Colorado Space Grant Consortium Gateway To Space ASEN / ASTR 2500 Class #2 Gateway To Space ASEN /...
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Colorado Space Grant ConsortiumColorado Space Grant Consortium
Gateway To SpaceASEN / ASTR 2500
Class #2
Gateway To SpaceASEN / ASTR 2500
Class #2
- Who is here for the first time?
- Who has class at 11:00 today?
- 1 Minute Report, use same number and put full name on them
- Attendance Sheet
- Next time BalloonSat Overview and HW 01 Due (Remember to follow naming guidelines on syllabus)
- Pictures
Today:Today:
SyllabusSyllabus
Syllabus:Syllabus:
Syllabus:Syllabus:
How to get How to get an Aan A
How to get an AHow to get an A::
“Everyone starts out with an A”
You have to try really hard to get anything lower than C-
Not in the business of giving bad grades…
…But you get the grade you earn
Please, Please, Don’t Cheat
How to get an AHow to get an A::
ASEN/ASTR 2500 Grades S06,F06,F07, & F08
0
5
10
15
20
25
40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 100
103
106
109
112
Raw Score
Fre
qu
ency
How to get an AHow to get an A::
Grades are based on a normal 100 point scale
There is no curve
Team project and participation are based on your team evaluation and instructor evaluation
Feedback will be slow
Grader – Jennifer McGraw
Helper - Kendra Kilbride
How to get an AHow to get an A::
Grade Breakdown- 30% Coursework
- Attendance (33)- 1 Minute Reports (~30)
- Homework (1-4,6) - Community service (1)
- 5% Homework 5- 10% Final Exam- 8% Team Proposal- 8% Team Presentations (3)- 10% Team Design Document (2 Revs)- 12% Team Project and Participation- 17% Final Team Report & Presentation
45% You 55% Team
- Everyone must do a community service activity- Everyone must do a community service activity
- Must be something you are not doing for any other - Must be something you are not doing for any other classclass
- Preferred if it is related to this class, your college - Preferred if it is related to this class, your college major, or your interest in spacemajor, or your interest in space
- Community service must be completed before last - Community service must be completed before last day of classday of class
- Form is on the class website and must be signed- Form is on the class website and must be signed
Community ServiceCommunity Service::
- Attendance will be taken (Signing for friends)- Attendance will be taken (Signing for friends)
- Coming in late… Coming in late…
- Communications via email and this class- Communications via email and this class
- Travel and sick- Travel and sick
MiscellaneousMiscellaneous::
- Mutual Respect “Shut up and be quiet”Mutual Respect “Shut up and be quiet”
- Clap and questionsClap and questions
- Office hours 10:45-11:45 T & Th or by appointmentOffice hours 10:45-11:45 T & Th or by appointment
- Where to Find Me…
- Notes – Take themNotes – Take them
- Book(s) for courseBook(s) for course
MiscellaneousMiscellaneous::
Book(s) for courseBook(s) for course
- Typical engineering book cost- Typical engineering book cost $100, $90, $80, $70 $100, $90, $80, $70
This Book…This Book…- $13.95 - $13.95 - Rocket Boys - Rocket Boys
Homer HickamHomer Hickam
Also…Set aside $25 for batteriesAlso…Set aside $25 for batteries
MiscellaneousMiscellaneous::
Book(s) for courseBook(s) for course
This Book…This Book…- $11.66 - $11.66 - Moondust – In search of the - Moondust – In search of the
men who fell to Earth men who fell to Earth Andrew SmithAndrew Smith
Also…Set aside $25 for batteriesAlso…Set aside $25 for batteries
MiscellaneousMiscellaneous::
1 Minute 1 Minute ReportReport
1 Minute Report1 Minute Report::
HomeworkHomework
HomeworkHomework::
Submit via email
- Subject should be in this format“HW XX Lastname Firstinitial”
- Send all items to [email protected]
- Get from Website
First Homework is…
WebsiteWebsite::
spacegrant.colorado.edu/space
Final WordFinal WordYou’ll Never…
Space GrantOpen House
August 27, 2009
5:30 PMDLC 1B70
Questions?Questions?
- How do you actually pronounce your name?- How do we determine our teams?- How big are teams?- How much work will we do outside the class per week?- What are we doing with the books?- Can I volunteer at Space Grant?- Can you be a faculty mentor?- Do you have to have previous experience?- Are there any tests or quizzes?- Do we find our own community service project?- What does RFP mean?- Which Star Wars movie should a I watch?
1 Minute Reports:1 Minute Reports:
- How do you actually pronounce your name?- How do we determine our teams?- How big are teams?- How much work will we do outside the class per week?- What are we doing with the books?- Can I volunteer at Space Grant?- Can you be a faculty mentor?- Do you have to have previous experience?- Are there any tests or quizzes?- Do we find our own community service project?- What does RFP mean?- Which Star Wars movie should a I watch?
1 Minute Reports:1 Minute Reports:
Colorado Space Grant ConsortiumColorado Space Grant Consortium
Spacecraft Overview
Class #2
Spacecraft Overview
Class #2
Questions?Questions?
- Say you wanted to put this into orbit…
Introduction:Introduction:
- What are the questions you need to answer to do this?
- What type of orbit would it need to be in?
- How much would it cost?
- How much would it weigh?
- How long would it take to get it to orbit?
- What would you have to worry about?
- How long would it work?
- How do you know it will work when it gets there? - What would you need?
Questions:Questions:
- Launch Vehicle
- Temperature Control System
- Communication System
- Command and Data System
- Structure and Mechanisms
- Power System
- Attitude System
- Software
- Propulsion System
- Cash
What Do You Need?What Do You Need?
- Schedule
- Budget
- Plan
- Testing
- Reliability
- Operators
- People, People, People
- Organization
Organization?Organization?
PowerComm
Project Management
Structures Thermal ADCS C&DH
MOPSGround Ops
Education Web Science Software
Systems Engineering
- Teamwork
- Radiation
- Temperature Extremes
- Vacuum of Space
- Atmospheric Drag
- Cleanliness
- Launch Loads
- Shock
- Power
- Mission Life
What To Worry About?What To Worry About?
- Autonomy
- Cash
- Pointing
- Schedule
- Weight
- The answers to these questions make up most spacecraft systems
- Today we’ll look at most of them
Answers:Answers:
Organization?Organization?
PowerComm
Project Management
Structures Thermal ADCS C&DH
MOPSGround Ops
Education Web Science Software
Systems Engineering
- Teamwork
1. Mission
2. Orbit Selection
3. Launch Vehicle
4. Everything else - Structures, Interfaces, and Mechanisms-
The Process:The Process:
- Do you want to take picture of Boulder every day?- At the same time?- As many times as possible per day?
- Pick orbit right up front
Different Types of Orbits- Polar Orbits- LEO- GEO- Different altitudes and inclinations- Sun Synchronous Orbits
- STK (Satellite Tool Kit)
Orbit Selection:Orbit Selection:
- Then pick launch vehicle based on your orbit needs
- Weight needs
- Cost needs
- Certain launch vehicles can’t go to all orbits
Launch Vehicle:Launch Vehicle:
- Your launch vehicle helps direct your structure design
- Volume, CG, and weight constraints
- Launch loads and shock issues associated with LV
- Interface constraints
- Vibration constraints
Structure:Structure:
Structure:Structure:
Structure:Structure:
Structure:Structure:
Structure:Structure:
Structure:Structure:
Structure:Structure:
- The whole purpose of the structure is to support the payload
- Then the other systems
- Composites- Honeycomb
- Aluminum- Plate- Isogrid
- Titanium
- Stainless Steel
Structure:Structure:
- In addition to structure you have mechanisms
- People are afraid of mechanisms
- Two types, deployment and payload support
- They usually are single point failures
- Hard to test on ground as they are used in space- Mast example (Special Programs, Balloon)- KC-135 Boom Video
Mechanisms:Mechanisms:
Mechanisms:Mechanisms:
- Deployment failures usually are mission ending
- Spacecraft design try to minimize mechanisms
- Deployment mechanisms are the biggest concern
- Pointing mechanisms are less of an issue
Mechanisms:Mechanisms:
- Think of it as an internet connection- Data rates are similar- Can only connect for 10 minutes (pass time)
- This can vary based on orbit
- Transmitter (TX)- Receiver (RX)- Antennas (TX, RX, and Ground)- Sometimes modems and TNC- TX are big power hogs but usually not on all the time
- Cell phone technology- IP technology
Communication:Communication:
- Attitude Determination and Control System
- Driving a car on a mountain pass at night without headlights and no tires
- Some determination can be done on ground
- Determination System- Star Trackers, Magnetometer, Sun Sensors - Booms
ADCS:ADCS:
+Zst
+Yst +Xst
- Controls Systems- Torque Rods, Momentum Wheel, Thrusters, gyros
- A lot of software and control laws
ADCS:ADCS:
ADCS:ADCS:
- There is high likelihood of power being the reason a satellite fails
- Miniature power plant
- Most spacecraft use less power than a 300 W light bulb
- Very complicated system
- Batteries
Power:Power:
- Solar cells
- Charging circuits
- Distribution system
- Control system
- Conversion system
Power:Power:
- Is limiting factor on long missions
- Station keeping
- Attitude Control
- Delta V burns (orbit maneuvers)
- Atmospheric Drag
- Different types- Mono-propellant- Bi-propellant- Cold Gas- Ion
Propulsion:Propulsion:
- Can make or break a system literally
- Three types of thermal control: Active, Passive, Do Nothing
- Active- Heaters, heat pipes, thermostats, cryogenics
- Passive- Radiators, insulation, surface finishes, conductive materials
- Do Nothing
- Usually a combination of first two
Thermal:Thermal:
Thermal:Thermal:
Thermal:Thermal:
- Command and Data Handling
- The brain of a satellite
- Is pretty dumb without software
- Basically a home computer but much smaller and less of a power hog
- Very difficult system, many unknowns and bugs
C&DH:C&DH:
- Consists of:- Motherboard or CPU- Firmware- Storage device or medium- Sub-nets or sub processors- Many sensors- Many interface boards
C&DH:C&DH:
- Programmers are worth weight in gold
- Days of Voyager spacecraft are over
- Today, satellites are very complex and so is the software
- Software is usually last thing done
- Last minute fixes are very dangerous
Software:Software:
- “Houston, we have a problem”
- MOPS is the command center of the satellite
- All human interaction occurs through this team
- Much coordination is required to properly operate satellite
- Failure modes determined FMEA
- Data storage and analysis
- All communication is done through MOPS
- Usually staffed 24/7
Mission Operations:Mission Operations:
- Management
- Systems Engineering
- Budgets
- Contracts
- Planners
- Manufacturers & Technicians
- Test Engineers
Other:Other:
Anatomy of a Satellite:Anatomy of a Satellite:
Anatomy of a Satellite:Anatomy of a Satellite:
Anatomy of a Satellite:Anatomy of a Satellite:
Anatomy of a Satellite:Anatomy of a Satellite:
Anatomy of a Satellite:Anatomy of a Satellite:
Anatomy of a Satellite:Anatomy of a Satellite:
Anatomy of a Satellite:Anatomy of a Satellite:
Anatomy of a Satellite:Anatomy of a Satellite:
Anatomy of a Satellite:Anatomy of a Satellite:
Anatomy of a Satellite:Anatomy of a Satellite:
Colorado Space Grant ConsortiumColorado Space Grant Consortium
Questions?Questions?
Colorado Space Grant ConsortiumColorado Space Grant Consortium
Picture TimePicture Time