Comment to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)

8/19/2019 Comment to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)

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Mobile: 813.918.6125 | [email protected]

January 27, 2016

Kimberly D. Bose, SecretaryFederal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)888 First Street NE, Room 1AWashington, DC 20426

ATTN: Mr. Kevin Bowman, FERC ACP Case Lead

RE: ATLANTIC COAST PIPELINE PROPOSAL

FERC DOCKET NO.: PF15-6-000

Dear Secretary Bose:

As a concerned citizen of Cumberland County, in conjunction with Cumberland County Caring

Voices (C3V) and Blue Ridge Environment Defense League (BREDL), I am writing to bringattention to my grave concerns regarding the deep social, environmental, economic and securityimpact of the proposed Duke Power/Dominion Transmission Atlantic Coast Pipeline (ACP).

This proposal not only affects the eastern part of Cumberland County, but the entire Sandhillsregion to include Fort Bragg and Pope Army Air Field (AAF) installations and personnel.Moreover this proposal, if passed, may possess a national security risk in the integrity ofdomestic military operations in mobilizing and support of Power Projection Platforms of theeastern United States.

These concerns regarding this ACP proposal are grounded in three areas:

The necessity, economic improvement and safety.

The impact to the regional environment and health.

The possible interference of military operations and readiness.

1. THE NECESSITY, ECONOMIC IMPROVEMENT AND SAFETY

a. Necessity and Viability

With regard to the pretense of necessity, the $5.1 Billion, 564 mile ACP is not needed. The trendof natural gas prices are at a ten year low causing gas companies to stall drilling and with anabundance of shale gas has led to a surplus in natural gas inventories. Coupled with the mildwinter the US has seen, natural gas prices steadily declined, with no anticipation of increasing inthe future. This proposal is seen as a “gateway” for more potential “fracking” in Durham,Sanford, and Wadesboro Triassic sub-basins; and pipeline branches further into western NorthCarolina. There are other alternatives available that will solve energy deficits more economicallyand more environmentally sound.

20160127-5509 FERC PDF (Unofficial) 1/27/2016 3:43:29 PM


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Comments of M. Jones Re: Docket PF15-6-000January 27, 2016Page 2 of 6


b.

Economic Impact

The economic improvement that the ACP would bring will not be a major impact as relayed tothe public. The ACP may create a few dozen jobs for the pipe laying process, but are temporary.

The majority of the employment is already with Duke Power/Dominion Transmission on a non-local permanent basis. Again, a pretentious study was done by Dominion Transmission for ACP justification. In addition, there will be no tax benefits and the easements, some possibly undereminent domain using the necessity doctrine; will decrease property values to the point that somemay not be able to sell their properties.

c. Safety

The builders of the ACP assure that the chances of a pipeline leak and explosions are minimal.Historically, pipelines are the safest way to transport natural gas from source to the end-users, but when explosions do occur, they can be catastrophic. According to the United States

Department of Transportation Pipeline Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (USDOTPHMSA), from 1995 to 2014 there were 972 “significant” onshore transmission pipelineincidents in the United States, causing 40 fatalities, 174 injuries ad over $1.3 Billion (USD) in property damage1. The majority of these where smaller pipelines, however an incident oraccident dealing with a 38 inch high pressure pipeline with 1,440 pounds per square inch, gage(psig) of natural gas would be far more serious.

Local and state emergency services are ill prepared for an incidental or accidental gas releaseresulting fire or explosion from a 36-inch underground pipe delivering natural gas at 1,440 psig.The hazardous radius would be from approximately 990 ft. to 1,435 ft. making the potentialhazardous area nearly 1,980 ft. to 2,870 ft. in diameter – that is a little over 6½ to 9½ football

fields, not including the blast concussion.

When a large diameter high pressure natural gas pipeline operating at its rated working pressuredevelops a crack or hole more than four pipe wall thicknesses in axial length the result is asudden full cross section pipe rupture. The escaping high pressure gas blows away the soiloverburden, forming a crater. Sometime after the pipe rupture there is a large delayed ignitionexplosion followed by a steady, constant fire. This fire emits so much thermal radiation that it isimpossible to approach or extinguish the fire with conventional firefighting equipment.

Currently, the following are the five (5) Cumberland County schools that are within thehazardous radius of the proposed ACP

(1) Eastover Central Elementary School(2) Armstrong Elementary School(3) Gallberry Farm Elementary School(4) Grey’s Creek Middle School(5) Grey’s Creek High School

1 USDOT PHMSA reporting significant incidents in onshore gas transmission for all stateshttps://hip.phmsa.dot.gov/analyticsSOAP/saw.dll?Portalpages



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2.

THE IMPACT TO THE REGIONAL ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH

a. Environment

This ACP proposal is currently mapped to run parallel Interstate 95, near the 4th largestmetropolitan area in North Carolina – Cumberland County, on the most inexpensive land possible, where most are wetlands. In North Carolina, more than 70% of the species listed asendangered, threatened or of special concern depend on wetlands for survival. More recentlywetlands possess critical roles in protecting water quality, preventing floods and erosion, andmaintaining aquatic life populations.

In the Eastover Township, in particular, the water table is high due to the dredging of smallerestuaries of the Cape Fear River in the early 1920’s. This was done to make available more farmland and access roadways. In time, however, it caused a reduced outflow from marshes, swampsand other wetlands. These wetlands are now home to various species of wildlife. Disturbing

these wetlands will disrupt underground water sources used in numerous rural wells currently inoperation.

ACP impact on water has to be assessed to include the underground crossing of the Cape FearRiver where the water inlet of PWC is located that service a population of approximately250,000 to include Fort Bragg and Pope AAF.

b. Health

The health issues involving an incidental, accidental or “fugitive” leak would create long-termand short term problems.

First, the natural gas contains enormous amounts of methane, which is a highly potentgreenhouse gas. It doesn't last as long in the atmosphere as carbon dioxide, but it is much moreeffective at trapping heat while it's there 25 times as potent as CO2 over a 100 year time period,and some 84 times as potent over a 20 year period.2

Methane gas itself is not toxic, but if it is allowed to fill an enclosed room it can displace theoxygen and act as an asphyxiant. Also, if methane is burned in an area with no ventilation, it can produce carbon monoxide. Both of these results can be fatal.

Other effects of exposure to methane gas can include damage to organ tissue from lack ofoxygen. Also, in some people this type of gas can be a cardiac sensitizer. A cardiac sensitizer canultimately cause an irregular heartbeat or sudden death, depending on the person. If you are

exposed to too much carbon monoxide from methane, you may end up with permanent braindamage or the onset of cardiac complications later in life.

The second issue is the use of a sticky, colorless, flammable and volatile sulfur compound calledMethyl Mercaptan (methanethiol - CH4S) that has a flashpoint of 0°F (-17°C), water soluble, isadded to the natural gas to detect leaks. It can also exist as a flammable gas, and is responsible

2 United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) – U.S. Methane Emission, By Sourcehttp://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/gases/ch4.html



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for the rotten cabbage or burnt rubber odor to natural gas and used as an intermediate in the production of fungicides, as jet fuel additives, flavoring agents, plastics, as well as in thesynthesis of methionines, and as catalysts.

The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposureto Methyl Mercaptan:

Contact can irritate the skin and eyes.

Breathing Methyl Mercaptan can irritate the nose and throat.

Breathing Methyl Mercaptan can irritate the lungs causing coughing and/or shortness of breath. Higher exposures can cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), amedical emergency, with severe shortness of breath.

Exposure to Methyl Mercaptan can cause headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, muscleweakness and loss of coordination. Higher levels can cause loss of consciousness anddeath.

The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to MethylMercaptan and can last for months or years:

Methyl Mercaptan may damage the liver and kidneys.

Repeated exposure may affect the blood cells causing anemia.

Methyl Mercaptan can irritate the lungs. Repeated exposure may cause bronchitis todevelop with cough, phlegm, and/or shortness of breath.

Methyl Mercaptan has not been tested for its ability to affect reproduction or cause cancer.

3.

THE POSSIBLE INTERFERENCE OF MILITARY OPERATIONS AND READINESS

a. Military Readiness

In January of 2012, the President and the Secretary of Defense released the new U.S. DefenseStrategic Guidance which articulated the priorities for a “21st Century Defense” that sustainsU.S. global leadership. This guidance mandates the defense of the homeland where coming tothe assistance of domestic civil authorities in the event such defense fails or in case of naturaldisasters, potentially in response to a very significant or even catastrophic event.

The proposed ACP possesses a potential catastrophic event where the local and state civilian

emergency agencies maybe ill equipped to handle. As stated above, the safety of the military andcivilians in the 4

th largest metropolitan area in North Carolina is paramount. In the current state

of affairs, threats to the homeland may be highest when U.S. forces are engaged in conflict withan adversary abroad.

There was no analysis done regarding how the proposed ACP impact the military affectingdefense readiness.



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b.

Military Operations and Mobilization

In the “21st Century Defense”, the operational capabilities of the United States Army maybe

hindered or stopped due to immobilization by roadway or railway due to damage to the ACP.

The proposed ACP is to run parallel Interstate 95 starting near the City of Roanoke Rapids andterminating near the City of Pembroke. Several primary and secondary transport routs of theStrategic Highway Network (STRAHNET)

3 and Strategic Rail Corridor Network (STRACNET)

4

maybe damaged hindering military operations.

The STRAHNET is a 62,791-mile system of roads deemed necessary for emergencymobilization and peacetime movement of heavy armor, fuel, ammunition, repair parts, food, andother commodities to support U.S. military operations5. Even though United States Departmentof Defense (DoD) primarily deploys heavy equipment by rail, STRACNET that consists of38,800 miles of critical rail lines, highways play a crucial role.

The Surface Deployment and Distribution Command Transportation Engineering Agency(SDDCTEA) is the DoD designated agent for public highway matters, including STRAHNETand STRAHNET Connectors. The SDDCTEA identified STRAHNET and the Connector routesin coordination with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the State transportationdepartments, the military Services and installations, and the ports. Together, STRAHNET andthe Connectors define the total minimum defense public highway network needed to support adefense emergency.

There was no analysis done regarding how will the proposed ACP impact on the transportationinfrastructure affecting military operations and mobilization.

4.

CONCLUSION

For the above reasons indicated, the proposed ACP should be cancelled, with prejudice. Thereare safer, more economical and environmentally sound alternatives available that will solveenergy deficits. The builders of the ACP gave reasons in their submittals to FERC not to usewind power or utilize solar power. The technology of Plasma Gasification should be vigorouslyexplored.

a. Alternative Power Source

Plasma Gasification is a process which converts organic matter – including problematic coal ash

– into synthetic gas, electricity, and slag using plasma. A plasma torch powered by an electricarc, is used to ionize gas and catalyze organic matter into synthetic gas and solid waste (slag).

Plasma gasification provides a number of key benefits:

3 See Exhibit 14 See Exhibit 2 5 32 C.F.R. §193, 23 C.F.R. § 470.107, DOD Transportation Engineering, DoD 4510.11, Defense Transportation

Regulation, DOD 4500.9-R-Part III, Appendix F and MOA between SDDC and FHWA for ERFO



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It unlocks the greatest amount of energy from waste

Feedstocks can be mixed, such as municipal solid waste, biomass, tires, hazardous waste,

and auto shredder waste

It does not generate methane, a potent greenhouse gas It is not incineration and therefore doesn’t produce leachable bottom ash or fly ash

It reduces the need for landfilling of waste

It produces syngas, which can be combusted in a gas turbine or reciprocating to produceelectricity or further processed into chemicals, fertilizers, or transportation fuels—therebyreducing the need for virgin materials to produce these products

It has low environmental emissions

This type of “waste-to-energy” process reduce the need for landfill space, decreasing methaneemissions from the decomposition of organic materials in the landfill, reducing the risk ofgroundwater contamination for landfills, and re-uses the “slag” it produces in aggregates andasphalts. The mineral material in the feedstock separates from the gaseous products, and the ashand other inert materials melt and fall to the bottom of the gasifier as a non-leachable, glass-likesolid or other marketable material. This material can be used for many construction and buildingapplications.

Thank you for taking the time to read my comments regarding the proposed ACP. As you canimagine, I am deeply concerned about the wellbeing of my relatives, neighbors, friends, and thisnation should this proposed ACP be implemented. I trust all concerned will use these commentsto gain a better understanding of the possible impacts.

Sincerely,

M Jones

M. JonesA concerned citizen

Enclosures: Exhibit 1 – Strategic Highway Network (STRAHNET): North CarolinaExhibit 2 – Strategic Rail Corridor Network (STRACNET): North Carolina

cc: General Robert B. Abrams, Commanding General, United States Army Forces CommandLieutenant General Stephen J. Townsend, Commanding General, XVIII Airborne CorpsMs. Jean Gibby, United States Army Corps of Engineers – RaleighMr. Dale Beter, United States Army Corps of Engineers – WilmingtonBlue Ridge Environment Defense League (BREDL)Cumberland County Caring Voices (C3V)



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Comments of M. Jones Re: Docket PF15-6-000

January 27, 2016

EXHIBIT A

Strategic Highway Network (STRAHNET): North Carolina



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P o r t o f W i l m i n g t o n

U S 7 0

F r o m I - 4 0 n e a r R a l e i g h t o M o r e h e a d C i t y .

1 3 9

M C A S C h e r r y P o i n t ,

P o r t o f M o r e h e a d C i t y

U S 7 4 ( w e s t e r n )

T a k e U S 7 4 f r o m t h e T e n n e s s e e / N o r t h

C a r o l i n a b o r d e r t o U S 1 9 .

T h e n t a k e U S 1 9 t o I - 4 0 w e s t o f A s h e v i l l e .

1 0 7

N o n e

U S 4 0 1

T a k e U S 4 0 1 f r o m U S 7 4 n e a r L a u r i n b u r g t o N C 2 4 i n F a y e t t e v i l l e .

T h e n t a k e N C 2 4 t o I - 9 5 n e a r F a y e t t e v i l l e .

5 0

F o r t B r a g g ,

P o p e A i r F o r c e B a s e

N C 2 4 ( w e s t e r n )

F r o m I - 9 5 t o U S 1 7 w e s t o f J a c k s o n v i l l e

.

9 2


N C 2 4 ( e a s t e r n )

F r o m U S 1 7 , e a s t o f J a c k s o n v i l l e , t o U S

7 0 w e s t o f M o r e h e a d C i t y .

3 8


U S 7 4 ( e a s t e r n )

F r o m U S 7 4 f r o m I - 2 7 7 i n C h a r l o t t e t o U

S 1 7 .

1 9 1

N o n e

U S 7 6

F r o m t h e S o u t h C a r o l i n a / N o r t h C a r o l i n

a b o r d e r t o U S 7 4 a t C h a d b o u r n .

1 6

N o n e

L a s t U p d a t e d : 3 0 J U L Y 2 0 1 2


17/19

Comments of M. Jones Re: Docket PF15-6-000

January 27, 2016

EXHIBIT B

Strategic Rail Corridor Network (STRACNET)



18/19

Ra I d Administration

ivil Rail Network Source: Federal t

ro

MYRTLE BE CH

onnector

Railroad

\ Railroad Ferry

Proposed

Atlantic Coast Pipeline

(ACP)


19/19

Document Content(s)

FERC_ACP Letter.PDF...................................................1-18


Comment to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)

Documents

Transcript of Comment to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)