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STANBUL NVERSTES

OK KATLI YAPILARAGR

1

Dr. Kaan YEMEZKY.IU2008@gmail.com

STANBUL NVERSTES

OK KATLI YAPILARAGR

Ders 8Yangna kar tasarm

Yangna kartasarm

XXX 311201 - 3

The fire triangle

Fuel + Oxidant = Combustion productsFuel + Oxidant = Combustion products

CHCH44 + O+ O22 = CO= CO22 + 2H+ 2H2200

HeatHeat

Reactionoccurs whenOxygen/fuelmixture hot

enough

OxygOxygFuelFuel

Giri

Yangn gvencesi

Yangn direnci

XXX 311201 - 5

Yangn koruma metodlar

Yangn Gvencesi

Can ve mal kayb riskini azaltma Aktif sistemler :

Yangn tarama

XXX 311201 - 6

Yangn nleme,...

Pasif sistemler : Yapsal yangn direnci Blme duvar uygulamalar,...

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Standard fire resistancefurnace test

300Deflection (mm)

Span2/400d

13

100

200

0 1200 2400 3600Time (sec)

span2/9000d

Standard Fire

Span/30

Cardington test

14

Cardington test

15

Cardington test

16

Carparks

VTT Fire tests (Finland)in 1991

17

Carparks

ECSC Research n 7210-SA/518

New test in CTICM

18

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Determination of the firescenario

CarparksDevelopment of a new fire engineering model

19

Development and

spread of the fire

Determination of the firescenario

CarparksDevelopment of a new fire engineering model

20

Development andspread of the fire

CarparksDevelopment of a new fire engineering model

Determination of the firescenario

21

Heating of the structuralelements

-100

-50

0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

V

CarparksDevelopment of a new fire engineering model

Determination of the firescenario

Development andspread of the fire

22

-450

-400

-350

-300

-250

-200

-

Mechanical behaviour of the

structure

Heating of the structuralelements

CarparksDevelopment of a new fire engineering model

Determination of the fire

scenario

Development and

spread of the fire

23

Mechanical behaviour of thestructure

-450

-400

-350

-300

-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 100

V

Heating of the structuralelements

CarparksDemonstration test - Vernon in France - 2000

24

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1102544

CarparksDemonstration test - Vernon in France - 2000

25

Scnarios d incendie

26

Steel stress-strain curves athigh temperatures

Stress (N/mm2)

300

250

20C

200C300C

Steel softens progressivelyfrom 100-200C up.

Only 23% of ambient-

27Strain (%)0.5 1.0 1.5 2.00

150

100

50

500C

600C

700C

800C

temperature strengtremains at 700C.

At 800C strength reducedto 11% and at 900C to6%.

Melts at about 1500C.

Steel stress-strain curves athigh temperatures

Strength/stiffnessreduction factors for elasticmodulus and yield strength2% strain .

Stress (N/mm2)

300

250

20C

200C300C

Strain (%)0.5 1.0 1.50

150

100

50

500C

600C

700C

800C

Elastic modulus at 600Creduced by about 70%.

Yield strength at 600Creduced by over 50%.

Degradation of steel strengthand stiffness

Rft

100

80

% of normal value

Effective yield strength

(at 2% strain)

SS

Strength and stiffnessreductions very similar

for S235, S275, S355structural steels andhot-rolled reinforcin

29

0 300 600 900 1200

60

40

20

Temperature (C)

Rft

Elastic modulus

SS

bars. (SS)

Cold-worked reinforcingbars S500 deterioratemore rapidly. (Rft)

Concrete stress-strain curvesat high temperatures

1.0

0.90.80.7

20C

200C

Normalised stress

Concrete also loses

strength and stiffnessfrom 100C upwards.

0.60.50.4

0.30.20.10

1 2 3

1000C800C

400C

600C

Strain (%)

on cooling.

High temperatureproperties depend mainlyon aggregate type used.

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Section factor Am/V -unprotected steel members

h

b90% !

37

perimeterc/s area

exposed perimeterc/s area

2(b+h)c/s area

eliin snmasKorunmasz vs Korunmal

Steeltemperature

Firetemperature

Steel

Firetemperature

Steel

tempera

Stee

Prote

Section factor Am/V -inherently protected systems

39

exposed perimeter

Total c/s area

exposed plate

Total c/s area

exposed flange

Total c/s area

Yangn Koruma Metodlar

Korunmasz elik Kutu iinde Yangn Korumas Pskrtme sva ile Yangn Korumas

Yangna Dayankl Boya Uygulamas Kompozit Deme nce Deme Sistemleri Kompozit H Elemanlar

Beton Dolgulu Tp Kolonlar Muhafazal Elemanlar Su Dolaml Sistemler XXX 311201 - 40

Korunmasz elik

Dk kesit oran

Yangn durumunda

30 60 90 120

XXX 311201 - 41

dk yk koulu

Genel ereve davran

Mimari etki

Kutu iinde Yangn Korumas

Gypsum, Mineral fibre, Vermiculite

Kolay uygulanabilirlik Estetik

30 60 90 1

XXX 311201 - 42

Dk ve yksek younluk

Deiik yzey bitirmeleri

Deiik renk eitleri

nhazrlksz elik

Karmak olmayan detaylarda

Nemsiz ortamlarda

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Section factor Ap/V - protectedsteel members

h

b90% !

43

Steel perimeter

steel c/s area2(b+h)c/s area

inner perimeterof board

steel c/s area

Kutu iinde Yangn Korumas

Balant zellikleri yaptrma

30 60 90 1

XXX 311201 - 44

cvatalama

Kalnlk istenen yangn direnci

Kritik scaklk

Pskrtme sva ile YangnKorumas

MineralMineral fibrefibre oror vermiculitevermiculite inin cementcement binderbinder

Estetik deilEstetik deil

Grnmeyen,Grnmeyen, GizliGizli elemanlarnelemanlarn

30 60 90 120

XXX 311201 - 45

korunmaskorunmas

DDkk maliyetlimaliyetli

HzlHzl uygulamauygulama

KarmaKarmakk detaylardadetaylarda dada

PaslanmayaPaslanmaya karkar korumakoruma olanaolana

Gzden rak kiriler

Tozlu

Pskrtme sva ile YangnKorumas30 60 90 1

XXX 311201 - 46

a n on roedilmeli

Nemsiz ortamlarda

YangnYangnKorumaKoruma

XXX 311201 - 47

Passive fire protection

48

Sprayed protectionSprayed protection

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Yangna Dayankl Boya

Gzken elemanlarda

Ince mikron kalnlnda uygulama

30 60 90 120

XXX 311201 - 49

Yksek scaklkta s yaltm salayan

bir katman oluturur.

Karmak detaylarda da

Kaln kaplama -> 120 min.

Yangna Dayankl Boya

Az nemli ortamlarda

Kumlama nerilir

30 60 90 1

XXX 311201 - 50

s ar oyama ner r

rg dokumalgrnml yzey

Kompozit Deme

ok katl binalarda kullanlr

Ekonomik ve hzl

30 60 90 120

XXX 311201 - 51

Normal tasarmdaki

gibi demir -> yangn

diren art

Structural fire protectionComposite sections

Passive Protection Composite sections

Traditional downstand beam top flange upper face totally shielded by the slab

Downstand BeamDownstand Beam

Shelf-angle Be

Kompozit Deme

Desteksiz ise limitli aklk

! Otopark ve tuz :

30 60 90 120

XXX 311201 - 53

Su geirmez beton

En dk 30 dk.

nce Deme Sistemleri

skandinavya

Konutlarda

30 60 90 1

XXX 311201 - 54

60 dakikaya kadarkoruma gerektirmez

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Inherent fire protection tosteel beams

55

Slim-floor Systems

nce Deme Sistemleri

Normal demedenpahal

30 60 90 1

XXX 311201 - 56

bulunmayabilir

Grnen alt balk

Kompozit H Elemanlar

Yksek yk kapasitesiYksek yk kapasitesi

Yksek yangn direnciYksek yangn direnci

30 60 90 120

XXX 311201 - 57

Sismik dayankllkSismik dayankllk

AF System

58

AF System

59

Validity of EC 4 Part 1.2Beams

COMPOSITE BEAMS:

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ISO yangnna 90 dakikadayanyor !

STANBUL NVERSTES ok Katl Yaplara Giri 61

Structural fire protectionComposite sections

Passive Protection Composite sections

Beams with concrete encasement

Have high fire resistance (up to 180 minutes). Involve complicated construction of joints.

Require formwork.

EncasedBeam

Validity of EC 4 Part 1.2Columns

COMPOSITE COLUMNS:

63

Kompozit H Elemanlar

l arlkta art

Ar prekast elemanlarn

30 60 90 1

XXX 311201 - 64

montaj

! Balant detaylar

Kompozit tasarm

ISO yangnna 90 dakikadayanyor !

STANBUL NVERSTES ok Katl Yaplara Giri 65

Yangn korumaYangn koruma

XXX 311201 - 66

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olumn

Concrete Slab

T T T TT TT T T T

PARE asked for special fire resistant joints

Additional rebars needed over middle support

P. 67

IPE 600

Compositec 3 x 2 M27 Bolts

2 M12 Bolts

In that case the beams could staycompletely unprotected

Picture of the structure

Picture of the connection

P. 69

Beton Dolgulu Tp Kolonlar

Havalimanlarna uygun,

Estetik

30 60 90 1

Toplam boyut

deimez

Sismik dayankllk

XXX 311201 - 70

Beton Dolgulu Tp Kolonlar

Min. boyut : 140 mm

Mimari etki

30 60 90 120

Kompozit souk

tasarm

XXX 311201 - 71

Muhafazal Elemanlar

Blme duvar arasnda

kolonlar Yangna direnli asma

30 60 90 1

XXX 311201 - 72

tavan

dkolonlar

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Muhafazal Elemanlar

Tula rgl kolonlar

30 60 90 120

XXX 311201 - 73

Tula dolgulu kolonlar

Su Dolaml Yaplar

Limitsiz yangn direnci

Byk binalarda hesapl

30 60 90 1

XXX 311201 - 74

Suyun doal dolam

Su Dolaml Yaplar

Sadece boluklu

kesitlerde

30 60 90 120

XXX 311201 - 75

Eim > 45 deg

Mimari etki

STANBUL NVERSTES

OK KATLI YAPILARAGR

Dr. Kaan YEMEZKY.IU2008@gmail.com