Comma Tutorial
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Transcript of Comma Tutorial
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Comma Tutorial
Photo by Richie Diesterheft
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There are four
main rules forcomma usage
Rule One
Use commas to make numbers, place-names, and dates
clear
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Numbers
Use commas to distinguish the hundreds, thousands,millions, billionsand so onplaces
1,000 minutes 5,288,646,999 steps 65,000,000 years
5,280 feet 32,000 ounces
But NOT
12 steps 999 yards 2587 West Maple (addresses)
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Place Names
When writing a more specific location next to a lessspecific (associated) location, use commas
Manhattan, New York SpanishHarlem,Manhattan
Delano District, Wichita Emporia, KansasKansas, United States Saskatchewan, Canada
Hint: Thiscomma rule goes beyond city,state to include all place
names withinbigger place names.
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Dates
Use commas to separate the day and year
November 5, 2008 March 17, 1982 May 3, 1971
If using only month and year, omit the commaNovember 2008 March 1982 May 1971
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Rule Two
Use commas to separate items in a list
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Lists
Use commas to separate three or more items in a list
I went to the grocery store to pick up milk, bread,and ground beef.
The following itemsare due onthe thirteenth:A Bridge too Far,A Bridge over the
River Kwai,and The Bridges of Madison County.
Ralphfinished chapters four,seventeen, eighteen,and twenty-one.
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Rule Three
Use commas to build on to the basic parts of thesentence
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Compound Sentences
Use commas and a conjunction to join two simplesentences
I went to the store I ended up at the busstation
AND
BUT
FOR
NOR
SO
YET
,
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Introductory Phrases
Here is a simple sentence:I like to drive around town.
But all expressions cant be as simple as this. Thats why we
have nonessential phases.
When the weather is nice,, I like to drive around town.
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More Nonessential Phrases
Nonessential phrases can also come up in the middle ofsentences.
The man around the corner, the one in the blue suit, said that
he was looking for you.
Ken, Sallys brother, works at the diner.
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More Nonessential Phrases
I quickly ate my pancakes
Because I was
so hungry,
, before anyone
could sit down ,
, which were, by far,the biggest stack on
the table.
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Rule Four
Use commas to show when you are quoting someoneelses words exactly as spoken or written
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According to Friberg, Fondant isasugar syrup that is recrystallized to acreamy
white paste.
Glucose and cream of tartar are used to invert part of the sugar to achieve the proper
amount of recrystallization,adds the author.
Original text from The Professional Pastry Chefby Friberg:
Possible quotations from the excerpt:
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Note!
Note that, in some cases, the commas will go inside the
quotations. A comma will go inside the quotations if it is
nonessential. If it is not, it will not.
Why, she asked, should I pardon his mistake?
[Why, she asked, should I pardon his mistake?]
[Why should I pardon his mistake?]