Constance Malpas, Research Scientist

Collection Directions: Research collections in the network environment

17 December 2014 - NFAIS Webinar

Boundaries shift

when transaction costs fall

(network efficiencies

reduce transaction costs)

… affecting locus (source) and

scale of collections management

Overview

2 31

Collections

• The evolving scholarly record

• Attention and investment: the collections grid

Trends

• Collections as a service

• Workflow is the new content

• From curation to creation

• Inside-out collections

Collection directions

Right-scaling

• Stewardship: shared print

• Partnership: coordination capacity

The evolving scholarly record

Framing the Scholarly Record …

Attention & Investment

Low Stewardship

In few collections

In many collections

Research & Learning Materials

Open Web Resources ‘Published’ materials

Special CollectionsLocal Digitization

Licensed

PurchasedHigh

Stewardship

Journals

1. Licensed materials constitute largest share of budget

2. Publishers looking to research workflow (Elsevier: Mendeley, Pure)

3. National science/research policy mandates and open access

4. Rapid decomposition – new content carriers

Monographs

1. Emergence of ‘E’ (platform)

2. Shift to demand driven acquisition

3. Digital corpora

4. Disciplinary differences

Special collections, archives

1. Maximize community engagement

2. Maximize network exposure, syndication

3. Streamline operations, processing

4. Network level aggregation – DPLA, Europeana, etc.

Research and learning materials

1. Evolving scholarly record – research data, OER etc.

2. Repository infrastructure – scalable?

3. Research information management

4. Support for digital scholarship, OA publishing

Collections as a service

The ‘owned’ collection

The ‘facilitated’ collection

The ‘licensed’ collection

The ‘borrowed’ collection

• Pointing people at Google Scholar• Including freely available e-books

in the catalog• Creating resource guides for web

resources

• Purchased and physically stored

A collections spectrum

The ‘demand-driven’ collection

The ‘shared print’ collection

Workflow is the new content

arXiv, SSRN, RePEc, PubMed Central (disciplinary repositories that have become important discovery hubs);

Google Scholar, Google Books, Amazon (ubiquitous discovery and fulfillment hubs);

Mendeley, ResearchGate (services for social discovery and scholarly reputation management);

Goodreads, LibraryThing (social description/reading sites);

Wikipedia, Yahoo Answers, Khan Academy (hubs for open research, reference, and teaching materials).

GalaxyZoo, FigShare, OpenRefine (data storage and manipulation tools)

Github (software management)

Wouter HaakElsevier, VP Product StrategyLIBER, Riga, 2014

http://www.nature.com/news/online-collaboration-scientists-and-the-social-network-1.15711

V&R Framework

(White and Le Cornu 2011)

Visitors and Residents resources: http://goo.gl/vxUMRD

• significant online presence and usage

• high level of collaborative activity online

• contributions to the online environment

• functional use of technology, linked to formal need

• less visible/more passive online presence

• favors face-to-face interactions

Reputation management

As a content provider,

we want to maximize

network visibility of

our research

22

http://blog.impactstory.org/category/impact-challenge/

Workflow is the new content

• In a print world, researchers and learners organized their workflow around the library.

• The library had limited interaction with the full

process.

• In a digital world, the library needs to organize itself around the workflows of research and learning.

• Workflows generate and consume information resources.

The inside out collection

Low Stewardship

High Stewardship

In few collections

In many collections

OCLC Collections Grid

Research & Learning Materials

Open Web ResourcesPurchased MaterialsLicensed E-Resources

Special CollectionsLocal Digitization

Licensed

Purchased

Scarcity

Abundance

In few collections

In many collections

A

Licensed

Purchased

OCLC Collections Grid

Distinctive

Low Stewardship

High Stewardship

Commodity

Inside, out

Library as publisher

Maximize discoverability

Now

Outside, inLibrary as broker

Maximize efficiency

Then

From curation to creation

Collection directions

University of Minnesota

ARL Institutional profile

2009

“In alignment with the University's strategic positioning, the University Libraries have re-conceived goals, shifting from a collection-centric focus to one that is engagement-based.”

http://umcf.umn.edu/awards/2006/images/margo_library_lg.jpg

http://www.libqual.org/documents/admin/Profiles_apndx_C.pdf

32

Kurt de Belder

“Transformation of the

academic library”

http://www.oclc.org/content/dam/research/events/dss/ppt/dss_debelder.pptx

http://www.arl.org/storage/documents/publications/NRNT-Liaison-Roles-final.pdf

An engagement model in

which library liaisons and

functional specialists

collaborate to understand

and address the wide

range of processes in

instruction and scholarship

is replacing the traditional

tripartite model of

collections, reference, and

instruction.

New roles …

• research services

• digital humanities

• teaching and learning

• digital scholarship

Academic libraries are

positioning themselves

as centers of expertise

for a new kind of

knowledge work

Expert guidance and

support in managing

reputation, maximizing

research impact

The Publisher’s New JobThe publisher’s new job is to

support researchers at every

stage of the research cycle

-Annette Thomas, CEO

Macmillan

Which new ideas are

good?

1. Does it build

engagement with

researchers?

2. Does it leverage

that engagement?

Source: http://www.slideshare.net/phillbjones/emerging-needs-in-the-scholarly-publishing-space

http://www.digital-science.com/blog/guest/are-we-heading-for-a-librarian-vs-publisher-data-

publishing-space-race/

While there is a continuing trend towards open access,

a somewhat quieter revolution is building … that

threatens to have an even more fundamental effect on

the scholarly communication industry.

Right-scaling Stewardship

Shared print- collective collection

Then: Value relates to depth and

breadth of local collection.

Now: Value relates to curation and

availability of system-wide resource;

right-scaling stewardship models

41

Shared data network for decision support

Liberal arts college libraries

Research university libraries

significant duplication

in US academic collections

Source: C. Malpas. OCLC Research, 2011.

North American print book resource:45.7 million distinct publications889.5 million total library holdings

Mega-regions & Shared Print Initiatives

OCLC Research, 2013

Orbis-

Cascade

CIC

ASERL

SCELC

MSCS

WRLC

OCUL

GWLA

WEST

FLARE

We expect that within a decade the larger part of the North American

‘collective collection’ will have moved into shared management.

EAST

Mobilize Support

StewardSteward

Discover

Group scale

Research

Repository

Reputation

workflows

content

impact

support

manage

maximize

“a holistic view of … research

activity [for] better informed

decisions that drive the future

success of their research strategy,

associated activity and

programs”

Group scale…

new pathways for collaboration … that serve as

models for institutions of higher learning to accelerate

their national and global impact“ ”

http://www.pitt.edu/chancellor/library-collaboration

Multi-scalar strategy

50

M

Columbia

WEST

2CUL

ReCAP

HathiTrust

HathiTrust

HathiTrust

MARLI

HathiTrust

UC

UCLA

RLF

PKP

CMU

simultaneous participation in cooperative

efforts operating a multiple scales

?

Pitt

CMU

http://www.oclc.org/research

Credits

52

The work presented here represents the joint efforts of several

colleagues at OCLC Research. Credit for the collections grid is due to

Lorcan Dempsey and Eric Childress. Brian Lavoie was the lead author of

our Evolving Scholarly Record framework. JD Shipengrover assisted with

visualizations for the Evolving Scholarly Record and Mega-regions

analyses.

Related projects and work products are associated with OCLC Research

on Understanding the System-wide Library and Research Collections

and Support.

Further information:

http://oclc.org/research/activities/usl.html

http://oclc.org/research/activities/arm.html