d liu cho tt c cc giai on ca DATha mn nhu cu ca nhiu i tng khc nhau: qun l, QLDA, hoch inh v ln tin , k ton DA, kim sot thay iChp nhn vic nhp d liu ca ngi s dng trn nguyn tc tc thi (real time)Thu thp thng k vic truy cp ca ngi s dng


HTTT QLDA: Phn MmBo mt c d liu v bo m vic truy cp ty theo mc trch nhim ca ngi s dngXut cc yu cu v phn cng mc chi tit khc nhauTheo c cu phn chia cng vic (WBS) thch hpC th sn lc d liu mc thp nht d liu sn cC th chn tt c nhng d liu trng lp


V D: Trang Web v QLDAA Vehicle to Communicate with Project Managers and Sponsors Thut Ng Cng NghPhng Php QLDACc M Hnh QLDAS Gim StCng C QLDA Trc TuynNgun Tham KhoLin LcCc Ti Liu Lin QuanTp San/ Thng BoCc Bi HcC S D Liu DAS Pht Trin QLDANgun: QLDA Cng ng, Bang Virgina, Hoa K


Vi D: DA Hm Hi Vn


Vi D: DA Hm Hi VnCp Nht Tin : Bng Biu


Vi D: DA Hm Hi VnCp Nht Tin : Theo Cc Mt Khc Nhau


Vi D: DA Hm Hi VnBiu Th Cp Nht Bng Primavera


Vi D: DA Hm Hi VnBiu Tin Thc Hin Tng Thng


HTTT: CHIN LC PHT TRINBa phng php pht trin cc HTTT:

Phng php vng i pht trin h thng (System Development Life Cycle Method)

Phng php pht trin phn tch cu trc (Structured Analysis Development Method)

Phng php mu h thng (System Prototype Method)


PHNG PHP VNG I PHT TRIN H THNGiu tra s b: Cng tc ny gm ba phn:

Lm r yu cu: xc nh chnh xc ngi khi sng mun h thng g.

Nghin cu kh thi: kh thi k thut, kinh t, v hot ng

Ph duyt yu cu: xc nh cc phn kh thi ca h thng v c c s chp thun cho cc cng vic k tip


PHNG PHP VNG I PHT TRIN H THNGXc nh yu cu ca h thng: Trng tm ca phn tch h thng l hiu chi tit v tt c cc mt quan trng ca lnh vc kinh doanh ang kho st. Nh phn tch cn nghin cu qui trnh tr li cc cu hi sau:

ang lm g? Lm nh th no? Mc thng xuyn?Lng giao dch hay quyt nh ln n u?Cng vic ang thc hin ra sao?C bt c vn no tn ti? Nu c, th mc nghim trng ca n? V nguyn nhn ng sau n l g?


PHNG PHP VNG I PHT TRIN H THNGThit k h thng: Thit k to ra cc chi tit th hin h thng s nh th no p ng cc yu cu c xc nh trong qu trnh phn tch h thng:

Thit k tnh logicThit k vt cht

Cc nh phn tch h thng bt u qu trnh thit k bng cch xc nh cc bo co v kt qu m h thng s to ra.


PHNG PHP VNG I PHT TRIN H THNGPht trin phn mm:Bc ny bao gm b sung v lp t cc chng trnh t thit k hay cc phn mm thng mi hin c.Vic ti liu ha (documentation) l rt quan trng kim tra chng trnh v thc hin vic bo tr mt khi h thng a vo vn hnh.Kim tra h thng (system testing)Cho php mt lng gii hn ngi s dng s dng h thng cc nh phn tch thy c h c s dng trong cc cch khng c tin liu khng.


PHNG PHP VNG I PHT TRIN H THNGTrin khai v thm nh:S trin khai l mt qu trnh cc nhn vin h thng kim tra v a vo s dng cc thit b mi, o to ngi s dng, lp t cc ng dng mi, hay xy dng cc tp tin d liu cn thit.S thm nh h thng c thc hin xc nh im mnh v im yu ca h thng:Thm nh tnh hot ngTc ng ln t chcnh gi nh qun l h thngKh nng thc thi ca pht trin h thng


CC CNG C PHT TRIN H THNGCc cng c phn tch: T liu ha (documenting) h thng hin hu v nh r nhng yu cu cho h thng mi.Thu thp d liu (data collection)Biu (charting)T in (dictionary) Cc cng c thit k: Tr gip vic hnh thnh cc c im ca h thng nhm p ng cc yu cu c vch ra trong cc cng tc phn tch.Ch tiu k thut (specification)Cch b tr (layout)


CC CNG C PHT TRIN H THNGCc cng c pht trin h thng: Gip nh phn tch trong vic chuyn ti cc thit k vo cc ng dng.K thut phn mm (sotfware engineering)To m ngun (code generators)Kim tra (testing)


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Communication Mana in PM

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