Colloquium Talk University of Massachusetts, Lowell · Colloquium Talk: University of...
Transcript of Colloquium Talk University of Massachusetts, Lowell · Colloquium Talk: University of...
Colloquium Talk:University of Massachusetts, Lowell
CWINS
Wireless Access and Localization for Body Area Networks
Kaveh Pahlavan
March 9, 2011 ©KP
Project: Measurement and Modeling for BANs Faculty
– Kaveh Pahlavan– Sergey Makarov– Allan H. Levesque (research scientist) – Reza Zekavat (visiting professor)– Ning Yang (research scientist)– Kaveh Ghaboosi (Post Doc)
Students and Staff:– Yunxing Li, Fardad Askarzadeh (PhD)– Umair Khan, Ruijun Fu, Shen Li, Pranay Swary (MS)– Monir Islam (UG)
March 9, 2011
“the most profound technologies are those that disappear…they weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it”
Mark Weiser
Printer
Mouse
ScanneriBook
Devices and networks
PROGRAM
Morse Pad: 1834
iPhone: 2008
Telephone: 1867
Broadcast Radio: 1920
Broadcast TV: 1941
Computer: 1946
Modems: 1950
Cell Phone: 1972
Appliances
Security Devices
Personal Devices
VCR
WANs
LANs
Sensors and Adhoc Networks
iPad: 2010
©KP
Mbps1 10 1000,1
Out
door
Fixed
Walk
Vehicle
Indo
or
Fixed/Desktop
Walk
Mobility
WiFi OFDM/MIMO
User Bitrate, Datacom services
UWBOFDM/DSSS
Wide Area Network (WAN)- Data rates ~Mbps -Precision ~100 meters
WLAN-Metro-precision ~10s Mbps/10s of meters-Local-precision ~ 10sMbps/meters
WPAN-Bluetooth/ZigBee ~ 100sKbps/meters-UWB ~ Gbps/centimeters
Wireless networks: rate and precision
1000
Bluetooth/ZigBeeFHSS/DSSS
From science fiction to science
Enabling technologies: wireless access and locatization
March 9, 2011
A new realm: BAN
What are the bounds to wireless access and localization?
How the technology evolve?
Understanding of the channel is essential to determine the bounds
March 9, 2011
Which channel? What band?
10
What models for RSS?
Average received power
Shadow fading
Multipath fading
Distance in logarithmic scale
11
What models for movements?
What models for data rate?
12
1TR
0.1
rms
R
Tolerable ISI:
Inter Symbol Interference
(ISI)
Lower bandwidth for more reliable data:
Wider bandwidth more reliable localization
4/27/2009
The first path is not detectable by measurement system - Undetected Direct Path (UDP) [Pah98]
Measurement bandwidth is not wide enough to distinguish the first few paths from each other [Ala03]
Limitations on Bandwidth Undetected Direct Path
What to model for localization?
[Pah98] K. Pahlavan, P. Krishnamurthy and J. Beneat, “Wideband Radio Propagation Modeling for Indoor Geolocation Applications”, IEEE Communications Magazine, April 1998.[Ala03] B. Alavi and K. Pahlavan, “Bandwidth Effect on Distance Error Modeling for Indoor Geolocation,” 14th Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC’03), Beijing, China, September 7-10, 2003.
Measurement scenarios
March 9, 2011
March 9, 2011
Sample measurement results
Ferit Akgul and Yunxing Li
March 9, 2011
Effects of body movements
Ruijun Fu, Yunxing Li, Umair Khan
Measurement of Doppler spectrum
March 9, 2011 Ruijun Fu, Yunxing Li and Yi Wang
March 9, 2011
Measurement using a Phantom
Phantoms Phil and Hollow
March 9, 2011
Some localization issues
March 9, 2011
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50-130
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-30
delay(ns)
Pow
er(d
B)
free space experiment (antenna opposite dirction,2.0GHz~2.4GHz)
air to outsideinside water to outside
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50-110
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delay(ns)
Pow
er(d
B)
free space experiment (antenna same dirction,2.0GHz~2.4GHz)
air to outsideinside water to outside
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50-110
-100
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-50
-40
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delay(ns)
Pow
er(d
B)
Chamber experiment (antenna opposite dirction,2.0GHz~2.4GHz)
air to outsideinside water to outside
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50-130
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delay(ns)
Pow
er(d
B)
Chamber experiment (antenna same dirction,2.0GHz~2.4GHz)
air to outsideinside water to outside
Yunxing Li and Umair Khan
March 9, 2011
Simulation for body mounted devices
Ferit Akgul, Yunxing Li and Ruijun Fu
Simulation for inside body
March 9, 2011 Umair Khan, Monir Islam and Sergey Makarov
Scanning real people
March 9, 2011 Greg Noetscher and Sergey Makarov
Effects of human movements
March 9, 2011
Body permittivity
March 9, 20110 100 200 300 400 500 600
0
20
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TOA (ns)
Dis
tanc
e be
twee
n th
e Tx
and
Rx
(cm
)
Linear fitting to get the average permitivity of human body tissue
Measured data Lie fitting results
r()=1.40
Effects of non homogeneousity
March 9, 2011
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150-200
-150
-100
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0
50
100
150
200illustration of the calculation scenario (a cross section of human torso)
large intestinesmall intestinestomachright kidneyleft kidneygallbladderliver
FDTD simulations
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-1 0 1 2 3 4 50
0.1
0.2
0.3
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Sergey N. Makarov, Umair I. Khan, Md. Monirul Islam, Reinhold Ludwig, Kaveh Pahlavan “On Accuracy of Simple FDTD Models for the Simulation of Human Body Path Loss”, which is being presented at the 2011 IEEE Sensor Application Symposium, San Antonio, TX, February 22-24, 2011
Bounds on localization
March 9, 2011Yi Wang, Ruijun Fu, Yunxing Ye, Umair Khan, and Kaveh Pahlavan, “Performance Bounds for RF Positioning of Endoscopy Camera Capsules”, Proceedings of the IEEE Topical Conference on Wireless Sensors and Sensor Networks, Phoenix, AZ, 16-20 January 2011.
Localization bounds
March 9, 2011
Yi Wang, Ruijun Fu, Yunxing Ye, Umair Khan, and Kaveh Pahlavan, “Performance Bounds for RF Positioning of Endoscopy Camera Capsules”, Proceedings of the IEEE Topical Conference on Wireless Sensors and Sensor Networks, Phoenix, AZ, 16-20 January 2011.
March 9, 2011
Real time simulation
Testbed Implementation
Power Splitter
Circulator Circulator
RF Local Input
Others
Forward Channel
Reverse Channel
Mini Test Head RF Port Module Wireless LAN Analyzer Station Test Module
Shen Li, Ruijun Fu and Umair Khan
Cooperative Medical Traffic Delivery Mechanism for Body Area Networks
• Cooperative coexisting multi-hop BANs based on IEEE 802.15.6.
• Sensor devices are connected to multiple data sinks (network hubs).• Traffic delivery through:
The hub of the local BAN, or The hub of a nearby BAN.
• Three BANs with their hubs, H1, H2, and H3, connected towireless backbone (Femtocell)
• We consider channel parametersfor selecting a route to reachone of accessible hubs.
Kaveh Ghaboosi and Pranay Swar
Traditional Applications and Performance
Source: DARPA web site
Urban Fighting Scenario
People/Asset Tracking
March 9, 2011
Emerging Application and Performance
Wireless Access and Localization for Unmanned Vehicles
Wireless Access and Localization for Transportation Industry
RFID Applications
Source: Wikipedia/Google Images
Wireless Access and Localization in Medicine
Smart Environments
Fundamental Issues in Wireless Access and Localization
Applications Bandwidth, Data Rate and Precision Power, Coverage and Spatial Throughput Frequency Band, Regulations
©KP
Mbps1 10 1000,1
Out
door
Fixed
Walk
Vehicle
Indo
or
Fixed/Desktop
Walk
Mobility
WiFi OFDM/MIMO
User Bitrate, Datacom services
UWBOFDM/DSSS
Wide Area Network (WAN)- Expensive licensed spectrum- Voice-oriented access
WLAN-High speed unlicensed- Data-oriented access
WPAN-Ad-hoc unlicensed-Random access
Wireless Networks and Access
1000
Bluetooth/ZigBeeFHSS/DSSS
March 9, 2011
Wireless Access and Localization for Smart Phones and Netbooks