Cold War Test Review Answers. 1. Explain the role of President Eisenhower during the Cold War.
Cold War 2 Review
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Transcript of Cold War 2 Review
• What was the relationship between the Soviet Union and communist China in the early 1970s?
• The Soviet Union and China were rivals for power.
• With what country did President Nixon begin to establish formal diplomatic relations in 1972?
• Communist China
• Name the Soviet-American discussions to establish limits on the number of nuclear weapons.
• The SALT talks
• Name the first treaty to establish limits on the number of nuclear weapons held by the United States and the Soviet Union.
• The SALT Treaty
• What was the effect of President Reagan’s military buildup on American relations with the Soviet Union?
• It increased tension between the United States and the Soviet Union.
• What action did President Reagan take in Western Europe during his first term?
• Reagan placed new nuclear missiles in Western Europe.
• How did the renewal of the arms race with the United States affect the Soviet Union during President Reagan’s presidency?
• It forced the Soviet Union to increase its military budget to keep up with the United States.
• What was the state of the communist economy in the Soviet Union during the early 1980s?
• Inefficient
• Who became the leader of the Soviet Union in 1985? This leader was known for the policies of “Glasnost” and “Perestroika.”
• Mikhail Gorbachev
• What was the two-fold purpose of Gorbachev’s new policies?
• 1) Revive the Soviet economy 2) Reform the Soviet system
• What types of economic and political changes did Gorbachev want to occur in Soviet society?
• 1) Less government control over the economy; 2) Some private enterprise; 3) Steps toward democracy
• What expectations did Gorbachev’s new policies raise among the Soviet people?
• 1) Higher standard of living; 2) Increased freedom
• How did Gorbachev’s reforms affect the Soviet system?
• They placed more internal pressure on communism.
• With what movement did Gorbachev have to deal inside the Soviet Unon?
• Nationalism in the Soviet republics
• What were the two sources of external pressure on the Soviet government under Gorbachev?
• 1) East European satellites; 2) President Reagan
• What does one call a nation that is formally independent, but dominated by another power?
• A satellite
• What was the name of the revolutionary labor movement in Poland during the 1980s?
• The Solidarity movement
• Why was the Berlin Wall built?• To prevent people from
escaping from communist East Berlin to democratic West Berlin
• What happened in Germany in 1990?
• East Germany and West Germany reunited under the democratic West German government.
• What action did the Baltic republics take in 1991?
• They declared their independence from the Soviet Union.
• What precedent did the Baltic republics set in 1991?
• Other Soviet republics declared their independence from the Soviet Union.
• What action did Gorbachev take on Christmas Day, 1991?
• He resigned and declared the Soviet Union had ended.