NTCP Tutorial, Randall K. Ten Haken, Ph.D., University of ...
Coalition Capacity Building Webinar Series Webinar 2: Conducting … Webinar... · 2018-07-10 ·...
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1 1 Coalition Capacity Building Webinar Series Webinar 2: Conducting a Community Assessment June 2017
Transcript of Coalition Capacity Building Webinar Series Webinar 2: Conducting … Webinar... · 2018-07-10 ·...
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Coalition Capacity Building Webinar SeriesWebinar 2: Conducting a Community
Assessment
June 2017
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Discussion Topics
▪Purpose- Provide technical assistance to Community Partners funded by IDPH
regarding coalition capacity building skills
▪Anticipated Outcomes- Support Community Partners’ achieving Goal 4: Coalition
Development (Annual Work Plan)
- Improved Community Partners’ coalitions engagement that leads to realizing the National Tobacco Control Program (NTCP) Goal Areas
▪Recap: Webinar 1
▪Webinar 2: Conducting a Community Assessment
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Presenters
▪Dave Shavel, MBA- Currently works on behalf of NCI to provide training and technical
assistance to increase the knowledge, capacity and accountability of community anti-drug coalitions throughout the nation
▪Keith A. Vensey, MBA, MPH- As Director, oversees GHEA which identifies gaps in public health
initiatives related to tobacco and cancer; pinpoints, curates and disseminates evidence-based practices and promising strategies; and facilitates operational effectiveness in executing public health interventions.
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Role of Tobacco Control Coalition
Impacts a Defined
Community
Engages Community
Sectors
Guided by an Effective Planning
Framework
Promotes Comprehensive
Strategies
Achieves Positive
Outcomes
Uses the Public Health
Approach
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Impacts a Defined Community
Defining a specific community:
▪Clarifies the population to be addressed
▪Describes the community “environment”
▪Defines “jurisdictional” boundaries and entities
▪Identifies “communities within the community”
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Uses the Public Health Approach
HostAgent Agent
EnvironmentRoot Causes
(Risk Factors)
Community Coalition
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Guided by an Effective Planning Framework
SAMHSA: Strategic Prevention FrameworkJune 2017
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Engages Community Sectors
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Promotes Comprehensive Strategies
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Achieves Positive Outcomes
▪IDPH’s Tobacco Control Goal Areas
-Prevent Initiation of Tobacco Use
-Eliminate Exposure to Secondhand Smoke
-Promote Quitting Among Youth and Adults
▪Community Building
▪Positive Youth Development
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Conduct a Community Assessment
SAMHSA: Strategic Prevention Framework
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Community Assessment
Describes the Community Environment
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Uses of a Community Assessment
A Community Assessment is use to:
• Establish Priorities
• Diagnose Root Causes
• Locate Resources for Action
• Name and Frame Priority Issues
•Determine the Coalition’s Strategic Role in the Community
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Conducting a Community Assessment
Elements of A Community Assessment
1. Community Description
2. Community History
3. Needs Assessment
4. Resource Assessment
5. Identify priorities
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A Word About Words
Community AssessmentData Measure Indicator
Needs and Resource Assessment
Information Measure
Indicator Question
Local Condition Type of Data
Risk Factor Consequence
Problem Diversity
Cultural competence Data Source
Data Collection Method
Root Cause
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1. Community DescriptionThe Community description includes:
•Geographic information (e.g., boundaries, rivers, roads)
• Jurisdictions within the boundaries (e.g., counties, cities, towns, school districts)
•Demographic information about the people in the community
•Description of “communities within the community” (culture and diversity).
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2. Community History
The Community description includes:
•Key events that have shaped the overall community.
•Key events that have specifically affected the coalition’s issues.
•History of community problem solving (generally, on your issue, success stories).
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3. Needs Assessment
A needs assessments identifies the gap between
“what is now and what it should be”.
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Needs Assessment Data
Problem of
tobacco useConsequences
of tobacco use
Root Causes /
(risk factors) of
tobacco use
Local Conditions describe
what the root causes look
like in the community
Disparities provide
information about
differences in outcomes of
among populations
COMMUNITY
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Needs Assessment – Consequences
Consequences of Tobacco use:
-Health
-Financial
-Law enforcement
-Judicial system involvement
-Education
-Employment
-Social
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Consequences
Smoking kills more people than alcohol, AIDS, car crashes, illegal drugs, murders and suicides combined. Thousands more die from tobacco related causes –such as fires caused by smoking and smokeless tobacco use
Source: CDC in the Best Practices for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programming using the updated information posted by Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids
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Consequences
Source: CDC in the Best Practices for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programming using the updated information posted by Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids
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Needs Assessment – Problem
The Problem of Tobacco use:
-What is the extent of the Problem?
-Which drugs are being used?
-How are the drugs being used?
-How much? How often?
-Who is using the drugs?
-Where and when are the drugs being used?
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Problem of Tobacco Use
Source: Executive Report 2015 Community Health Needs Assessment Mercy Iowa City Service Area (Cedar, Iowa, Johnson, Muscatine, and Washington Counties, Iowa) June 2017
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Use of Tobacco Products
Source: Iowa Youth Survey
Current11th Grade Use
Any: 14%
Cigarettes: 9%
Cigars: 4%
Smokeless: 11%
Dissolvable: 0%
Electronic: 7%
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Needs Assessment – Root Causes
Root Causes are “conditions in the individual and shared community environments which increase the likelihood
that youth become involved in substance abuse”.
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Needs Assessment – Root Causes−Sociodemographic factors (socioeconomic status [SES],
developmental challenges of adolescence, gender, and race/ethnicity);
−Environmental factors (acceptability and availability of tobacco products, interpersonal variables, perceived environmental variables);
−Behavioral factors (academic achievement, problem behaviors, influence of peer groups, participation in activities, and behavioral skills);
−Personal factors (knowledge of the long-term health consequences of using tobacco, functional meanings of tobacco use, subjective expected utility of tobacco use, variables related to self-esteem, and personality); and
−Current behavior relative to tobacco use (intentions to smoke and smoking status)
Source: CDC: Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults: A Report of the Surgeon General.
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Needs Assessment – Root Causes
Youth
Tobacco
Use
Retail Availability
Social Availability
Community Norms
Parental Attitudes Favorable Toward Use
Laws and Enforcement
Promotion and Price of Alcohol
Favorable Youth Attitudes (Low perception of risk)
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Needs Assessment – Local Conditions
Local conditions describe how the root causes “operate” in the community. What do the root causes look like in YOUR community.
Local conditions must be:
-Specific – a behavior or a condition
- Identifiable – something that can be measured
-Actionable – must be able to be changed
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Needs Assessment – Data Collection
https://mapping.countertools.org/iowa/
Retail Availability - # of failed compliance checks
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Local ConditionsLaws and Enforcement
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Local ConditionsCommunity Perceptions
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DisparitiesDefinition
SAMHSA Definition (from Healthy People 2020): “A particular type of health difference that is closely linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage.”
Disparities exist when one group has health outcomes significantly different than others in the same community.
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Disparities
Examples of groups include:
• Racial or Ethnic Group • Religion • Gender
• Age • Socioeconomic Status • Mental Health
• Cognitive, Sensory, or Physical Disability
• Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity
• Geographic Location
• Other characteristics historically linked to discrimination or exclusion.”
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DisparitiesDisparity Example – Geography & Age
Source: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/disparities/geographic/index.htm
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Disparities
Disparity Example – Sexual Orientation
Source: http://www.oregon.gov/oha/oei/Documents/Jackson%20County%20Health%20Equity%20LGBTQ%20Report.pdf
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Disparities - Example
▪Excess tobacco marketing in neighborhoods with more low-income, more African-American residents
• Menthol and little cigar marketing most often targets urban neighborhoods and neighborhoods with more African-American residents
• Smokeless tobacco products are more often marketed in rural neighborhoods and neighborhoods with more white residents
• Source: CADCA GHEA http://www.nohealthdisparities.org
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Needs Assessment – Data CollectionData Collection Methods
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Needs Assessment – Data Collection
Tobacco Data Collection Toolkit
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Needs Assessment – Data Collection
Quantitative Data describes – how many?
Survey
• Student surveys
• Parent surveys
• Community surveys
Archival Data
• Existing data from law enforcement, education, health department, etc.
• Reports from CDC, Iowa Public Health Department
• Data Mapper
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Needs Assessment – Data CollectionIowa Youth Survey – Use of Tobacco, Smokeless Tobacco
http://www.iowayouthsurvey.iowa.gov/June 2017
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Needs Assessment – Data Collection
https://mapping.countertools.org/iowa/
Retail Availability - # of retailers
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Needs Assessment – Data Collection
https://idph.iowa.gov/tupac/media-resources
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Needs Assessment – Data Collection
Point of Sale Iowa Mapper
Source: https://idph.iowa.gov/tupac/media-resources
Retail Availability of Tobacco Products
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Needs Assessment – Data Collection
Source: Data source: Iowa Point-of-Sale (POS) Tobacco Audits, 2016 Funded by the Iowa Department of Public Health, Division of Tobacco Use Prevention and Control https://idph.iowa.gov/tupac/media-resources
Promotion of Tobacco Products
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Needs Assessment – Data Collection
Qualitative Data describes – what does the data mean?
•Focus Group / Listening Sessions
•Key Informant Interview
•Observation / Environmental Scanning
(Includes both quantitative and qualitative data)
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Needs Assessment – Data Collection
Focus Groups / Listening Sessions
Examples of who Focus Groups / Listening Sessions can be conducted:
▪Adults at a PTA Meeting / ESL Class
▪Youth in a health class
▪Employees at a business
▪Youth on a sports team / club
▪ Smoking cessation group / class
(Be sure to obtain appropriate permissions prior to conducting the session.)
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Needs Assessment – Data Collection
Examples of Key Informant Interview Questions
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Needs Assessment – Data CollectionExamples of observation / environmental scanning
Observation:
- Youth smoking on school grounds
-Adults smoking at sporting events
- Counting “butts” at specific locations
Environmental Scanning of Retail Stores:
- Tobacco advertisements
- Location of signs & tobacco products
- Sale of “loosies” or “singles”
- Sale of paraphernalia
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Needs Assessment – Data Collection“Triangulation” of Data Collection
Availability of Tobacco
Products to Youth
Surveys:- Parent Survey- Youth Survey- Community
Survey
Archival Data:- Compliance Check Results- Reward & Reminder Results- Police reports of providing to
minors
Qualitative Data:- Interviews with clerks, parents, law
enforcement- Focus Groups/listening sessions with
youth- Observation of retail practices
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4. Resource Assessment
A resource or asset refers to those people or things that can be used to improve the quality of community life.
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Resource Assessment▪Community Resources include:
• Protective Factors and Developmental Assets that create a healthy environment and support healthy decision making.
• Existing facilities, programs, organizations, initiatives, coalitions, advocates that support youth and families.
• Prevention infrastructure including the health department, school system, resource centers, data systems, laws and policies, funding streams
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Resource Assessment
https://www.cdc.gov/psr/2013/tobacco/2013/ia-tobacco.pdf
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Resource Assessment▪Examples of community-level tobacco resources:
• Smoke or tobacco free laws or ordinances
• Organizations with tobacco free policies
• Organizations with cessation programs for employees or members
• Classroom curricula addressing tobacco prevention
• Kick-butts Day / Great American Smoke-off and other community events
• SADD and other youth groups engaging in tobacco prevention efforts
• Tobacco prevention or cessation advertisements in the community
• Retailer trainings provided
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Resource Assessment
Identify GAPS in community resources:
•Geographic Gaps
•Demographic Gaps
•Service Delivery / Program Gaps
•Resource Gaps ($, Staff etc.)
• Laws and Enforcement Gaps
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Resource Assessment
Examples of Gaps in resources can include:
▪Tobacco prevention curricula only provided on a regular basis at 3 or 7 community schools
▪Prevention and cessation classes only offered in English
▪Compliance checks limited due to lack of staff resources
▪No cessation programs offered at community senior centers
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5. Identify Priorities
Identify priorities – examples include:
-Tobacco use among teens
-Youth use of chewing tobacco
-Disparities of tobacco use by LGBTQ Youth
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Community Assessment Report
Elements of a Community Assessment Report include:
•Executive Summary
•Description of Community
•Community History
•Needs Assessment
•Resource Assessment
•Priorities
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Engaging Coalition Members
Form a Community Assessment Work Group:
• Clarify the work to be done / time limits
• Determine sectors / organizations to get involved
• Identify ways for coalition and community members to become involved in the work group:
- Attend meetings as a regular Work Group member
- Contribute or collect specific data
- Combine data into Community Assessment Report
- Share Report with coalition and community members
See Sample Community Assessment Workgroup Job Description
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Webinar #3: PlanningLogic Model & Strategies
Comprehensiv
e Strategies
Favorable
Parental
Attitudes
Underage
Tobacco
- Police Reports
- Youth Focus Groups
- Perceived Availability
- Police Reports-
- Youth Surveys
- Interviews
- Compliance Check
- Youth Survey
- # of tobacco licenses
- Community map
Availability
of Tobacco
- Perception of Risk
- Parental Disapproval
- 30-day use
- Age of Onset
Parents smoke
with their children
in the car
Parents allows
smoking at
Age 16
Stores not Carding
Under 18
Many tobacco sales
outlets in the
community
Information
Build Skills
Provide Support
Access / Barriers
Rewards / Consequences
Physical Change
Policy Change
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Next Steps
Taking it home:
•What concepts are relevant to your organization?
•How should you approach the organization?
•When should you do it?
•Who should be involved?
•What additional training, T/A and information is needed?
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CADCA Resources
CADCA – Community Anti-Drug Coalitions of America
-www.cadca.org
CADCA Help and Technical Assistance – Contact:
- (800)-54CADCA Ext 240
CADCA – Geographic Health and Equity Alliance
- http://www.nohealthdisparities.org/
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