Learning by drawing

Hannie Gijlers, Alieke van Dijk & Armin Weinberger

Met dank aan: Wouter van Joolingen, Lars Bollen, Frank Leenaars & Wout Kenbeek

Drawing

Making tangible, concrete and communicable representations of knowledge and ideas

Accessible for relatively young learners

Suited for problem solving as well as communication and record keeping (Brooks, 2009)

First step towards using abstractions (Cox, 1991)

Computer supported drawing

Easy log & store

Easy sharing

Peers

Class (smartboard)

Easy revision

Collaboration

Integrated support

Awareness / highlighter

Feedback

Scripts

4

Drawing software

Using labels

Group recognition

Supportive prompts

Script

Individual drawing phase

Inspect each others drawing

Selection -What is worth taking?

Finishing joint drawing

Combining drawings

Individual drawing student 2

Individual drawing student 1

Joint drawing

Experiment

Participants: 11-12 years old students from Dutch primary education (N = 94 47 dyads)

Learning content: Part of their science curriculum, namely Photosynthesis

Learners‘ task: To jointly produce a shared representation of the learning content – make a drawing that is explanatory to a peer

Material: Introductory texts, cintiq screens, drawing software

Experimental conditions: Control condition, Awareness with prompts, and Scripted Collaborative Drawing

PROCEDURE

8

10 min.Questionnaires and Test10 min.Questionnaires and Test10 min.Questionnaires and Test

13 min. 9 min.13 min.

Individual phaseSelection phaseDiscussion and collaboration

35 min.Collaborative drawing phase with additional prompting

35 min.Collaborative drawing phase

10 minSecond concept recognition testFirst open recall test

10 minSecond concept recognition testFirst open recall test

10 minSecond concept recognition testFirst open recall test

15 min.Introduction to Photosynthesis

15 min.Introduction to Photosynthesis

15 min.Introduction to Photosynthesis

5 minFirst concept recognition test

5 minFirst concept recognition test5 minFirst concept recognition test

35 min.Instruction, Training & Practice

35 min.Instruction, Training & Practice

35 min.Instruction, Training & Practice

TimePhaseTimePhaseTimePhase

ScriptedAwareness + promptsControl

Collaborative drawing

Collaborative drawing: selection proces

Data Sources and variables

Data Sources Variables

TestsConcept recognition test, essay questions

Audio and video recordings and learners’ drawings Students’ discussions and joint (final) drawings

Pen & Paper Post-Tests: Concept recognition, essay questions,

Control variables: age; schoolclass; gender

Processes: participation; epistemic activities; transactivity; drawing quality

Outcomes: individual knowledge acquisition

Example drawings

Example drawings

Results

Supported with awareness features or script

Higher scores on concept recognition test

Higher scores on essay test

Scripted students drew and annotated significantly more concepts than unscripted students.