Colonialism for ESL

8/20/2019 Colonialism for ESL

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SOCIAL JUSTICE STUDIES: INTRODUCT TO COLONIALISM AND IMPERIALISM

T. Kathy

Center for International Studies at Huey Deng High School（慧燈中學國際交流中!

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COLONIALISM CONTENTS

• Colonialism vs. Im!"ialism• Ty!s o# Coloni!s

• A$! o# Dis%ov!"y

• E&!%ts

• Tim!lin!

• J'sti(%ations

• D!%oloni)ation

• Tai*an


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COLONIALISM "#$%

• Th! "a%ti%! + &' , o# imlantin$ settlements+ (territory + *+ - ,-./ ,

• Th! s'o"t in on! %o'nt"y %ont"ollin$ anoth!" !

• Colonialism in its mo!"n #o"m ("st /!$an to ta0! a/o't 122 y!a"s a$o- an it %han$! th! !%onomi

"!ality o# th! *o"l #o"!v!". 3o" on! thin$- it h!l!$!t "i%h on trade + 交2 - 34 , o# cash crops + 5

• Th! #o'nations + 9: - :; , o# #"!!4ma"0!t +


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IMPERIALISM B國EB國$%

• Th! i!a "ivin$ + FG , th!"a%ti%! o# %olonialism.

• Th! A$! o# Im!"ialism B國$


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T5PES JK O3 COLONIES 6: SETTLER COLONIA

• Settler + L) - LMN ,

S!ttl!" %olonialism has large-scale + OPQR , imm+ L# ,- o#t!n motivat!+ T ,/y "!li$io's- oliti%al- o!%onomi% "!asons.

E7aml!: N!a"ly th! !nti"! o'lation o# Taian is th

o# s!ttl!" %olonialism. 8Tai*an!s! !ol!8- ma! o't !s%!nants o# s!ttl!" %olonialists *ho mi$"at! to Ta#"om 3'9ian "ovin%! o# mainlan China in th! 6th46;%!nt'"i!s.


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T5PES O3 COLONIES


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A>E O3 DISCO?ER5

• Mo!"n %olonialism sta"t! *ith th! A$!+ Dis%ov!"y + ,.

• Po"t'$al an Sain is%ov!"! @n!* lans +TNe $orld, a%"oss th! o%!ans an /'ilt t"aosts o" con%!ered la"$! !7t!nsions o# lan.

• Th! 6th %!nt'"y sa* th! %"!ation o# th! 3"!n%olonial empire + B國 ,an th! D't%h Emi"!-*!ll as th! En$lish ov!"s!as oss!ssions- *hi%lat!" /!%am! th! &ritish Empire. Th! Unit!Stat!s o# Am!"i%a $ain! ov!"s!as t!""ito"i!s

th! SanishBAm!"i%an a" - th! 8Am!"i%an@


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TE IMPACT O3 COLONIATION

• Slav!"y anS!"vit'!

• Dis!as!

• E'"o%!nt"i%?al'!s

Slav!"y• Ra%ism• Classism

Dis!as!• Ei• Lost

o'

E'"o%m


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IMPACTFE33ECT: SER?ITUDE + jjEj ,

• In th! 6th %!nt'"y- n!a"ly


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IMPACTFE33ECT: SLA?ER5

• A"o'n ()*+ A#"i%ans *!"! ta0!n to th! Ca"i//!an an No"thSo'th Am!"i%a as slav!s /y E'"o!an %oloni)!"s. O# thos! (,*million s'"viv! th! "!a! Mil! Passa$!. +vi!o,

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3NXC4Q_4JVghttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3NXC4Q_4JVg


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IMPACTFE33ECT: DISEASE

• En%o'nt!"s /!t*!!n !7lo"!"s an o'lations in th!*o"l o#t!n int"o'%! n!* is!as!s- *hi%h som!timlo%al epidemics + 流mp ,. 3o" !7aml!- smallpomeasles + E ,- malaria + vw ,- yello .e'ean oth!"s *!"! 'n0no*n in "!4 Col'm/'s Am!"i%a%!nt'"i!s- th! E'"o!ans ha !v!lo! hi$h !$"!!

imm!nity + {|E{}E~{ , to th!s! is!as!s- *hith! nativ! !ol! ha no tim! to /'il s'%h imm'nity

• Smallo7 decimated+ •€ ,th! nativ! o'lation o# 0illin$ a"o'n 2 o# ini$!no's A'st"alians in th! !o# H"itish %oloni)ation.


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IMPACTFE33ECT: EUROCENTRIS Th! a%t o# %oloni)in$ s"!a so%ial an oliti%al *!st!"n i!aso# a $!n!" an "a%ial hierarchy + ‚ƒ„ , to %oloni)!

a"!as. E'"o!an mal! a'tho"ity an #!mal! an non E'"o!anin.eriority + …R , *as legitimi/ed + G†‡ˆ , th"o'$hs%i!n%!.


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TE IN3ERIORIT5 O3 OMEN- AIERARC5

CRANIOLO>5

•

om!ns s0'lls *!"! small!" soth!y *!"! st'i!" than m!n

A3RICAN OMEN• Hiolo$ists- nat'"alist

anth"oolo$ists- an!thnolo$ists o# th! 6%!nt'"y #o" !7aml! that A#"i%an *om!ns

anatomy- an !s!%genitalia ‰Š"‹ - li0! /a/oons + ŒŒ , ma! E'"o!an *oms!perior + Ž ,


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IMPOSED ‘m TERRITORIAL *+ HOUNDAR’“” +CARTO>RAP5 –學 ,

Th! territorial 0o!ndaries imposed /yE'"o!an %oloni)!"s- li0! in %!nt"al A#"i%a anSo'th Asia- de1ed + —˜ , th! !7istin$/o'na"i!s o# nati'e + ^Š國 , !ol! that ha/!#o"! int!"a%t! littl! *ith on! anoth!".E'"o!an %oloni)!"s disregarded + ™š ,nativ! oliti%al an %'lt'"al animosities + ›œ ,- imposing !a%! 'on !ol! 'n!" th!i"milita"y %ont"ol. Nativ! o'lations *!"! o#t!nrelocated + žŸ , at th! ill + ¡¢ , o# th!%olonial administrators + £¤¥¦ ,.


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TIMELINE• (23)-(4+,: Period o. e"ploration and early E!ropean

coloni/ation o. the Ne $orld and some A.rican and Aterritories* Hi"th o# th! n!* m!"%antil! %ommoity !%onomy/y 5cash crops s'%h as s'$a"- to/a%%o- %o&!!- t!a- t!7til!s

• (+33 th! &ritish East India Company *as !sta/lish! an%ha"t!"! /y '!!n Eli)a/!th in th! #ollo*in$ y!a". ith th!!sta/lishm!nt o# trading posts in India- th! H"itish *!"! a/maintain st"!n$th "!lativ! to oth!"s !mi"!s s'%h as th! Po"t*ho al"!ay ha s!t ' t"ain$ osts in Inia

• (4,: H"itish #o'nation o# a %olony at Jam!sto*n.

• (+: Th! Hattl! o# Plass!y B th! /!$innin$ o# H"itish milita"ys'!"io"ity in Inia

• (66+: Con$o Con#!"!n%!. E'"o!ans %a"v! ' A#"i%a into sli%

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHGT5ivAk4chttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ge19CFdlQjEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HEl9E70SxUhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HEl9E70SxUhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HEl9E70SxUhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HEl9E70SxUhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ge19CFdlQjEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHGT5ivAk4c


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TIMELINE:6;61 ORLDAR 6

• A#t!" $$( + §¨©ªth! vi%to"io's Allies國 , ivi! ' th! >

%olonial !mi"! an th! Ottoman Emi"!th!ms!lv!s as LeagNations mandates

• Th!s! t!""ito"i!s *!into th"!! %lass!s a%ho* 'i%0ly it *as tthat th!y *o'l /! "independence + °

Its s!!n /y many as a *a" that'ts a halt to th! rampant+ ±² , territorial + *+ ,a%'isitiv!n!ss o# th!preceding + ³´R , 12 y!a"s.

E'"o!an nations a"! #o"%! to#a%! th! conse%!ences + µ¶ ,o# th!i" @$o//lin$ ' %oloni!s*h!n th!y 's! th! sam!principles + ·¸ ,a$ainst th!i"o*n n!i$h/o"s.

AR?IN


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AR?IN¹º6 UPA3RICA

At th! sta"t o# o"la" 6

?i!os:

S%"am/l! an H!"lin Con#!"!n%!

A H"i!#isto"y O# E'"o!an Coloni)ation in A#"i%a

H!#o"! o"l a" II vol.64 o"l

ivi! %olonial "'l! /y th! !st!"n Emi"!s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PvpDuNIBTKchttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pis5f085P3Mhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pis5f085P3Mhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pis5f085P3Mhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHCG3uTjBFEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHCG3uTjBFEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHCG3uTjBFEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHCG3uTjBFEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHCG3uTjBFEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHCG3uTjBFEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pis5f085P3Mhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pis5f085P3Mhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pis5f085P3Mhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PvpDuNIBTKc


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TIMELINE:6;G; ORLDAR <

• The colonial system ma8or ca!se 9 T» : o.the Second $orld $a

• Th! *a" in th! Pa%i(% *a/y Jaan!s! im!"ialismto %on'!" th! !mi"!s th! H"itish- 3"!n%h- D't%Unit! Stat!s.

• Th! *a" in E'"o! an N*as %a's! a"tially /y an Italys im!"ialism t%on'!" H"itish- 3"!n%h aR'ssian %olonial !mi"!sa"!as.

$orld $ar II + §¼©ª“O« ,/!$ins-involvin$ n!a"ly th!!nti"! *o"l. Not onlya"! th!"! o)!ns o#

sit!s in *hi%h /attl!so%%'"- /'t !ol! #"omth! %oloni!s ($ht #o"th! ma9o" o*!"s4in%l'in$ Tai*an.


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TIMELINE

• (32: InianFPa0istani in!!n!n%!. Th!/!$innin$ o# th! !%lin! in th! H"itish !m

• (34,-(34;: Most H"itish %oloni!s in A#"i%ath! Ca"i//!an /!%om! #"!! nations- $!n!"!a%!#'lly. Ni$!"ia- U$ana- Tan)ania- >ha

Jamai%a- T"inia To/a$o a"! som! o# th!most imo"tant on this list.

• (33: on$ Kon$ /!%om!s in!!n!nt #"En$lan- an is "!t'"n! to China.


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JUSTI3ICATIONS + ½R¤=E¾O3 E=PANSION

6. Kilin$s hit! MansH'"!n


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KIPLIN>S @ITE MANS HURDE

A poem justifying ( ½R¤=E¾¿ )

imperialism as a noble ( ÀÁR ) enterprise.(1899)

Take up the White Man's burden, Send forth the best ye breed Go bind your sons to exile, to serve your aptives' need!To "ait in heavy harness, #n $uttered folk and "ild%

&our ne"aught, sullen peoples, (alfdevil and halfhild)

Take up the White Man's burden, *n patiene to abide, To veil the threat of terror +nd hek the sho" of pride!y open speeh and si-ple, +n hundred ti-es -ade plain To seek another's pro.t, +nd "ork another's gain)


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MANI3EST DESTIN5

A widely held belief in the United States th

American settlers were destined to expanthroughout the continent. An idea, not poli

A time period associated with the territorial

expansion of the United States from 18121860. his era, from the end of the !ar of 18

the beginning of the American #i$il !ar.


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TERRA NULLIUS QEMPT5 LAND

(%atin e&pression which stems from 'o

law meaning empty land). ritishimperialism often used this concept.

*&ample+ he country of Australia thro

ritish settlements (coloniation), used

nullius to steal land its Aboriginal inhab


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ORIENTALISM4 TE EST PATRONIIN> TE EA

The West developed an imaginative geography of the Eastthat relied on an essentializing the social reality of the East.

This idea of place-based identities creates a difference anddistance between "we" the West and "them" the East, or"here" in the West and "there" in the East.

$EST EAST

Us4 S'!"io" ÂÃR Th!m4 In#!"io" …

"ational ¤ÄR I""ational Å¤ÄR

P"o$"!ssiv! ÆÇR /a%0*a" ÈÉR


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EN?IRONMENTAL DETERMINISM

-t was belie$ed that a certain persons beha$iors were determined b

environment in which they li$ed and thus $alidated their domination

or e&ample, people li$ing in tropical en$ironments were seen as /le

ci$ilied/ therefore justifying colonial control as a ci$iliing mission.

-f the world was split into climatic ones+

orthern !urope 0 hard woring, moral and upstanding human be

"he #editerranean climate 0 lay attitude, se&ually promiscuous c

well a moral degeneracy.

Sub$Saharan Africa% S! Asia 0 childlie s ecies that needed uida


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DECOLONIATION Ê"#WËE（"#W!


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DE4COLONIATION

On%! in!!n!n%! #"om E'"o!an %ont"ol *as a%hi!ar Ð« !"'t! in som! #o"m!" %oloni!s- as nativ!

o'lations #o'$ht to $ain t!""ito"y #o" th!i" o*n !th%'lt'"al o" oliti%al $"o'.E7aml!: Th! Pa"tition o# Inia- a 6;1 %ivil *a" thata#t!" Inias in!!n!n%! #"om H"itain- /!%am! a %o22-222 0ill!.

Ev!nt'ally- th! E'"o!an o*!"s"!ss'"! /y th! Stat!s"!si$n! th!ms!lv!s to !%oloni)ation.6;< th! Unit! Nations s!t ' a S!%ial Committ!!D!%oloni)ation- o#t!n %all! th! Committ!! o#


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MAR=IST ÑÒÓ$% ?IE ONCOLONIALISM

Ma"7ism s!!s %olonialism as a #o"m o#capitalism + @A$% ,- !n#o"%in$e"ploitation+ ÔÕ , an so%ial %han$!tho'$ht that *o"0in$ *ithin th! $lo/al

%aitalist syst!m- %olonialism is %los!lyasso%iat! *ith 'n!v!n !v!lom!nt/!%a's! %oloni!s a"! %onst"'%t! into!7loitiv! mo!s o# prod!ction + ŠÖmassiv! ov!"ty an so%io4sy%holo$i%

tra!ma


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TAIAN AND COLONIATION

H!t*!!n 6;46;1 Tai*an *as %ont"oll! /y Jaan +Jaano%%'ation,. It *as a"t o# Jaans lan to !7an its Emi"th"o'$ho't SE Asia. As Jaans ("st %olony- th! Emi"! t"i!t'"n Tai*an into a @model Q. %olony an ma! manyim"ov!m!nts an '/li% *o"0s- li0! '"/an !v!lom!nt- th/annin$ o# #oot /inin$ an sanitation. Jaan also int"o'%!/as!/all an th! %in!ma.

Jaans a"oa%h to Tai*an ha < oosin$ vi!*s:6. 3"om a /iolo$i%al !"s!%tiv!- nativ!s %o'l not /!

%oml!t!ly assimilated + ØÙ ,an so n!!! to /! "'l!i&!"!nt "'l!s.


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TAIAN AND COLONIATION:INTE>RATION AND AR

H!t*!!n 6;64 6;G th! Jaan!s! t"i! to assimilat! +, Tai*'sin$ Jaan!s! lan$'a$! an !'%ation. P'/li% oinion in T!man! !mo%"a%y in 6;G1 an Jaan %on%!! +,.

Th! lat! 6;G2s sa* a "is! in Jaan!s! milita"ism+, an !7 Tai*an!s! "!so'"%!s #o" th!i" *a" !&o"t. In th! !a"ly 6;12sass! #o" Tai*an!s! to %han$! th!i" nam!s to Jaan!s! an

Tai*an!s! *!"! !n%o'"a$! to 9oin th! *a" +($htin$ #o" Ja


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TAIANS CONTRO?ERSIALPOLITICAL STATUS

A#t!" 2 y!a"s o# %olonial "'l!- Jaan#o"mally s'""!n!"! to th! Alli!s on A'$'st 6;1. On A'$'st


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JAPANESE ARCITECTURE IN TAI

6. Th! P"!si!ntial O%!'!st o's!G. Tainan T"ain station1. Tai*an To/a%%o an Li'o" Co".. National Tai*an M's!'m. Th! J'i%ial O%! H'ilin$. Hl'! o's! +5ilan,

. 5ilans M!mo"ial all

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