Color. The visual response of the eye to reflected rays of light Element of floral design 3...
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Transcript of Color. The visual response of the eye to reflected rays of light Element of floral design 3...
Color The visual response of the eye to
reflected rays of light Element of floral design 3 dimensions of color
Hue Value Chroma
Hue The descriptive name of a color Pure color without black, white, or gray
added Defines a specific spot on the color
wheel There are 12 hues on the color wheel
Value The lightness or darkness of a hue Relative to the gray scale Achieved by the addition of black, white,
or gray Shade Tint Tone
Gray Scale A visual aid which represents the transitional graduations of value from white to black, encompassing all the varying degrees of gray
Shade A hue which has been darkened by the
addition of black Deeper in appearance Examples-
navy is a shade of blue burgundy is a shade of red
Tint A hue which has been lightened by the
addition of white Pastel in appearance Examples-
Light blue is a tint of blue Pink is a tint of red
Tone A hue which has been muted by the
addition of gray Dusty in appearance Examples-
wedge wood blue is a tone of blue mauve is a tone of red
Chroma The degree of strength, intensity,
saturation, or purity of a color A fully saturated hue is a color of the
highest chroma or intensity More pigment would make a color
brighter; less would make the color more dull
Intensity reflects the maximum amount of light
back to the viewer’s eye is not mixed with black, white, or gray
Saturation the measure of the intensity or
brightness of a color, describing the amount of light reflecting from it
The greater the saturation of color, the higher the chroma
Color wheel Diagrammatic representation of all the
hues in a color system presented in their proper spectral order.
Twelve hour color system which was developed by Louis Prang, an American Printer in 1876.
Primary colors Red, yellow, & blue, forming the basis of
the color wheel, from which all other colors are created
Spaced equidistantly apart on the color wheel
Cannot be created by mixing any other colors together
Secondary colors Orange, green, & violet The three hues resulting from the
blending of two primary colors Placed in between primary colors
Tertiary colors Six colors resulting from the blending of
a primary color and an adjacent secondary color on the color wheel, mixing primary and secondary colors
Red-orange, red-violet, blue-violet, blue-green, yellow-green, & yellow-orange
Mixing primary & secondary colors Primary color is always listed first with a
hyphen in the center of the word
Chromatic colors Colors derived from the visible spectrum characterized by the presence of both
hue and chroma all colors other than black, white or gray
Achromatic colors Neutral colors which lack hue, black, gray
and white. Do not appear on the color wheel They occur when light is absorbed or
reflected without displaying any spectral hue. Achromatic color harmony: a grouping of
colors without hue; white, black, and any values of gray.
Neutral colors: an achromatic color to which a small amount of hue has been added
Advancing (warm) colors-
Aggressive or warm Predominantly composed of red or
yellow Visually move forward toward the viewer
Warm colors Advancing colors, such as red, orange, yellow Association with fire and sunshine Energizing or stimulating effect on the viewer Active, cheery, evoking warm and happy feelings Dominating colors, look larger and advance Irritating if too much
Receding (cool) colors Predominantly composed of blues or
greens Visually pull back from the viewer Passive or cool
Cool Colors Receding colors Blues, green, and violets Generally associated with water or foliage,
cool things Have a calming effect on the viewer
Color harmony Groupings of specific hues and/or different
values of one hue Resulting in a pleasing or useful
combination Color harmonies may display different
values of the given hue and still be considered complementary color harmony. (example: peach and baby blue)
Achromatic/neutral colors can be included in any color harmony
Monochromatic color harmony
A grouping of different values of one hue May include achromatic colors An example would be blue and tints,
tones, shades of blue. Example: blue, navy, wedge wood blue,
and light blue
Analogous color harmony A grouping of 3 adjacent hues on the color
wheel No more than one primary color One color dominates Example – red-orange, orange, with red
dominating
Complementary color harmony
A pair of hues directly opposite each other on the color wheel
Examples: red & green, violet & yellow, or blue & orange
Split complementary color harmony
A trio of hues, consisting of a hue and the two hues on either side of its direct complement
Example - violet, yellow-orange, & yellow-green
Triadic color harmony A grouping of three hues which are
equidistant on the color wheel Example - primary colors; red, blue &
yellow Tints of primaries-pink, baby blue, & soft
yellow
Tetradic color harmony-
A grouping of four hues which are equidistant on the color wheel
A double-complement