THE ADVOCATJ<; OF INDUSTRY AND ENTERPRISE, AND JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL AND OTH E R IMPROVEMENTS. =-==-'---, -=== s:::

VOLUME I., NEW-YORK, THURSDAY, jI/IAHCH 5,1846. [NUMBEH. 25.] ������������������������������ ____ �_·. _____ -_ft __ ���

LEW IS'S L 0 COM 0 T I V ElM PRO V E MEN T I '"' M;;, .ddi���::��?'�;;>':" """". "

'flIlILiJ) §@)1l]l�lJU')J@ '&\lm�lJ@£:iW l'UIlLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING, AT THE

SUK BUILDINGS, -Entrance 128 Fulton st., and 89 Nassau st.­

AlrIlO, AT NO. 13 COURT ST., BOSTON, AND No.29 AR­CADE, PHILADELPHIA.

(The Principal Office being at New York,)

By ItUI!�US PORr.rER.

Each number of this paper is turnished with from two to five ORIGINAL ENGRAVINGS,many of them elegant, and jllustrative of Nllw INVENTIDNS, SCIENTIFIC PRINCI­PLES, and CURIOSITIES; and contains as much Interest­ing Intelligence as six ordinary daily papers, consisting of notices of the progress of Mechanical and other Scienti­fic Improvements,-Americaa and Foreign Inventions; Catalogues of American Patents,-Scientific Essays, il­lustrative of the priaciples of the Sciences of MECHA­NICS, CHEMISTRY, aad ARCHITECTURE ;-Inst,uction in various Arts and Tradcs ;-Curious Philosophical Expe­ments;-Miscellaneous Intelligence, POlltry and,occa-­sionally, Music.

TERMS.-" The Scientific American � will be furnished to subscrihers at $2, per annum,-one dollar in ad­vance, and the balance in six months.

Five copies wi! I be sent to one address six mDnths, for four dollars in advance. Any llersoa pro�uring four or more subscribers, will be entitled to a commission of twenty-five cellts each. TERMS OF ADn:RTISING.-For 10 lines, or Ics�, 50

�nts ror the first, and 121-2 cen ts for every subsequent Insertion.

------" :--,-� ,-The Nothingness of }�al'tb.

Genius, Its fairest flowers,

Awhile they brightly bloom-Yet fade, el"� scarce we call them ours, Upward they soar in lofty eagle flight,

Till death, with sir,klesllre,doth real' their bloRsoms bright. Loves flame,

How pure it burns; Vet oft it, Jight grows dim,

Fl'om earth, cach fond affcction tmns, And, likc llle dove, it seek� above its rest,

B�l\tath n Sa'. iour's pinions. ther" f(,r�vel' hlpst, .r'ame's wreath,

Ru,. bright it twines Its garlands round the brow,

Wrilinl( applause in magic lines; Y ct, when this life is o'er, oh what is fame?

Wh!\l are it� laurels, then? They're but all empty name. Honol',

'Tis but of earth 1 Its titled pageantries,

Bnt for a time survive their birth, Alike ambition's sweep, they pass away,

Their fonllest hopes depart, their dazzling dreams decay. lGIory,

The martial lay, It thrills the warrior's soul,

The swelling music melts away; Hush'd is the bugle'S blast, the cannon's roar,

'rhe soldier's ear is mute, he hears thy voice no more.

Power, Say where! oh where

Is laid thy rosy wreath 1 Its hues, o'ershadowed now by care ,

The halllilies still, which mighty sceptres swayed, And strewn around, the fragments of the battle blade.

Earth! Earth! Thy glories fade.

Thy riches take their flight, Unerring Death thy paths invade,

Genius, Love, Honor, Glory, Power, and Fame, His hand hath power to crush, with sure and certain aim.

Try Again.

'Tis a lessDn YOIl should heed, Try again; If at first you don't sueceed,

Try again; Then your courage should appear, For if you will persevere, You will conquer, never fear,

Try agaiu. Once or twice though you should fail,

Try again; If at last you would prevail,

Try again; If we strive, 'tis no disgrace, Though we may not win the race; What should you do in that case 1

Try again. If you find your task is hard,

Try again ; Time will bring you your reward,

Try again; All that other folks ean do, Why, with patience, may not you? Only keep this rule in view,

Try again! �

Bad Water.

I ask'd a man as I passed by, Whl' he did Brandy drink-

" The water's bad," was the reply, A poor excuse I think.

Add bad to bad, 'tis sure to make It worse no one will doubt; Such water, if compelI'd to take, Just leave the poison out. �

DRESSING CHILDREN.-Children's clothes should never be so.> tight round the waist but tbat you may pass your hand freely between their clothes and �ody, �e knew a lady who made a daily prac­tice of domg so after her children we re dressed. It is essential to the health of the child and a saving ,� the pocket of tbe patent, in the w? .. y of Doctors' bIlls, &0.

Science and Useful Arts. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repre­

sentatives of the United States of America in Con­gress assembled,-That any person who may be in possession of, or in any way interested in, any pa­tent for an invention, discov9rY, or improvement, issued prior to the fil1:eenth day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-six, or in an assignment of any patent, or interest therein, executed and record cd prior to the said fiftecnth day of December, may, without charge, on presentation, or transmission thereof to the Commissioner 01 Patents, have the iame re­corded anew in the Patcnt Officc, togcther with the descriptions, specifications of claim, and drawings annexed or belonging to thc samc; and it shall be the duty of the Commissioner to cause the same, or any authenticated copy ot the original record, spe­cification, or drawing, which he may obtain, to be transcribed and copied into books of record to be kept for that purpose j and wherever a drawing was not originally annexed to the patent and referred to in the specification, any drawing produced as a de­lineation of the invention, heillg verified by oath in such mallner as the Commissioner shall require, may be transmitted and placed on file, 01' copied all aforesaid, togelher with certificate of the oath; or such drawings may be made in the office, under the direction of the Commissioner, in oonformity with the specification. And it shall be the duty of the Commissioner to fake such measures ail may be ad .. vised and determined by the Board of Commission­ers provided for in the fourth section of this act, to obtain the patents, specifications, and copies afore­said, for the purpose of being so transcribed and re­corded. And it shall be the duty of each of the se-

D --

b - . - , . . . . , . veral clerks of the judicial courts of the United r.�CRIPTlON.-The a ove eut reprcsents all nlll'fOvement upon the Locomotive Engllle, whIch has hecn long 80ught after. The object of States to transmit as soon as may be to the Com-whioil is to prevent the Locomotive f rom rlmllill� ofr the track. In all the former plans that have hecn tried, the great difficulty of success has missioner of the P�tent Office a statenient of all the

been to make them harmonizc with tlte Idoti"ll "I' tlte Locomotive, I:MIsed oy the undulations ill the railf;, tl,('rnhy giving- great friction and conse· authenticated copies of paten'ts, descriptions, speci­ljuclll dprangeIncnt to the machinery. This :,impie eontrivancc consists of two whcels, called SaJHy Gnirlf' \Vhp·�ls, of 1t peculiar COllstructiony �cations, and drawings of .invenHons and di�cover­awl if attached to the front end of the fra.me 0" I he LOI:()UlOtive, or trllck, as the C�tiC may be; having three important 1l10tionf; as follows :-First; ICS made and execut�d prIOr to the aforesaid ��th A verti cal motion' any required pl'eHoUre ,I:J:�( lie <riVilIl these w!tl!n[s

,to lIla!<c them arllh;re more securely to Ihe rails by means of a set.screw l day ot December, wluch may be found on the. Iles . ' f ' I I 'I , b . - - ,

-, , ' . • • of his office' and also to make out and transmit to op.�riltmg

l· upon.

a pofweh

r uLI sprlllg- � t IrOll? I � I"" ar�cncYl?I, th:;; �I_:pflng-. Lw,l' yn Illilfdt:J, also .• [0 a,c]',cl'ollJnl(\�lai(l! tlhcm�eJvcl s, wltl

fllOut l'etardmg fnc-. �ald Commi�sionerl for record as aforesp.id, a certi-tlon, 1.0 t Ie IfI�tlOll �

,t c ,ocomotl�e, call�e,; 'r l:le'[llft !tle� III tie UPf,Cl s;"'".<1�e,u I I.� ral�';. ,, 1'�se wnCl�,-; I, <lVC ','ttc 1, two an

,ges, one �o :>pe. I fled copy (lr ('very �ur.h patent, de!'c.-ip!lon, sP, ecifi­T�l1.t.: on caelJ �](lc of tne raIl. In t'll� !)1f)tJf':�, 'hc' .. -"ll'-�;·!:; ae� :-;er.:U·'ltpI1., " , . �!. �( '�." .•. ' . . ·"d,." • . . 1. . • ,) l"!.� > � .... " .' ��l ·,�:..:'·rl·;,·jjtn. ,.",(�" •• : .d. , �_ .. .;. ... &.,...,J ctra\rV1ng, '\lVJllt;fl �HaH oespCCJulr,V requIred

'.' iP"""" LV l""ill1l:; It ,'jl" cHlIe1' "lilt! U1 'Ilt: "U!, Ii \\111 IW ""I'l Iii Ill') lL ii' :: , >',;b l" 1<'" :, !l ';,ut�.r upon the rail, by its fellow on the opposite i by said Commissioller . ou�, where it �s more �ecurely hcld to th,' ],,1 i! hy the rais,'d wlted, thl Oil;..! ! tile ill(':aey or tile til'l'i!J;� ah,we-lJIontioncd. Secolld: a horizontal SEC. 2. And be it fU!'(her ena�ted, Thatcol)ies of allll cireular motion, to allow these whe:!1" 10 take allY rcqllirerl cllrr .. iii Ih·' lraek. They ad. in th('se mutiollf; together, or jointly, being firmly sll.ch. rccord al�d (�rawlllgs, certified �y, the Com­connected with strong iburs, having a moveable joillt al. tl", i r .. :\ I rf'lIlC ellci� al !Jlwi ng-, however, bl1t little motion. Third-a lateral motion, to mISSI?ner, o�, III �IS absen�e, by the.cluel clerk, sh,aU ena

, ble these wheels to COliform to the inequalities occasiollcd hy I he d i�Jlb ('\lleut or t

,hc miL fi'OIll

, their original pos it ion, either inwa r d or out.

bee n Pt�lInnaafinac

dleof �v

tllde

pn

ace

teonft

threanPt

ardtlct

Ullear

es

ti°f �he lll-

d b f f & & '1'1 I 1 I l' I d , I l ' I 'rh .

I V. lO Ie g e l r or, III any ,�aJ' , y means 0 rost, we�r, c. c. Ie w lee,s m�ve :lte�a Iy ; yl'.t t.wy 0 !lot re.vo. ,'('I o� � lelr ax e. e a�rallgel1lent III t Ie constr�lC- judicial court of the United States, in all cases tlon of these wheels, and their attachment to the LocomotIve, IS snnplc, very strong, COllsIstmg or few pal'ts, and not lIkely to get out of workmg where copies of tbe original record or specification I)rdei·. H. L. B. LEWIS. and drawings would be evidence, without proof of EXPLANATION OF TilE PLATE.-This beillg a III'''''' "irl" vi,'IV, Iii" p"l:u1ial'i<i"" of lit" improvcment are Hot all fully represented; but it will be tit? loss of such ori.ginals; and no patent issued

seen t.hat the posts A rise from the Jorward ('lid "I' til" ·/tafr.. ; :111(1 th .. tw,) 1'",;1, ,Ire t:oilnected hy an elipli.�-spl'ing (or feather-spring) and at the pnor to, the aforesaid fifteenth day of Dec.emb�r centre of the sprinO' is a round vertical shaft ",hi .. h t!·'-I'·'11I1., I" the t'ralllt'-I'i"r!; C which is supported oy the wheels' so that by turninO' a sh�ll, alter the firfilt day 01. June ue�t, he rec�lVed 111

h d., h l B ' d ' , . " '1'\ ' . , . ? • ., evulence m any of the Said courts III beha!! of the screw· nut or an -w .ee, at . ,any l'equ�rc pre�'lIre I:I:IY I)j' throwll 1),1 tilL' ":lIlde-I�'h"eb., , . Ie dC�Cen(\lll:� U'OIl ;:;t�ap, D, IS mtc�l([ed to carry a patentee or other pcrsoll who shall be in possession brush at the bottom, If reqUired. Auy mformatlOu WIth regard to thc sale .>1 the rlg-ht 01 till:; fl;lproVG!II'.'ut to Rudr(lad Compalllcs, may be had of the same, unless it shall have been so recorded of George GitWrd, Esq., 17 Wall st., N. Y. The model:> may be seen at 87 \Vall,el' A. anew, and a drawing of the invention, if separate � __ ��"""""'''''''''''''''''''''=��''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''=",!"'''''�'-� ...... .,... ....... ="""" ...... ,,,,_._tt_ .'''---.�·'''_-.�.-,.. Irom the patent, verified as aforesaid, deposited in

C�;�Lf:;;--B�x�s---�;�-' STEELE�-j��RNA-Zi��R-r ---C���-INNA�-I�':':::';i'ilis thrivill �' city i� hllilt on tw;;-'/ S·I'. PAUL'S CLOCK, LONDON.-A writer in tile the Patent Office; nor shall any written assignment AXI.ES.-We have ofwn. been led to reflect t

,I.pon l

,he

I t�bles of land, ri,'ill� .I ike teIT,I""") tl;C 0;1<.: ,elcv<ttl:ll ' I,Iartfi)l'd COUl'll;nt thus describes the clock-wor!is in

, of any sllch patent, executed and recorded prior to enormous expense for oIl on many of our railroads; sixty feet abovc tlte nve,., all(1 !he o(lIer Illere tiitul tlle towei' of thiS cathedral:-The pendulum IS 14 the said 15th day of December, he received in evi­

and to inquire if there is no remedy-no suhstitute OIlC hundred lect. The rive;' i.-; so v;tl'i.lblc as not !l�et long, and the weight at the end is one cwt; the dence in any of the said eOUl'tl:! in behalf of the as­for, or avoiding of, this enormous expense; but we I to admit of wharves, but the IJlIIUCrUllS ;Jleu:lluoals dials Oil the outside are regulated by a smaller one signee or other person in pos�esclion thereof, until it have not been successful unless it is to be found III i whkh arc to be l:!Cell here at a:l tlilled nrc moored within; tIle length of the minute hands on the ex- shall have been so recorded anew. the adoption of the steeled journal and the clnlled ' to the bank, which is pre('.ipil,,",,', qUite lUll Illuch so l.;riol' dials arc eight feet, and the wei<rht of each 75 SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, 'fhat, when­�ox. ':Ve were made acquain�ed with this pecu- fhr conveniellce. The l!igl:'Y!, ;oj;:" 01'. the ri�cr

IPOlllldS; the le�lglh of the hour hand is"5 f�et 9 inch- ever it shall appear to the Commissioncr that any

liar artIcle, about two years smcc, at Newcastle, above low-water Ilmrk, I� ahoul �lXty leel. 'I he e8, and the wClght 45 pounds each; the diameter of patent was destroyed by the burning of the Patent Delaware, where they arc manufactured, a�d had city is regularly laid OUi, ,til,! HUITO\llhled OJ! LWO the dials is 18 feet 10 inches, and the length of the Office building on the aforesaid 15th day of Decem­been in use for a lenth of time, as we were mfol'm- sides by steep hill�, Jill'mGt! by iayer,; of earth alld hour figures 21eet 2 inches. . bel', 01' was otherwise lost priol' thereto, it shall be ed, with entire success. i,\nd we hav� been recent- strata oj' gnly ({,ssil lime sloilc. On thc uppc;' ta- The fine toned bell, which strikes, is clearly dis- his duty, on application therefor by tho patentee or ly !nformed . that a car With s,teeled Jo�rual�, and ble have heen JOHnd te(�th aT:,1 other hOll?" of tbe tinguishc(l fi'om every other .bell in the me�ropolis, other pcrson interested therein, to issue a new pa­chilled cast Iron boxes, filled With palm otl, run fWIll mastodoll and ummmoth. Nome of lite lulls have and has been heard at the distance of20 mlles. It tent lor the samc invention or discovery, bearing s?me tin�e ill April to Decel?be�, without the ad

,

di- been extcn�iVeI,y qUarried" luj' the H.akc or the .Ht�lles 1 ig about 10 foet in dill;meter. and is said to weigh the date of the original patent, with his certificate

hon of 011, or any other lubl'ICatmg substance, and they cOlltam, and also to 1I1:liH' '-;1[eH fiw bmldmg. about 4 1-2 tons. TIns bell IS tolled on the death thereon. that it was made and issued pursuant to t�e journal�, after this service, were .in g?�d condi- On one of th.em _the ci�ize�JS have ercded an obscl'- of any member ofthe royal fam�ly, or the lord may- the provisions of the third section of this act, and lIon. If this be s.o--;-and wecnn rely ImplICI tly upon vatory, and fu�mshed.lt \vlt�1 a vrdnable telescope; lor, bishop of London, 01' dean ot the cathedral. shall enter the same of record: Pravidecl however, our informant-Is It not for the mterest 01 every and Mr. PrentICe, cell tor 01 (he LOUlclvllle Journal, . _"ou"",.,.,.,.,,"',,_ 'I'hat before such patent shall be issued, the appli-railroad company in the country to adopt them? I says, that the people of Ciuo;iull:l1i have lUonopo- ONB OF '1'IIE1I1.-'; A little cobbler 0(' the uI'per cant therefor shall dcpostic in the Patent Office a 'i'he first cost cannot be much more than for th� or- lized the moon, forbidding ttl

, 1 pClson

, s frOlIl looking part of our city, is so anxious to be up in the world, duplicate, a$ ncar as may be, of the original model,

dinary boxes and journals-even though the Jour- at" the silvery qneen or night." \illlc�R they pay that hc will work industriously for several weeks drawings, and descriptions, with specificatiens of llals of the axles are plated with steel-as the boxes " trilmte to themselves. until he has earned some six or eight dollars, when the invention or discovcry, verified by oath, as shall are of'iron, cast upon a chill, and are of COHrSI') --"mN,.,;H-,N" "-- renouncing his llpron and last, he dons a first rate be required by the Commissioner; and such patent much lesa expensive than composition boxe� . . ·-R, Ef'FBc'I'S 0,' A SI'HBB.-Mr. Cuugh relates the suit, and takes board at the Astor, where he may be and copies of such drawings and descriptions, d�ly R. Journal. I eirculUstance of a young Englishman-the son of a seen strutting about with the utmost confidence, certified, shall be admissible as evidence in any JU-

-�""""''''--. -. . I person holding a high position und er Government "ivinO' orders like a lord to the serv:>nts, and exhi- droial court of' the United States, �nd shall prot�ct TAE SLAVE TRADE,-;-The Liberia Hc�aldrlt'.'tes --�ho, being on a _tDU� of Oh8el"VatlOu throughthe bitinghimseIf with a segar and opera glas!; on the the rights of the patentee, his admmlstratofs, helrs,

that the slavers at Galh�as are at length forced 111�� I

United State�, fellm With b�uI company ll;t .RocI�cs- Astor House steps, u�til his money runs out, when and assigns, to the extent only in which they would a rather unpleasant predIcament. :rhey have bem. , tel', and was Illduced, wlule 1ll a s�ate 01 llltoxlca- he a"ain returns to hiS work-bench, to save enough have been protected by the original patent and spe-lately so �Iosely watched. by the crUIsers as not to be I tion, to exchange a large amoun� Df gol� half-ea�les \ to h;ve another blowout as he calls it." cification. able to ship any slaves slllce the Atalanta left. The for what purported to be an eqUIvalent III AmerICan __ ,#",,,,,;.,,,,,,,,,,__ '1'0 be continued. Patuxent's cargo of three hupdred was ready, and bills. The �ext day I!e attempted to pass on� .of EpJ'EOTUAL REMEDY I'OR A BURN.-Takc one -"",.".,.,.,.--,.,.-had be�n marc�e� �own to C,ape Mount, as SOllle- I th? notes, winch was ?Iscove�'�d to he a countCl':C1t; ounce of' bee's wax, with four ounces 01 Burgundy PAINTING IN CHARACTER.-Some of the old where I� the .VIClmty of which they, would have I tl!IS te� to the searclll�g .of ms. person, and o'�ler pitch, simmered together in an earthen vessel, in as painters have tallcn into ludicrous blunders in the been shipped III t:vo or three �ays, II she. had uot ! bJlls ot the same d?SCrlptlOn bemg found upDn !llm, mucli sweet oil as will soften them into the consis- accessories oftheir compositions, whilst.their minds been take ••. ThIS l�st hope belllg c�t off, It �eems, 'I he was arreste�, tr.led, and sent to the State prIson, tency of salve when cool. Stir the liquid when were employed in their principal subject. T�us the s.!a.vers, III despair of an opportulllty to sh.lp, �Ild where he now IS. lor five yeal's, taken frDm the fire till quite cool. Keep it Irom the Tintoreto in a picture representing the Israelites unwillIng to bea.r any I?nger the expense of feedl�g " " :---"""""""_-''''''''''-- ''' ,1 'I air in a tight box or jar. 'Yhen used, sI!r�ad it o'atherin� manna in the desert, has armed the the slaves, emp�l�d their barracoons, and gave away.

,ANBCJ)01 E OF GEN. KO;jGItJSKO.-Ko�\,IUS,W

.once thinly on a cloth, and apply lt to the llart lllJured. Hebrews" with guns! Breugholi, a celebrat��

the slaves, or diVide. them among the h�ad men 01 Lml?loyed!i yO�fJg man, whuse name was Zeltner, , Open the burn with a needle to let out the water, Dutch painter, in a picture of the Easte:n Magl.l, the county, to labor for them as an eqUIvalent for to rIde a few Illiles on the home whICh he usually I till it heal� has dressed Ihis fiO'ures after the fashIOn of Ius their feod, with the promise given that they should. i rode himself: On his return young Zeitner said I ' '-'

_oNUN-N#o'",""""'- own country. One" of the Indian kings appears b� promp�ly returned when there was an opportu- I that he. wou�J n?ver ride his !!orsc again,. unlci:!s he I A B[(,JGBlt HOLE.-A gcntleman seeing a heap in a large white surplice, with bools and �purs, and lIIty to ship them. (5uve Ius pUlse at the same tUllC • . KOSCIUSko ash- f bb',l i I'. rt- ard called a servent and bearing in his hand, as a present to the mfant Sa-

-,,,"'u,.,.,,'''''"�· . mg what he meant, he answere;l, .. "\" SOOIl a� a 1 o :u I� 1 -I� lIS c0l;t Y , . . "y viD\lI', a model of a Dutcli seventy-four! AMALGAMA'rION AND 'rHE CHARIVARIC BAND.- pDor man takes ofr his hat and asks for charity, the' isLed hllll \\IIy he dl� not �art \t. �'\tt o� _N-N#o,N""-

rrhere has been quite a stir recently in New Or- horse immediately stands still, and won't stir till ,��ve no .cart, yDU� ,onor, rep lef th

e ser:an d ECLIPSES FOR 1846.-This year there will be two leans in consequence of a marriage of a white man , something is given to the petitioner; and a8 I had . r�e? dlgh

a l�,ole '!A tI:t ch'rner 1 �lll � c�tl

r a; t eclipses bOtil of the sun. The first is an eclipsl:' named Buddington, a teller in the Canal. Bank, to no money about me, I was obliged to make believe )�t Ii mto � 3;t. t d' 11 7 �r�s

I I Ie 'l� �d th of the s�n, on the 25th of April, visible in all partlC' the negro daughter of one of the wealthiest mer- I to give somethinO' in order to satisfy the horse !" t lat am TIOwlllt 0 big kh od

e k 10 h l

sa\

e of tlte United States. The second is an annular chants. Buddington, before he could be married, -':��- - servan_t. y, o.c, . ea ,ma .e a �,e a�ge

l' f th 0 t b 19th invisible in the was obliged to swear that he had negro blood in his THE SUGAR BUSINEss.-The 25,000 hhd�. of enough to hold the dirt and rnbblsh too, rephed u;R:� Stat:s.8un, c o er .; , '

veins, and to do �his he mad� an incision in his arm I sugar mallufac�ured in Louisiana in 1818, has now the gentleman. -"'-'uNHoI#__ _N��"-aDd put some of her blood In the cut . The cere- I swelled to conSiderably more than 200,000 hhds., . . IRON 01' GREAT BRITAIN.-Of the quantity of mOLlY was performed by a Catholic clergyman, and the product of 764 sugar estates, employing nearly A . NA�RO� EscAPE.-Mr. Diven, ofElnura, was

iron South Wales produces 279 1-2 thousand tons. the 6ridegroom has received with his wife a for- I 500 steam engines, and giving employment to over I p�ssmg III IllS �agon along � road near Hornells- Staffordshire 210 1-2, Shropshire 81 1-4, Scotland tune of fifty or sixty thousand dollars. The natives i 50 000 hands. Some 500 cotton planters are now I vIlle, when hearmg a 10';1d nOise, he 10,oked up and 37 3-4 Yorkshire 33, Derbyshire 22 1-2, and North serenaded him with such abominable music, that to \. pr�paring to go into the sugar business. At the I found a I�rge log tumbhng down a hIll, along the

Wale� 25. The quantity has increased 100,000 get rid oftheir discord he paid them $400, ,to be used same rate of increase, Louisiana will be able to foot of which tile r?ad ran; he Jumped out and es-or charitable purposes. supply the whole Union in twenty years, caped, but the vehIcle was crushed to atoms. tons per annum.

© 1846 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC.

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2 > Science of Mechanics. The Art of Painting. GalvaniBn.

NEW-YORK, THURSDAY, MARCH 5.

(Continued from No. 24.) Continued from No. 24. Continued from No. 24.

THE ART OF SAILING.-Although sailors arc not ELECTRO-PLATING.-Six circular batteries, or a generally considered and spoken of as mechanic9,yet plate battery containing six pairs of plates, connec-the spars, blocks, rigging, and sails, of a sailing ves- ted consecutively, are required for ordinary gold sel, are of mechanical construction, and the wor�- plating ; and the articles to be plated must be tho-ing and managing of them is strictly a mecham- roughly cleanse d by being washed in a weak solu-cal operation, and as much dependent on mechanical tion of potash, and brushed with a jeweller's brush laws and principles, as the working of a mill. T he d ipped in refined whiting and water. It is not re-first sail ever used was probably a garment distended quisite to specify particularly the proportions of the

POST MA STERS-Who receive this paper, will to catch the breeze ; and it would require but little different solutions, to be mixed in forming a com-conler a special favor by mentioning the subject oc- experience to establish the lact, that a vessel could pound for imitations of jewel gold al loys i for the casionally to scientific mechanics. be propelled by means of sails, in a direction differ- color produced depends much on the temperature of

� ent from the wind. It still remains a mystery with the solutions and the action of the batteries. In AGENTS WANTED.-Many travelling and local many, that the power of wind can he so applied as general, four parts of gold with two of copper anp

agents are wanted, to introduce and extend the cir- to propel a vessel in an almost opposite direction ; one of silver solutions, by measure, (prepared lW culation of this paper, in overy principal village in yet a mathematical calculatian may be made by a directed in former numbers) may be a fair medium. ,

, d the United States. very simple process, by which may be ascertallle It may be proper, in this business, to put the batte-To CORREspo�munications of the force which is applied to a vessel in one diree- ries in complete order, by cleansinu: them, and add-

J. H. R. and J. T., will receive due attention. With tion, by wind, wh ich is moving in another. The ing new saline solutions e very morning ; though a

regar d to the crank-motion, we shall illustrate the force, or pressure, of a wind whieh travels at the good batte ry will continue to work tolerably we�l rate of ten miles an hour, against the surface of a two or three days without any other attention thaa subject by a d iagram and demonstration, in two or

three weeks. Several persons have sent us the pro- sail placed square belore it, is nearly eight ounces that of replenishing the sulphate of copper, to keet blem of 19 trees in 9 rows of 5 in each ; but as it is per square foot ; or 50 Ibs. on sail ten feet square. i t saturated. Be careful to see that all the connee..

d But I' f the �al'l bEl placed obll'quely at an angle of tions are perfect, and let the platina pole-pol'nt bl. not original, having been before publishe , we must � , ..

decline its insertion, lest the Post-office and mails five dearees with the direction of the wind, the immersed in the compound solu tion in the font, b�

should be too extensively patronized by a multipli- quantity'"

of surface then presented to that direction lore the articles to he plated, are put in. T hese ar-will be but 70 feet, and the force applied, will be 35 ticJes, as before remarked, must be kept in contatt city of an.wers. .

� Ibs., in a directionat rJght angles, with the face of with the negative wire, or with each other, while OUR NEXT NUMBER.-We have in preparation , the sail, or 25 Ibs., in a direction at r ight angles LANDSOAPE P 11 INTiNG ON WALLs ,-ln applying some of them at least are in contact with this wire ;

:lnd shall pre�-ent np.xf, weekI a set of large engra- with that of the wind. As the sail is placed more the foliage or leaves to the trees of the first dis- and the articles must be often turned or changed in vings, representing an invention which stands pro- obliquely, or is restricted by the position of the ves- tance, especial ly to the oaks and hickories, a pecu- their position. If the font contains a gallon of tlte minent among the great modern improvements,- sel to a direction more opposite to that of the wind liar brush is required,consisting of a large sized new solution, and the batteries are working strong, i t Gen. Semple's Prairie Steam Car, calculated the force becomes diminished, till reduced to O. As, paint brush of the fine soft kind, wound or bound will be sufficient for the pole-point to dip one-eighth to run on the great Prairies of the West. This in- a general rule, the position of the sail, should be at with twine nearly half the length of the bristles, so of an inch deep in the solu t ion i and a proper me­vention, in the practicability and success of which a medium angle, between the direction of the wind, that the extreme point may be reduced in size, and diuni distance between the jewelry and the pole­we have heretofore expressed our fullest confidence, and that of the motion of the vessel j by which ar- may be a little flattened by applying opposite sides point may be about four inches. If the alloy ap­is calculated to enhance the value of the Western range me nt, the sail becomes relieved from the pres- alternately to the work ; this brusb. improves, how- pears too yellow, or does not shew sufficient copper, land, and as such is particularly interesting to the sure of the wind, by the forward motion of the ves- ever, by being worn. With this bru iih, and by . the articles may be placed nearer to the pole-point, public at the present time. sel, as is il lustrated by the diagram at the foot of little practicc, a learner may soon be able to pro. or the latter may be immersed deeper. If the sil-

� .. � .. � this article ; the direction of the wind being from A d uce, by rapid sleight, representations of clusters of ver does not sufficiently appear, t he quantity of elec-To our Patrons. to C, against the face of the sail, B D, and the di- foliage similar (but 011 a large scale) to those repre- tricity may be reduced, or the articles placed at a

E very body knows that the wonderful operation of the magnetic telegraph is effected by means of battel'ies. I t is now reported that the Battery at the foot of Broadway is to be used for telegraphic operation.

A shower of live w��ral miles, has lately fallen upon the snow, above Concord, N. H. This circumstances is well authenticated, and has excited serious alarm.

The English ship Charles is repprted to have been recently caught in a violent storm during which she scudded round for four d ays in a hurri­cane circle, thus proving the Espy theory of storms.

On Thursday last, at Exeter, N. H., the thermo- · meter indicated eighteen degrees below zero, at 7 o'cloek, A, M. It was 7 below zero, in this city, on Friday morning.

The c��i;�t an ad-d ress to the citizens of Boston, Mass., expressing much good will, and strongly deprecating the occur­reuce of ho stilities between the two nations.

A "Villllin�ton, S. C., paper states that the trees are putting out their foliage, and that several kinds of flowers are in full bloom in the gardens, in all the beautie!! of Spring,

One h���x ty thousand pails, have been transported over the Fitchburg Railroad, from the manufactories in Worcester County, within the last three months.

Messrs. Fisher & Martin, of Newport, Me. have discovered, and arc in daily ' practice of a method of uniting cast steel to cast iron. We have seen the eflect, but the art ill kept a secret.

There is nothing novel in these magnetic inven­tions, said a baker ; we have always used light­ning in making bread. True, replied old Dorothy, you have practised lightening your weight at least.

The venerable Albert Galatin estimates the cost of a war with England at $65,000,000 a-year, be­sides causing a reduction of 50 per cent. in the U. S. revenue. Not very desirable.

A lady in Boston having taken a severe cold, complained to her hlllsband that it was difficult and l)ainful to "read. " I would not try my dear," was the soothing reply of the kind husband.

An exchange paper announces that great im­provements are to be made on the Niagara Fall�. Whether the height and perpendicular descent is to be increased, it does not inform us.

Having for six months persevered in encounter- rection o f the vessel, C E. Now if the motion of sented in figures B and C, in the cut. The appli- greater distance fro m the positive point. If th� so­ing and surmounting the ordinary difficulties attend- the sail be as rapid as that of the wind , the latter cation of colors in form iug the tops of trees, is tech- lution is weak, by exhaustion or otherwise, or the ing the introduction of a new paper, notwithstand- will effect no pressure whatever on the former ; and nically termed bushing the trees, &c. The foliage operation of' the b attery is dull, the silver will ap­ing the embarrassment of severe casualties by fire, it is plain, that if the sail has any motion whatever of elms is more conveniently formed by !l. very large pear to predominate, especial ly if the solution is and the general want of confidence, induced by the towards ·E, it becomes thereby rel ieved from the brush already half-worn ; as the paint requires to cold. If the solution is kept very warm, the cop­early failure of many o ther papers, (most of which pressure of the wind ; and it is one of the laws of be more extensively distributed in a mul ti tude of per will appear conspicuous. When the solution were commeneed at random, and without either nature, that whatever body is subject to pressure by small detached spots of various figures. The first and batteries are fresh and strong, a larger propor­j udgment, ability, economy, or industry, ) we feel a fluid or other b ody, it naturally seeks rel ief there- color used for this work, is dark green , composed tion of eilver [may be used, than when they are not only prepared to improve our paper, in its style from, in the most direct manner possible. Were a of chrome green and blue-black ; and this is applied weak. As the circumstances 01 the b atteries, and and usefulne�s, but feel entitled to a tolerable sail erected on a round vessel, like a basin, the mo- to the sides opposite the light, and across the bot- more especially the solut ion, is constantly changing, share of confidence in its stability. We have in tion of the vessel would uniformly be in a direction toms of the clusters of the trees. The next, and main the artist should understand the various mode� of preparation a variety of interesting subjects, of at right angles with the face of the sail ; but as the color, is chrome green, or forest green, and with varyiug the color and of correcting any improper new inventions with expensive ellgravings, which form and keel of a sailing vessel, renders Jnotion in this color the whole principal form of the tree is pro- action, But it is well to keep the action, temptra­will be successively introdlllced, and we are confi- that direction difficult, the sail seeks relieffrom pres- duced. These colors should be diluted with water ture, &c., as steadily uniform as possible, and vary dent in repeating, what has been often said before, sure lily moving in the direction most convenient so as to work very free an d flowing ; and each celor the proportions of the solutions so as to produce the that the volume will readily command more than Another subject to be noticed in the art of sailing, must be allowed to dry before the next is applied. right color ill ordi nary operation , T here is no an­the subscription price at the end of the year, or if the ad vantage to be gained, by placing the sail in The loliage of oaks and most other trees, is heigh t- vantage in a very rapid action, as the work is not, completion of the volume. The preparation of en- an incli nea position-the upper part leaning towards ened with l ight yellow green (lemon yel low a little in such case, so permanent nor brilliant as when the gravings, (to re-place those which were burnt) for the wind, so that the force thereof may tend to ele- changed with forest green, ) which is applied to the procesii is m od erate . 'l'wo hour's time is slwrt the purpose of re-printing our first eight numbers, vate rathel' than d epress the vessel. Some vessels fronts of f he clusters, or prominent parts, but prin- enou6th for permanen tly lliating a watch or pencil is in progress : and those numbers will be re-print- have been constructed with the masts and sails so eipally towards the l ight. It is common, however, case. 'We shall proceed to speak of various and A Portlandpaper has announced the introduction ed as soon as the amount of $300 (the estimated much inclilled,-raking as it is eaIled ,-that wtth a in painting maples, to apply the green but slightly, peculiar colored alloys. of boot-soles mll.de of sand, and which are highly cost of re-printing) is recei ved in the 2d semi-an- ! fresh breeze, the vessel would not draw more than and finish with vermillion, slightly heightening with To be continued. recommended for their anti-slipping property, du-nual rem ittance from our origi nal subscribers :-pro- hcl t' of its usual draught of water, and in fact, an I ' 1 I ' f Id k ' -,-� �� ring the present Ilealon of ice. b bl I W d

IOnzon rei ; ani I n reprCRen I l lg 0 on �, a mlx- Illustrations of Chemistry. �� a y in t lVO or t 1ree weeks. c have hear some e;\ r-c�iment vessel ma.y be so constructed, as to sail ture of green with .... c . . i li,UHc·d i , u"cd, a lld yel l o w (Continued from No. 24.) T h e la�t number of the " Massachusetts C atar-comp�aint of J-he occasional failure of the papers in or. dry land , without wheels, or rollers. Some have ochre for hcighte l l i l J :: I T i,ek . . ", y .f ,""" "" ' ' ' h i yOU I lg' I N l: U l'RAL SA I:ril .-Most of the acids 1 " ,1 11 , 1 , C'), n ,- I ar t , " rarn e to us blank outside. We are sorry to reachI ng theIr deStInatIon, wnu"u Ci111 uUl y Ut;. ",,"u l- t::l" : V1H.;;v uol) .:tul".t'v� .... \l, 1.1. � . t. ... .... .. b. : .... r .. ·; .... o : r 1 o ' .. . . .... .. LIU h l .r _..n, alop . ! ' , " ' " ' ' I . . . .-. , • • 1 ' l. � .... _ , : . 1 , .b .. �U' .. ..... l"", "",".-th Cl e n rl n lkn L i':: , l nrn " n;; i UJd �ho.t I t .. ,. nrthv nubH8her iii d.ea.ling or indulgM butable to the fac t that this Imper, being more at- sel ml'ght be made to rise from the water, and sail th ' ' I , J d " t'" i IS gr�C' I ; " i C ' , ' ; ', ; : : , " U,,(;u ID�!' < ) " ll i ." " , ( . n O ller substances widely different b oth in app'Jar,,;1, c r,. l!: ' J l lg in Tril ' t e-face. tracting, is more l iable fo be purloined ,from the ; in air ; but an experiment would quickly shew them, t 'fh ' L ' ' th . t ' t I ree.. ' e next t.HlBlIless Jll e process, JS 0 pam properties, f'rom ei ther of their constituents ; af'.d I ' d d d d b ' " mails or Po�t Offices, than IllOst others ; but we can that the tendency of the vessel to rise, would cease, th I d I ' th 2d 3d d 4th d' t I " propose an recommen e y certam Cl l!-e lOuses an vesse s III e , , an IS an- these are termed Neutral Salts. T hese saitE , re f P 'd t fil l h i d assure ou r 8uhsc ribers t hat the papers are care(u!ly wit lJ the resistance of the water, in consequence of ces ', also the fields, fe' nces, trees, orc\" �,...t s, and 10- II I bl ' b f h

zens 0 rovi ell ce, 0 up t e arge cove or pon UQ4u gcncru y so u e Jll water ; ut some 0 t em are b mailed, an(1 fhat moreover we are alway s ready to the motion of the vessel, becoming equal to that of rests ,' but aH these c1 ivl'sioJIS will require several i l - I bl b h 1 a ove the Central Bridge, and make a beautiful

not only i llso u e, ut are so ard, permanent, arl! supply any deficiency of missin g numbers, without the wind. But any degree of resistance in the ho- I ' I 11 d " I b park and parade ground thereon. ustratlOns, w e s la e,er t lC lIl to ncxt n um c r. d urable , as to be used in building, and in the con-charge. The winter is now past, and the revival of rizontal direction, produces, with such sails, a cor- (1' b t ' d ) o c con mue Htruction of' vessels and impl ements peculiarly business has already commenced ; and as our books respond ing counter-action of gravitation. -"""'i�",.,..",,-.. -

have reccived an acce�sion of one thousand new E. Railroad Inte l l i �eIlC(>. ad apted to withstand fire, water or acids. The or-

subscribers duri n g thc winter, we are confident in

� The Providence and Worces ter ( Mass. ) Railroad d inary method of producing the neutral salts artifi-

B ' I t d d d t 'I'h ' I I cial ly, is to dissolve the metals or alkalies in an acid, the anticipation that by the kindness of our friendly � " D

IS oca e an un er con ract. f� ral s arc to Ie _ _ f h T t d " t d I and evaporate the solution till it is reduced to a dry subscribers, in extending their influence in our fa- A ------ 0 t e pa tern, an manUlac ure ly a company

vor, we may count a few thousands more in the in Providence ; contract prir.e, $77,50 per ton. The crystaline substance, usually transparent, but some To be continued. k' d d I Th d a course of the next six momhs, We close with a �!�!� length of the road will be 43 miles, and probably III s arc ense y opaque. ey are name c�

Eolicitation of promptness in making payments, as Da. LE W I S'S IMPROVEMENT.-lt is g ratifying to cost about $1 , 100,000. The contractors arc to have cordi ng to the ingredients of which they arc COIll.-

it must be well known thut as we pay cash for pa- observe the progress of improvement tn the modes all 1846 or rather until April 1, 1847, to complc te posed ; as, for instance, the combination of' sulphu­

per, printing, &c" we can not furnish this paper b e- of securing safety to passengers while travelling the grading ; and it is expected the road will be in ric acid with iron, is deno minated the " sulphate Gf yond the amount ad vanced, with the high velocities which public convenience operation in the summer of 1847. iron ;" and that of mu riatic acid with soda, is called

_8� e"""'�,- requires to be adopted on our principal railroads.- BO STON AND WORCES'I'EIl RAILROA D,-The cal,i- " muriate of soda," &c. The inwluble substance LARG& A H D SMALL P AI'ERS,--We sometimes The improvements projected, matured and proved tal stock of the Company, is $2,900,000. T he rc- known as gypsum, or plaster of Paris, is a comb i­

hear of people who, after admitting this to be an by Dr .Lewis, extend far beyond what is represented ceipts last year were frolll all sources, $500,618 95 ; nation of sulphur ic acid with lime. The hard and excellent paper for its size, nevertheless reject it on on our first page, and will be presented in this paper expenditures $249,729 bOo Thus there was a pro- shining black stone, which is much used in build ing the plea that i t is not so large in proportion to the in due time ; but enough is here introduced to secure fit, including the undivided surplus, of $250,889 45, in Virginia. is a combination of' lime wits the car­price, as some other p�erl. We are tru ly sorry to a train, under any speed, fro m leaving the track, as which gave a dividend of il per cent. on the capital, bonic acid.

hear that any of our countrymen arc so deeply de- long as the rails keep their places on their foundations. and left an uudivided surpl us of $18,889 15. EXPER IMEN'I'S,-To a small quantity of sulphu-graded in ignorance and stupidity, as to J' udge the -�- ric acid (in a tumbler or porcelain cup) add an equal

T Alb J T ' I N EW: YORK AND E R I E R. R .-The Legisla-value of a paper by its size merely. They might ARRAIGNMENT OF IRREL.- ert . Jrre , quantity of water, and as much iron (iron filings is -

h b I ' d d 1\1 ' B' k ture 01 Pennsylvania have passed a bill to grant the with equal propriety, require a piece of rich silk at w 0, a out two mont 1S SInce, mur ere ana IC - best) as the acid wiII dissolve. Place the cup over

Ii d ' B ' fi h h ' h ' h right of way to this company, amI there appears a the price of coarse muslin or calico ,' or appraise a or , In oston, anu set re to t c ouse In w IC some coals, or on a hot stove, where it will boil

h 'd d fl d N Y I b k d ' h' determination to press forward this enterprise. piece of cabinet furniture by comparing its size s e resl e , e to ew or {,-em ar e In a s Ip gently, and in a few minutes, crystals of a green with that of a barn : -as well, in fact, measure a bound to E urope, but was d riven ba ck by stress 0 MEDFORD B RANC H R. R., from Med ford, Mass" to color will be formed, which is the substance usually b k " I W II k weather,-took passage lor New Orleans, and was intersect with the Boston and Portland road. This kllo"'n as copperas. an note, to ascertaIn Its va ue. e we now " that e very copy of this paper costs u� three times arrested on board the vessel before landing, and branch is already commenced and will soon be fin-

as much as it would to issue a sheet of double its brought back to Boston on a requ isition from the ished of course. G f M h tt I b a , cd be ATLANTIC AND O H I O R.R.-Th e citizensof Pitts-size, filled with such advertisements and common- overnor 0 assae use s, las een ex mm -

place usele�� matter as is found in many of the fore Chief Justice Shaw, and reman ded to prison bu rg persist and persevere in their exertions to have iarge cheap papers. We also well know that for trial, which is appointed to take place on the this road located and constructed to that city ; and

some of the smallest papers amoag our exchanges fourth Tuesday in March_ as we formerly predicted, they will persevere till are worth double to others which are three times as �� they succeed. The Pittsburgh merchants, it is said,

COMICAL LEGIS LATION.-The Legislature of Ken- b ' fi ' h large. We can offer no argument, however, to are a Out to sign a paper re usmg to ave any com-tucky has recently l)assed an act, forbidding, under ' I ' . h Ph'l d I h' I h such people as make that plea of reJ' ection, eonsid, er- mercia Intercourse Wit I a e p la, un eas t e severe penalties, all persons in the non-slaveholding h f h ' , hd h ' , , ing that they are wallowing in such depths of cen- merc ants 0 t at CJty Wit raw t elr oppOSitIOn to s tates, harboring or aiding runaway slaves, &e.- 1 ' h f TI ' f b h " sur able io'1norance, that a common-sense argument t lC fig t 0 way. 1e Interests 0 ot cities are To balance this act, the abolitionists recommend the , bl would be of no avail. Let them go. Insepara e.

��� passage of an act by our legislature, making it a ROCH ESTER A N D N IAGARA FALLS R. R.-The

iERIAL NAVIGATION.-We would say to our ori- penal c ri me for the people of Kentucky o r any other route for this road has been surveyed and the report ginal subscribers, that we have made arrangements state, to detain by force or otherwise any slave is exceedingly favorable. The distance from Roeh­to have an rerial ship constructed and put in opera- against his will. This is a great country. ester to the Falls is 76 miles. It is proposed to cross ��-tion in April or early in May : and that we shal l MODERN W1TC H C RA FT.-Dr. Wilson of the first the Niagara river, a short distance below the falls, promptly furnish certificates of stock, according to Presbyterian Church of Cincinnatti , has lately on a wire suspension bridge, of 700 feet span, and the original plan, to e ach original subscriber, with- preached and published a sermon, in whicn he more than 200 feet above the water, and thus eon­in the present month : and that we will allow one proves to his own satisfaction and that of many oth- nect w ith the Great Western R. R. through Cana­dollar cash for said certificates in payment for the ers, that the arts of mesmerism, and those practised da "Vest, via Hamilton and London to Windsor op­next volume. by the S wedenborgians, Roman Catholics, Shakers posite Detroit, and there to connect with the central

Muslc.-We �;;;t�;-font of musical and Mormons, arc neither more nor less than bona- railroad through Michigan to St. Josephs-and ulti­characters (on a new �ystem ) complete, and should fide witchcraft. His arguments appear very plaus- mately around the lake to Chicago and the west.

ible. -"""8�1!� have inserted the scale of characters in this number, �� A N INTERESTING CON C E RT.-An extraordinary but for the press of other m atter. We feel confident The Germantown Gazette, is uncourteous in gi V· mm.ical festival was held last evening at the Broad-in saying, how ever, tha t in future, our readers may ing our name at length, under the head of Quaint way Tabernacle, in v. hich one thousand young la­expect at least one piece of music in each number of Grammar. We did not mention that paper, in the dies beautifully dressed in white, assisted in the me-thili paper. article referred to. o dious performances.

Dissolve some filings of copper in sulphuric acid, by applying a moderate heat. When this solution is evaporated, beautiful crystals of blue vitriol will be prodt.lced.

Dissolve pure white soda in muriatie acid and evaporate the solu tion, and whi� lOami-transparent crystals will b e readily formed, which will prove by the taste to be common table-salt.

Dissolve a piece of pure silver in nitric acid, and the solution will be transparent and colorless. Add a litte muriatic acid to the solution, and the muria­tic will instantly combine with the silver, rendering it opaque and insoluble.

Mix together the saturated sulphate solutions of i t'on, copper and soda ; evaporate the compound and three distinct classes of crystals,-blue, green and white,-will be produced without any mixture or combinations with eil.ch other.

(To be continued.) -��� .. ..",.,..,..�,.,.--

T H E INMAN GALLERy-nOW open at 322 Broad­way, is, in many respects, superior and more inte ­resting than any other gallery in this city. It re­ceives extensive patronage, as it richly deserves ; some of the pieces are superior to anything of the kind we have ever witnessed ; a single portrait might be selected, the sight of which is worth the price of a ticket. No citizen should neglect to visit it.

The Paris papers report the death of a merchant in consequence of swallowillil a l ive mouse. If he had swallowed a cat immediately after it, he would probably have been cured.

The Tribune judi,iously remarks, that it is very singular that the colored young men of New York, have the only Lyceum (the Hamilton) and course of lectures now regularly going forward in our city.

� The lady who fell upon her back on the icy sid e­

walll of Wl:'shington street, the other day, is said to have immed iately given thanks to her bishop that she was not hurt by the fall.

Some of the newspapers in Yankee-land have adopted the practicice of publishing regular notices ot' courtships and engagements in their vicinity, as well as marriages.

A late Corpus Christi ( Texas) paper contains a notice of religious exercises , on the following Sun­day, and a theatrical play, with songs and dancing, at the same house in the evening.

A new pror.ess has been lately put in practice in Pennsylvania, for the manufacture of ice ; we think it much cheaper, however, to cut it out of the ponds ready made.

A manufacturer of toys in London recently bought about $15,000 worth of doll's eyes-proba­bly some 3,000 bushellil-at one purchase. Doll making is a great business.

A Virginia paper states that a vein of rich cap­per ore has been found in Orange county, in that State, fifty feet in width, and lying jive miles in length.

There are in Thomastown, Me., 132 lime kilns, which yielded upwards of 600,000 barrels of lime the last season, which was sold at the kiln for $41 1,840.

Lakes Huron, Michigan and Superior, are in some places 900 feet deep ; sinking about 300 feet below the level of the sea.

In the time of Augustus a pound of wool, dyed in Tyrian purple, could not be had for less than the small sum of $140.

The value of produce and merchandize passing through the E rie Canal last year, was upwards of $45,000,000.

The citizens of Wheeling, Va., are in earnest on the subject of a wire suspension-bridge over the Ohio river at that place.

© 1846 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC.

Eor the Scientific American . The lEolian Harp.

Sweet Harp of the wild wind, Thy soft and mellow strain,

Sweet as the notes of Cherubim, Is wafted o'er the plain .

It speaks of joy and gladness, It tells of mirth and glj/e,

Where steps of airy jigittn" 8S Move to music wild and liet',

Now a wail is on the nishl wI ll,1 , That is howling o'er the j,J a in;

And its numbers, wild and moun Tell of sorrow and of pam.

They speak of storms and tempest. Wild horror and despair,

And the numbers chill the life blood, For the dirge of death is there.

Harp ! oh, Harp of the wild wind, Wake ! 0 wake thee, in thy power,

For a spirit filled with fury, Rules the tempest in this hour,

While the dread roll of the thunder, And the fierce rush of the blast,

In angry tones now threaten That this moment is thy lalt.

Hark ! a strain of fairy music, Softly rising OT. the storm ;

'Tis thOll, my Harp, who poureth forth Thy sweetest lay of song,

And answerest, to the Storm King, Who his fUi y pours on thee ;

Thy rage can but awaken

All my notes to melody. �

The Wind. I'm monarch of the land and sky,

And of the sea ; A palaee-cloud I dwell on high,

And walk me free j The sun unfurls on me each foM Of living light and crimson gold-The stars, night's glittering jewels unrol led,

Shine bright on me.

I ride me on the tempest's back, Iu the thundering sweep j

I scourge the clouds, from scowling black To crimson deep j

And wild I laugh to hear the crash­To see the clouds in anger clash-And lightnings from their reut breasts flash

Down Heaven's broad steep.

Across the sun's bright face I fling An inky shroud,

And even next the moon I sing My war.song)oud;

And o'er the vessds of the night, That sail through heaven's blue �ea oflight, With silver cord and penant white,

Hang lUUUj' a. t.:J,vull.

I humble low the pride of man Upon the dust,

When fearlessly my arm I span Round earth's dark crust,

And crack his bones like ozier band­And tumble down his pyramid's grand­And dash them in the air like sand,

With a strong gust.

I oft the earth, " green vested," walk, In hallowed calm-

Like music sweet, ia heard my talk, Like seraphs psalm,

When oft I lift my perfumed wing, The drooping flower� up gladsome spring, Their petals ope and quick drink in

The sweet'ning draught. I stretch me on the beam-worked cloud

And take my rest, There calm-relied, I lie iu sleep, While stars their vigils o'er me keep­'Till morn, when down I freshened leap,

On the wave's crest.

And but for me the ocean grand, Would nurture death,

And spread disease upon the land, Where chained my breath j

But for my life .diffusing power, Each human bud-each human flower, Would deck the earth one short-lived hour,

Then droop beneath. ��@l .-.,.

MEAN N E S S.-Of all possible vices which pervade this vicious world, meanness is the meanest. Ly .. ing, stealing, and swindling, if practised according to the customary rules, are decidedly honorable in con:parison with that peculiar littleness of soul, in whlCh some men will act against their own inter­ests, in their sedulou s efforts to avoid con tributing the least possible patronage or benefit to others.

�� A C OINCIDENC E.-A New Haven physician states

that two ladies, strangers to each other, recently chanced to meet at his office, and for liome time conversed. He subsequently ascertained that onc of them was the sister of Osbu rne, who was lately murdered, and the other was the s ister of Potter, who is now under sentence for the murder.

--.-N"""'� __ P (-T TH_H A !I( D THAT TO GETH ER.-It is stated

that during the recent severe snow storm. 135 des­titute persons sought shelter from the st�rm in the several watch-houses ot this city. Soon after this the .Board of As.sistants appropriated $500 to pur­chase a stand oj colors (which should not probably cost $75) for the " W ashington Guards."

�� ABSENCE O F M IND .-The last case we have heard

was that of a lady who carefully laid her mop in he cradle and wiped up the floor with her baby. Sh� di�covered her mistake when she attempted to

wrlll" It.

Report of a Committee of the National ASSOCIATION OF INVENTORS.

The undersigned, a Com mittee appointed at a regular meeting of the National Association of In­ventors, held .. t Columbia Col lege in the City of New York, Feb. 2, 1846, to examine the invention of certain implo vements in Rail R oad Machinery

by H. L. B . Ltwis, of the City of New York,-oeg leave to report : that they have d ischarged the du­

ty thus assigned to them, and after a thorough ex­amination of tile models, drawings. and illustrations of said i nvent�ns, they are fully of the opin ion that the improvements are such as may be ad van ta­geously applied to practical use ; and well merit the attention �lIld consideration of' those interested in Railroad u ansportation. The alleged improve­ments cOl1s i· ·t firat, of a pair of Safet1l Guide Wht',jg. phced either in the front or rear of the 10-

" om n l ive . or in both , as may be desired . These w! . " l' i s : , re attached to a frame ·work, which is firm­Iy a'ta heu to the frame of the locomotive, and have a ver �i, : d, a horizontal, and a lateral motion, so as I to ;, " l l . i t of their adapting their posi tion to any curve

I "I tI e track, or any inequal ity on the top or sides of I :.il'� ra i l, and are made with a doub le flange-one I flange running on each side of the rail. 1 Tlw vertkal motion or the wheel is governed by I a spring, wl':icli c,onnect� them in such mann�r that

wl'!�'" 'me rises, m passmg over any obstructIOn on

I the raii, the other is held down more firmly to the rail by the increased action of the spring-while the wheel thus passing over the obstruction, is again brought down upon the rail, by the agency of the spring with much greater velocity than it would be by gravity alone . The horizontal motion of these wheel!l, is to enable them, with very l ittle in p inge­ment, to fol low any curve in the track. The latcra l motiof) of each of the wheels which is independent of the other, is to adm it of their readily, and with very l ittle friction, passing any protuberance or in­equality on the sides of the rail. The objeat of this part of the invention is to secure greater safety by prevenling the locomotivc and cars from running ofl'

track. The second improvement of the in vention is the construction of wrought-iron cars, adapted to the use of large burden wheeill. The cars are to b e hung I�w, with the wheels on the outside, at the ends of the cars. T he object of this arral lgcment is to gire speed, and at the same time promote the comfor of passengers . And the Com mittee think that thll object may be attained by tIte means pro­posed as the use of large burden wheels wil l d im i­minisb the friction on the axle of the wheels require less ptopelling power, tend to prevent damage to the tl'ack and be attended with less jar to the cars. The third improvement proposed by the in ventor consjsts of certain plans for the construction of the locomotive driving wheels, which are to secure the tire on the wheels, by means of clamping instead of bolting, thereby rendering the wheel more firm and durable and at no extra expense. The Committee will add, that models and i llustrations of these in­ventions are to be seen at No. 87 Wal ker street, N. Y., all of which the comm ittee most respectfully submit. GEO. GI FFOH D, l

ISAIAH JENNINGS, Committee.

, JOH N JOHNSON, We do hereby certify that the above is a true

copy of ft Report now on the files of the National A ssocia!ioll of Inventors . JAS. RENWICK, Pres't.

J OSepH r . r H ,;::,,;:,vu., ., ... , .¢I _ _ '�.

, New York, March 2nd, 1846.

I " THE LITE R���d the " YoU'.W

I PE OPLE'S MAGAZIN E."-These two literary gems (for March) are rece ived and are , in style, emb ell ish­ments and contents, equal to the previous ll\'lmbers. The former presents a rich panoram ic view of' the city 01 D amascus, and the latter a fine fancy prin t of " the Fish.�rman's Daughter ;" and each has a richly colored botanical print. Both are filled with excellent, interesting, and instructive pieces, calcu­lated to improve while they entertain. Only $1 per annum for each work ; and could a specimen of each be shown to every fam i ly in the United States, it would insure the pu blisher (Mr. J. K. Wellman, l1il Nassau st., ) at least 200,000 subscribers.

NEW PROI'ELLERs.-We feel constrained to no­tice another swellinz report, now going the rounds of the press, concerning a new propeller, inveRted by somebody somewherc, by which a speed of twenty.jive to thirty miles per houl' is promised with all confidence . It may indeed be a val uable inven­tion ; but we have but a li2"ht opinion of this run­ning thirty miles an hour in the mere ideas of' the

inventor before the invention is put in pract ice . W e have seen too many such inventions .

PITMAN'S PHONOGRAPHY.-FQr the benefit of those who cannot attend the evening class, particularly la­dies and gentlemen engaged in teaching, an after­noon class will be formed in the Basement room un­der the church of the Divine Un ity, (entrance on

Crosby-st. between Spring and Prince, ) on Friday, 6th inst., at 4 1-2 P. M.,--when a free introductory lesson will be given, explaining the objects and mer­its of the system . All who feel the need ofa legible and practical system of Short Hanu Writing, adap­ted in every respect to daily and social use, are invi-ted to attend. HENRY J. HUDSON.

�� IKON MANUFACTURE IN PENNSYLVANJA.-Therc

are twenty-three furnaces now in ful l blast in Penn­sylvania, and six more are in progress and nearly completed. When these are put in operation , thc quantity of iron produced per week, is expected to amount, in the aggregate, to 1 ,750 tons per week As the iron business is rapid ly increasing it may be reasonably expected that in a short time the demand for iron in th is country will be wholly supplied by the American manufactories.

!�".,...,.,..,.-THE YOUTH'S CABINET, for March, is a beauti ·

ful number, containing six embellishments , besideEf music, and an interesting variety of reading matter, nloral and instructive. Published by D. A. Wood­worth, 1 35 Nassau street, for $1 per annum .

�� ANN EXATION O F CANADA.-A very large mee.t­

ing was lately held at Montreal at which resolt l­iions were adopted, favorable to annexation to tll e Vwted !States !

Art" and '.rrad es. Unuer this head we p l l rpose publishing a [ i' L I : ;

of articles, in the c o u rse of which w e shal l end ed vor to not only exp1ai ' ! the general principle, but communicate the J ig'lt of some degree of impro ve­ment in many of t i iC most popu lar mechanical trades practisea in this country, though we may not be expected to notice all the improvements i n all the different trades. vVe sol icit intelligence of new i mpro vements, however, and design to make this paper a general medium for mechanical intell igence.

MA NUFACTURE O F F ILEs.-The steel used for this purpose is brought to the required shape by be­ing forged in the ordinary way, and left in a son o r anneated state. It is then ground smooth on a stone, and being plac;eu on a piece of lead on an

I anvil, and secured in i ts place by a leather strap in a manner lIimilar to that of a shoemaker in holding his lasted shoe, the teeth are cut by a small smo oth-

I edged chisel . In this work the file-cutter commen­ces at the point of the file, progressing back towards the handle , and appl ies a single stroke of a ham­mer to the chisel, for each cut, ligh ter or heavier according to the fineness of the file. If the file is to be cross-cut, it is again put on the stone to take off the sharp edges of the teeth, and is then subject to another similar process of cutting ; the chisel bein g placed across the creases or furrows first m ade. The file is tempered by heating it to a fhll red, and plunging it endwise in water con taining a small quantity of lime and charcoal .

To A N N E A L O R S OFTEN STJ:: Jl L.-If thc articles to be annealed are small, put thcm int!) an iron pot, and fill the intersticcs between the several articles, with iron filings : the pot may be filled with th em if occasion requires, but each article should be em­bedded and covered with the filings. Heat the whole to a blood-red heat, and keep it so for several hours, if convenient, and then sufrer it to eool gra­dually.

(To be oontinued. ) _.�N"""""""""' il"""""'·U� __

Answers to the Military Puzzle.

We have received two correct answers, one oj' which, from E. W. Van Wie, o f Albany, we pre­sent below. The other is from N. P. B" of New Bedford, Mass., and is qll. ite i n genious, but not quitc ,_so well arranged as this, nOlO so regular. N . L. C. has given no definite platoons ; and M. T . C. has placed only six men in each row, though there are 12 in each platoon, rank and file. 'Ve shall probably present the ans wer of N. P. B,

next week . P. S. A correct answer from L. Fenner, C rans­

ton, R. I. . and W. H. Hepburn, of Reading, Pa., re­ceived after the above was in type.

•

, • . , • ' . • • •

• • • • • •

• • • .. • • • • • • • • • • • ' . •

• • • • • • • ' . . ' • • . ' . . • , • , • • • • • • • .. • •

' . . ' • •

-.��"""""' .""" -'-COMI'OR I'fION OF V� I!IOUS A LLOY� .-BraAs is com- ;

posed of two parts of copper to one of zinc ; or cop- . per and calamine (an ore of zinc, ) equal quantities Pinchbeck consists of from five to ten parts copper and one of :zinc. Bell metal is cO lllpoRed of three part� copper and onc of tin. Gun metal, n ine parts copper an,l olle t in. T ombac, sixteen parts copper

and one zinc and one of t in. The composition of llewter, is seven pounds of tin a nd one of leau, four

ounces of copper and two of zinc. That of typc­

metal is nine parts lead two pilrts antimony and one of b ismuth. Soldcr, two parts of lead with one

of tin . Q.ueen'8 metal, nine purts 01 ' tin, one of bis­muth, one of anti mony, and OIlC of lead. Jewel gold is composed of twenty-thec parts gold, fou r parts silver, and seven par ts fi l le copper. In fgr­ming metaIhc compounds or alloys, i t is Ilroper to melt such of the ingreuie»ts as are �hc least fusible first, and afterwards add the ot hcrs, stiring them ' briskly till they are tllsrougly commixed.

I FA D IGN I FI E n CALLING.--There are several branch­es of business llractised in the Eastern States, which, though truly honest, and as such, honorable, but which are nevertheless eBteemed rather low business ; lIuch, fo r instance, as clam-digging, dog­killing, hog-skinning, &c. , but the business adver­tised by William Cambrcl, in a Southern paper, is in comparison excessively contemptible ; and, with­out doubt, this advertiser is most heartily despised even by those who occasionally cmploy him.

Negl'o Dogs.-'l'he uudersigll ed having bou trhl the entire pack of Negro Dogs, ( of' thc Hay's'" & Allen stock,) he now llurposes to catch runaway ne­groes. His charges will be three dol lars per day for hunting, and fifteen dollars for catching a runa­way. He resides 3 1-2 m iles north of' Livings ton, near the lower Jones' Blufl' road,

IWill. CAMBR E L. �""",.,.," '.-

PROMPT PUNISHMENT.-!t may be rather a con-solation to the public, than otherw ise, that whenev­er two railroad trains rUIl against each othcr­which of course can not occur but through somc censurable negJigence,-the proprietors are sure to suffer severely in the damage to the cars, if not oth­erwise. And it is to this circumstance that travel­lers are indebted, in a great measure, for their safe. ty in this mode of travell i ng . These remarks are elicited by the report that on a Michigan railroad, two several smash-ups occurred in one week, break­ing up nearly every passenger-car in each train . We heal' of no serious injury to the passengers.

�".",.,,--GRAHAM'S MAGAZINE.-'l'he March number of

this splendid and popular work, is embellished as! usual in first rate style, and contains, in addition to. 44 large pages of literary matter, several pa2"es of excellent music. For further particulars, call at the office (Tribune Buildings in N ew-York, or 98 Ches.·

nut-st. Philadelphia,) and procure a copy.

Deferred Articles. The fol low ing interesting articles have been on

hand several weeks, wai t ing to find a place in our colu mns . vVe don't l ike to make them wait lon!,'(er .

Be Industrious..

T H E OR EGON R A I LRoAD.-Mr. Whitney has pub · l ished in the Un ion, a reply to objections made to his project of builuing a railroad to Oregon, a n d stateR s o m e important facts. He is in favor of ter­minating the railroad at San Francisco, in Cali for- There is no situation in life, which aflords so much nia, in case that territory should be anne:cerl to the comfort and enjoyment as that of having body and Union. His principle is to b u ild the road by means mind constantly employed . Although there ap­

of the publ ic lands on its route, taking for this pur- pears to be in the mind s of most people a natural

pose 36 m iles on each side of' it for the whole dis- antipathy to labor, yet it is well known , and gene­tance, and he says there i s no oth er means by which rally adm i tted by those whose circumstances have i t can be donc. Excepting at the beginning of the at times required incessant labor, and at other times

work, he expects to raise means by the sale of the perfect leisure and exemption fi'om care , that there

lands to ca rry i t for ward ; and the building of the is vastly more enjoyment in industry than in idJe­

railroad itself would produce a demand for it. He ness. It is the plai n and express duty of every per­

does not ask that the lands be given to him for his son to be industrious, and to improve every hour of

personal use, but as the agent for the execution of their time, in the full exercise of their natural .

the work. " It is but a simple work ; i ts extent need strength and facul ties, in the most useful employ­

not frighten us ; for we have already more than men t. No circumstances in l ife can furnish an ex­

MOO m i les of' rallroad in successful operation."- cuse for a neglec t of this duty. We would not, in

" Can a proj ect be too magnificent, which only re- thesc remarks, wholly proscribe recreation ; but a

quires for its accomplishment the labor and indu�- well-balanced mi nd wil l find the most healthy and

try of man, with the prospect that both will be pro- pleasant recreation in exercises which are decided ly fl tably rewarded 1" useful and beneficial to themselves and others . For

Mr. 'Vhitney yields his conuition that the bal ance example : a boy takes p leasure in the exercise of

of land, not required for the work, be givcn to him, haul ing a lit tle cart loaded with earth or stones,

and leaves it to the people to give him anything or though there be 110 a(lvantage in th e removal or nothing. All h e asks is , to be allowed to be their those articles ; hut does he find any less pleasure ,

instrument to accomplish this great work : tItat " is undcr a consciou�ncss of doing good, when remov­

enough-l ask nothing lllore." The rOl\d i" to be ing the same materials from a place where they

entirely free, except so far as tolls are necessary for werc all encl1mbrance, to another place where they its operation-and these to be re,zulated by Con- arc wanted ? Certainly not. Or if' a miss finds

gress.-Bunker' Hill Aurom. plcasure in walking in the fields, that pleasure is -_MN'#;'ff.'W___ rather enhanced, than o therwise , if she can accom-

L I N J:N MANu t'AG'I'uREs.-The Belfast S ignal, a plish something uscful by the walldn g. It is a com ­few weeks si nce , contained some valuable hints from mon th ing for men, during their labor, to derive an a corresponucnt, in regard to the raising of flax, enjoyment Irom the anticipation of' the pecuniary and the manu facture 01 linen, in this S tate. Mr. compensation which they are to receive therefor Bil lings' recent invention ofa machine for preparing but this Idnd of enjoyment is far inferior to that of the flax, whereby nine-tenths 01 the time and labor one who rejoices, during h is labor. in tlle conscious­are saved, will give a vast i mpetus to thi� business ; ness of performing a duty and a' sense of Divine and the prices of the fabrics will undoubtedly be re- approbation . The scriptures of Divine Truth, duced so low as to make them a general article of which alone furnish perfect laws and rules of duty, consumptioll among all olasses of tile people. The and'guide to happiness, contain many ( injunctions soil and cl i I l late or Maine, i t is said, are as well to industry and diligence in business ; and that for adallted to the flax culture as those of any other the purpose not of acquiring wealth, but of doing country ; and wc would advise our farmcrs to go good . The word " avarice," is not to be under­into it. If our tariff is suflered to continu e its pro- stood to imply a desire of earn ing or gaining, but of tection , t h e manufacture of this article will very soon retaining or hoarding what has been acquired of attain a vigorous growth among us ; and there is wealth. The three several injunctions-" Let no no reason why i t should not be as extensive and man seek his own [merelyl but every man anoth­successf'ul as that of cotton . er's weal th ;" " let him labor, work ing with his

The m anufactures of J1ax imported into the UUI- hands the thing that is good , that he may have to ted S tates during the year ending 30th June, 1844, give to him that needeth ;" and " love thy neighbor

amounted to $4,492,826 ; and in the next year to as thy self," may very properly be considered in $5,246,2 19. What the domestic manufactures may connection . The line of duty between avarice and have been, we have no means of knowing. If the extravagant liberality, has never been fully defined . com of these fabrics can be reduced, so all to bring It appears reasonable to many p ious· minded peo­them into general consumption (as has been the pie, that a mechanic should own at least a set of case with cotton, ) a new and vast field of labor will tools ; and that by the same rule, a farmer should be opened to om 1I0rthorn agriculturalists.-Kenne- o wn a farm ; a merchant a store ; and that al l

�:: Jom'. _,w",,,,,..,.,.,,,,,,u-

should have houses to dwell in : and this principle . MIC HIGAN I N T f: I! N A L btPItOVJ::MENT9.-The De- extended, may lead to the most extravagant ava­

troit Free Press announces that the Central Rail- rice. But our subject is the duty of industry and

road is completed to Kalamazoo, 145 m iles from d i ligen ce in business, independently of circumstan­

Detroit. . It st�tes that there are 2 14 miles of rail- ces ; and if any man entertalI1s and cherishes the road hnlslle(/ ana ._ " - - " + : � n '1'be Central road true principle of sympathy and benevolence. d eri-146 miles, and the So uthern 68 rniles ; 72 miles of � lIlg morc pleasure JIl rC!Jevmg tlie su1tering8'

of IllS which have been added within the last 22 months. fellow mortals, than in the possession of such arti­The receipts on the railroads, for the last two years, c1�s of wealth as are not utterly indispensible , there are $536,905 54. From the Central , $41 3,916 41 ; wIll be no danger of his being either idle or miser­from the Southern , $ 123,076 13. The present cost Iy. But the neglect of improvement of an hour of ano. value of the railroads and furniturc of the roads time is as decidedly a crime, as the wasting of mo­.and . ;"hops, including materials on hand, is $3,363,- Hey or property ; and the neglect of doing good to 580 37. Central road, $2,238,289 72 ; Southern, others when opportunity occurs, is decidedly incom ­$ 11 125,590 05. The receipts on the railroads du- patible with the character or hope of a true Chris­

ring the past year, are $276,810 71 :-Central , $214- tian, for " he that knoweth to do good and doeth it

075 00 ; Southcfn, $62,735 62. not, to him i t is Sill ." .-N�"""'-- I �""""�NNh_

A H O U S E A N D FAMILY SAVE D BY A DOG.-Ml'. Forgivenness.

S olon E. Bettes, of Sandfield, being about to go 'fherc is no virtue of the human heart which so out for an cvening visit, directed .his eldest boy, a much adorns the life and character of an in dividu­lad of somc ten year!> of age, to put wood into thc ai, nor no duty more elljoinccl upon the christian stove, and leave a good fil'e when he and the other than that of forgivenness . For proof of this, leok children wcnt to bed , and to have the kindlings at the examples of Christ, who, while suffering up­ready for the morning fire. The boy did so, but ?n the cross, by the hands oj his enemies, exclaims put the kind lings under the baker, HO that thc fire II1 the anguish of his soul, " Father forgive them, communicated to them from tae stove. When the for they know not what they do." How noble the flre communicated to the kind lings the children had scntimcnt !-How pure its author ! And shall man all gone to bed in the chamber, but there was a " created but a little lower than the angels " fail to . , faithful watchman below. Mr. B. had an inteIli- Imitate the examplc of him in whom there was " no

. gent spaniel, which, seeing the fire communicate to guile: ' Or shall he so debase h imself to wards his : the wood, and from that to the floor, mounted up brother man ? S o prone are we all to stray from

stairs to give thc alarm, but finding that he could the path of rectitude and duty, that we find our­

.'1ot make the boys understand him , he laid himself selves olien called upon to forgi ve the faults and er­

th 1WII on one of thei r beds for a few seconds. As if rors of those who, in an unguarded moment, do Ul:!

aw. 'lrc of the increasing danger, he soon returned an injury, and unless we do this, hatred and re­

to th e fire again, and on his third visit to the cham- venge will reign triumphant in every heart, and sin bel' he! succeeded by his barking and howling in I hold

, unbounded sway. But on the other hand, if

awaldn . go the boys, all of whom had fallcn asleep in i we forgi ve those who trespass against us, we shall, the mea. 'I time. 'l'he smoke soon convinced them by so doing, obey the injunction of Christ, and con­that the h ouse was 011 fire, and when they entered tribute to the enjoyment of those who offend us, and

the room bl �low, where tho fire was spread ing, they advance our own happiness . vVe should see less found the faJ 'thfu l sentinel at his d uty, striving to ar- of the spirit or retal iation which now reigns in our

rest the progrl ':ss of the flames with all his energies, midst, �nd like the destroying pestilence, spreading and scattering 1he burn ing brandl! with his teeth desolatIOn wherever it goes. If the poisonous darts

and paws in ev( �:ry d irection about the floor, think- of slander are hurled to crush our hopes, and dark­

iner no doubt t,hat if he could not procure water en our prospects, we should remember that " to err "" , . I ' this was his last l 'eSOl't to save the house. It seemed IS l Uman, ' and freely forgive the offender. It will

that he had been doing the same before he succeed- only increase the amount oj guilt, by Cherishing ill­

ed in arousing the boys. The fire burnt a large wiII towards our fellow men, however great the of­hole through the floor befol'e the boys succeeded in fimce may be. But 0, ' tis blessed to forgive ! To

extinguishing it.-Springfield Post. " do unto others as we would they should unto US ;" __ "���ff"""-'''--: thus filling the hearts of thc sons of men with joy

E C LIPSE OF THE SUN'-,Mr. A. Smltll" :reacher and not with grier. Let us then, if we would ren­

of School No. :2, h�S pu�hshe� ,a bea�t.'f�' c�,I�red i del' ourse lves ornaments to society, and beloved by map, repres�ntmgf' Ie ,s

lo a

Tr

lec IP

lse

,w IC .�L. oc� the worthy and virtuous, cherish the Christ-like spi J

c ur on the 20th 0 Apfl . 1e r� atlve POSItIons o. rit of forgivenness, and we cannot fail to be happy. the sun and moon, and the moon s shadow upon the - Weekly Messenger. earth are plainly shewn, and the map is accompa- ' _�_

nied with a full expl anation of eclipses in gener!\l, If you have an enemy, act kindly to him, and

and of this in particular. Altogether, it presents make him Jaur friend. You may not win him over

much useful and interesting instruction. Any per- at once, but try again. Let one kindness be fol­son enclosing one dollar, directed to Asa Smith, 163 lowed by another, till you have compassed your ends. West 2 1st street, New York, will have four copws

��

sent to their address : if sent by mail the postage A bell weighing 2000 pounds has been manufac-will be the same as a newspaper. ured {or !St. Paul's Church, at Rochol:lter.

© 1846 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC.

G e n e r a l A g e n t s . OOW &.AIlrlanee, 28, 29, 30, 3 1 Arcade, Philadelphia.

H olUlkill & Co., 13 Court street, BOiton. B, &. Porter, New York City.

L o c a l Ag e n t • •

Maine.--shipley W. Ricker, South Berwick ; C . D. Bearce, Portland.

New Hampshire.-J". A. Fay, Keene ; Wm. O. Ruggles, Hanover ; C. M. Smith, Manchester ; J. Buffam, Nashua ; D. L. Norris, D6ver.

Vermont.-Thomas Boynton, Windsor . Maasaehusetts.-J. W. Davis, Lowell ; S. Thompson,

Worcester ; H . P. Barnes, Pittsfield ; Benj . Perry, Sa­lem ; W. P. Seaver, Taunton ; P.W. Tenny, Npwbury­pert ; Otis Cary, Foxboro ; W. Robinson & Co., New Bedford ; John Penden, Amesbury ; W. S. Barker, Medford.

THE PA STORAL LIFE ANI'l

Manufactures of the Ancients ; comprising

THE H I STORY OF S ILK, COTTON, LIN E N, WOOL, A ND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTA N C E S , INCLUDING

Observations on Spinning, Dying, and Weave­ing ; with appendices on Pliny's Natural History, on the O rigin and Manufacture of Lint'n and Cotton Paper, on Felting, Netting, &c., deduced from copious and authentic sources.

ILL U S T R A T E D BY T E N E N G RAVI NGS

ON STEEL. Rhode bland.-Daniel Cobb, Providence ;H. J. Pitman,

Bristol. 1 vol. 8vo., pp. 464. New York : Harper & Brothers.

Connecticut.-Peter Cook, Hartford ; E. Downes, New Price $3,00 Haven ; William Woodward, Middletown ; S. Jo.es, h' f Colchester ; J. Hunter, Thompsonville ; H. S. Snow, It is pleasant to turn a way fro m the Istory 0 Meriden ; Safford & Parks, Norwich ; O. P. Butler, wars, which spread desolation over the earth, to Northfield. h at of the arts of peace, which give to men �ealth

New York.-T. DickilliiOn, Newark ; T. S. Hawks , Buf- and happiness, and convert the rugged earth mto a

falo l G. W. Hildreth, Lockport ; William M. Beau- paradise. T he first d ivision of this work is devoted champ, Skan eatles ; M. Nevin, 158 Fulton street, to the consid eration of S ilk, its history and cultiva­Brooklyn ; M. S. Leonard, Oswego. tion amon a the ancients, and the Chinese in partic-

N8w Jersey.-J.L. Agens,No . 1 Commerce street, New ular ' the ;econd part treats of the Origin and An­ark ; J. M. Fran�is, Hoboken ; Al�red Walling, Key- cient H istory of the S heep, which involves much of port ; Lees Gars ide, Corner of Mam and Mari{et sts, the pastoral life of the ancients, and furnishes many Paterson. . . ( illustrations of the Scriptures ; the th ird treats of the

�ary.land .-S . Sa�ds, 122 Baltimore st., :Saltimore. ( Ancient History of the Cotton manufacture, its great Dlstn�t of Columbl�.-W. H .. Ward,Washmgton . ( antiqu ity in India, and the unrivalled skill of the In-Geo�gla.- Ch

.as. 0 Neal, Dane� . d ' & . t h e fou rth treats of the L inen

Flonda.-MaJor J. Nathans, QUlllCY. mn weaver, c. , . Illinois.-G. W. A rnold, Peru . manufacture, Flax, Hemp, Asbestos, &c. It IS a Ohio.-Col. A. P. Chesley, Huron. ruly valuable work, and sho ws great research.-

Wisconsin Territorv.-Norris Hubbard , S01lothport. Boston Trumpet.

'l' r a v e I l i n g A g e n t s . A most remarkable and excellent work, calculated Clark Selleck. J. A. Lattin. Stephen J. Payne. to incite inquiry by o�hers, and hi�h ly interesting t?

- - --'" LI S T OF LETTERS

Received since February 5, 1 846 .

S Sawyer $1 00; S Newton & Co. , 2.00 ; L Gar. .ide, 3.00 ; P B West, 1.00; N S cholfield, 4.00 ; W T Jacqueth, 4 .00 ; J Wood, 3.00 ; S T hayer, 2.00 ; H P Byram, 2.00; J SWebt, 2.00; 1" A Gleason, 1 .00; H Keith, 1 .00; D Cobb, 10.00; J Magoffin, 2.00; W Miller, 2.00; J Wi lliams, 2.00; E J Mims, 2. 00; S J Payne, 7.00; Mr. Robinson & Co., 5.00; Saflord & Parks, 5 .00; W Whitman, 1.00; S Holmes, 2.00; G M'Leran, 1.00; 0 D May, 3.00 ; J. M'Cann, 3 .00; D L Norris , 2.00; R G Stuart, 2.00; Hotchkiss & Co., 10.95 ; P . M., Curtisville , Mass, 1 .00 ; H T S mall, 3.00 ; Hon. J Semple , 2.00 ; T J Dearnes, 2.00 ; N Hubb ard, 4.00; Wm F Lewis, 1 .00; P. M., Higgin's Ferry, SC, 6.00; W 0 Peet, 1.00; C Noyes, 1 . 00; S Sands, 5 .00; S Thomson, 10.00; F Turner, 2.00; R Badger, 1 .00; Zieber & Levan, 1.00; Colon & Adri­ance, 6.37 ; P. M., Cambridge, Ohio, 1 .50; T H Pease, 2.00; JA Lattin 10.00; JH Patch,JW S awyer , P. M .; Loekport ; E G Johnson, P. M., O wego ; H B Fanna, P. M., Shelburne, Vt ; W Bicknell, E G Chandlee (2), J Benedict, 0 Cary, C W Potter, P. M., C anajoharie ; W A Ruggles, H B Nina, H Al­len, P. M., New Berlin ; A B Smith, A B Hogs, L B Ensign, S S Pike, H Burnham, P.M., Caledonia, G C lark, D Browning, P. M., Allegheney City ; L C habo, T P Hurst, E Downes, P. M ., E ast Doug­lass ; E A S tever, E Rice, P. M., S t Clairsville ; F W Shumden, E M Vace , P. M. Xen ia; J French , P. M., Farmv!lle ; J M Gill, R Dav is, P. M., Ports· mouth ; J V Campbe lI , P . M., Noblesvi lle ; J Viedi der, P . M., R i � l . m o n d ; 0 B Beebe, P. M., Vin­cennes ; J S n . i t i t , 1' . M., Abingdon ; G T Hopk ins, F Si l l , P. M., IV Ll I I mre Ci ty ; 'V Hnrd , C West­brook, P. M . , Cambr id ge ; It H Speake, 1) Taylor, J 0 Brien , P. M . , C h a r l p s l o w l I , H o n . J. Se mpl e, M W Sm i th , A A l d r i dge, N 0 ) \rooI;8, 1' . M. , Moore­field, Z S Robi nson, P. 1\1., O l d Po int C omfo rt ; W T Albree, P.M., Berkley Spri ngs ; J E mery, J Bow­ker, C H Van Wie, L Jones , J N Has tings , C D Wright , N L Cole, J E Blal;e, J Pender, M S Leon­ard; P. M., Me advil l e ; D Hanshn, A Deach, P. M., Ripley ; P. M., Terre Hall te ; R H Wood r uff, T S M'Lellan, II: -M., Yps i l a l l t i ; 1 ' . 1\1 .. W i nd sor ; J Ca­bott 0 15tmpstm; ;r TIHeny, G J W·ood, 1:'. M., tl6Ue-vill� . R B Smithey, G W Canfield, J M Berry , J F Peggs W BrolV n ey, N D Madera, J H Harrison,

·P. M. G�rd iner ; J H Basford , 1'. M. , Cli nton, T W Gray: P . M., Middle bury ; P.M., Adrian ; S Everts, J M Pal mer, A C Bi l l i ngs, P S tevens, J Ph ilbrook, J M Galloup H 0 13urr i tt, F II Leyon, R F Simon­ton , J A Le�is, P.M., Frank l in ; ! H K ; B B Lew­is J T ncker, A Thayer, L Patlillo, C Benns, G 1" No rth,',v S Golly, M Sull i van, J Talbot, CW Mores, J M Freeman , A Fal k i nson, A S tollenwerck, P.M., Louisville .

ScHo-L F f E �L D ' S C-E L'"-E�B-if�f-E-:5-Impl'Oved Pat.ent Regldator.

N. SCHOLFI ELD, N&1'Wlch, Conn., continues to manufacture, and keeps constantly on:hand, his Impro ved Patent Regulators, for water-·wheels and steam engines ; he makes five d i fferent sizes, indi­cated by numbers comencing at the largest size, which is ca lled No. 1 , &c . .

They are built i n a neat aIld compact form,and prin ted directions accompany each m achine, which will enable any mechanic to put them in operation ; as a general rule the d i ffe rent numbers are adapted to different sized wheels, as fol lows ;

For over -sho t or breast wheels, 3 feet buckets, No. 5 ; 5 or 6 fcet buckets , No. 4 ; G to 10 feet buck­ets, No. 3 ; 8 to 15 feet buckets, No. 2 ; 12 to 20 ft. buckets, No. 1 ; greater than 20 feet, No. 1 extra .

The following agencies have been established for the sale of these machines :-Jones, Denney & Ward, Boston ; V. J. Bates & Co., Providence', R. I. ; Charles Schenck, New York city ; D. Wight & Son, Troy, N. Y. ; RM. Vans ickler, Albany, N.Y.; S.C. Bemis , Springfield , Mass. ; Denslow & Beach , Hartford, Conn.; Joseph B. Hughes, Ph i ladelph ia i Wells Chase, and Towner Dunlap & Co.; Balti­more.

N. S cholfield also builds to Ol der Bacon's Improved Pickers, a superior article lor cotton or wool .

Norwich Conn., Feb. 14. f1 5eowtf.

Plumbe National Dagnel'l'ian Gallery, AND PHOTOGRAPHIC DEPOT,

251 Broadway, corner of Murray street, New York, (over Tenney's Jewelry store,)

Awarded the Medal, four first premiUms and two " hiuh. est

. !lonorst at the e!'hibition at Boston, New York, :nd

Phiiadelplua, respectively, the best pictures and apparatus ever exhibited.

�rice of these superb photographs reduced to that of ordmary ones at other places, &0 that no one need now sit for an ordinary likeness on the score of economy _ taken in any weather.

'

. Plumbe's premium and German Cameras, Instruc­

tlO!l8, plates, cases, &c. &c., forwarded to any desired pomt lit lower rates than by ony other manufacturer. Wanted-�-two or three sltilful opeIator&. Apply as above. jny29

manufactnrers, as gomg to .. ho� m the most capli­vating form, the primitive history of their now much advanced manipul ations-who is there that is prac­tically acquainted with the various manufacturing operations, as they exist, that does not desire to know their origin, to learn from what simple hegin­nings the present complex arrangements have been devised to compress so much for the comfort an d convenience of mankind. Not only is a lesson taught in this volume, bu t new appliances may again o riginate in minds whose power is devoted mainly to the contemplation of such matters in their d aily avocations, and it is for this reason, we would re­commend this useful work to the perusal of our Manufacturers and Artizans.

We are much mistaken if the reader does not l ise from its pages wi th thankfulness for this short par­agraph if it should have any influence in lead ing him to own the book . The author asks nothing from the public, it is anonymous, pu bl ished by the Har­pers in their best style, handsomly bound and i I Ius­ira f e d with engravings, and altogether an American production, worthy of the highest praise to all who have been engaged in presenting i t to the public.­Passaic Guardian.

WL])� W@;3'U'lli£'ll';i]ll]) ill®'ll' �W a Edited by JOHN B. NEWMAN, M. D.-Circumstances

make the man, and very often, as in the present case, the book. For years there has been a steadily increasing interest felt for the vegetable kingdom. Latterly, this taste has been partially gratifled by the literary maga­zines, which owe their popUlarity, in a great measure to the beautilul flower prints that adorn them. One speci­men a month, howe,·er. i< n o t enou!,'h, nor is it required in such connection. A work relati ng exclusively to the Rubject, is wanted by the public, and this want, the pre­sent enterprise is intended to wpply.

We wi ll mention in the outset that no universal pana­cea will be found in its pages . We have never heard a secret worth knowing from, nor been cured of a deadly disease, by an Indian, or a seventh son of a seventh son, or any of the genus ; the medical pretension of all which we utterly loathe and despise .

Preceded by a short introduction on Physiology, and a view of the Natnral and Linnrean Systems, the work will be devoted to a separate consideration of each plant.­Too etlter with o ur 8wo , i n l�V'm " ' :" .. --. � - , , , ' . • Ultf'sudlllafU \'iou,S n lJ hemlstry, Botany, and Medlcme, combining every useful item of knowledge, and without lessening its value, present it in a concise and pleasing form. Obtaining our supplies from the same sources as the bee, we hope to secrete as elegant a sweet for the mind, as it does for the bcdy. The properties of each, more especially the medicinal, will be confirmed, in a great number of instances, by personal experience. To this will be added its history ; its meaning in the lan­guage of flowers ; and poetry, either original or s elected from the gems of the children of song.

The whol e illustrated by splendid colored engravings, taken from nature. full size, and finished in the highest style of modern art.

This work is designed to be eminently popular in its application, and there is enough of that which is stron­ger than fiction about it, to render it, in no ordinary de­gree, i nteresting and instructive.

Terms.-Thls work will be published monthly, with four or six flowers, handsomely painted, in each number. Price three dollars a year, or two eopies sent to one ad­dress for five dollars . A very liberal discount allowed to agents. J. K. WELLMAN,

feb24-3t. Publisher and proprietor, 1 1 8 Nassau st.

W. H. BRIDGENS . Engraver, Die Sinker,

A N D S T E E L L E T T E R C U T T E R

No. 184 William, corner of Spruce st. Name-Stamps for Blacksmiths, Stone Cutters, Carpen­

ters and machinists, steel letters and figures of all sizes constantly on hand for marking iron, steel, brass and wood ; Notary seals, desk seals, door plates made and engraved ; artificial flower stamps, vainers and loofers made at the shortest notice and on most reasonable tenns.

feb 1 1 .

F. J. Austln-;---PRE S S MAKER AND MACHINI ST,

(Removed from 93 G old st., to ) No. 31 Ann street, New York,

Where he continues to carry on the above business in all its various branches, and is prepared to rece ivp. orders f<r all the various kinds of presses, and other articles in his line, used in a Printing Office and B indery, namely,

Improved patent-machine Printing Press ; ditto Washington ditto ; i mproved patent Self-inking Ma­chine ; improved Screw S tanding-pre�s ; Lithogra­phic press ; Copperplate press ; Card press ; Copy­ing and Seal press ; Embossing press ; improved Patent Book-binders' Cutting press ; Cast and Wrou�h t Iron Chases, Stereotype Blocks, etc. etc .

Jobblllg of all kinds, done at the shortest notice. From long practical experience in the business, and

personal attention thereto, he is confident of being abJ e to give general satisfaction to all who may favor him with their custom, and to execute all orders with promptness .

Charges moderate. A reasonable discount made for cash. feb. 1 1 .

A . G . Bagley'S Celebrated Improved

EVER POINTED GOLD PEN. THIS Pen received the highe�t premium at the la6t

Fair of the American Institute, and has been pronounced by the first teachers of Penmanship in the country to be infinitely superior to any Gold Pen ever before introdu­ced to the American public. The lasting properties of this Pen are ll ndoubted, owing to the total absence of corrosibility from any of the inks in use, and the pecu­liar shade of the nibs, (which was first introduced by Bagle" (makes it more pleasant to lise, renders it le�s liable to damage, more easy to repair, and prevents the necess ity of the great care that other articles of the kind req uire .

MANUFACTOry, 189 Breltdway, N. Y. nov9.

.. r Fal'Ilam'S Patent Hydraulics. PLEASE TO READ THIS I I

Two Valuable Publications F OR ONLY

TWO DOLLARS ! !

Locke's Portable Shower Bath . THE subscri?er has the satisf�ction to announce

to the pubhc, that he has perfected , and is pre­pared to furn ish at short notice, a portable shower-bath far superior in util ity and convenience of management t� �nything of the kind hitherto offered. It con stitute; a light and genteel article of furniture for a bed-chamber and so perfectly constructed, that either a lady or gentle: man �a n at any moment enj oy a copious shower without

I the Id. of servants, and w ithodt haviug a drop of the wa-

I ter spn nkled on the carpet or floor. And by a slight change in a part of the apparatus, the same roay be con­- vel'ted to a steam- bath, either plain or aromatic. Theie hA"ths are UJanufaetn reli. and may bc examined at No. 3 1

D. L. FARNAM,

A Three-Dollar Magazine at Half Price. n:::r AGENTS W AN'rED.

THE CHEAPEST AND BEST FAMILY MAGAZINE I N TH E UNITED STATES.

:Fol'ly-Eight large octavo Pages, and F I F T E E N E N G R A V I N G S

in each Number. Publi!hed on the first of4lvery month. NEW VOI.llME-JANlTARY 1 846.

n n "t. JOHN LOCKE Dec 4. •

----- AbAMS & Co. 'S G R E AT EAS'1'-'�

D fRN, S OUTHEUN, AND WESTERN

T),\M.s !\J package Expl'ess. A i ...... �O. res,�ctfully give notIce that their

(29 FULTON STR E ET, N. y. ) MANUFACTURE S C a s t Iron Fountains in'great variety, at prices from Five to F ive Thousand Dollars i-also Lift and Force Pumps, calculated to raise from ten to six thousand gallons per minute, and fitted lor every variety of purpose for which they can be. required . Fire Engines, of superior powers ; Leather Hose, Wind Mills, Water Wheels, Horse Powers, Lead Pipe, Air Pumps, Brass Work, &c. &c.

ROBERT SEARS, 128 Nassau st., New York, wilt hereafter furnish his

N EW P ICTORIAL AND I LLUSTRATED

�rrangl tents for their various Expresses have been per­fect.ed �4lt the greatest care, and enable them to for­w�l d, W,th the utmost �ccurity and rapidity, and at mo-- delatr :'lI.tes, MerchandIze of every description, viz. :_ BO

I1'<"

b,

\Bundles, Packages, Specie, Bank Notes, samples va u� e papers, &c. &c., to

.i3oBt4n, Hartford,

D. L. F. has pulished a work on the subj ect of Hy­draul ic apparatus, Fountains, &c., which contains much useful and practical information, and among others 18 cuts of Fountains, with their prices i -the book can be forwarded by mail to those requiring i n formation on the above subjects. nov9

Patent A (rency � DRA WINGS and specifications of machines , with other papers requisite for procuring Patents o f

New Inventions, will be furn ished at short notice, at the offiee of the Scientific Americll i l . No charge will be made for advice cr instructions on the subj ect of secu· ring Pa_te_n_t_s_. ____ _

Book for Mechanics, THE ENGINEER'S AND MECH A NIC'S

@@l1'lIJP lil:ri,�7n©IDl a Comprising Weights, Mijasures, Mensuration of superfi­ces and solids, tables of squ ares and cubes,-square anc! cube roots, circumference, and areas of c ircles, the me­chan ical powers, centres of gravity, gravi�ation of bo­dies ; strength, weight, and crush of materials ; water­wheel s ; hydrostatics, hydraulics, statics, centres of per­cussion v_nd giration ; friction, heat, tables of weight and metals ; pipes, scantling, and interest ; steam and the steam engine.

By J. M. SCRIBNER, A. M. Rec�tly published , and for sale by

HU� T r-,GTO� &. S1\ VAGE, 216 Pearl s t . , pr i ce $ 1 , 1 2 to $ I , !'> O .

F o r sale, also, at this oilice. jny 1 - - -�.--- -- -. P R O S C H ' S

Family Magazine for 1846. In all res!,ects equal to the Three·Dol l ar Magazines, at the low price of II7 ONLY ONE DOLLAR AND A HALF PER AN· NUM.

Il:J' Any person sending FIVE DOLLARS , shall rece,vQ FIVE COPIES of tho Magazine, for one year, as he shall direct.

II:::i' All subj ects which w ill admit of it , will be illustrated with En�ravings. Tho w\lOle number of the Engravings, ,at the conclusion of the VOlume, will amount to tieveral hundHid.

G REAT INDUCEMENTS TO SUBSCRIBE.

We offer to Postmaster. and others, a copy of our new Work, just published, entitled the

PICTORIAL HISTORY OF THE A M E R I O A N R E V O L U T I O N .

( E mbel l !shcd with an ori ginal Portrait of W ASIIlNGTON, by Chapman, and more t han 160 other Engravings, 430 pp. 8yo. ) , for every N E W SUBS CHIBER, with TWO DOI.L.AR$ en· closed , free of postage.

II7 A llY persoll procuring TEN SUBSCRIBERS. and .send· ing ELEVEN DOLLARS, shall receive TEN COPIES of the Magazine, and the " H istory" as above .

Jrr We have authority, under the new post office law, to send tho above work cOll lplctc, by mail , bound in one volume . The postage will Hot exceed twenty-five cents to any pa:t of t I le United States .

TO YOUNG M E N O I l T OF E MPJ,OY M E N T ! !

SEARS' N EW P I CTO R IAL PUBL ICATIONS. AGENTS WANTED ! in o \' c ry t o w n and village through­

out the U nited States, for Scars' Popular I l l us trated Wnks, handsomely bound in gilt p ict.orial m u s l i n . They consi st 01-SEARS' PI CTORIAL S U N D A Y BOOK. 600 pages . l arge avo. SEARS' NEW PICTORIAL FAMILY LIllRARY, 600 pp.,

l argo 8vo. SEAUS' PI CTORIA l, lJISTORY OF THE AMERICAN REV

OLUTION, 450 pp. large 8vo. SEARS ' PICTORIAl> BIIlI.E H ISTORY, 680 pages, largo 8v •. SEARS' I'ICTORIAI. B IBI.E 1JI0G RAI'HY, 500 PP' Llarge 8ro. SEARS' PICTORIAL WONDERS OF THE WORLlJ, 000 pp.,

large Svo . J:r::7 Entf'rpri�'ing and responsible mtn throughout the United

States, would do well to engage in the sale of the above new and valuable volumes. A hand. orne remuneration allowed to all who engage in their sale.

For particulars, addresS..LPosl-�id, ROBERT SEARS, 1 28 Na��:1U st., N. Y.

T E E T H . Daguerreotype Rooms, 1'HE cheapest office in this city for Dental opera-

E X P R E S S BU I LDING, 1 12 BROA IJ W A. Y, tions is Dr. Brown's, 280 1 -2 Broad way, be-Nearly opposite the C ity Hotel, New Yurl! . tlVeen Reade and C halJ lbers sl.

Likenesses obtained at this e�tabl i"hment in "' I l(>r ior Nntural and m i nernl teeth inserted from $1 to 3 150

style, ana inclosed i n a handsome Case fur O ne Dollar IkcRYcd teeth l i l l etl with white cement, Fifty Cents addit ional if colored and �eal ct l . I an t! warrn n ted 11 st'fu I fur ulasticat ion, 50 I Rv,�l'' ' Cl -, - ' - � t " -'-� - - - . ' • . , - _ - ""n:'. '\�I."-"he cu ret! cJrect ual ly wi thout pain, 50 N • .0: Instruct io l l !(iven in t l�� -;ri:" �nd the most im- 1 ceth elltracted with JiBS than half the u sual pflin 50 I proved apparatus, &c., t'urn ished on as favorable terms as n� = our.." elsewhllrc. GF.o. W. PROSCH. fd)'l i60 I-Z nrnnawny, '3 doors libove C hllmbers, next to

FREE I�XHI 8 IT I ON, Persons are invited to call and see their own

P O R T R A I T S , IN DAGUE RREOTYPE,

to purchase or not, at their pleasure, nt A . S E A L E Y ' S

Daguerreall Room, Southeast corner of Broad. way and Fulton street,

(Entrance 156 Fulton,) New Ya'rk . Plain Portraits, including morocco case, $ 1 00 ; co-

lored do. $ 1 50. feM

The Nautilus. The most complete, improved and perfect

LIFE PRESERVER that h'1S ever yet been used or k nown, is manufactured and for sale atNo. 90 Nassau street. This i nstrument is so constructed as to be condensed into a sma ll compass, and may ever be carried in the pocket ; but wh en re­quired for use, it instantly inflates itsel f, and may be ad­justed round the body and secured in one fou rth of n mi ­nute, a n d will effectually secure the wearer ag-ainst the possibility of drowning. The price of the article is $3 , 50. j an 22.

Rolling Mills, blast Furnaces & FOl'ge�, Iron works of all descriptious, erected upon the most

improved plans ; steam or water powers. Drawings, plans and estimatC5 made for buildings,

furnaces and machinery, and contracts for the whole or any part thereof taken and executed with promptness and de.!lpatch ; lind will also give his personal superintendence in the erection of iron wurks of all kinds, such as Rolling mills, blast furnaces-of hot and cold blasts-anthricite, bituminous, and charcoal or wood furnaees, forges, trip­hammers ; iren, brass, and bell foundry, pU!l1ing and heat­ing furnaees, air cupolo chaffel'Y and refinery, or let out furnaces.

N.B.-All letters directed, post-paid, to S. B. MER­KEL, Founder-machinist, millwright., draughtsman and Engineer, Philadelphia . Pa. feb 1 J .

J 0 H�B R 0 WN-. ----- - ----CARPENTER AND PRINTER'S J OINER.

Nos. 29 � Gr Ann-street, N. Y. MANUF ACTURER of Cases, Stands, F urni­

ture, &c. Stereotype Blocks, of various sizes . Box-wood and mahogany, for Engravers, always on

hand. Stereotype plates blocked at short notice. PI'eSS, paper, and letter boards, of every description . Book-binders' cutting and pattern boards. Stereotype boxes, made to order. Printers', stereotypers, type-founders's, and book­

binders' jobbing work done at the shortest notice. N. B. Orders from various sections of the country

solicited, and promptly executed. nov9

G A L V A N I C A P P A R A T U S . DANIEL DAVI S , Jr., 428 Washington street, B�ston, manufactures all the variety of philoso­phical apparatus, connected with Magnetism, Galvanism, Electro-magnetism, and Magneto Elec�ricity. He has cOU!tantly on hand a variety of Electro-magnetic ma­chines, permanent magnets, Galvanic Batteries, &c. For sale on the most liberal terms. nov 1 8

G U R NEY'S PREMIUM DAGUERRIAN Gallery, 180 Broadway, New York.-Pictures

taken at the establishment are not excelled in this coun­try-so say his D.umerous patrons. The public are res­pectfully invited to call and judge for themselves.

Stewart' & Co. 's new store. Referen ces can be hnd from several hundred families,

also to the med ical faculty of the city. nov l 8

The Best Ink Known, 111co Silver Medals Premium !

At the Annual Fair of the American and Mechanics' 111-8 t i t ute for 1 846, a SILVER MEDAL was awarded by each to Thaddeus Davids for " the Best writing Ink known." 500 gross 2, 4 6, 8, 1 6, and 32 -oz. steel pen ink ; 1 00 gross, ditto blue, red, j apan, aad copying ditto ; 200 gross, Indelible Ink, warranted, with and without a preparation in elegant cases ; 5000 Ibs. wafers, all sizes and qual itie! from 10 to 50 Ibs.; 1 0,000 lbs., sealing wax from 6ets. to $ 1 , per lbs . For sale, wholesale and retail, on accommodating terms, by THADDEUS DAVIDS, Importer and manufacturer of sooling wax, wafers, inks, indelible inks, &c., No. 1 1 2 John street, New York, and by all stat ioners, booksellers, druggists, &c., in the United States. i ny29

AT HENRY ROWN TREE 'S old established 1'001 Slore, at the Corner of C hambers and

Chatham streets, Mechanics, Farmers, &c., will flnd an assortment of good Tools, suitable for almost every branch of trade.

H. R. feels obliged to his many customers, of every class, lor their past patronage and hereby assures them that RO pains shall be spared to procure the best articles in all variety .

H. R. has a greater part of his goods made expressly for him, and Mechanics, &c., may place confidence in them, haying had the gold medal awarded him, at the late Fair, for the best tools.

First rate Razors ; Pen and Pocket Knives ; Ta:ble Knives and Forks, &c.

� Remember, at the corner of Chambers and Chatham streets. dec26 ---- -�-----------

Levi Chapman. No. 102 WIlliam Street, New York.

Manufactul'er .?f t1�e CELEBRATED Im£®lJ@ RAZOR &S�m®l:P

of four sides. Also, Pocket Books, Wallets, cfc.

On the most extensive scale. L. C .'s facilities for manufacturing Pocket Books, or

Wallets, fur the supply of those wholeoale dealers who buy to sell again by the gross or dozen, are unequalled, he having employed for the last ten years from 50 to 270 workmen . His present well regulated system of division of lebor, enables him to supply these articles at Il very great reduction, at least one third less than forroer prices.

Strops retailed at from 50 cents to $ 1,00 each, vary­ing only in outward finish and size-warranted to please or the money returned. ja1l22.

JOHN. H. MILLER B o o k , J o b , a n d M u s i c P r i n t e r .

No. 41 Wall Street, in the rear, New York. nov18

Worcester, Springfield NorWich, Philadelphia N'ew London, Baltimore, ' New �aven, Washington, D.C. FrederIcksburg, Va. Wilmington, N. Co . Richmond, Charleston, Norfolk Savannah, Portsmouth, Augusta , Ga. Petersburg, CumberiaIlfi, Wheeling, Pittsburg, Cincinnati , Louisville, St. Louh ..

Our Agents m these several Cities pay particular at­tention to the collection and payment of Notes Drafts B ills, &c., and all other business appertaining to

' our Ex� press.

In connexion with l\;Iessrs. Wilmer & Smith, of Liver­pool, we have e�tabhshed an E uropean Express, sim­ilar in its design and operation to our AmericaR Express and alike beneficial to the Mercb ants and Imp orters oi both countries. Custom HOWle business promptly at­tenrled to.

Express for the South and West leaveS the Ollice daily, at 1-4 to 3, and half past 4 P.".

Express for the East at 1 -4 to 15 P. M. l\f erchants and others will bear in mind, we run the

only Express Cars between New York and Baltimore. feM nv905w ADAMS & CO., 16 Wall street"

J 0 H N S O N ' S

D I N I N G S A L O O N , No. 144 FULTON STREET.

(Near Broadway) : New Yorl, . BILL OF FARE.

Roast Turkey, " Goo�e, " Chicken, " Duck, " Beef, " Pork, e, Veal, " Lamb, " Pig,

Boi led Chicken, " Mutton, " Corned Beef, " Pork, " Fish,

HSQ .�oiled Ham, 1 8d Pork and Bean�, 1 8d Veal Pie, 18d eef Steak Pie,

6d Chicken Pie, 6d Mush and Milk, 6d Rice and Milk, 6d Lamb Pot Pie,

1 2d Fried Fish, 1 2d Fried Clams,

6d Ham and Eggs, 6d Chicken SOUl', 6d Beef Soup, 6d I ()ofl'pp_

D e s s e r t . SlIct P ,. dding 6d Mince Pie, Indi* Pudding, od Apple Pie, Rice Pudding, � 6d Peach Pie, Plu m Pudding, ' 6d Plum Pie, Bread Pudd ing, 6d Pumpkin Pie Apple Dumplings, 6d Custard Pie, '

B r e a k f a s t a n d T e a . Beef Steak, 6d Hot Corn Bread Veal Pie, 6d Indian Cakes ' Mutton Chops, 6d Boiled Eggs

'

Ham and Eggs, 12<1 Fried Eggs'

fried Tripe, 6d Toast '

Fried Sausages, 6d Hot :M: ullins Fried Fish, 6d Hot Rolls

'

Fried Clams, 6d Tea, ' Fried Liver, tid Coffee,

J. C H A P M AN ' S Gentlemen's Furnishing Stol'e,

N�. 354 Pearl Stl'eet, One door fi'om Franklin Square, New York.

6d 6d 6d 6d

1 2<1 tid 6d 6d 6d 6d

1 2d 6d 6d 6d

611 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d

6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 3d 3d

Sto�ks, Cravats, re�dy made linen, hosiery, gloves ; and a varIety of other artICles, of the best qUality, constantly � hand, and for Bille at the lowest prices. jny 29

W. N. SEYMOUR & CO. IMPORTE RS AND DEALERS,

AT THE Old Established Hardware and Tool Store ,

No. 4 Chatham Square, (at the Foot of the Bowery, N .Y.)

HAVE the greatest assortment of Hardware for build-ers ; Mechanics' tools of all descriptions.

Wm. Graves & Sons' warranted cast steel files & lools. Worrall's warranMd cast steel saws . Hoe & CO.'5 do. do. do. Cabinet Trimmings. Tin and wooden war e . House-keeping articlei of great variety. Agricultural tools. Patent Safety Fuse for blastfng. Sole Agents, for this city, for J. A. Fay'� patent Mor-

tising Machine. THE INVISIBLE DOOR SPRING. Y;-. !'I'. s. & Co: have �a�en the el:e1u�ive agency, fur

thiS CIty, of ElliS'S InVISIble Door Sprmg, whieh com. mands a ready preference over all others, and has made arrangements to have them put on and adjusted to the doors of those who may require them ; Mr. Shaffer 75 Warren st , is engaged to superintend this departm'ent arM will promptly attend to all orders in this line.

•

Dec. 25.

Lap.welded Boiler Flues. PRO S SE R'S PATENT.

THESE Flues' alone, are now uscd in their rna. rine engine boilers, by the French and English �o�e:nments, an� also by �ornpanies and private mdlvlduals for manne, locomotIve, and stationary boilers where rapid generation of steam, with economy of fuel weight and stowage is an obj ect of consideration .

•

They can be obtained only, of the Patentee, at No 6 Liberty street, New York. THOS. PROSSER,

Nov 19tf. Patentee.

ELEGANT DAGUERRIAN

P o r t r a i t s , Furnished in neat morocco cases for

ONE DOLL.'\.R, By H. E. INSLEY, 122 1'.nd 124 Broadway.

ALEX. HAC DONALD : PIUl't'TBR.

© 1846 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC.