1. l Kkenli Tozlarn Toprak Yzeyinde Oluan atlamalara Olas Etkilerinin Aratrlmas Prof. Dr. Ahmet CemalSaydam & Aycan rican 14 Kasm 2008 2. erik

Tezin amac ve nemi

Toprak

atlaklar

alma yntemi

Kaynaklar

3. Tezin Amac ve nemi

l tozunun

• atlaklara etkisini incelemek

• Toprak kalitesine etkilerini aratrmak

lgili konular

• Ekoloji ve tarm

• Erozyon

• klim deiiklii

4. Toprak 5. Toprak

Kayalar

• Magmatik

• Tortul

• Metamorfik

6. Toprak (Magmatik Kayalar)

Magmatik Kayalar

• Magmann soumas

• Yzeye yaknsa hzl souma (bazalt, andezit, ...)

• Derinde yava souma (gabro, siyenit, ...)

• Birincil olarak kuvars veya ortoklaz (silika)

• • Kum

• • akl

• Al, Fe, Mg, Ca, Na ierenler

• • Silt

• • Kil*

7. Toprak (Tortul Kayalar)

Toprak ve/veya organizmalarn birikimi + basn

• Kireta

• eyl (amurta, %50)

• Kumta

eyl (%50)

Kireta (maaralar)

Kumta, bre, konglomera

8. Toprak (Metamorfik Kayalar)

Magmatik ve tortul kayalardan

• Scaklk

• Basn

• Kimyasal tepkimeler

Kireta > Mermer

amurta > Arduvaz

9. Toprak (evrim)

Topraa

• Anma

• Donma, zlme

• Kimyasal sreler

• Anm (erozyon)

Kayalara

• Depolanma

• imentolanma

• Metamorfizma

10. Toprak (boylanmaya gre - ISO 14688)

akl (2 - 63 mm)

Kum (0.063 - 2 mm)

Silt (0.002 - 0.063 mm)

Kil (< 0.063 mm)

11. Toprak (tabakalar)

O: Organik maddeler

A: Yzey topra

• Organikler + mineraller

B: Alt toprak

• Fe, Al, Kil

• Depo

C: Alt Katman

• Pekimemi

12. atlaklar 13. atlaklar 14. atlaklar 15. atlaklar 16. atlaklar 17. atlaklar 18. atlaklar

Yamur ve atlak

Bitki kkleri

Nem

Geirimlilik

19. atlaklar (tane boyu)

Maizels (1987)

• atlak says tane boyuyla ters orantl

• 40x

20. atlaklar (slanma kuruma skl) Chaosheng et al. (2008) 21. atlaklar (besin)

Preston et al. (2001)

• Karbonhidrat

22. atlaklar (besin)

Preston (2001)

23. atlaklar (toporafya ve mikroorganizma)

Danin (1997)

• Mikroorganizmalar

• Toprak tipi

24. atlaklar (biyoaktivite) 25. Malzemeler ve alma Yntemi

Toprak rnei

• Tulunta Maaras, ncek, Ankara

Sahra tozu

Petri Kaplar

Polarizr

Saysal fotoraf makinas

26. Malzemeler ve alma Yntemi

Yazlm gelitirme

rnein tane boyuna gre snflandrlmas

Sahra tozu serpilmesi

Tekrarl slatma ve kuruma

Fotoraflama

Saysal ileme

27. Malzemeler ve alma Yntemi

Saysallatrma, Piksel sayma

• Gri skala, %50 eik

28. Malzemeler ve alma Yntemi

Motif Alglama (pattern recognition)

29. Malzemeler ve alma Yntemi

Deikenler

• Sahra tozu miktar (gr/cm 2 )

• Gne yn

• Islatma/kurutma tekrar says

30. Referanslar

Cooke, Ronald U., Andrew Warren, Andrew Goudie. Desert Geomorphology. UK: Routledge, 1993

Sara Preston, Stephan Wirth, Karl Ritz, Bryan S. Griffiths, Iain M. Young, The role played by microorganisms in the biogenesis of soil cracks: importance of substrate quantity and quality, Soil Biology and BiochemistryVolume 33, Issues 12-13, , October 2001, Pages 1851-1858.

Avinoam Danin, Inka Dor, Amir Sandler, Rivka Amit, Desert crust morphology and its relations to microbiotic succession at Mt. Sedom, Israel, Journal of Arid EnvironmentsVolume 38, Issue 2, , February 1998, Pages 161-174.

Saydam, A.C., Senyuva, H.Z., 2002. Deserts: can they be the potential suppliers of bioavailable iron? Geophysical Research Letters 29 (11), 1524.

Chaosheng Tang, Bin Shi, Chun Liu, Lizheng Zhao, Baojun Wang, Influencing factors of geometrical structure of surface shrinkage cracks in clayey soils, Engineering GeologyVolume 101, Issues 3-4, , 17 October 2008, Pages 204-217.

Grant McTainsh, Craig Strong, The role of aeolian dust in ecosystems, GeomorphologyVolume 89, Issues 1-2, , 36th Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium - Geomorphology and Ecosystems, 1 September 2007, Pages 39-54.