Commercial and Multi-Family Developments WASTE …These waste management guidelines are intended to...

WASTE MANAGEMENT DESIGN GUIDELINES

Commercial and Multi-Family Developments

LET’S TRIM OUR WASTE

1Commercial and Multi-Family Developments Waste Management Design Guidelines

Introduction 3

Goals & Objectives 5

General Responsibilities 6

Design Guidelines & Criteria 9

Attachment 1 25Waste Management Overlay Plan Sample

Attachment 2 26Guide to Estimating the Recycling and Garbage Container Needs for Weekly Collection

Attachment 3 30Container Measurements and Storage Space Required

Attachment 4 31General Specifications for Different Waste Containers

Attachment 5 34Temporary Storage Facility Location

Attachment 6 35Barriers and Common Solutions to Multi-Family Waste Reduction and Diversion

CONTENTS


Recycling and waste management is an integral part of the development and planning process for commercial and multi-family buildings. These guidelines assist developers with addressing these service requirements. In particular, disposal bans and waste diversion targets are in place for the Metro Vancouver region, and expanded recycling is a key component. This results in a corresponding requirement to provide sufficient space in multi-family and commercial complexes for a range of recycling services along with garbage collection.

Recycling and garbage areas that have inadequate space or are poorly designed are difficult to use or

access. As well, there has been a shift towards more automated collection, which has impacted the size of

collection vehicles, including increased height clearance and turn radius requirements. The City also requires

developers to provide a waste management overlay plan as part of any new development application. These

changes affect buildings being developed for multi-family and commercial use, and include requirements

for both centralized and curbside collection. It’s essential that developers incorporate these requirements

into their design.

These waste management guidelines are intended to assist developers of multi-family and commercial

properties to provide for the design of appropriate recycling and waste storage areas that meet government

regulations and comply with Metro Vancouver disposal bans.

These guidelines present key strategies and general advice for meeting the City of Richmond’s regulations,

which will help streamline the development application process by ensuring key requirements are met as

part of the initial application. It outlines the general responsibilities for developers in the context of garbage

and recycling management, outlines the design guidelines and key criteria to assess as part of design

planning, and provides tips and formulas for calculating the space required to ensure sufficient recycling

and collection services can be accommodated, as well as space for collection and loading areas.

Please note that this document should be used with, not in place of, all applicable building codes,

City standards and other relevant legislation.

INTRODUCTION

4 City of Richmond


The goals of effective recycling and garbage arrangements for multi-family and commercial buildings are to provide efficient recycling and garbage services and to achieve targeted waste diversion while minimizing contamination in recycling. The following objectives support these goals:

• Develop building design to support convenient access to full range of recycling and garbage services.

• Develop building design to ensure sufficient space is allocated for collection of materials,

including turn radius and height, length and width clearance for collection vehicles.

• Create efficient centralized collection areas with sufficient space for recycling and

garbage containers or other materials that are generated by the business operation

(e.g. tires, wood pallets) to help avoid unsightly premises caused by overflowing containers.

• Minimize contamination of recycling by designing areas to accommodate convenient

grouping of recycling types and space for instructional materials (e.g. signage).

GOALS & OBJECTIVES

Did You Know?Multi-family occupants often experience similar barriers related to waste reduction and diversion. For an overview of these barriers and common solutions, see Attachment 6 on page 35.

6 City of Richmond

A developer has three primary responsibilities concerning garbage and recycling management:

1 Ensure Adequate Storage and Collection

A developer is responsible for meeting the property’s needs by:

• Providing adequate storage for garbage and recycling;

• Ensuring there are collection services in place; and

• Ensuring there is sufficient space for access to collection and loading areas.

2 Comply with Disposal Bans

Developers must design their systems so occupants can comply with Metro Vancouver’s enhanced disposal bans. The following materials are banned from being disposed of in the garbage and must be recycled instead:

• Corrugated cardboard

• Recyclable paper

• Food scraps and yard trimmings

• Containers made of glass, metal, or recyclable plastic

• Beverage containers (all except milk cartons)

• Clean wood

• All product stewardship items

This is a representative list only. Please refer to www.metrovancouver.org/services/solid-waste/

bylaws-regulations/banned-materials for more information on bans, alternative disposal options and fines.

GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES


3 Meet Government Regulations Related to Waste Management

The following are some of the key regulations related to waste management that affect the development and management of multi-family and commercial buildings:

CITY OF RICHMOND BYLAWSSolid Waste & Recycling Regulation Bylaw 6803• Outlines the requirements and collection

standards for the management of garbage,

recycling materials and food scraps from all

residential buildings, including City recycling

services for mixed containers, mixed paper,

and glass jars and bottles.

• Requires that recyclable materials including food

scraps be separated from the garbage.

• Outlines exemptions from City services and

opt-out processes required.

• Addresses noise restrictions and allowable

collection hours, materials accepted, weight

limitation, correct packaging for collection, etc.

Public Health Protection Bylaw 6989• Store waste in such a way as to not provide

shelter, refuge or food for rodents.

Traffic Bylaw 5870, section 6.2• Ensure recycling and garbage containers are

not placed on roadways.

Drainage, Dyke and Sanitary Sewer System Bylaw 7551, Section 3• Manage oil and grease from a food sector

establishment to ensure no oil or grease is

discharged into a sanitary sewer or drainage

system within the City.

Unsightly Premises Bylaw 7162• Ensure property does not become unsightly. This

includes preventing garbage from accumulating

and removing any accumulations.

For full details on City of Richmond Bylaws, please

visit www.richmond.ca/cityhall/bylaws/chapter.htm

OTHER RELATED REGULATIONSBC Public Health, Section 5.2• Ensure there is no accumulation of materials

which could constitute a public health hazard.

BC Building Code 2012 section 3.5.2 except as provided in sentence 3.5.3.3(9)• Ensure rooms for temporary storage of combustible

refuse such as garbage or waste paper are

separated from the reminder of the building

by a fire separation with a fire-resistance rating

of not less than one hour, and be sprinklered.

Metro Vancouver Tipping Fee Bylaw and Disposal Bans• Listing of banned materials that Metro Vancouver

disposal facilities do not accept, either because there

are already disposal programs set up for these items,

or because they are hazardous to waste collection

workers, the public and environment.

• At disposal sites, garbage loads are inspected for

banned and prohibited materials. Loads that arrive

at the disposal sites containing prohibited mate-

rials are assessed a minimum surcharge, plus the

cost of removal, clean-up or remediation. Loads

containing banned materials are assessed

a 50% tipping fee surcharge.

8 City of Richmond


The following eight steps are intended to assist developers with planning for commercial and multi-family buildings. Following these steps will help to accelerate permit processing time by ensuring the development design meets all regulations and developer responsibilities.

DESIGN GUIDELINES & CRITERIA

SUMMARY OF STEPS1. Determine type and volume of recycling and garbage

that will be generated onsite

2. Determine recycling and garbage collection service provider

3. Calculate the number and type of containers required

4. Calculate the storage space required

5. Design the storage/collection area

6. Determine access route for collection vehicles

and turning radius

7. Designate collection/loading area

8. Develop and submit a waste management overlay plan

10 City of Richmond

1 Determine Type and Volume of Recycling and Garbage that will be Generated Onsite

The first step involves assessing the types of garbage and recyclable materials that are most likely to be produced by the occupants of the building. In addition to the common items listed here, specialized recyclable items may include: grease, clean wood, hazardous materials or other items banned from disposal in the garbage.

OCCUPANTS MUST HAVE ACCESS TO DISPOSE OF:

GARBAGE FOOD SCRAPS & YARD TRIMMINGS

CARDBOARD MIXED CONTAINERS

MIXED PAPER GLASS JARS & BOTTLES


The following charts show the approximate waste volume generated for different types of building use.*

Please note the generated rates listed are only general estimates and may vary from actual rates.

It is recommended that developers consult with a waste hauler to assist with estimating the anticipated

recycling and garbage requirements. Please contact the City for recycling service via email at

[email protected].

WASTE CATEGORIES ESTIMATED VOLUME GENERATED (LITRES/UNIT/WEEK)

MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

Garbage 53.00

Glass Jars & Bottles 2.10

Mixed Containers 18.50

Mixed Papers (including cardboard) 42.90

Mixed Papers (excluding cardboard) 15.00

Cardboard 27.50

Food Scraps & Yard Trimmings 14.00

WASTE CATEGORIES ESTIMATED VOLUME GENERATED (LITRES/ROOM/WEEK)

HOSPITALITY BUILDING

Garbage 47.50

Mixed Containers 3.50

Mixed Papers 8.30

Cardboard 14.30

Oil/Grease 0.33

Food Scraps & Yard Trimmings 20.00

WASTE CATEGORIES ESTIMATED VOLUME GENERATED (LITRES/CUBIC METRES/WEEK)

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS: OFFICE BUILDING

RETAIL BUILDING

FOOD SERVICE ESTABLISHMENT

LARGE VENUES

Garbage 1.00 2.25 1.65 3.10

Mixed Papers 0.65 1.50 2.05 1.50

Mixed Containers 0.375 0.65 2.00 1.70

Cardboard 0.65 2.30 3.75 2.00

Food Scraps & Yard Trimmings 0.57 N/A 2.00 1.86

Oil/Grease N/A N/A 0.35 N/A

*Data used with permission from the City of Vancouver.

Did You Know?Food sector establishments must properly manage used cooking oils and grease to ensure no grease or oil is poured in any sink or floor drain. Proper management includes installing and

maintaining grease interceptors and recycling used oil and grease. To learn more, call the Richmond

Grease Inspector at 604-247-4609 or the RCBC Recycling Hotline at 604-732-9253.

12 City of Richmond

2 Determine Recycling and Garbage Collection Service Provider

Some garbage and recycling services are provided by the City as a mandatory fee as per Bylaw 6803. Other services may be available as an option from the City, or contracted through private waste haulers.

The following program requirements outline the services that must be offered at all multi-family buildings

(townhomes and apartments), mixed use and commercial buildings, as well as service provider options

available based on building type.

PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS

COLLECTION TYPE RECYCLING CARDBOARD GARBAGE1 ORGANIC

TOWNHOUSE

Centralized Mandatory fee City Blue Cart program

Optional cardboard container service from City or private waste hauler

Optional City Garbage Cart program1 or private waste hauler

Mandatory City Green Cart service unless City approves exemption to allow use of private waste hauler

Curbside2 Mandatory fee City Blue Box program1

Not applicable (Cardboard is collected through City Blue Box program)

City Garbage Cart program or private waste hauler


APARTMENT

Centralized Mandatory fee City Blue Cart program




1 These services are provided by the City and include the Large Item Pick Up program for up to four large items per unit per year.2 Curbside collection can be provided where access is available.

Did you know? Richmond’s Large Item Pick Up Program is available to residents with Blue Box and/or City Garbage Cart service. This program provides collection of up to

four large items per unit per year. As well, all Richmond residents have access to free

drop-off recycling at the Richmond Recycling Depot (visit www.richmond.ca/depot).


LARGER BUILDING GARBAGE AND CARDBOARD COLLECTIONLarger buildings are more suited to contracted services (front-end loading containers/compactors)

for garbage and cardboard collection. For information about general container measurements, size,

weight and footprint, see Attachment 3 on page 30.

PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS

COLLECTION TYPE RECYCLING CARDBOARD GARBAGE1 ORGANIC

MIXED USE – RESIDENTIAL /COMMERCIAL

Centralized Residential Mandatory City Blue Cart Optional cardboard container service from City or private waste hauler



Centralized Commercial City service available if subscribed to City Garbage Cart and Green Cart programs


Optional City Garbage Cart program or private waste hauler

Optional City Green Cart program or private waste hauler

OFFICE /COMMERCIAL / INSTITUTIONAL

Centralized City service available if subscribed to City Garbage and Green Cart service

Optional cardboard large bin service from City or private waste hauler

Optional City Garbage Cart program or private waste hauler

Optional City Green Cart program or private waste hauler

1 These services are provided by the City and include the Large Item Pick Up program for up to four large items per unit per year.

14 City of Richmond

3 Calculate the Number and Type of Containers Required

The quantity of containers required depends on the type of collection service the building is designed for. Most multi-family buildings will have centralized collection areas, where occupants bring their garbage and recycling to the designated area. It’s important for developers to determine the type of collection that will be used when calculating container requirements.

The following is an overview of the types and quantity of containers required, which also

assists with designing centralized collection areas with sufficient space. For a detailed guide to estimate the

number of containers required for your building, please see Attachment 2 on pages 26-29.

CENTRALIZED COLLECTION If the building is designed to have centralized collection, ideally, the designated garbage and recycling space is

a separate internal storage room. It is essential to calculate how many containers will be required to determine the

space required. Please use the guidelines below to calculate the number of bins required for City-provided services.

Number of Containers:

Collection Frequency:

Standard Container:

CONTAINERS RECYCLING CARTMixed containers

1 cart for

every 7 units

Weekly

360 litres

MIXED PAPER RECYCLING CARTMixed paper

1 cart for

every 7 units

Weekly

360 litres

GLASS RECYCLING CARTGlass jars and bottles

1 cart per

recycling room

Weekly

240 litres

GREEN CARTFood scraps and yard trimmings

1 cart for every 25 units

1 kitchen container for

each unit

Weekly or

twice weekly

240 litres

City Recycling Collection


GARBAGE CARTNon-recyclable and non-compostable materials

1 cart for every 5 units

Weekly or twice weekly

360 litres

FRONT END CONTAINERNon-recyclable and non-compostable materials

See Attachment 4 on page

32 for private waste hauler

collection container details

Contact private waste hauler


COMPACTORNon-recyclable and non-compostable materials

See Attachment 4 on page

31 for private waste hauler

collection container details



City Garbage Collection Private Waste Hauler Garbage Collection Options

The City of Richmond has developed an Excel spreadsheet tool with prebuilt formulas to make it easy to calculate the number of containers required for residential and commercial buildings.

For a copy of this tool with its prebuilt formulas, please contact Environmental Programs at [email protected].

The City does not provide these services. Please contact private waste hauler.

16 City of Richmond

COMMERCIAL GREASE COLLECTION Oils and grease should never be disposed of down sinks, drains or garburators as the material hardens

and builds up on the inside of sewage lines, causing blockages. This can lead to breaks and sewage spills

or overflows.

Commercial operators must have proper containers and systems in place to collect and safely dispose

of oils, grease and other liquid fats.

Description:

DRUM

• Specially-designed trucks to collect

• Sits stationary on the ground.

CONTAINER

• Specially-designed trucks to collect

• Requires room for collection.

• Containers may have wheels to

move around.

Oil and Grease Container Options:

Typical Size:

Full Weight:

45 gallon (170 litres)

180 kg 545 kg - 910 kg

• 90 cm tall, 107 cm wide, 84 cm deep

and taper to 56 cm (2.2 yard3)

• 90 cm tall, 107 cm wide, 109 cm deep

and taper to 81 cm (2.75 yard3)


CURBSIDE (DOOR-TO-DOOR) COLLECTIONSome townhomes will have City curbside collection, which is similar to collection for single-family homes and

involves bringing recycling and garbage containers to the curb for pick-up on a designated day of the week.

City curbside collection services are available for some townhomes. These townhome buidlings must

have sufficient turning radius to access containers at each unit. With these services, the City provides the

required containers for both garbage and recycling. For curbside collection of garbage and recycling, each

unit will receive the following items to store their garbage and recyclable materials in between collection:

GARBAGE CARTNon-recyclable and non-compostable materials

1

Biweekly or weekly

120 litres

BLUE BOXMixed containers

1

Weekly

N/A

MIXED PAPER RECYCLING BAGMixed paper

1

Weekly

N/A

GLASS RECYCLING BINGlass jars and bottles

1

Weekly

N/A

GREEN CARTFood scraps and yard trimmings

1 Green Cart

1 kitchen container

Weekly

46.5 litres

Quantity for Each Unit:

Collection Frequency:

Standard Container:

18 City of Richmond

4 Calculate the Storage Space Required

CENTRALIZED COLLECTIONUse the formula* below to estimate the total storage space required to house the required number of containers

NUMBER OF CONTAINERS

FOOTPRINT OF EACH CONTAINER

MANOEUVRE FACTOR

CURBSIDE (DOOR-TO-DOOR) COLLECTIONOccupants are required to store garbage and recycling containers in their unit (e.g. garage, backyard, etc.).

The storage location for these receptacles varies depending on strata bylaws.

X X

The manoeuvre factor allocates space required to move the containers inside the storage facility.

A value of 2.00 to 2.25 is recommended.

For examples of various bin and cart types and their related height and manoeuvre factors, please refer to Attachment 3.

Refer to calculation from Step 3.

*Storage space formula courtesy of the City of Vancouver.


5 Design the Storage/Collection Area

A storage facility is designed to allow containers to be easily accessed and moved.

Ideally, there is a separate room designated; however, if a separate room is not feasible, a shed or enclosure

is a viable option. In all cases, the area must be large enough to store all recycling and garbage between

designated collection days and permit movement of the containers. Designated areas must also meet fire

safety requirements. The storage facility should include the following considerations as a minimum standard.

ELEMENT DESIGN GUIDELINES

Floor • Must have a hard surface (concrete is required if installing a compactor) that is able to withstand a 28-tonne collection truck

Drainage • Must drain to sanitary sewer• Oil separator required at food services and restaurants

Door • Must contain a double door to ensure there is enough space to move the containers

Size • Should be able to accommodate an appropriate number of containers that will not overflow between collection days.• Total area of the facility should be about 2.0 to 2.25 times the physical footprint of the containers to allow for

adequate space for manoeuvering

Configuration • Configure to allow each garbage and recycling container to be individually accessed, removed and replaced without having to take out other containers

• No horizontal dimension (width or depth) is less than 2 metres to allow for access to waste containers

Location Ideally, recycling facilities are located in close proximity to garbage facilities so that occupants find it as convenient to recycle as it is to dispose of garbage. Within the storage area, recycling and garbage containers should be grouped separately to reduce confusion.

The location must be:• Within the legal parcel• Located at ground level, or no more than one storey below grade

Location of storage facility should not be:• On publicly owned rights-of-way where it may disrupt traffic circulation patterns• Between a street-facing facade of the structure and the street if the area is located outdoors to promote pedestrian safety• In any required driveways, parking aisles, or parking spaces for the structure (this impedes the use for pedestrians and occupants)• In any location that may block or impede fire exits, public rights-of-ways, or pedestrian and vehicular access

If a temporary storage facility is required to place recycling and garbage containers for collection, see Attachment 5 on page 34.

Ventilation • Have adequate ventilation for reduced smell and odour, and be in compliance with the BC Building Code requirements for ventilation

Security • Be protected from unlawful entry • Be equipped with locked doors or the containers should also be locked if they are accessible from outside the building

to avoid illegal dumping

Lighting • Be well lit, both as a security measure and for ease of access. Adequate lighting also discourages improper use of the containers and surrounding area

Rodent Concerns • Be rodent resistant, and ensure that waste is stored in a way to not provide shelter, refuge or food for rodents

Access for Occupants

• Accessible to all occupants of the development, including those with restricted mobility

If an auxiliary area is designated for the facility outside the building, the area should be located adjacent for an entry point into the building for easy access by users.

Signage • Must have clear signage in garbage and recycling facilities and on containers to ensure that materials go in the appropriate container to help prevent contamination

20 City of Richmond

6 Determine Access Route for Collection Vehicles and Turning Radius

The following design elements address the need to allow a collection vehicle to enter the site, collect the recycling and garbage and exit without having to reverse onto a public road, as this poses risks of pedestrian and vehicle accidents.


Entry and Exit • Allow collection vehicles to enter the site, collect garbage and recycling, leave the site in a forward motion or via the use of a turnabout area allowing for a three point turn of no less than one truck length

• If backing up is the only option, it must not compromise building structure, traffic operations and safety

Driveway Access • Minimum width of 6 metres at the points of entrance and exit for the site

Slope • Ensure slope of access does not exceed 6%

Vehicle Access Route

• Minimum width of 4.5 metres throughout vehicle access route

Vehicle Clearance • Maintain a minimum vehicle clearance of 4.5 metres throughout the entire access route

Turning Radius • Provide the collection vehicle a minimum turning radius of 12.5 metres throughout the entire access route • Building structure, such as an overhang, cannot extend pass the turning radius to prevent damage to the building

Manual Collection Vehicle Turning Radius Front/Top Loader Turning Radius

3.2m (10.5’)

10.6

2m (

34.8

’)

Radius = 12.2m (40’)

12

.2m

(40

’)

Turning Radius

30°60°

90°

120°

150°

180°

6.5m

(21

.3’)

30°60°

90°

120°

150°

180°Turning Radius

Radius = 12.8 (42’)

12

.8 (4

1.9

’)3.15m (10.’)

5.4m

(17

.7’)

10m

(32.

8’)


7 Designing Collection/Loading Area

With automated collection and the mix of containers used for garbage and recycling services, loading and collection areas must be able to accommodate a mix of truck sizes and design. Trucks must have plenty of height clearance and room for their turn radius.

The chart below outlines the minimum dimensions for collection/loading trucks. For specific details on

collection trucks, contact private service providers.

TYPICAL TRUCK DIMENSIONS (APPROXIMATE)COLLECTION TYPE TRUCK SIZE LOADING LENGTH WIDTH HEIGHT

CITY TRUCKS

Blue Cart SU9/medium size TRUCKS

Side loading 10.67 m 2.74 m 4.27 m(collection 5.79 m)

Garbage Cart andGreen Cart

SU9/medium size Back loading 14 m (collection 15.5 m)

2.74 m 4.27 - 6 m

PRIVATELY CONTRACTED TRUCKS

Cardboard and garbage container

Varies Front/Top loading 10 m (collection 12.36 m)

3.15 m 4.2 m (collection 6.9 m)

Low profile garbage compactor

Varies Hauling to offsite location

7.62 m 2.4 m 2.4 m (haul offsite to lift to 6.7 m)

Garbage cart and organics cart

Varies Back loading 14 m (collection 15.5 m)

2.74 m 4.2 - 6 m

The following are general guidelines for designing the collection/loading area:


Clearance • Maintain a minimum dimension: Height: 7.5 m Width: 6 m Length: 15 m

All dimensions are unencumbered (e.g. unrestricted by fixtures such as sprinker systems, meters, surveillance cameras, mirrors, landscaping, etc.)

Floor • Accommodate a 28-tonne collection vehicle

Size • Dimension of pad should accommodate the number of containers used in the building

Location • Away from fresh air intakes for the building to discourage odour going into the building• Avoid location that interferes with pedestrian traffic and other vehicular access• Connected to the garbage and recycling storage space or temporary storage area via a level grade

or continuous slope of no more than 6%

22 City of Richmond

CITY SERVICESThe following figures show the vehicle measurements for City garbage and recycling collection trucks:

2. Green Cart Recycling and Garbage Cart

SU9/medium size trucks

Back loading

Dimensions:

Length: 14 m (collection 15.5 m)

Width: 2.74 m

Height: 4.27 - 6 m

1. Blue Cart Recycling


Side loading

Dimensions:

Length: 10.67 m

Width: 2.74 m

Height: 4.27 m

(collection 5.79 m)


1. Garbage and Cardboard Containers


Front/Top loading

Dimensions:

Length: 10 m (collection 12.36 m)

Width: 3.15 m

Height: 4.2 m (collection 6.9 m)

PRIVATE CONTRACTORSThe following figures show examples of vehicle dimensions for some private garbage and recycling collection trucks.

2. Garbage and Cardboard Low Profile Compactor


Hauling to offsite location

Dimensions:

Length: 7.62 m

Width: 2.4 m

Height: 2.4 m truck height

(Haul off site to lift – 6.7m to lift bin)

Collection of garbage and/or cardboard using low profile compactor trucks is provided as part of private

collection only and involves a multi-step process. A compactor room is required on site and the smaller

“pick-up” like truck is required to load bins from the compactor on site and then haul off site for disposal.

The containers then have to be returned to the development. This limits the amount of sites that can

be serviced in one day by the hauler compared to traditional larger garbage trucks that service multiple

locations on one route. As well, the low profile trucks add additional trips to the road system to complete

the collections service as disposal occurs off site, which typically involves higher collection costs.

7,300 kg (16,094 lbs) - Front Axle Legal Weight17,000 kg (37,479 lbs) - Rear Axle Legal Weight

6.9

m (

22.7

’)

4.2

m (

13

.8’)

10m (32.8’)

12.36m (40.5’)

24 City of Richmond

8 Develop and Submit a Waste Management Overlay Plan

A Waste Management Overlay Plan summarizes all of the requirements outlined in Steps 1 – 7 and highlights the key garbage and recycling components for the design of the building.

This includes showing where the garbage/recycling room(s) and collection/loading area(s) will be located,

including truck ingress and egress. The overlay plan must be submitted with a developer’s rezoning and/

or development application. An example is provided in Attachment 1. This plan should show the functional

design of garbage and recycling services (mixed paper, mixed containers, glass jars and bottles, and

food scraps) including the following:

• Location of doorway access to the storage areas (permanent and temporary);

• Size, capacity and function of the various types of garbage and recycling storage rooms

(permanent and temporary);

• Location and dimensions (including height) of the waste and recycling pick up areas; and

• Location, dimensions, door sizes, maneuvering and turning radii of the access routes to

the waste and recycling pick up areas.

The overlay plan should demonstrate that the developer has addressed all regulations and design

requirements, provide a clear overview of how the design provides for effective garbage and

recycling services and addresses the City’s goals and objectives for waste management in multi-family

and commercial buildings.

Example of Waste Management Overlay Plan

ATTACHMENT 1

DATE

DESIGN

DRAWN

PROJECT NO.

SHEET NO.

No. DATE BYISSUED FOR

written permission from Dillon Consulting Limited.than those intended at the time of its preparation without prior

Do not scale dimensions from drawing.

Report any discrepancies to Dillon Consulting Limited.Verify elevations and/or dimensions on drawing prior to use.

Conditions of UseREVIEWED BY

CHECKED BY

Do not modify drawing, re-use it, or use it for purposes otherSCALE

01

CITY OF RICHMONDSAMPLE WASTE MANAGEMENT OVERLAY PLAN

WASTE MANAGEMENT OVERLAY PLAN

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UPDATED LEGEND

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10/24/2017

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Guide to Estimating the Recycling and Garbage Bins Your Complex Needs for Weekly Collection

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

NUMBER OF UNITS (2 residents per unit)

MIXED CONTAINERS

MIXED PAPER (Without a Cardboard Bin)

MIXED PAPER (With a Cardboard Bin)

FOOD SCRAPS & YARD TRIMMINGS(High participation)

CARDBOARD GARBAGE(Moderate recycling)

GARBAGE (Extensive recycling)

360 LITRE CART (#) 240 LITRE CART (#) FRONT END BINS (# x SIZE)

5-10 1 1 N/A 1 0 1 x 2 yd3 1 x 2 yd3

11-20 1 2 N/A 1 0 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 2 yd3

21-30 1 3 1* 1 1 x 3 yd3* 1 x 4 yd3 1 x 2 yd3

31-40 2 4 1* 2 1 x 3 yd3* 1 x 6 yd3 1 x 3 yd3

41-50 2 5 2* 2 1 x 3 yd3* 1 x 8 yd3 1 x 4 yd3

51-60 3 6* 2 3 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 8 yd3 1 x 4 yd3

61-70 3 7* 2 3 1 x 3 yd3 2 x 6 yd3 1 x 6 yd3

71-80 4 8* 3 3 1 x 3 yd3 2 x 6 yd3 1 x 6 yd3

81-90 4 9* 3 4 1 x 3 yd3 2 x 8 yd3 1 x 6 yd3

91-100 4 10* 3 4 1 x 3 yd3 2 x 8 yd3 1 x 8 yd3

101-110 5 11* 3 4 1 x 3 yd3 3 x 6 yd3 1 x 8 yd3

111-120 5 12* 4 5 1 x 3 yd3 3 x 8 yd3 1 x 8 yd3

121-130 6 13* 4 5 1 x 3 yd3 3 x 8 yd3 1 x 8 yd3

131-140 6 14* 4 6 1 x 4 yd3 3 x 8 yd3 2 x 6 yd3

141-150 6 15* 5 6 1 x 4 yd3 3 x 8 yd3 2 x 6 yd3

151-160 7 16* 5 6 1 x 4 yd3 4 x 8 yd3 2 x 6 yd3

161-170 7 16* 5 7 1 x 4 yd3 4 x 8 yd3 2 x 6 yd3

171-180 8 17* 5 7 1 x 6 yd3 4 x 8 yd3 2 x 8 yd3

181-190 8 18* 6 8 1 x 6 yd3 4 x 8 yd3 2 x 8 yd3

191-200 8 19* 6 8 1 x 6 yd3 4 x 8 yd3 2 x 8 yd3

201-210 9 20* 6 8 1 x 6 yd3 5 x 8 yd3 2 x 8 yd3

211-220 9 21* 7 9 1 x 6 yd3 5 x 8 yd3 2 x 8 yd3

221-230 10 22* 7 9 1 x 6 yd3 5 x 8 yd3 2 x 8 yd3

231-240 10 23* 7 9 1 x 6 yd3 5 x 8 yd3 3 x 6 yd3

241-250 11 24* 7 10 1 x 6 yd3 5 x 8 yd3 3 x 6 yd3

251-260 11 25* 8 10 1 x 6 yd3 6 x 8 yd3 3 x 8 yd3

261-270 11 26* 8 11 1 x 8 yd3 6 x 8 yd3 3 x 8 yd3

271-280 12 27* 8 11 1 x 8 yd3 6 x 8 yd3 3 x 8 yd3

281-290 12 28* 9 11 1 x 8 yd3 6 x 8 yd3 3 x 8 yd3

291-300 13 29* 9 12 1 x 8 yd3 6 x 8y d3 3 x 8 yd3

301-310 13 30* 9 12 1 x 8 yd3 7 x 8 yd3 3 x 8 yd3

311-320 13 31* 9 12 1 x 8 yd3 7 x 8 yd3 3 x 8 yd3

ATTACHMENT 2

26 City of Richmond


NUMBER OF RESIDENTIAL UNITS (2 residents per unit)

MIXED CONTAINERS

MIXED PAPER (Without a Cardboard Bin)

MIXED PAPER (With a Cardboard Bin)

FOOD SCRAPS & YARD TRIMMINGS(High participation)

CARDBOARD GARBAGE(Moderate recycling)

GARBAGE (Extensive recycling)

360 LITRE CART (#) 240 LITRE CART (#) FRONT END BINS (# x SIZE)

321-330 14 32* 10 13 1 x 8 yd3 7 x 8 yd3 3 x 8 yd3

331-340 14 33* 10 13 1 x 8 yd3 7 x 8 yd3 3 x 8 yd3

341-350 15 34* 10 14 2 x 8 yd3 7 x 8 yd3 4 x 8 yd3

351-360 15 35* 11 14 2 x 8 yd3 8 x 8 yd3 4 x 8 yd3

361-370 15 36* 11 14 2 x 8 yd3 8 x 8 yd3 4 x 8 yd3

371-380 16 36* 11 15 2 x 8 yd3 8 x 8 yd3 4 x 8 yd3

381-390 16 37* 12 15 2 x 8 yd3 8 x 8 yd3 4 x 8 yd3

391-400 17 38* 12 16 2 x 8 yd3 9 x 8 yd3 4 x 8 yd3

401-410 17 39* 12 16 2 x 8 yd3 9 x 8 yd3 4 x 8 yd3

411-420 18 40* 12 16 2 x 8 yd3 9 x 8 yd3 4 x 8 yd3

421-430 18 41* 13 17 2 x 8 yd3 9 x 8 yd3 4 x 8 yd3

431-440 18 42* 13 17 2 x 8 yd3 9 x 8 yd3 4 x 8 yd3

441-450 19 43* 13 17 2 x 8 yd3 10 x 8 yd3 5 x 8 yd3

451-460 19 44* 14 18 2 x 8 yd3 10 x 8 yd3 5 x 8 yd3

461-470 20 45* 14 18 2 x 8 yd3 10 x 8 yd3 5 x 8 yd3

471-480 20 46* 14 19 2 x 8 yd3 10 x 8 yd3 5 x 8 yd3

481-490 20 47* 14 19 2 x 8 yd3 10 x 8 yd3 5 x 8 yd3

491-500 21 48* 15 19 2 x 8 yd3 11 x 8 yd3 5 x 8 yd3

1 Confirm glass collection with your hauler. Glass is only accepted at depots in some municipalities.

* Denotes where it is more space efficient to use an alternative way of storing paper and cardboard, but you or your recycling hauler may choose either approach to suit your operational needs.

Assumptions: 1. Once per week collection pick-up schedule2. An average of two persons occupying each unit3. There are no on-site compactors (e.g. garbage, cardboard, recycling)4. Some residents flatten their containers and cardboard boxes before putting them in the bin5. Sufficient height clearance is available for garbage collectors to tip the bins

Notes• Complexes with very active recycling communities will require more recycling bins. • Due to their height and weight, 6 to 8 cubic yard bins should only be used where bins are stored outside and easily

accessible for collection. • For efficient use of space, a garbage compactor and a cardboard compactor are suggested for large complexes greater

than 240 units.• Consult with a recycling and waste hauler to assist with estimating the number and size of containers required.

Courtesy of Metro Vancouver.

28 City of Richmond

HOSPITALITY LODGING

NUMBER OF GUEST ROOMS

MIXED CONTAINERS

MIXED PAPER (including newspaper)

FOOD SCRAPS & YARD TRIMMINGS1

CARDBOARD BIN

GARBAGE GREASE/ TALLOW

360 LITRE CART (#) 240 LITRE CART (#) FRONT END BIN (# x SIZE)18.6 LITRE

JUG-IN-BOX (JIB)

1-10 1 1 1 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 1

11-20 1 1 2 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 1

21-30 1 1 3 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 1

31-40 1 1 4 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 1

41-50 1 1 4 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 1

51-60 1 2 5* 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 1

61-70 1 2 6* 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 4 yd3 1

71-80 1 2 7* 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 4 yd3 1

81-90 1 2 8* 1 x 3 yd3 2 x 3 yd3 2

91-100 1 3 9* 1 x 3 yd3 2 x 3 yd3 2

1 If compostable food scraps and yard trimmings container(s) are provided, garbage container capacity should decrease accordingly.

* It is more space efficient to use bins at this point. Please consult with a waste services provider to discuss which containers are suitable.

OFFICE

FLOOR AREA (M2)

MIXED CONTAINERS


FOOD SCRAPS & YARD TRIMMINGS

CARDBOARD BIN GARBAGE

360 LITRE BINS (#) 240 LITRE BINS (#) CUBIC YARD BINS (# x SIZE)

1-500 1 1 1 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3

501-600 1 1 2 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3

601-900 1 2 2 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3

901-1,000 1 2 3 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3

1,001-2,000 2 4 5* 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3

2,001-3,000 3 6* 7* 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 4 yd3

3,001-4,000 4 7* 10* 1 x 3 yd3 2 x 3 yd3

4,001-5,000 5* 9* 12* 1 x 4 yd3 2 x 3 yd3


Courtesy of the City of Vancouver.


RETAIL

FLOOR AREA (M2)

MIXED CONTAINERS


CARDBOARD BIN GARBAGE

360 LITRE CART (#) FRONT END BIN (# x SIZE)

1-200 1 1 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3

201-500 1 2 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3

501-600 1 3 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3

601-700 1 3 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3

701-1,000 1 4* 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3

1,001-2,000 4* 9* 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3

2,001-3,000 6* 13* 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 4 yd3

3,001-4,000 7* 17* 1 x 3 yd3 2 x 3 yd3

4,001-5,000 9* 21* 1 x 4 yd3 2 x 3 yd3


RESTAURANT

FLOOR AREA (M2)

MIXED CONTAINERS


FOOD SCRAPS & YARD TRIMMINGS1

CARDBOARD BIN

GARBAGE GREASE/ TALLOW

360 LITRE CART (#) 240 LITRE CART (#) FRONT END BIN (# x SIZE)18.6 LITRE

JUG-IN-BOX (JIB)

1-100 1 1 1 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 1

101-200 1 1 2 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 1

201-300 2 2 3 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 1

301-400 2 3 4 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 1

401-500 3 3 4 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 1

501-600 4* 4* 4 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 1

601-700 5* 5* 6* 1 x 3 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 2

701-800 5* 5* 7* 1 x 4 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 2

801-900 5* 5* 8* 1 x 4 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 2

901-1,000 6* 6* 9* 1 x 4 yd3 1 x 3 yd3 2

1,001-2,000 11* 12* 17* 3 x 4 yd3 1 x 4 yd3 4

2,001-3,000 17* 17* 17* 3 x 4 yd3 2 x 4 yd3 6

3,001-4,000 22* 23* 34* 4 x-5 yd3 2 x 4 yd3 8

4,001-5,000 28* 29* 42* 4 x 6 yd3 3 x 4 yd3 11

1 If compostable organics container(s) are provided, garbage container capacity should decrease accordingly.


Courtesy of the City of Vancouver.

30 City of Richmond

Container Measurements and Storage Space Required

HEIGHT LENGTH WIDTH FOOTPRINT (Length x Width)

MANOEUVRE FACTOR

STORAGE AREA REQUIRED FOR 1 CONTAINER (Footprint x Manoeuvre Factor)

3 yd3 Front-end top loading

1.22 m (4') 1.07 m (3.5') 1.83 m (6.0’) 1.96 m2 2.25 4.41 m2


1.22 m (4') 1.37 m (4.5') 1.83 m (6.0’) 2.51 m2 2.25 5.64 m2


1.52 m (5') 1.68 m (5.5') 1.83 m (6.0’) 3.07 m2 2.25 6.91 m2

46.5 L Cart* 0.69 m (2.25’) 0.30 m (1’) 0.28 m (0.92’) 0.084 m2 N/A N/A

80 L Cart* 0.88 m (2.88’) 0.51 m (1.67’) 0.41 m (1.33’) 0.21 m2 2.25 0.47 m2

120 L Cart* 0.95 m (3.13’) 0.55 m (1.79’) 0.48 m (1.58’) 0.26 m2 2.25 0.59 m2

240 L Cart* 1.09 m (3.58’) 0.70 m (2.29’) 0.62 m (2.04’) 0.43 m2 2.25 0.97 m2

360 L Green Cart* 1.13 m (3.71’) 0.88 m (2.88’) 0.64 m (2.08’) 0.56 m2 2.25 1.26 m2

360 L Blue Cart* 1.18 m (3.88’) 0.8 m (2.58’) 0.71 m (2.3’) 0.57 m2 2.25 1.28 m2

Blue Box* 0.37 m (1.22’) 0.38 m (1.25’) 0.46 m (1.5’) 0.17 m2 N/A N/A

Glass Recycling Bin* 0.36 m (1.17’) 0.36 m (1.19’) 0.27 m (0.88’) 0.10 m2 N/A N/A

Mixed Paper Recycling Bag*

0.66 m (2.17’) N/A 0.46 m (1.5’) N/A N/A N/A

FRONT-END TOP LOADING CONTAINERS - ADDITIONAL DIMENSIONS The dimensions noted above reflect the internal measurement of the container. Please allow for an additional 20.32 cm (8”) in width for the side brackets on the container.

COMPACTORS Garbage compactors range in size from 4 yd3 to 25 yd3 cubic yard and connect to various sizes of front-end bins. Models have different space and location requirements. Consult a private service provider for details.

* Based on City of Richmond standard containers.

Useful Conversion Factors

Volume: 1 gallon = 0.134 cubic feet

1 cubic meter = 35.5 cubic feet

1 cubic yard = 764.6 litres

3 cubic yard = 6 x 360 L cart

Weight:1 tonne = 1,000 kg

1 pound = 0.454 kg

Distance:1 metre = 3.28 feet

Area:1 square metre = 10.76 square feet

ATTACHMENT 3


ATTACHMENT 4

General Specifications for Different Waste ContainersThe following is a general overview of the various waste containers commonly used for solid waste storage.

The City does not guarantee the accuracy of the dimensions listed below due to the variation

between different manufacturers. It is the sole responsibility of the designer to ensure the design

of the storage facility can accommodate the waste containers to be used. Please consult with

a private contractor to discuss which containers are suitable for different applications.

1. COMPACTORTYPE IDEAL USER MINIMUM CEILING

HEIGHT CLEARANCEMINIMUM CLEARANCE IN FRONT OF BIN

MINIMUM CLEARANCE OVERHEAD OF BIN

Low profile compactor Multi-family buildings 2.1 m 12.2 m long

Ground level compactor Multi-family, commercial and institutional buildings

2.5 m 15.2 m long 7 m high

Commercial compactor Commercial and institutional buildings

6.1 m 15.2 m long

Potential Benefits• Less servicing frequency required compared

to other container use

• Can store more volume when compacted

• Less messy; less overflow

• Ideal for large volume generation (more than 100 units)

• Long life span (15-20 years) if properly maintained

Potential Challenges• Cardboard jams easily if not placed in compactor correctly

• Odour concern if not serviced frequently

• Not suitable for food scraps collection

• Requires electricity, drainage; extra cost required

• Noise/vibration concerns – may need isolator to lessen

• Capital cost may be higher than other types of bins

• Underground storage may have limited space for truck

manoeuvre

• Must carry entire compactor container back and forth to

dispose waste; limited number of servicing per collection route

• Everyone must be trained to operate the compactor

• Not eligible for Leadership in Energy and Environmental

Design® (LEED) points

32 City of Richmond

2. FRONT END CONTAINERMINIMUM CONCRETE PAD AREA

IDEAL USER MINIMUM CEILING HEIGHT CLEARANCE

MINIMUM CLEARANCE IN FRONT OF CONTAINER

MINIMUM CLEARANCE OVERHEAD OF CONTAINER

1.07 m x 2.03 m 2.5 m N/A 6.9 m high

Potential Benefits• Applicable for most waste streams including

cardboard and food scraps

• Capital cost less than a compactor

• Ideal for less than 100 units

• No electricity required to operate

• Easily accessible for most occupants

Potential Challenges• Require more collection frequency compared to compactors

• Odour concern if not serviced frequently

• Surface damage to concrete pad due to frequent collection

• May cost more than compactor when extra service costs

are included


2. CARTMINIMUM CONCRETE PAD AREA

IDEAL USER MINIMUM CEILING HEIGHT CLEARANCE

MINIMUM CLEARANCE IN FRONT

MINIMUM CLEARANCE OVERHEAD

0.88 m x 0.64 m 2.5 m N/A 5.29 m high

Potential Benefits• Smallest footprint compared to a front end bin

or a compactor

• Less expensive than a front-end container or a compactor

• Sealed container such that drainage is not a major concern

• No electricity required to operate

• Easier to manoeuvre than large containers

Potential Challenges• Requires high service frequency compared to

larger containers

• Odour may be a concern if not routinely serviced

• Can easily be vandalized or stolen

34 City of Richmond

Temporary Storage Facility Location Temporary storage facilities are areas where containers are placed during the time of collection; these are not areas for waste disposal to occur.

Temporary storage facilities are recommended when the garbage and recycling storage area is more

than 50 m from the loading area as some haulers will not walk more than 50 m from their collection vehicle

to access containers. If a temporary storage facility is needed, the Waste Management Overlay Plan should

illustrate the location, size and intended pathway to the area.

Considerations for temporary storage facilities:

• Have a level and hard surfaced floor to withstand

the weight of the waste and be easily cleaned.

• Be located at ground level within 50 m of the

loading area to facilitate collection.

• Be connected to the loading area and garbage

and recycling storage space via a level grade or

continuous slope of no more than 6%. A gradient

of more than 6% would make it challenging to

facilitate movement of wheeled containers.

• Have a footprint equal to at least 50% of the

garbage and recycling storage space allocation.

This space should be used for waste container

storage, and therefore, a smaller area than the

loading area is sufficient.

• Be configured such that no horizontal dimension

(width or depth) is less than 1 m to allow for

access for waste containers.

ATTACHMENT 5


ATTACHMENT 6

Barriers and Common Solutions to Multi-Family Waste Reduction and DiversionSince every development is different, it’s important for developers to identify specific challenges for their building and develop solutions that will make it easier for building occupants to maximize recycling and reduce landfill waste. Some of the barriers that a developer (or occupant) may have to overcome include the following:

Size of storage locations It’s imporant to allow enough space for multiple types

of recycling bins (source separation). Additionally, it

is best when all bins are in one location, as it can be

inconvenient for occupants if recyclables, food scraps

and/or garbage are stored in different locations within

the building complex due to lack of space.

Clearance requirementsCollection vehicles require additional height, length and

width when dumping materials from carts or containers

into the vehicle.

Ambiance of waste storage locations When waste storage areas are poorly lit, odorous and

inconvenient to access they can deter occupants from

properly sorting their recyclables.

Temporary tenantsPeople that live in apartments and condos tend to move

more than people that live in houses. Recycling programs

in each development can be different so it takes some

time for occupants to learn how to properly manage

their waste.

Product stewardship and banned materialsBuilding occupants may not have access to a vehicle to

transport stewardship and landfill-banned materials to

proper disposal facilities.

Language difficultiesMany people may not understand posters and

information written in English.

Some common solutions for these barriers include the following:

• Design and designate a centralized location within

the complex so that there is a one-stop disposal for all

waste materials.

• Create areas that promote recycling and food scraps

programs. This includes putting large and updated signs

on and near containers that use images to explain what

can and cannot go into them. Ensure that signs are

laminated or protected from the elements and posted in

well-lit areas.

• Empty and clean carts frequently to reduce odours

and deter pests.

• Enlarge the storage area to improve accessibility for

collection crews and occupants. Ensure that the

dimensions of the access route are large enough

for collection vehicles.

• Improve lighting in waste storage areas so that users

can see signage and containers for proper sorting

and for security.

• Build a sense of community within the building and

incorporate community swap/re-use stations into the

design. Include space for building tenants to add ad-

ditional waste streams (e.g., stewardship and banned

materials) for additional waste diversion measures and

to tailor the waste diversion program to the needs of

the development.

• Promote waste diversion programs to help reduce the

amount of garbage generated by making food scraps

and recycling easier for occupants. This may require de-

creasing the size of the garbage bin to create more space

in the designated waste storage area, but it may save the

building money by reducing garbage disposal fees.

36 City of Richmond

1 City of Richmond

City of Richmond

Environmental Programs Information Line:604-276-4010

Email: [email protected]

www.richmond.ca/recycle

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