Cold war - europe
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Transcript of Cold war - europe
COLD WAR - EUROPE
Cold War Conflict between the U.S. and the
Soviet Union, short of actual military conflict
Democracy vs. Communism
Eastern European nations fall to Communism after WWII Known as the Iron Curtain of Soviet Bloc
Containment U.S. policy of stopping the spread of
communism to other nations
Truman Doctrine Military and economic aid to nations
fighting a communist threat (Greece & Turkey)
Marshall Plan U.S. aid to war torn nations in Western
Europe to help stop the spread of communism ($24 billion in aid)
Berlin Airlift After Soviet blockade into West Berlin,
Truman orders an “airlift” of supplies into West Berlin
Lasts almost a year before Soviets lift blockade
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Alliance of democratic nations in
response to Soviet threat 1st peacetime entangling alliance for the
U.S.
Cold War In Asia
The U.S. & China Peasantry & poverty put Mao Zedong &
communists in control of China Soviet Union supported the communists
w/ military aid U.S. supports nationalists under Chaing
Kai-Shek (they lose & move to Taiwan)
The USSR: A-Bomb Test Soviets explode their atomic bomb 1952: U.S. explodes hydrogen bomb Soviets explode one in 1953 Beginning of an arms race
The U.S. & Japan U.S. occupies Japan from 1945 until the
early 1950’s (Korean War) Helps rebuild Japan’s infrastructure
(factories, roads, etc.) Japan becomes an ally in the Pacific
Hot War in Asia: Korean War Japan loses Korea after WWII U.S. & Soviet Union agree to split Korea
@ the 38th parallel line U.S. withdraws from S. Korea & the
communists take over S. Korea Truman does not declare war – he uses
his power as Commander in Chief to send troops into a “police action”
UN calls for a limited war Gen. MacArthur disagrees w/ Truman &
pushes the communists back all the way to the Chinese border
China freaks out and mobilizes army MacArthur wants to invade China, but
Truman says NO!!Why?? USSR would get involved…WWIII
MacArthur ignores Truman and is fired!
Cold War & Containment in the 1950’s
End of Korean War Armistice in 1953 after Eisenhower is
elected
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OF_Ts_6oSi8
Domino Theory & Massive Retaliation Promoted by Eisenhower & Sec. Dulles Believed that if one country fell to
communism it would set off a chain reaction
U-2 Spy Incident U.S. plane shot down while spying on
Russia Gary Powers (pilot) was exchanged for
a Soviet spy Nikita Khrushchev cancels summit in
response
SEATO Alliance similar to NATO which
developed between England, U.S., France, Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, & Philippines
Egypt Nationalizes the Suez Canal
Eisenhower Doctrine Send troops to any Middle Eastern
nation that wanted help to fight communism
Sputnik Small metal sphere that orbited the
earth (Soviet making) Shocked the U.S. Caused education increases for
sciences and for the space race
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KMFvr1VwSSo
COLD WAR EVENTS – AT HOME
McCarthyism Use of unsupported accusations to
intimidate people Sen. Joseph McCarthy claims there are
some 205 communists in the State Dept. Became very popular w/public, listened to
him on the radio McCarthy attacks so-called communism in
the U.S. military Condemned by the Senate, led to his
demise
Smith Act Illegal to join the communist party
McCarren – Walter Act Communists organizations must register
& disclose financial statements as well as no more communists can enter this country (immigration act)
HUAC Led by Nixon, accused communists had
to testify in front of the House of Reps.
The Hiss Case Whittaker Chambers a former
communist accused Alger Hiss in front of HUAC as being a spy
The Pumpkin papers, Hiss got 5 years in prison
The Rosenberg’s Convicted of passing secrets about the
A-bomb to the Soviets & were executed in 1953
The Cold War: Crash Course
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9C72ISMF_D0
Truman & Eisenhower Domestic Policies
GI Bill of Rights Veterans get money for college, books,
etc. (low interest) Had a positive effect on the housing
market & increased college enrollment
Price Controls Removed after WWII by Truman Prices of goods increased by 25% Led to strikes for higher wages
Taft – Hartley Act Law limits power of unions over
Truman’s vetoEmployers can sue unions80 day cooling off period can be called by
the President to delay a strike
Fair Deal Truman’s domestic program includes:
Increase in minimum wage – 75 centsIncrease in social security to people not
originally coveredLow income housing funding
DID NOT PASS:No national healthcareNo Federal aid for educationNo Civil Rights Bill
Eisenhower Doctrine Favored business interests but disagreed
on cutting back on social programs Increased minimum wage & social
security Creation of the Depts/ of Health,
Education, & Welfare Interstate Highway Act – money to build
Interstate thruways Growth of Suburbs
Feminine Mystique
Consumerism A preoccupation with the purchasing of
material goods
AUTOMANIAhttp://www.swide.com/sport-man/luxury-car/top-10-cars-of-the-1950s-from-fiat-500-to-cadillac-eldorado/2012/12/02
Television in the 1950’s
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NPzLBSBzPI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4wKlth2yTF8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVKAVJO-1wY
1950’s Music
1950’s Fashion
1950’s Inventions
1950’s Slang
Ankle-biter
Big Daddy
Binoculars/peepers
Back seat bingo
gig
Flat-topdeuce
Burn rubber
weed
horn
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gA0gGK6Mew
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Et0GocBFrKo