Columna vertebralis
description
Transcript of Columna vertebralis
![Page 1: Columna vertebralis](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061510/56813ae2550346895da33753/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Columna vertebralis](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061510/56813ae2550346895da33753/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Columna vertebralis7 vertebrae cervicales
12 vertebrae thoracicae
5 vertebrae lumbales
5 vertebrae sacrales joined in os sacrum
4-5 vertebrae coccygeae joined in u os coccygis
![Page 3: Columna vertebralis](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061510/56813ae2550346895da33753/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Columna vertebralis](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061510/56813ae2550346895da33753/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Common features of all vertebrae
- corpus vertebrae (trup kralješka) – veličina im raste prema donjem kraju kralježnice
- arcus vertebrae (luk kralješka) – počinje čvrstim korijenima (pediculus arcus vertebrae), straga ih spaja pločica (lamina arcus vertebrae), a završava šiljatim nastavkom (processus spinosus); urez - incisura vertebralis sup. & inf. (f. intervertebrale)
- 2 para zglobnih nastavaka na prijelazu korijena u luk – gornji i donji zglobni nastavci (processus articulares superiores et processus articulares inferiores)
- 2 poprečna nastavka lateralno od korijena luka (processus transversus)
- 1 šiljasti nastavak (processus spinosus)
-foramen vertebrale – omeđen je sprijeda trupom, sa strane korijenom, a straga pločicom luka kralješka; otvori poredani jedan iznad drugog tvore canalis vertebralis (spinalis) u kojem je smještena medulla spinalis (kralješnična moždina)
- pojedine skupine kralježaka imaju posebne odlike po kojima ih razlikujemo, ali prijelaz između njih nije nagao, pa npr. gornji grudni nalikuju vratnima, a donji grudni slabinskim kralješcima
Thoracic
Lumbar
![Page 5: Columna vertebralis](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061510/56813ae2550346895da33753/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
7: atlas, axis, v. c. III, IV, V, VI, v. prominens
![Page 6: Columna vertebralis](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061510/56813ae2550346895da33753/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Columna vertebralis](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061510/56813ae2550346895da33753/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Typical cervical vertebrae (C3-C7):
- malo tijelo, a velik (veći od tijela) trokutast spinalni kanal
- rascjepljen šiljasti nastavak (C2-C6)
- rascjepljen poprečni nastavak u dvije kvržice:- tuberculum anterius (zakržljalo vratno rebro – C7)- tuberculum posterius (pravi poprečni nastavak) - između kvržica je žlijeb (sulcus nn. spinalis)
- u samom poprečnom nastavku je f. transversarium - kroz njega prolaze a. i v. vertebralis
- gornje zglobne plohe usmjerene natrag i gore, donje naprijed i dolje
![Page 8: Columna vertebralis](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061510/56813ae2550346895da33753/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Columna vertebralis](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061510/56813ae2550346895da33753/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Columna vertebralis](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061510/56813ae2550346895da33753/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)