Collimator subtends PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Graphic from poster by Sarah Lamb, UConn Honors Program event Frontiers in Undergraduate Research, April 2009 Collimator subtends <25mrad from radiator 20mm diamond Radiator 1.5T magnet CHL- 2 Linearly polarized photons Exotic Hybrid Mesons Theoretical Predictions GlueX Detector TOF time of flight SC start counter TGT 30cm liquid hydrogen target Meson in Excited State Meson in Ground State Flux Tube Model The observed spectrum of quark + (anti)quark states (mesons) is well described by the constituent quark model. In this model, the quantum state of the meson is derived purely from the states of the two quarks. Recent theoretical calculations, however, predict that the gluons that bind the quarks together (the “glue”) may also contribute to the quantum numbers of the meson. In these so called “hybrid” mesons, the glue is thought to be in an excited state such that it carries one unit of angular momentum. With the glue acting as a 3 rd contributor, quantum states can be obtained that are forbidden with only the two quarks contributing. These states are referred to as “exotic”. The goal of the GlueX experiment is to measure and map out the spectrum of these hybrid mesons in the light quark sector (u, d). The experiment will initially focus on the exotic states as these will be easier to distinguish. Schematic of the GlueX detector as viewed from the side J.J. Dudek (et al.) Phys. Rev. D82, 034508 (2010) exotics p r 1 r 2 r 3 r 4 p 2 p 4 b 1 a 0 a 1 a 2 a 3 a 4 b 3 p 1 b 0 b 2 J PC J = L+S P = (-1) L+1 C = (-1) L+S Early motivation for the GlueX experiment was provided by the Flux Tube model. In this model the gluons exchanged between the two quarks to form the binding can be thought to form a tube of relatively constant energy density. In the lowest excited state of the tube, it can carry one unit of angular momentum (picture a jump rope). More recently, with the development of both high performance computing facilities and the field of Lattice QCD (LQCD), calculations have been made that confirm predictions of the flux tube model for their existence and range of expected masses. The above diagram indicates results of a LQCD calculation. It indicates that the exotic hybrid with the lowest mass (J PC =1 -+ ) would be about 1.3 times as heavy as W baryon or about 2 GeV/c 2 . Model predictions indicate that hybrids would decay preferentially into an L=1 and L=0 meson. This tends to lead to more complicated decay chains that end up with 5 or more particles in the final state. The difficulty in reconstructing these high- multiplicity events could be a contributing factor for the sparse experimental evidence of exotic hybrids to date. Production of exotic hybrids should be enhanced using a real photon (g) beam as it will carry one unit of angular momentum (L=1) into the reaction. GlueX will use a linearly polarized photon beam produced using coherent bremstrahlung. Picture of a 4mm x 4mm x 300mm diamond crystal with CAD rendering of mounting apparatus. This was produced using one of several techniques for making very thin crystals in order to meet the GlueX requirements. DIS2011 tour: April13, 2011 D. Lawrence Top view of the photon beam line • Diamond ~20mm thick • Coherent Bremsstrahlung • q<25mr • collimator at 80m • Range: 8.4 – 9GeV (coherent peak) • Polarization: 40% • Tagging • • 100 MHz in the peak Coherent bremsstrahlung spectrum The GlueX Experiment in Hall-D
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CHL-2. The GlueX Experiment in Hall-D. Exotic Hybrid Mesons. Theoretical Predictions. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Collimator subtends PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Graphic from poster by Sarah Lamb, UConn Honors Program event Frontiers in Undergraduate Research, April 2009
Collimator subtends <25mrad from radiator20mm
diamondRadiator
1.5T magnet
CHL-2
Linearly polarized photons
Exotic Hybrid Mesons Theoretical Predictions
GlueX Detector
TOFtime of flight
SCstart counter
TGT30cm liquid
hydrogen target
Meson in Excited State
Meson in Ground State
Flux Tube ModelThe observed spectrum of quark + (anti)quark states (mesons) is well described by the constituent quark model. In this model, the quantum state of the meson is derived purely from the states of the two quarks.
Recent theoretical calculations, however, predict that the gluons that bind the quarks together (the “glue”) may also contribute to the quantum numbers of the meson.
In these so called “hybrid” mesons, the glue is thought to be in an excited state such that it carries one unit of angular momentum.
With the glue acting as a 3rd contributor, quantum states can be obtained that are forbidden with only the two quarks contributing. These states are referred to as “exotic”.
The goal of the GlueX experiment is to measure and map out the spectrum of these hybrid mesons in the light quark sector (u, d). The experiment will initially focus on the exotic states as these will be easier to distinguish.
Schematic of the GlueX detector as viewed from the side
J.J. Dudek (et al.) Phys. Rev. D82, 034508 (2010)
exotics
p r1 r2 r3 r4 p2 p4 b1 a0 a1a2 a3 a4 b3 p1 b0 b2JPC
J = L+SP = (-1)L+1
C = (-1)L+S
Early motivation for the GlueX experiment was provided by the Flux Tube model. In this model the gluons exchanged between the two quarks to form the binding can be thought to form a tube of relatively constant energy density. In the lowest excited state of the tube, it can carry one unit of angular momentum (picture a jump rope).
More recently, with the development of both high performance computing facilities and the field of Lattice QCD (LQCD), calculations have been made that confirm predictions of the flux tube model for their existence and range of expected masses.
The above diagram indicates results of a LQCD calculation. It indicates that the exotic hybrid with the lowest mass (JPC=1-+) would be about 1.3 times as heavy as W baryon or about 2 GeV/c2.
Model predictions indicate that hybrids would decay preferentially into an L=1 and L=0 meson. This tends to lead to more complicated decay chains that end up with 5 or more particles in the final state. The difficulty in reconstructing these high-multiplicity events could be a contributing factor for the sparse experimental evidence of exotic hybrids to date.
Production of exotic hybrids should be enhanced using a real photon (g) beam as it will carry one unit of angular
momentum (L=1) into the reaction. GlueX will use a linearlypolarized photon beam produced using coherent bremstrahlung.
Picture of a 4mm x 4mm x 300mm diamond crystal with CAD rendering of mounting apparatus. This was produced using one of several techniques for making very thin crystals in order to meet the GlueX requirements.
DIS2011 tour: April13, 2011D. Lawrence
Top view of the photon beam line
• Diamond ~20mm thick
• Coherent Bremsstrahlung• q<25mr• collimator at 80m
• Range: 8.4 – 9GeV (coherent peak)
• Polarization: 40%
• Tagging• • 100 MHz in the peak
Coherent bremsstrahlung spectrum
The GlueX Experiment in Hall-D
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