Colors and dyes

Department of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutics) | Sagar savale

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Colors and dyes Mr. Sagar Kishor Savale

[Department of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutics)]

2015-016

[email protected]

1. Introduction

These are substances which are obtained form natural sources i. e. plant animals and

insects are known as natural colors and dyes

Dyes are the agents which are get absorb into on which it applied (fibers) and resist to

soap washing and sunlight

Colors are agent which only adsorb on surface and dose not resist to sunlight and soap.

2. History

colors and dyes are being by human being form immemorial time.

archeological wall paintings, and some references

Celity and maya cevilizations

Alizarin in 19th

centurey 1st

synthetic dye

But natural colors and dyes regain its position bz of free of side effect.

natural dyes and colors shows its application

• As paints

• As dye for fibrics

• In cosmetics

• In pharmaceuticals


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3. Importance of Colour

Red is hot and stimulates the adrenals. It drives toxins out of the body, but can also create

too much heat, causing headaches, inflammations, fevers, high blood pressure, hot

flashes, as well as anger.

Orange is warm, stimulates the gonads, has a cheering, inspiring effect that makes one

optimistic; Too much can cause slight frustration, and increased irritability. As well as

increasing your appetite.

Yellow is warm to hot. It stimulates the brain and the nerves, and inspires one to gain

knowledge and optimism. Used appropriately it can cause soothing results, and protect

against infection, poisons, and pollutants.

Green is refreshing and cool. produces calmness, has a restful effect on the eyes and is

neutral. It is an optimist color. Refreshes and cleanses the body, blood and mind.

Indigo is cool and has a calming effect on the nervous system. It can be a great comforter

for headaches, inflammation and fevers. Most importantly, is has the ability to minimize

and reduce heart palpitations.

Blue is cold and acidic. Dark and rich blue colors have been known to cure spinal

troubles, burns, and inflammatory problems. They has been used to reduce anxiety, panic

attacks and even hysteria.

Violet is a cool color, but also provides gentle heat to the body. It stimulates the immune

system, builds antibodies, and may be used as a germicide. Violet is a spiritual color in

that it inspires us to give, and have compassion for others.


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4. Importance of day for Colour

In esoteric traditions, colors are also associated with particular days of the week.

Sunday is the day of yellow and illumination.

Monday is the day of divine love, represented by the color pink.

Tuesday is the day for the color blue, symbolic of faith and the will of God.

Wednesday is green for healing and truth.

Thursday has tow colors: purple and gold. Both of these colors are symbolic of service to

others.

Friday is white, denoting purity.

Saturday is violet, symbolic of freedom and transmutation.

Colors and culture

• Red

China: Good luck, celebration, summoning

Cherokees: Success, triumph

India: Purity

South Africa: Color of mourning

Russia: Communism

Eastern: Worn by brides


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Western: Excitement, danger, love, passion, stop, Christmas (with green)

• Orange

Ireland: Religious (Protestants)

Western: Halloween (with black), creativity, autumn

• Yellow

China: Nourishing

Egypt: Color of mourning

Japan: Courage

India: Merchants

Western: Hope, hazards, coward

• Green

China: Green hats indicate a man's wife is cheating on him, exorcism

India: Islam

Ireland: Symbol of the entire country

Western: Spring, new birth, go, Saint Patrick's Day, Christmas (with red)

5. Plant Product is important to obtain the Colour Pigments They as follow.


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History

• cochineal dye was used by the Aztec and Maya peoples of Central and North America

• In some individual it may produces anaphylactic shock

Synonyms: cochineal extract", "carmine", "crimson lake", "natural red 4", "C.I. 75470", "E120"

Biological source: it is dried female insect of Doctylopius coccus or Coccus cocti F: coccidae.

Gs: Peru and Canary island.

Life cycle of cochineal insect

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aztec

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_civilization


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Morphology

Three pairs of legs and seven pairs of antena, the male insects having wings and female dose

not.

• During egg development stag insects are collected

• They are killed by water boiling or stove burning it gives purplish black colors and k/a

black grains.

• When they are killed by charcoal fumes or burning with sulphar it develops purplish

grey color k/a silver grains


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• The cochineal insects looks to be silvery white bz of presence of wax and fats

Chemical constituent

• 10% anthorquinone dye known as carminic acid which briliant purple water soluble

coloring matter.

• Others 10% fats and 2% waxes

• It should be free from E. coli and salmonellae

Uses

• Traditionally cochineal was used for colouring fibrics

• Pharmaceutically useful as coloring agent for liquids and solids

• It is safe for eye preparations Insoluble form use in ccosmetics


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Adultrants

It is moestly bemd with mineral matter

It is mixed with other insect which made same colors

It is detected by ash value and water insluble property

5.2 Annatto

History

• Indigenous to Caribbean, South American Indian cultures.

• It was probably not initially used as a food additive but for other reasons, such as body

painting, to ward off evil, and as an insect repellent

• The ancient Aztecs called it achiotl, and it was used for Mexican manuscript painting in

the sixteenth century.

• Central and South American natives use the seeds to make a body paint, and lipstick. For

this reason, the achiote is sometimes called the lipstick-tree.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_paint

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipstick


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Biologicale source: Annatto is produced from the reddish pulp which surrounds the seed of the

achiote (Bixa orellana L.)F: Bixaceae

• Seeds are obtained from small tree

• Fruit bears hair like projections which splits on maturity

• Seeds are dark scarlet red color,

• The color shows water and fixed oil solubility and thus it is ideal for food and dairy

coloring agent.


• Seeds shows 2.5% pf principle dye – bixin, a apocarotenoids

• Chemically bixin is methyl ester, which after removal of it forms nor-bixin which is basis

for annatto dye.

• Annatto dye- yellow color, stable at neutral and alkaline pH but ppt at Acidic pH.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulp

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bixa_orellana


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Uses

• As coloring agent

• A popular coloring agent for food and dairy products it employed as coloring and coating

material for solid and liquid dosage forms.

5.3 Saffron

History

• It is one of the old coloring agent used by great Romans and Greek peoples

• As coloring agent for glowing the skins

• Coloring agent to foods

• Name from Arabic word – ZAFFRON- yellow color.

Biologicale source

It is dried stigmas and top of the styles of crocus sativa F: iridaceae


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Collection

• It is cultivated through vegetative propagation-corms

• Planted in July /Aug collected in May.

• Flowers are collected in early morning and send to picking center –style and stigma

separated from other floral parts

• Dried over charcoal stove for 30-40 min. cooled and stored.


• It is no. of carotenoid pigment

• Fresh drug show presence of protocrocitin which on drying decomposes to crocin and

picrocrocin.

• It also shows presence of crocitin, safranal which on hydrolysis – gentiobiose and crocitin

• Essential oil – 34/ more component – terpenes, terpene alcohol and esters


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Uses

• In various system of medicine – as anticancer, antiarthritic, antihypertensive,

• Also useful as strong antioxidant.

• Useful as coloring agent for cosmetics, foods, drugs.

Colors and dyes

Health & Medicine

Transcript of Colors and dyes