Indian Standard

COLOURS FOR READY MIXED PAINTS AND ENAMELS

(Sixth Revision)

ICS 25.220.50: 87.040

@ BIS 2007

B U R E A U O F I N D I A N S T A N D A R D S MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG I

May 2007

Paints, Varnishes and Related Products Sectional Committee, CHD 20

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (Sixth Revision) was adopted by the Bureau o f Indian Standards, after tlie draft finalized by the Paints, Varnishes and Related Products Sectional Committee had been approved by tlie Chemical Division Council.

This standard was tirst published in 1949 and since then i t has been revised five times in 1955, 1961 (and also reprinted in 1969), 1978 (also reprinted in 1984), 1994 and 2004. Considering the likeliliood of variation in the instrumental values with the earlier version, the Committee decided that new version o f IS 5 shall be sixth revision and to print fresh instrumental values in this version. Tlie approximate 'Munsell'values in terms ofhue, lightness value graduation (value) and chroma are given in Table I . Tlie colourimetric values in terms o f trichromatic system are also given in Tnble I .

An explanation o f the 'Munsell' system of colour references and glossary of colcur terms i s given in Annex A. The definition 'L', 'a' and 'b' - three di~nensions o f Uni for~n CIE colour space have been given in Annex A. 'L' stands for lightness, 'a' denotes rednesslgreenness and 'b' indicates yellowness/ blueness.

The composition o f the Committee responsible for the formulation o f this standard i s given in Annex B.

In the preparation o f this revised standard substantial assistance was provided in the measurement and checking o f colour values by MIS Jay Instruments and Syste~ns Pvt Ltd, Mu~nbai andactive collaboration ofthe panel ofreferees colnprising ofexperls from National Test House, Kolkata; M/s Berger Paints India Ltd, Kolkata; MIS Shalimar Paints Ltd, Kolkata; Mis Asian h i n t s Ltd, Munibai and MIS Kansai Nerolac Paints Ltd, Mumbai in matching o f colour shades, which are thankfully acknowledged.

Indian Standard

COLOURS FOR READY MIXED PAINTS AND ENAMELS

(Sixth Revision)

1 SCOPE

This standard covers 104 colours for ready mixed paints and enamels grouped under Blue; Green; Yellow, Cream and Buff; Brown and Pink; Red and Orange; Grey; and Violet.

2 TERMINOLOGY

For the purpose ofthis standard, the definitions ofcolour termsgiven in Annex A of this standard shall apply.

3 NUMBERING SYSTEM

3.1 Three digit numbers have been given to the colours, of which the first digit indicates the group of colours according to the seven broad colour divisions mentioned in 1, each group having a range of numbers allotted, namely:

Blue ......... 100-199 ......... Green 200-299

Yellow, Cream and Buff ......... 300-399 Brown and Pink ......... 400-499 Red and Orange ......... 500-599 Grey ......... 600-699 Violet ......... 700-799

3.1.1 Whenever new colours are required to be added in the above ranges, these will be assigned numbers which do not overlap the existing numbers.

4 'MUNSELL' REFERENCES AND COLOURIMETRIC VALUES

Approximate 'Munsell' references for each colour are given in Table I quoted by the respective reference number. The Indian Standard Colour(1SC) number shall always be used for identifying a colour, and 'Munsell' references are given for guidance and as an aid in comparing individual properties in terms

ofhue, value and chroma. The colourimetric values (chromaticity co-ordinates and luminance factor) expressed in ternis of the trichromatic system for colourimetry, which constitute a permanent record of the standard colours obtained from spectrophotometric measurements are also given in Table I for guidance. The 'Munsell'system ofcolours is briefly explained in Annex A.

ANNEX A (Foreword, C1uuse.s 2 und 4)

GLOSSARY O F COLOUR TERMSAND T H E 'MUNSELL'SYSTEM

A-l DEFINITIONS

A-1.1 Achromatic Sensations- Visual sensations devoid ofthe attribute of hue.

A-1.2 Additive Mixture-The mixture of light stimuli in such a manner that they enter the eye simultaneously or in rapid succession and are incident on the same area of the retina, or enter in the form of a mosaic which the eye cannot resolve.

A-1.3 Black

A-1.3.1 A visual sensation arising from some portion o f a luminous field of extremely low luminosity.

A-1.3.2 As defined in A-1.3.1, but applied to a secondary source which is completely absorbing at all visible wavelengths.

NOTE - The amms 'white' and 'black' are not ol,\,nys used is the slrict sense delined above. 11 is usual to apply them to grc)s and ncutrnlr. the luminance Factor ol' which is lnearly unity or nearly zero rrspeclively.

A-1.4 BlacL Content - The subjectively estimated amount of blackness seen in the visual sensation arising from a surface colour.

A-1.5 Brightness - That colour quality, a decrease in which is associated with the residual degradation which would result from the addition of a small quantity of neutral grey to the colouring material when the strength of the mixture has been readjusted to the original strength (comparison biighter).

A-1.6 Colour A-1.6.1 That characteristic of visual sensation which enables the observer to distinguish differences in the quality of the sensation of the kind which can be

caused by differences in the spectral composition of the light.

A-1.6.2 That characteristic ofthe light stimulus, light source or object, which gives rise to the visual sensation in a red light, a white light, a red face, etc.

A-1.6.3As defined in A-1.6.1 or A-1.6.2, but restricted to the appearance o f redness, greenness, etc, or as distinct from whiteness, greyness or blackness; that is, chromatic colour in contra-distinction to achromatic colour.

A-1.7 Complementary Colours

A-1.7.1 Additive- Any two colours which, by additive mixture, can be made to match a specified achromatic colour.

A-1.7.2 Subtractive-Any two absorbing media which, by subhactive mixture, can be made to match specified achromatic colour.

A-1.8 Colour Content -The subjectively estimated amount ofcolourfUlness seen in the visual sensation arising from a surface colour. Similar to chroma.

A-1.9 Cleaner - A difference apparently due to the presence o f less black than in the original sample.

A-1.10 Cool Colours - Green or blue, or colours which exhibit a predominance of these.

A-1.11 Chromatic Sensations - Visual sensations possessing the attribute of hue.

A-1.12 Dichroism - A phenomenon in which a secondary source shows a marked change in hue with change in the observing conditions. Instances are: (a) change in colour temperature ofthe illuminant. (b) change in concentration of an absorbing material, (c) change in thickness o f an absorbing layer, (d) change in direction of illumination or viewing, and (e) change in condition of polarization.

A-1.13 Dullness - That colour quality, an increase in which i s associated with the residual degradation which would result from the addition of asmall quantity ofneutral grey to the colouringmaterial when the strengthofthe mixture has been readjusted to the original strength (comparison duller).

A-1.14 Deeper - A difference apparently due to the presence o f less white than in the original sample.

A-1.15 DirtierIDullcr-Adifference apparently due to the presence of more black than in the original sample.

A-1.16 Full Colour- Surface colours which are produced with the maximum colourfulness obtainable.

A-1.17 Grey

A-1.17.1 Any achrolnatic sensation o f l t~~ninosi ty intermediate between black and white.

A-1.17.2 As defined in A-1.17.1, but applied to a secondary source which is partially absorbingat someor all visible wavelengths but from which the reflected or transmitted light has the same colour as that o f the incident light.

A-1.18 Hue - Attribute o f visual sensation which has given rise to colour names, such as, blue, green, yellow, red and purple.

A-1.19 L igh t - Radiant power (energy flux) capable o f stimulating the eye to produce visual sensation.

A-1.20 Minus Colours -- Colours in which only the spectral components associated with the colour named arc not present to any substantial extent, for example, minus red.

A-1.21 'Munsell' Chroma - The estimated pure chromatic colour content o f a surface colour on a scale o f equal sensation intervals extending from grey (Cliroma = 0), as specified objectively by tlie sa~nple o f tlie 'Munsell' Atlas (sec Note ).

NOTE --The 'Mansell' Systcln presents l l i e closcsl ;~llempt at reprusrnting the colour solid of surfhce culours by samples, spaced at c q a i ~ l sensntion inlervals and, tllercfore. l l l e c loscsl correlr,lion will) tile subjrclivr variahlc. which arc chroma, li&hlness (called volue) and l ~uc .

A-1.22 'Munsell' Value -The estilnated lightness o f any surface colour on a scale o f I 0 equal sensation intervals extending from ideal black (value = 0) to ideal white (value = lo), as specified objectively for values from I to 9 in the 'Munsell' Atlas (see Note under A-1.21).

A-1.23 'Mensell' Hue --The hue o f a surface colouron a scale o f 100 equal sensation intervals round a colour circle o f constant chroma, a specified objectively by the samples o f tlie 'Munsell' Atlas (see Note under A-1.21).

A-1.24 Masstone - The colour by reflected light o f a bulk o f undiluted pigment.

A-1.25 Neut ra l Grey- Applied to a secondary source which is equally absorbing at al l visible wavelengths.

A-1.26 Pr imary L ight Source -A body or objcct emitting light by virtue o f transfortnation o f energy into radiant energy within itself.

A-1.27 Sliade-Acolour ofthesame hue and saturation but lower luminosity.

A-1.28 Shadow Series

A-1.28.1 S~ihjecfive -A series of colours of varying luminosity but constant hue and saturation.

A-1.28.2 Objeclive - A series of colours of varying luminance but constant chromaticity.

A-1.29 Strength - That colour quality, an increase in which is associated with an increase in the concentration of the colouring material present, all other conditions (viewing, etc) remaining the same (comparisons stronger, weaker).

A-1.30 Stronger - A difference apparently due to the presence of more colour than in the original sample.

A-1.31 Subtractive Mixture - The mixture of absorbing media or the superposition of filters so that the co~nposition of the light stimulus passing through the combination is determined by the simultaneous or successive absorption of pans of the spectrum by each medium present.

A-1.32 Secondary Light Source-A body or object transmittingor reflecting light falling on it from any other source, whether primary or secondary.

A-1.33 Tint - The weak colour resulting from the addition to white of a small amount o f colouring matter.

A-1.34 Tings - A trace of added colour.

A-1.35 Tone - A slight variant o f a colour.

A-1.36 Undertone - The colour of a pigment when it is used in very thin layers or greatly extended with white, the hue ofwhich may oRen differ from that of the masstone.

A-1.37 Warm Colour- Red, orange or yellow, or colours which exhibit a predominance of these.

A-1.38 Weaker -A difference apparently due to the presence of less colour than in the original sample.

A-1.39 White

A-1.39.1 An achromatic sensation of relatively high luminosity.

A-1.39.2As detined in A-1.39.1, but applied to a secondarysource which is non-absorbing at all visible wavelengths.

A-1.40 White Content - The subjectively estimated amount o f whiteness seen in the visual sensation arising from a surface colour.

A-1.41 Whiter-A difference apparently due to the presence of more white than in the original sample.

A-2 T H E 'MUNSELL'SYSTEM

A-2.1 In the 'Munsell' system, the colours are specified in terms ofhue, value and chroma.

A-2.1.1 Hue - It distinguishes red from blue, green from yellow, etc and is denoted by letter (for example, R for red, BG for blue-green) with prefix numbers, namely, 2.5,7.5, or 10. If, for example, the R (red) number is greater than 5, the colour inclines, to the yellow-red (YR), and ifthe R number is less than 5, the colour inclines to red-purple (RP), and so on round the hue circle.

A-2.1.2 Vulue- It is related to lightness or darkness o fa colourand is quoted as ranging fiom 0 to 10; the low figures represent the darker coloun and finally black (O), the high figures represent the light colours and finally white (1 0). A rough estimate of the reflectance as n percentage is given by the formula V(V-I), where V is the 'value'. Thus, colours of similar values have similar reflectance.

A-2.1.3 Chroma-Attribute of a visual sensation which permits ajudgement to be made in the amount of pure chromatic colour present, irrespective of the amount o f a chromatic colour.

It is strength ofcolour and is based on a scale from neutral grey (-10) towards full strength at any given 'value' level. Steps are denoted numerically at even intervals.

A-2.1.4 Chromoticity Coordinates - Ratio of each of the three tristimulus values to their sum. it indicates the colour quality of the sample and recommended symbols are x, y and z in the CIE 1931 standard Colourimetric System and xlO, ylO and 210 in the CIE 1964 Supplementary Colourimetric System.

y10= YIO

X10+Y1O+Z10

210 = ZIO

XIO+YIO+ZIO

X, Y and Z are the tristimulus values in the CIE I93 1 Standard Colourimetric System and X10, Y 10 andZ10 in the CIE 1964 Supplementary Colourimetric System.

x + y + z = I andx10+y10+z10= 1

llluminant D65-Averagenorth sky daylight with colour temperature 6 500 K. ' , ' ? ' . L , a , b , - Three dimensions of uniform CIE colour space, 'L' stands for lightness, 'a' denotes rednesslgreenness and 'b' indicates yellownesshlueness.

10 degree observer - Standard C1E observer recommended wherever colour matching conditions exceeds 4 Deg. Field of view.

A-2.1.5 Tristimulus Value -Amounts of the three reference or matching stimuli required to give a match with the colour stimulus considered, in a given trichromatic system.

The symbols recommended for the histimulus values are X, Y and Z in the CIE 1931 Standard Colourimetric System and X10, Y I0 and ZIO in the CIE 1964 Standard Colourimetric System.

A-2.1.6 Luminance Value - The emission by matter of electromagnetic radiation which for certain wavelengths or restricted regions of the specrmm is in excess ofthat due to the thermal radiation from the material at the same temperature is defined as Luminance.

The ratio of the luminance of a body while illuminated and observed under certain conditions to that of perfect defuser under the same conditions.

A-2.1.7Mefhon'ofDererminaf~onbn ofChromafihi Coorali?afes- The value of reflectance is measured for the sample over a circular area of 8 mm in dia over a wavelength range of360 to 740 nm at I0 ~n interval. The "Minolta CM 3220 D" colour matching system is used for determining the reflectance values.

A-2.2 A complete 'Munsell' reference for a colour, for example, 7.5 R, 9/2 means:

a) Hue of 7.5 R denoting a red inclined towards yellow-red, b) Value 9 denoting a very light colour, and c) Chroma 2 indicating that the strength of the colour is low.

A broad description ofthe colour would, therefore, be 'pale-pink'.

A-2.3 It should he noted, however, that neutral greys, having no hue or chroma, are denoted by the value figure prefixed by 'N', for example, 'N6' or 'N8'

A-2.4 In the design ofthe colour range 'Munsell' references provide the means of defining the various categories of colour required.

Table 1 Approximate 'Munsell' References and Colourimetric Values

(Foreword and Clause 4)

SI No.

Indian Stan- dard

Colour (ISC) No.

(2) - 101 102 103 104 I05

106 108 166 169 174

NamcofColour Chromaticity Approximate 1.uminanreValue Shade Coordinntes Muusell Value

+-- X Y llue Value/ L a b

Chroma

Sky Blue Turquoise Blue Peacock Blue Azure Blue Oxford Rlue

Navy Blue Aircran Blue French Blue Traflic Blue Oriental Blue

Phirozi Satin Blue Eau-dc-Nil Sea Green Grass Grecn

Sage Green Olive Grecn Biillianl Grecn Light Bronze Grcen Middle Bronze Green

Dcep Bron~c Green Light Brunswick Green Middle Brunswick Grcen Dcep Brunswick Green Traffic Green

Opaline Green Lincoln Grecn Cypress Grcen Light Olive Green Steel Furniture Groen

Table 1 - Continued

SI No.

p-~~

Indian Name of Colour Chromaticity Approximnte Luminance Vnlue Slan- Shade Coordinates hlunsell Vnlue dard

Colour *--

(ISC) X Y l l u c Vnluel L a b

No. Chromn

Green 284 India Green

294 Scamic 298 Olive Drab 299 BUS Green 309 Canary Yellow 352 I'aic Cream

353 Deep Crcam 354 Primrose 355 Lemon 356 Golden Yellow 358 Light Buff

359 Middlc Buff 360 Deeo Buff 0.423 0.3871 72YR 5.71543 57.63 15.37 2915 . ~ ~~ ~. 361 ~ l g i t Stone 0.3894 0.3836 IO.0YR 6,761426 68.27 8.37 26.15 362 MiddleStone 0.4176 0.3933 90YR 5.3514.84 54.19 11.64 28.41 363 Dark Sfone 0.4119 0.3865 84YR 5.114.4 51.75 11.62 24.96

Portland Stone 0.3627 0.3807 Vellum 0.3553 0.3721 Traflic Yellow 0.4928 0.3998 I.iglr Straw 01702 0.381 1 Liglll Biscuit 0.3866 0.395

C!lampagne 0.3847 0.3839 Sullsllinc 03735 0.3822 Ueigc 0.3771 0.3783 Jasmine Yellotv 0.4177 0.4305 Liglll Brown 0.4184 0.384

Middle Brown 0.4018 0.3678 Dark Rrown 0.3646 0.3426 Nut Brown 0.3425 0.3412 Gulden Drown 0.4413 0.38 India Brown 0.3954 0.3565

Orange Brown 0.4272 0.3512 Light Salmon Pink 0.3939 0.3799

B L U E 1 0 0 -

No. 102 Turquoise Blue No. 166 French Blue

L1 No 169 Trafflc Blue

YELLOW, CREAM AND BUFF 300-

ma No 330 Traflc Yellow

No. 360 Deep Buff

NO 361 Llght Stone

NO. 356 Golden Yellow

NO 362 Mlddle Stone

. No 363 Dark Stone No 387 Sunsh~ne

1 NO. 397 Jasmlne Yellow

BROWN AND PINK 400 -

No. 449 Light Purple Brown

RED AND ORANGE 500 -

I

No. 538 Fire Red No. 557 Lloht C

NO. 537 Sianal Red No. 570 Traffic Red

No. 574 India Saffmn

NO. 541 Mamon NO. 592 International Orange

ANNEX B

(Fore word)

COMMITTEE COMPOSITION

Paints, Varnishes and Related Products Sectional Committee, CllD 20

Orgonirofionr Represenlalive($

In personal capacily, ( I 4 Orion. Oomer Park Sltul RAVI MARPHATIA (Clooi~man) Ilhalobbrri Ursai Root/. hlumboi 400026)

Akzo N o k I Coalitlgs India Pvl Lld, Uangalorc Sllul DEEPAK VERMA Asian Painls Lid. Munlbai I)n K. I). KHANOI.KAR

I)R H. I? MAI.IK (,lllernule) Berger Paints India Lld. Ilowrah SHKI U. UERA

Sllnl N. K. Riw(Al1ernole) Bharal I lruvy Elcclricals l id. Tiruchirapalli SIIRI M. SOMU

SIIKI I.. UKAGORI (Allemole) Central Building Icesearch Inslitule, Roorkce Un L. K. AGARWAL

UIL K. K. ASTIIANA (Allcmfiaru) Central Public Works Drpartmenl, New Dellli Sltul V~JAY MOTWANI

Sllnl R. K. KANOJIA (Allentule) Clarianl Chemicals (India) I.ld, New I)cllii SIIRI ASITRAY Consumer Unity X TU~SI Sociely (CUTS). Sltnl I<. K. SIIARMA

Jaipur Stal VIJAY SINGII ( A I l ~ r n o l ~ ) Directorate of Naval Architecture. New I)clhi REI'RESENTATIVE Engineers India l.imilcd, New Dcllii DK G SAHA

SMT NIVBDITA BIIATTACHARVA (Altcnmre)

Iudiaa ltislitule o f Chetnical Technology, Dm K. V. S. N. RAIU l lydcrabad

Indian lnslitule ofTechnology Bombay, Dn A. S. KIIANNA Munlbai

Irtdian l'ainls Associalion. Kolkala DR M . B. GUIIA SIIRI M. NATU (Allernale)

Kanrai Nerolac Paints Lld. Mumbai SIIKI S. V. PORWAL SIIRI A. V GAWIL (Allernare)

Kerala Minerals and Melals Ud. Kolkala SIK E. 1. ANTO Maruti lidyog l.ld. (iurgaon SIIRI '1'. K. UANERIEE Ministry o f I)cLncc (I)(iQA). Kanpur D K A K. MIIKIIOI~ADIIVAY

Sl l l l l V. N. SOHANI (Allernale) Ministry o f Industry, New Ucllii SIIKI 1' K. JAIN

SIIIII N. C.'I.IWARI (ANrrnole) Nalional Test Ilouse (ER). Kolkala DK SI!KIL KUMAK SAHA

SMI L. UEV SAKKAK (Allc~rnul~) Naval Maarials Kcsr;sch Luboralory. SIIKI U I I I I ~ ~ O K A KUMAR

Amkrnath Sllnl V R. MORE (AIIL.IIIYI~) Otfice o f lhc l)evelnprnenl Con,missioocr (SSI). Sllnt A. I(. JAIN

New Dulhi

Oil and N;tlaral Gar Corporation Lld. Mumb;ti REPKESENTA~VE I'aint and Conlilig Tecbtiologisls Association, DK I)EVENDM ACAKWAL

Kanpor SIIRI V N. D U ~ E Y (A11ernole) 111 personal csp;eily (I03 hi~.l,rkluAparl,~,nenl SIIKI S. S. ANAKAIKAR O,,, L)<III~ t i l ,~d;r ilforg, Mubd (li'rsl) Mzroiboi 40006.1)

PutGah Paint Colour and Wirnish Works. SIIRI ti. N. '~IWAKI

Kmpar Reliance Industries Lld. Mumbai ~II'KES11NTATIVE

I<escarcli Dmigns & Slandards Orga~iizalion. S~IKI H. K. MITRA 1.ocknolv Sltnt S. C. VERMA (Allernolr)

Resins 8; Plastics Linlitcd. Mumbai SIIKI M. C. CHOKSI SCiS India Pvt I.ld. Gurgaon SIIKI SLIDAKSIIAN SIIARMA

SHKI DIPJYOTI DANERJEE (Allern~lle) Sholimar Paints Ltd. Kolkata DK S. I(. MISRA

Sllnl A. K. Da (Al~crnole) Shriro~n Instilulc Ibr Industrial Rcscarcb. UK P. K. KAICKEK

Dclhi Sllnl A. I;. MAJUMDAK (ANrrnole) Tala Molon Li~nitcd. Ja~nshcdpur ~~EPRESENTATIVE

' b e Shipping Corporatinti of India Lid, Sttnl R. SOOD Mumbli SIIKI P V. SANDEEP (AIIPI~LII~)

U. I(. Paints laduslries, New Dclhi SIIRI V K. NAYYAR BlS Directoratc General SIIKI E. DEVENDAR, Scie~~lisl-l: &

Head (Cbe~i~ical) [Representing Direclor General (FJ-oJ;cio)]

Member Secrrrary Sitnl PAKTIIA S. MANUAL

Scieiilist-B (Clic~nical). HIS

Panel for Visual Examination of Shade Cards for Printing ofIS 5 CHD20: PI

Nalionnl Test I louse (ER), Kolkala DK SUNIL KUMAR SAHA (Convmer) SMT R. DEY SARKAR (Allernore)

~ ~ i . an I ' atlils ' Ltd. Mumboi llerger I'oislr India Lld. Iluwrnh ~ ; i l l sa i Ncrolnc I'aints Ltd. Mumbai Shi!limar Paints Ltd, Kolkntn SIIKI SWAPAN MITRA

f'uhlislicd by Durcau u f Indian Slandnrds, New Dell,i and Printed at The Gilngrs Prinling Cu. (.Id.. 9. Old Post Ollicc Sl . Knlkala 700 0111

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