•Colonial StyleColonial Style

•Early Early NationalNational and Romantic Style and Romantic Style

•Victorian StyleVictorian Style

•Period StylePeriod Style

•Modern StyleModern Style

•Postmodern StylePostmodern Style

Colonial Styles

Early Spanish, French, English Georgian Federal (Adam)

Early Spanish, French, Early Spanish, French, EnglishEnglish• IDENTIFYING FEATURES:IDENTIFYING FEATURES:

• with central chimney, casement with central chimney, casement windows, steeply-pitched roof, and windows, steeply-pitched roof, and second story overhang . Other late second story overhang . Other late Medieval features include hall and parlor Medieval features include hall and parlor floor plan (bilateral symmetry) and floor plan (bilateral symmetry) and central chimney. Choir lofts were often central chimney. Choir lofts were often built facing outdoors for purposes of built facing outdoors for purposes of outdoor processions.outdoor processions.

Georgian StyleGeorgian Style

• IDENTIFYING FEATURESIDENTIFYING FEATURES::

• Renaissance-inspired classical Renaissance-inspired classical symmetry, two rooms deep, two symmetry, two rooms deep, two rooms high (Four over Four plan), rooms high (Four over Four plan), central or end chimneys, classical central or end chimneys, classical detailing, transom lights, pilasters detailing, transom lights, pilasters around door. Hipped roof (British around door. Hipped roof (British Georgian), or side-gable roof Georgian), or side-gable roof (American Georgian). (American Georgian).

Federal (Adam)Federal (Adam)

•IDENTIFYING FEATURES:IDENTIFYING FEATURES: • Fan light over door (almost always Fan light over door (almost always

rounded, rarely squared), sidelights, rounded, rarely squared), sidelights, classical/Greek detailing of entryway, classical/Greek detailing of entryway, Palladian windows, balustrades, Palladian windows, balustrades, oval/circular rooms in some high style oval/circular rooms in some high style examples. Symmetrical as Georgian style. examples. Symmetrical as Georgian style. Windows: double-hung sash windows for Windows: double-hung sash windows for first time (Georgian also). first time (Georgian also).

Back to the top

Early Nationaland

Romantic Styles

Greek Revival Gothic Revival Italianate

Early National and Romantic Early National and Romantic StylesStyles

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES: IDENTIFYING FEATURES:

• Gable or hipped, low-pitch roof; dentil Gable or hipped, low-pitch roof; dentil cornice emphasized with wide band of cornice emphasized with wide band of trim -- cornice represents classical trim -- cornice represents classical entablature ; porches: square or rounded entablature ; porches: square or rounded columns , first style to use gable-front columns , first style to use gable-front floor plan , temple-front entryway with floor plan , temple-front entryway with entry door surrounded by rectangular entry door surrounded by rectangular transom and sidelights . transom and sidelights .

Gothic RevivalGothic Revival

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES:IDENTIFYING FEATURES:

• Steeply pitched roof, cross-gabled, Steeply pitched roof, cross-gabled, decorated verge boards, pointed-decorated verge boards, pointed-arch windows, sometimes stained arch windows, sometimes stained glass, like churches. Gothic window glass, like churches. Gothic window above entry, one-story porch with above entry, one-story porch with flattened, Gothic arches. flattened, Gothic arches.

Italianate Italianate

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES: IDENTIFYING FEATURES: • 2 or 3 stories, rarely 1 story; low-pitched 2 or 3 stories, rarely 1 story; low-pitched

roof, widely overhanging eaves; large, roof, widely overhanging eaves; large, decorative brackets beneath eaves; tall, decorative brackets beneath eaves; tall, narrow windows (most often on commercial narrow windows (most often on commercial buildings), commonly arched or curved buildings), commonly arched or curved above; some with square cupola or tower above; some with square cupola or tower (campanile), elaborate wrap-around porch (campanile), elaborate wrap-around porch (or smaller entry porch) with decorative (or smaller entry porch) with decorative Italianate double columns and other details. Italianate double columns and other details.

back to the top

Victorian Styles

Second Empire

Romanesque Revival

Queen Anne

Folk Victorian

Second EmpireSecond Empire

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES:IDENTIFYING FEATURES: Basically Basically Italianate style/forms with Italianate style/forms with Mansard Mansard roof!!roof!! Dormer windows, sometimes a Dormer windows, sometimes a square (not round) tower, decorative square (not round) tower, decorative brackets, molded cornice, similar to brackets, molded cornice, similar to Italianate detail on windows, doors; Italianate detail on windows, doors; Floor plan often includes Floor plan often includes pavilionspavilions: : outward projection of a building's outward projection of a building's center or side. center or side.

Romanesque RevivalRomanesque Revival

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES:IDENTIFYING FEATURES:

• Round arches over windows and/or Round arches over windows and/or entryways; thick, cavernous entryways; thick, cavernous entryways and window openings; entryways and window openings; thick masonry walls, rounded towers thick masonry walls, rounded towers with conical roof; facades are with conical roof; facades are asymmetrical; variable stone and asymmetrical; variable stone and brick façade. brick façade.

Queen AnneQueen Anne

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES:IDENTIFYING FEATURES: • Steeply pitched, irregular roof shapes; Steeply pitched, irregular roof shapes;

dominant, front-facing gable; patterned dominant, front-facing gable; patterned shingles, bay windows, shingles, bay windows, picturesquepicturesque massing , polychromatic and massing , polychromatic and decorative ornamentation; partial or decorative ornamentation; partial or full-width porches of one story; multiple full-width porches of one story; multiple gables and dormers; occasional towers gables and dormers; occasional towers and turrets, rounded or square. and turrets, rounded or square.

Folk VictorianFolk Victorian

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES: IDENTIFYING FEATURES:

• Porches with spindle work detailing, Porches with spindle work detailing, L-shaped or gable-front plan, cornice L-shaped or gable-front plan, cornice brackets, details often with Italianate brackets, details often with Italianate and/or Queen Anne inspiration, and/or Queen Anne inspiration, sometimes Gothic. sometimes Gothic.

Back to the top

PuebloRevival

Mission

SpanishRevival

ItalianRenaissance

Neoclassical

BeauxArts

TudorRevival

ColonialRevival

PeriodStyles

Colonial RevivalColonial Revival

• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND FEATURES: FEATURES: Initially inspired by the 1876 Initially inspired by the 1876 Philadelphia Centennial: new interest in Philadelphia Centennial: new interest in American colonial past. Architects studied American colonial past. Architects studied colonial styles throughout New England by colonial styles throughout New England by 1890s. A dominant style for domestic buildings 1890s. A dominant style for domestic buildings nationwide 1900-1940s. Georgian and Adam nationwide 1900-1940s. Georgian and Adam styles were the backbone of revival ideas, with styles were the backbone of revival ideas, with a secondary influence of Dutch Colonial (with a secondary influence of Dutch Colonial (with Gambrel roof). The colonial revival style is Gambrel roof). The colonial revival style is sometimes referred to as sometimes referred to as neo-Georgianneo-Georgian, due to , due to its striking resemblance to the earlier Georgian its striking resemblance to the earlier Georgian and federal styles.and federal styles.

Tudor RevivalTudor Revival

• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND FEATURES:HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND FEATURES: • Tudor revival became especially popular with Tudor revival became especially popular with

1920s suburban homes, loosely based on late 1920s suburban homes, loosely based on late medieval prototypes. Many are identified with medieval prototypes. Many are identified with false (ornamental) false (ornamental) half-timberinghalf-timbering, a medieval , a medieval English building tradition, often with stucco or English building tradition, often with stucco or masonry veneered walls, steeply pitched roof, masonry veneered walls, steeply pitched roof, cross-gabled plans. A variety of this is sometimes cross-gabled plans. A variety of this is sometimes referred to as the referred to as the picturesque cottagepicturesque cottage or or English English cottagecottage, which typically includes a picturesque , which typically includes a picturesque (asymmetrical) floor plan but without the half (asymmetrical) floor plan but without the half timbering .timbering .

Beaux ArtsBeaux Arts

• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND FEATURES:HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND FEATURES: • Beaux-Arts style was advocated by Americans Beaux-Arts style was advocated by Americans

who studied at the Ecole. The style emphasizewho studied at the Ecole. The style emphasized classical forms and styles, elaborate detailind classical forms and styles, elaborate detailing, massive plans, heavy masonry. Mostly used fg, massive plans, heavy masonry. Mostly used for grand public and institutional buildings, anor grand public and institutional buildings, and the private homes of America's industrial bard the private homes of America's industrial barons. The primary inspiration for this style was ons. The primary inspiration for this style was Chicago's Chicago's Columbian ExpositionColumbian Exposition in 1893. in 1893.

NeoclassicalNeoclassical

• Historical Background and Features:Historical Background and Features:• Neoclassical became a dominant style for Neoclassical became a dominant style for

domestic buildings nationwide between domestic buildings nationwide between 1900-1940s. It was directly inspired by the 1900-1940s. It was directly inspired by the Beaux-Arts style and the Columbian Beaux-Arts style and the Columbian Exposition: classical symmetry, full-height Exposition: classical symmetry, full-height porch with columns and temple front; porch with columns and temple front; classical ornament. Basically, this is the classical ornament. Basically, this is the revival of the Greek Revival style.revival of the Greek Revival style.

Italian RenaissanceItalian Renaissance

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES: IDENTIFYING FEATURES: Usually identified with a low-pitched, hipped Usually identified with a low-pitched, hipped roof, often with ceramic tiles and sometimes roof, often with ceramic tiles and sometimes flat, hinting at its Mediterranean source region; flat, hinting at its Mediterranean source region; wide, overhanging eaves with large brackets wide, overhanging eaves with large brackets under the roofline; arched doors and windows, under the roofline; arched doors and windows, primarily on the first floor; Italian-style primarily on the first floor; Italian-style entryway, often with classical columns; facade entryway, often with classical columns; facade usually symmetrical, but occasionally found in usually symmetrical, but occasionally found in asymmetrical or picturesque floor plans. asymmetrical or picturesque floor plans.

Spanish RevivalSpanish Revival

• Historical Background and Features:Historical Background and Features:

• Spanish revival was inspired by the architecture Spanish revival was inspired by the architecture of Spain and Latin America, emphasizing their of Spain and Latin America, emphasizing their rich stylistic details. Due to the early influence rich stylistic details. Due to the early influence of New Spain in the Southwest and Southeast, of New Spain in the Southwest and Southeast, the style is rare outside the Southwest, Texas the style is rare outside the Southwest, Texas and Florida. Includes low-pitched roof; little or and Florida. Includes low-pitched roof; little or no eave overhang; red-tiled roof; prominent no eave overhang; red-tiled roof; prominent arch over door or window or porch; stucco wall arch over door or window or porch; stucco wall surface; usually asymmetrical façade. surface; usually asymmetrical façade.

MissionMission

• Historical Background and Features:Historical Background and Features:• The Mission style originated in southern California The Mission style originated in southern California

and was the first style to diffuse eastward and was the first style to diffuse eastward fromfrom the the West. The style was considered the "California West. The style was considered the "California counterpart" to the Georgian-inspired Colonial Revival counterpart" to the Georgian-inspired Colonial Revival popular in Northeast. Most famously, the style was popular in Northeast. Most famously, the style was adopted by both the Southern Pacific and Santa Fe adopted by both the Southern Pacific and Santa Fe Railways for train stations, resort hotels, and other rail Railways for train stations, resort hotels, and other rail corridor buildings, essentially as an effort to "theme" corridor buildings, essentially as an effort to "theme" the Southwest for eastern travelers. The style includes the Southwest for eastern travelers. The style includes Mission-shaped dormers and/or roof parapet; wide, Mission-shaped dormers and/or roof parapet; wide, overhanging eaves, exposed rafters, red-tiled roof, overhanging eaves, exposed rafters, red-tiled roof, stucco walls, arched windows/doors on ground level. stucco walls, arched windows/doors on ground level.

Pueblo RevivalPueblo Revival

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES:IDENTIFYING FEATURES:• Features include flat roof with parapeted Features include flat roof with parapeted

wall, irregular/rounded edges to walls, stwall, irregular/rounded edges to walls, stucco surface, often vigas (round roof beaucco surface, often vigas (round roof beams) extending through walls to the exterms) extending through walls to the exterior. ior.

Back to the top

Modern Styles

Craftsman\Bungalow

Prairie

Art Deco\Art Modern

International

Modern Houses

Craftsman/BungalowCraftsman/Bungalow

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES:IDENTIFYING FEATURES: • Low-pitched, gabled roof, wide overhang of Low-pitched, gabled roof, wide overhang of

eaves, exposed rafters under eaves, eaves, exposed rafters under eaves, decorative brackets under gables; incised decorative brackets under gables; incised porch ; tapered, square columns supporting porch ; tapered, square columns supporting roof; 4-over-1 or 6-over-1 sash windows, roof; 4-over-1 or 6-over-1 sash windows, often with Frank Lloyd Wright design motifs; often with Frank Lloyd Wright design motifs; hand- crafted stone or woodwork, often hand- crafted stone or woodwork, often mixed materials throughout structure. mixed materials throughout structure. Bungalows can either be front-gabled or Bungalows can either be front-gabled or side-gabled.side-gabled.

PrairiePrairie

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES:IDENTIFYING FEATURES:

• Focused specifically on mid western Focused specifically on mid western regionalism, with its horizontal, open regionalism, with its horizontal, open floor plans representing the floor plans representing the expansive prairie region. expansive prairie region.

Art Deco/Art ModerneArt Deco/Art Moderne

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES:IDENTIFYING FEATURES:

• (1) ART DECO: Smooth wall surface, often (1) ART DECO: Smooth wall surface, often stucco; smooth-faced stone and metal, often stucco; smooth-faced stone and metal, often with vivid colors; forms simplified and with vivid colors; forms simplified and streamlined; geometric designs including streamlined; geometric designs including zigzags, chevrons; towers and other vertical zigzags, chevrons; towers and other vertical projections, presenting a vertical emphasis; projections, presenting a vertical emphasis; machined and often metallic construction machined and often metallic construction materials for decorative features. materials for decorative features.

(2) ART MODERNE: Smooth, rounded wall (2) ART MODERNE: Smooth, rounded wall surfaces, often stucco; flat roof with surfaces, often stucco; flat roof with small ledge at roofline; horizontal small ledge at roofline; horizontal grooves or lines in walls; asymmetrical grooves or lines in walls; asymmetrical façade; casement/corner windows or façade; casement/corner windows or other horizontally arranged windows; other horizontally arranged windows; metal balustrades; glass-block metal balustrades; glass-block windows, often curved. Unlike Art windows, often curved. Unlike Art Deco, an emphasis on the Deco, an emphasis on the horizontalhorizontal. .

InternationalInternational

• IDENTIFYING FEATURES:IDENTIFYING FEATURES:• Modern structural principles and materials; Modern structural principles and materials;

Concrete, glass, steel the most common; Concrete, glass, steel the most common; occasionally reveals skeleton-frame construction, occasionally reveals skeleton-frame construction, exposing its structure; rejected non-essential exposing its structure; rejected non-essential decoration; ribbon windows, corner windows a decoration; ribbon windows, corner windows a hallmark of the style; bands of glass as important hallmark of the style; bands of glass as important as bands of "curtain wall"; balance and regularity as bands of "curtain wall"; balance and regularity admired and fostered; flat roof, without ledge. admired and fostered; flat roof, without ledge. Often with thin, metal mullions and smooth Often with thin, metal mullions and smooth spandrel panels separating large, single-pane spandrel panels separating large, single-pane windows. windows.

Modern housesModern houses

• BACKGROUND AND INSPIRATION: BACKGROUND AND INSPIRATION: Modern houses included the California ranch, Modern houses included the California ranch,

raised ranch, split-level, and "sea ranch" raised ranch, split-level, and "sea ranch" after the 1950s. Similar to international after the 1950s. Similar to international style, these houses really don't include much style, these houses really don't include much "style" at all -- they are designed to look to "style" at all -- they are designed to look to the future, not the past for their inspiration. the future, not the past for their inspiration. By the 1980s architects and developers were By the 1980s architects and developers were beginning to move away from modern forms, beginning to move away from modern forms, favoring instead a revived interest in past favoring instead a revived interest in past styles and ornamentation -- the postmodern styles and ornamentation -- the postmodern era had begun. era had begun.

Back to the top

Residential

Commercial

PostmodernStyles

ResidentialResidential

• BACKGROUND AND INSPIRATION:BACKGROUND AND INSPIRATION:

• The postmodern era is most associated with The postmodern era is most associated with architecture appearing since the late 1970s, architecture appearing since the late 1970s, continuing through today. Postmodernism is continuing through today. Postmodernism is basically an allusion to the past, with basically an allusion to the past, with multiple associations and meanings. It is a multiple associations and meanings. It is a rejection of modernist thought, a return to rejection of modernist thought, a return to traditional, historical precedents, a re-traditional, historical precedents, a re-awakened interest in history and heritage. awakened interest in history and heritage.

CommercialCommercial

• BACKGROUND AND INSPIRATION: BACKGROUND AND INSPIRATION:

• Postmodernism is basically an allusion to the Postmodernism is basically an allusion to the past, with multiple associations and past, with multiple associations and meanings. It is a rejection of modernist meanings. It is a rejection of modernist thought, a return to traditional, historical thought, a return to traditional, historical precedents, a re-awakened interest in precedents, a re-awakened interest in history and heritage. Postmodernism history and heritage. Postmodernism coincides with both the historic preservation coincides with both the historic preservation movement and the movement and the new urbanismnew urbanism movement quite well. movement quite well.

That’s allThat’s all

Thanks for your Thanks for your attentionattention