Combustion Dynamics Instrumentation For the Most Demanding ... · Combustion Dynamics...

IMI Sensors - A PCB Piezotronics Division

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Combustion Dynamics Instrumentation For the Most Demanding Gas Turbine

Measurement & Monitoring Requirements

https://www.imi-sensors.com/GasTurbineMonitoring.aspx?utm_source=IMI%20Literature%20Link&utm_medium=PDF%20Download&utm_content=PDF%20Link&utm_campaign=PDF%20Link%20to%20Combustion%20Page

The diagram above shows a typical setting for a gas turbine in a power generation plant. Shown within the illustration are the three standard methods of measuring pressure; Remote, Close Coupled and On-Turbine Instability Sensor (OTIS). The red bullets indicate the location of the actual sensor for each different method.

On-Turbine Instability Sensor

Gas Turbine Combustor

“Infinite” Coil

Remote Sensor (located outside of turbine room)

Close Coupled Sensor

Complete specifications available at www.imi-sensors.comToll-free in the USA 800-959-4464 716-684-0003

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Energy & Power Generation

Combustion Dynamics Instrumentation For more than 40 years, PCB® has specialized in the design and manufacture of innovative sensors and measurement systems for the gas turbine market. In those four decades, our expertise in combustion dynamics instrumentation has met the industry’s most demanding requirements for dynamic combustion measurement and turbine engine monitoring.

With the move toward increased fuel efficiency and lower exhaust emissions, today’s gas turbine engines are based on technological innovation yet also bring potential problems. Burning a leaner flame keeps NOx emissions low but at the same time increases instability (combustion dynamics) in the gas turbine engine. This instability can damage components in the combustion chamber such as nozzles, baskets and transition pieces, as well as downstream components such as blades, resulting in downtime and loss of revenue.

IMI’s instrumentation is designed to detect and measure dynamic pressure spikes, pulsations and surges in gas turbine engines. Our pressure sensors have three basic applications for detecting and measuring dynamic pressure phenomena and combustion instability in gas turbine engines: remote sensors, close coupled sensors and On-turbine Instability Sensors (OTIS).

Suggested Sensor Placement

These pressure sensors have either a portable or permanent configuration. Portable systems consist of pressure sensors that are connected to sensing lines running to some or all of the combustors. Similar to the portable systems, permanent systems provide sensors mounted outside the turbine enclosure.

The sensors are then connected through sensing lines (tubing) to each combustor. Because of the long sensing lines involved, the ability to “purge” condensation is required. There are advantages to this simple, low cost approach. Because the sensors are mounted outside the turbine enclosure, the conditions the sensors must endure are relatively mild, thus allowing for the use of less expensive sensors with longer life expectancy. In addition, these sensors can be serviced while the turbine is online.

Remote Sensors - Energy & Power Generation

Combustion Dynamics Instrumentation

Complete specifications available at www.imi-sensors.comToll-free in the USA 800-959-4464 716-684-0003

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ICP® Pressure Sensor Model 121A44

n Sensitivity: 100 mV/psi

n Measurement Range: 50 psi pk

n 316 stainless steel diaphragm

n 1/4” NPT fitting

ICP® Pressure Sensor Model 102M205

n Sensitivity: 50 mV/psi

n Measurement Range: 100 psi pk

n 316 stainless steel diaphragm

n 3/8-24 UNF fitting

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SensorEnclosure

Pressure Sensor( or Series 121)

“Infinite” Coil

TubeLength approx. 10 m

Toll-free in the USA 800-959-4464 716-684-0003 4



Close coupled sensors permanently mounted to a gas turbine are ideal for monitoring combustion dynamics (instability). Operating at a wider frequency range than remote sensors, the high sensitivity and higher-temperature capability of these sensors allow for precision measurement in turbine locations where the application of other instrumentation is not possible.

Close coupling of the sensors to the combustor enables the measurement and detection of dynamic pressure phenomena such as high frequency events that can cause damage to downstream components such as blades. Like the portable and permanent remote sensors, close coupled sensors also require a purging system to eliminate condensation.

Gas Turbine

TubeLength approx. 5 m

“Infinite” Coil

Pressure Sensor (Series 171)

Combustor

Close Coupled Sensors - Energy & Power Generation

In-Line Charge Converter Model 422E55/D

n Sensitivity: 0.5 mV/pC

n Voltage Output: ±2.5 V pk

n Temperature Range (Operating): -65 to +250 °F

n Housing Material: Stainless steel

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High Temperature Pressure Sensor Model EX171M01

n Sensitivity: 1100 pC/psi

n Measurement Range: 10 psi

n 2-pin connector, 1-1/8”-12 UNF-2A port

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Complete specifications available at www.imi-sensors.com

Length approx. 10 mSeries 176 High Temp Pressure Sensor

Inner Wallof Can

045M19 Cable to Charge Amplifier Enclosure

Combustor

Charge Amplifier (Series 422M182)(located outside turbine room)



High Temperature Pressure Sensor Series 176M0X

n Sensitivity: 17 pC/psi n Measurement Range: 20 psi pk

High Temperature Pressure Sensor Series 176MXX

n Sensitivity: 17 pC/psi n Measurement Range: 20 psi pk

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On-Turbine Instability Sensors (OTIS) - Energy & Power Generation

Differential Charge Amplifier Model 422M182

n Sensitivity: 4 mV/pC

n Voltage Output: ±5 V pk


Differential Charge Amplifier Model 421A3X

n Sensitivity: Configurable

n Voltage Output: ±5 V pk


Differential Charge Amplifier Model EX682A40

n Sensitivity: 10 mV/pC

n Voltage Output: ±2.5 V pk


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High Temperature Pressure Sensor Model 176A02

n Sensitivity: 6pC/psi n Measurement Range: 725 psi pk n Integral hardline cable

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High temperature sensors directly mounted to the combustor basket provide 24/7, consistent, reliable combustion dynamics data monitoring so that tuning changes can be made at anytime. On-Turbine Instability Sensors allow for diagnostics, part fatigue analysis and the ability to continuously monitor and control emissions. The higher frequency capability of the OTIS sensors enable the use of auto-tuning and online diagnostic monitoring systems. In addition, these sensors provide an output that can easily connect to legacy combustion dynamics monitoring systems. By having sensors directly mounted to the combustor, operators save time during combustion analysis.





Vibration monitoring of gas turbines can provide crucial information to diagnose potential problems, leading to an increase in uptime and a decrease in unplanned maintenance, catastrophic failures and accidents.

Very High Temperature Charge Accelerometer with Integral ICP® Amplifier Series EX600B1X

n Sensitivity: 10 mV/g (EX600B14) or 100 mv/g (EX600B13

n Measurement Range: ±50 g (EX600B13) or 500 g (EX600B14) pk

n Frequency Range: 3.5 kHz

n Mounting: Through holes

Extreme Temperature Charge Accelerometer Series 357D9X

n Sensitivity: 2.3 pC/g (357D92 and 357D93) or 5 pc/g (357D90 and 357D91)

n Measurement Range: ±1000 g pk


n UHT-12TM element

High Temperature Accelerometers - Energy & Power Generation

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High Temperature Charge Accelerometer Model EX615A42

n Sensitivity: 100 pC/g

n Measurement Range: ±200g

n Frequency Range: 5 kHz

n Electrical Connector: Integral cable

Very High Temperature Charge Accelerometer Model EX619A11


n Measurement Range: ±500g


n Electrical Connector: Integral cable

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High Temperature Charge Accelerometer Model 612A01


n Measurement Range: ±100g pk


n Electrical Connector: 2-Pin MIL-C-5015

Innovations in high temperature accelerometer technology for gas turbine monitoring now enable vibration measurement in extreme heat environments up to +1200 °F (+649 °C). IMI’s high temperature accelerometers come in a variety of frequencies, temperature ranges and configurations. Integral charge amplifiers allow for use with standard data acquisition equipment.

Extreme Temperature Charge Accelerometer Model EX611A00




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Low Noise, TFE Jacketed, Coaxial Cable 10-32 Coaxial Plug to BNC Plug 003CXX Cabling

Polyurethane, Twisted Pair Cable with Composite 2-Socket MIL-style Connector to BNC Plug 052FVXXXAC Cabling


Accessories

Low Noise, PFA Jacketed Cable, 2-socket 7/16 MIL to 2-Socket MIL-C-5015 045M19 Cabling

Polyurethane Cable, Composite 2-Socket MIL-style Connector to BNC Plug 052BRXXXAC Cabling

Polyurethane Cable, BNC Plug to Pig Tails 052ACXXXAD Cabling

Low Noise, PFA Jacketed Cable, ET Connector to Pigtails 045M21 Cabling

Low noise, PFA Jacketed,Twisted Pair Cable 2-Socket MIL to BNC Plug 045ERXXXAC Cabling

Accessories - For On-Turbine Instability Sensors

Accessories - For Remote Sensors For Close Coupled Sensors

XXX = Denote cable length, 010 = 10 feet (Metric lengths available)


Extreme Temperature Charge Accelerometer Model EX611A00




n UHT-12™ element

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Combustion Dynamics Instrumentation For the Most Demanding ... · Combustion Dynamics...

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