Collaborating at speed

Todays Agenda

Concept and VisionA New ParadigmApplications

InternetNZ NGI Steering Group

Neil James (Chair) – speaker today

John Hine – speaker today

Simon Riley– speaker today

Roger De Salis

John Houlker

Laurence Zwimpfer

Don Hollander

NGI - Concept and Vision

What is NGI? NGI Capability Study reportNGI Consortium establishmentNGI Applications groupsRelationship between NGI and ‘Broadband’

What is NGI?

Briefly…October 1996 – Internet2To enable revolutionary Internet applicationsTo create a leading edge network capability for the national research communityTo ensure the rapid transfer of new network services and applications to the broader Internet community.

High speed, new protocols and middleware

NGI Characteristics

Very high speed

Very high reliability

Always on

Innovative applications

QoS

Low latency

Multicast capabilities

Directories, authentication and security

Peer relationships

Old Internet

coexistence with analog broadcast networkscircuit-switched telephone networksproprietary data networks

data, voice, and broadcast networks converge into an interconnected network of digital, packet-switched IP networks.

Next Generation Internet

limited bandwidth

intermittent availability

‘over-supply’ of bandwidthpermanent and pervasive access

… and we are not part of it!

Capability Study

Background Support by Industry NZ, Cisco,

University of Otago and InternetNZ

Three months research

Report released in October

Key recommendationsProceed to establish a network

Set up a consortium of interested parties

Set up applications development groups

We are looking for changes

A new communications model is sought

‘The Paradox of the Best Network’, David Isenberg and David Weinberger

New charging/funding models for a new communications regime

Business to business fibre and wavelength services

University of Otago

Lincoln University

University of Canterbury

AgResearch

CityLink

Victoria University of Wellington

Massey University

University of Waikato

Auckland University of Technology

University of Auckland

Initial members:

Establishment of Consortium

NGI Consortium

Not an exclusive club

Interim organisation

First tasks

Appoint a Project Director

Develop a full business case

Network commissioned by September 2003

NGI Applications Groups

Creative – Simon Riley

Biotechnology – Phillip Lindsay, J Kistler

Education & E-Learning – Geoff Mitchell

ICT – Mark Billinghurst

NGI technologies – Nevil Brownlee, Ian Graham

Tele-health

AgriTech

Relationship between NGI & ‘Broadband’

The applications link

Potential end-game

parallel with the development of the Internet

what is happening in the US and Canada?

NGI - A New Paradigm

Then and Now

Technology Drivers

Grid Computing

Middleware

The NZ Internetca1990

Multiple efforts

National coordination

Different lessons

Inter-connectivity

Governance

Metro

Regional

Regional

Multiple efforts

National coordination

New lessons

Inter-operability

Governance

The NGI 2003?

POP

POP

POP

Technology Drivers

Computers

Moore’s law

Performance per $ doubles every 18 months

Fibre Optics

Dense Wave Division Multiplexing

Bandwidth per $ doubles every 12 months!

Convergence of computers and communication

A Paradigm Shift

The Internet The NGI

Connectivity

Interoperation

Collaboration

Shared Resources

Virtual Organisations

Communication

Shared Information

Personal Productivity

Virtual Organisation

storageprovidercycle

provider

VO Requirements

Universal participation

Interoperability of applications

Spontaneous

Lightweight protocols

Shared resources

Discovery of resources, quality and quantity

Authentication of all entities

Authorisation of resource use

Multi-institutional

Respect for local policies

Grid Computing

Coordinates resources that are not subject to centralised control…

… using standard, open, general-purpose protocols and interfaces…

… to deliver nontrivial qualities of service

Ian Foster, July 2002

- the now NGI

Access Grid

Group interactions

Up to 20 per site

Large format multimedia display

Integrated presentation facilities

Interactive interfaces

Integration of local desktop

Multicast video

Access GridMonday, November 48:00 am to 2:00 pm CT9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. ETJanet Brown, brown@psc.eduVenue: Jack Frost RoomMeeting including NCAR and NCSA viaAccessGrid

Monday, November 43pm-5pm CTRobert Jacob, jacob@mcs.anl.govVenue: Full Sail RoomSciDAC Climate Team meetingURL: www-fp.mcs.anl.gov/fl/accessgrid/climate.htmMonthly AG meeting for SciDAC climateconsortium. This month features a presentationfrom the Earth System Grid project

Access Grid

Access Grid

“Performance”Grid

One Stage

The Performers Control

NEESgrid

Through the NEESgrid, researchers will:

Perform tele-observation and tele-operation of experiments;

Publish to and make use of a curated data repository using standardized markup;

Access computational resources and open-source analytical tools;

Access collaborative tools for experiment planning, execution, analysis, and publication.

International Virtual Data Grid

Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Resources in US, Europe, Asia and South America

Share astronomical resources

Develop peta-byte scale applications

CERN Compact Muon Solenoid

Largest magnet ever built

Petabyte databases

MacDiarmid Centre

Biomedical Informatics Research

Leverage revolutions in

Biology

Computing

Technology

Large scale medical science

Collaboration amongst neuroscientists and medical scientists

Composite of 20 normal brains

HAPTICS- Simulates Touch

HAPTICS- Simulates Touch

• MIT and London team report first transatlantic touch - Oct 2002

• The first time that two phantoms have been used to "touch" a human rather than a virtual object

• PHANToM a pencil like device which sends small impulses at very high frequencies - up to 1000Hz - down the internet.

• Pushing on the pen sends data representing forces through the internet that can be interpreted by a PHANTOM and therefore felt on the other end. You can not only feel the resulting force, but you can also get a sense of the quality of the object you're feeling - whether it's soft or hard, wood like or fleshy.'

Middleware

NSF middleware initiative definitionMiddleware refers to an evolving layer of services that resides between the network and more traditional applications for managing security, access and information exchange.

Middleware Services

Applications

Local Op Sys Local Op Sys Local Op Sys

Middleware Services

Naming and identification

Location

Communication

Authentication

Authorisation

Resource Management

Transparency

Dependability

Digital Teleportation

Enable speakers to be teleported into the venue from anywhere in the world

A major UK bank used teleportation of banking experts from a central location to bank branches.

Texas Governor Rick Perry materialized before a group of Richardson businessmen

www.teleportec.com

Digital Teleportation

NGI Applications

OverviewDemand Drivers Examples

Creative Sector and the ArtsHealthEducationE- Business E Science - Grid Computing Film TV Post Production

NGI Applications Overview

Distributed computationVirtual laboratoriesDigital video and audio libraries.Distributed learningDigital videoTele-immersionAll of the above in combination

NGI Applications - Key Attributes

Interactive research collaboration and instruction

Real-time access to remote resources

Large-scale, multi-site computation and data mining

Visualization - Shared virtual reality

Collaboration

Any combination of the Above

Fall 2002 Internet2 Demos

Digital Video Transport System

English Language Instruction via Internet2

Handheld Devices for Streaming Multimedia with Access Grid Nodes

High Quality Video over High Performance Networks

inSORS Access Grid

Internet2 Performance for Medical Imaging Applications

Monterey Marine Sanctuary Live Underwater Video

Portable Internet2 High-Speed Access via Satellite

RADVISION viaIP Multiprotocol Conferencing Solution

Real-Time Remote Sensing Applications

Shadow netWorkspace

Shibboleth

Soundmesh: Internet Sound Exchange

Touch Across the Atlantic

Visuo-Haptic Applications for Anatomy and Surgery Education Over the NGI

VRVS: Global Platform for Rich Media Conferencing and Collaboration

Extreme Quality Media Distribution: Options that Work

Super High Definition Digital Video over Internet2

Fall 2002 Internet2 Demos

What are other countries doing to support NGI Applications and Networking?

USA - NGI budget approx US$100 million / yr

Canada - Federal Government support approx

$ 500 million since 1995

Australia - current Federal Government support being A$37 million, plus A$93 million leveraged from industry, for advanced network projects

NZ – ICT only accounts for approx $10 million, or less than 3%, in total research funding.

Impact of Change

The history of communication technology tells us that the fastest growing applications are not travel substitutions but rather new interactions.

Impact of Change

Current Internet

Passive, unintelligent

Communication

Next Generation Internet

Active, intelligent

Collaboration

Introduction of the Telephone

Promoted as a device for:• Home shopping – order goods over the phone• Tele-medicine – consult with a doctor• Tele-church – hear church services over the phone• Listening to concerts

Sound familiar?

The concept that there would be a market to use the telephone just for talking or chatting was inconceivable

Internet2 Speed Record

Canadian Researchers Break Records for Data Transfer . Peak transfer rates in excess of 1 Gigabit/second were achieved to transfer a Terabyte of research data (equivalent to the amount of data on approximately 1500 CDs) from disk-to-disk at rates equivalent to a full CD in less than 8 seconds (or a full length DVD movie in less than 1 minute). "

Time to Tansmit 1.6 Tbit Image

Circuit Type Bandwidth Min(1000) Days

Modem 56Kps 476 K min 331 days

ADSL 1.5Mbs 18 K min 12 days

OC-3 155Mbs 172min 3 hrs days

OC-12 622Mbs 43min

OC-48 2.5Gbs 11min

OC-192 10Gbs 3min

Broadband Applications

No distinction between Broadband and NGI applications

Broadband Applications will be incubated in an NGI environment

Collaboration not Content

Demand Drivers

It’s the Pricing - stupid

New Business Models

Bandwidth vs Computing Capacity

Adding bandwidth will become more cost-effective than buying new computers

Gartner Report October 2002

• Optical bandwidth capabilities are increasing by 100% per year

• Computing capacity is rising by just 60% annually,

• Grid computing• Distributed applications• Fewer, more centralized data centers

Peer to Peer File Sharing

• P2P traffic challenges the business model for basic Internet access

• P2P activity swamping broadband networks

• P2P activity accounts for up to 60 per cent of the total traffic on any service provider network Sandvine Report Sept 2002

Applications or Competition?

• Once a technology is perceived as having broad utilitarianvalue, price, as opposed to features or applications drive Penetration

• Every year the PC has new applications• But the biggest driver for widespread PC in

the home is low cost• What is the driver for low cost?• COMPETITION

» Bill St Arnaud Canarie

CA*net 4 Vision

World's First Customer Empowered Network

• Customers at the edge of the network own and control their own wavelengths

• Customer can re-route or re-terminate wavelength any time they so chose

• Customer owned wavelengths will be extended to individual institutions and ultimately individual researchers

Art and Humanities

Arts

“ Dancing Beyond Boundaries"

• An unprecedented distance collaboration between artists, engineers, computer scientists and video producers

• The choreographer, dancers, animation artists, musicians, computer scientists, engineers and producers were in different cities in North and South America as the piece is created, rehearsed and premiered over the 4 days in November 2001

HiPArt

• Scientific Computing and Visualization group Boston University

• Collaboration between software developers and artists and making high performance computing, networking, and graphics resources available to the art community.

ArtWorld

• ArtWorld, is a collaborative, networked, multi-user, virtual reality environment

• filled with animated models, artwork and audio created by New England artists.

• Supports localized telephony and audio for each entity, participant avatars and user-defined "robots”

ArtWorld

Health and Sciences

Health

• TeleMedicine driven by clinical and medical applications

• TeleHealth driven by local health care needs.

CSIRO e-Health

• TeleHomecare– Hospital without walls

• Tele-Ultrasound– Addressing Australia's remote health

needs• Medical Imaging

– High level imaging

TeleHomecare

• "Hospital Without Walls"• Monitors the vital signs of patients in

their homes, thus decreasing hospitalisation or other types of institutional care.

Tele-Ultrasound

Low bandwidth, real-time tele-ultrasound system

* Remotely captures and stores high resolution still images.

* Based on a standard Personal Computer. * Provides clinically acceptable

performance over 128 - 256 Kbits/sec links.

Tele-Ultrasound

* Scales automatically to provide optimum performance with the available communications bandwidth.

* During the examination the medical consultant controls all transmission parameters, including the size, position and image quality of the Region of Interest

ecg@Home - healthfrontier.com

• Web, Wireless and Trans-telephonic ECG monitor• Records and stores the electrical heart signal • Transmits the data to anyone and anywhere in the

world via the web, a wireless device or via the telephone.

Internet2 K20 Initiative

• Internet2 K20 Initiative brings together Internet2 member institutions, primary and secondary schools, colleges and universities, libraries, and museums to get new technologies—advanced networking tools, applications, middleware, and content—into the hands of innovators, across all educational sectors in the United States, as quickly and as “connectedly” as possible.

• Digital California Project

One Gigabit broadband to all schools by 2005

One Gigabit broadband to all Californians by 2010

Imagining the Future

ThinkQuest 3 year Global Project

Exploration of advanced digital technologies , Future learning systems and supportive technologies on how young people learn when they have access to advanced technologies, including high-performance broadband networks, large-scale public digital resources

Research will focus on human-computer interaction, tele-collaboration, cognitive science, user interfaces, VR, 3D gaming environments, visualization systems, wireless technologies

Hands-On Universe

HOU students at Northfield Mount Hermon and Oil City High Schools USA discovered Kuiper Belt asteroid

Hands-On Universe

The red arrows point to the asteroid in each image.

E-Business

California 2002 NGI Grant ProgramObjectives

- advance e-Business and improve value chain efficiencies. - real-time value chain (RTVC) innovations

Examples • real-time planning and execution for outsourced supply chains• global trade system makes seamless cross-border

transactions by reducing customs delays and compliance penalties.

• storing, signing, and routing digital e-procurement documents accessed by people in multiple companies and government agencies throughout the value chain.

E Science Grid Computing

• Forest Fire Modeling• Meteorological eScience• Canadian Forestry Grid• Neptune eScience Grid Interactive Seafloor

Observatory• Neptune Fish Services

Forest Fire Modeling

• Emergency officials and civic defense officials need to model forest fires in real time

• But each forest fire model may take hours to compute

Meteorological eScience

• The European Meteo GRID work package will develop adaptations to an existing weather-prediction code for on-demand localized weather prediction and thus be the first step towards a weather prediction portal.

• Canadian Weather Service could make meteorological forecasts to a 100 km grid and then send intermediate data to schools and communities

• Schools and communities using local distributed computing resources combined with input from local weather instruments to make a localize forecast down to 1 km grid

Canadian Forestry Grid

• A National Project under the auspices of the Canadian Forest Service and the Canadian Space Agency.

• Meeting International Obligations for natural resource management and climate change. E.G. The Kyoto Protocol. (1997)

• A 15 Year, $49 million project. 3-year, phase 1 now under way. Core methodologies are satellite, Thematic Mapper (TM) based, remote sensing employing radar and optical sensors.

Earth Observation for Sustainable Development (of Forests)

Neptune eScience Grid

• Joint US-Canadian project to build large undersea dark fiber network off west coast of USA and Canada

• Neptune will be used to gather research data in a variety of fields – seismology, sea vents, fish migrations and population, deep sea aquatic life, etc

Neptune – Undersea Grid

Neptune – Fish Surveys

Neptune – Earthquake Research

Film TV Post Production

MediaNet

Owns and manages a dual OC48 (2.4Gbps) backbone in Los Angeles with high-speed connections to major production centers around the world inc Auckland

• Live video collaboration

• Digital dailies at the desktop

• Transport and management of high-definition video.

Sohonet

• Advanced digital media network to transfer film and video footage

• Established by a Consortium of leading Video, Digital Film, Sound and Special effects companies of London SOHO area in 1995.

Technical Overview

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

• 155 Megabits per second ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)

International - Los Angeles• 622Mbps ATM link • Cable & Wireless

Sohonet Outcomes

• Internet Connectivity - Fast permanent internet access

• Drag and drop film segments from other production houses

• Physically and Politically easier to collaborate on very large projects

• Directors/Producers in Hollywood can communicate with London via videoconferencing equipment to discuss shots and give approval

• Increase its customer base

Sohonet Outcomes

Sohonet Success Factors

• Success still comes out of a recognizable geographical unit.

• Community culture and 'mindset' is a real commodity which American film companies companies want to buy into.

New Zealand

New Zealand

New Zealand

New Zealand

New Zealand

Imagine Entrepreneurs

• New applications will be limited only by the imagination of entrepreneurs and designers

It's our Minds that lack Bandwidth

The NGI Vision for New Zealand

An innovative and globally-connected economy, with state of the art national internet infrastructure delivering bandwidth at capacities and prices that encourage collaboration, and stimulate researchers and entrepreneurs to seek new challenges and business opportunities.

this vision reaches out to all New Zealanders, beyond the tertiary education and research sectors, to school, businesses and the community, creating a widespread "innovation culture".

The NGI Vision for New Zealand

The Internet has shown us the way

The world NGI initiatives show us the future

Advanced applications will take us there

....using networks that are very reliable very fast very affordable ubiquitous

Thanks to