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COAL TRANSPORTATION

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INTRODUCTION

Cutting of coal small coal cars/conveyor belts

Large chunks of coal

Crushed coal

Sent by trucks

ship, railroad, barge and by pipeline

Transportation is how coal gets delivered to the energy plants. Transport of mineral, materials and men is a major cost in mining operations.

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Coal Power plant

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NEED FOR PROPER TRANSPORTATION METHOD

• Safety• Without production delays no transport restrictions.• Quick response to very different demands. • Minimize degradation and dust problems.• Optimum economy in labor requirement.• Compatible with other systems.

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MAIN TYPES OF TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN COAL MINES

• CONTINUOUS TRANSPORT SYSTEM

• NON-CONTINUOUS TRANSPORT SYSTEM

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TRANSPORTATION BY RAIL

Rail ReliabilityWeather and other natural phenomena, such as earthquakes, fires, and floods, have the potential to cause localized line outages that can, in turn, adversely affect an entire rail network.

Faster than free steered vehicles. One operator can transport bigger loads.

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TRANSPOTATION BY TRUCKS

Trucks are the most versatile of all transportation modes for coal hauling because they can operate over the widest areas where roads are available.

DRAWBACKS• Highest unit energy consumption requirements.• Highest net operating costs.• Greatest external damage to highways

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WATERBORNE COAL TRANSPORTATION

BARGESIt is often cheaper to transport coal on river barges, but barges are unable to take coal everywhere it's needed. CARGO SHIPSCoal transported by cargo ship represents a significant share of shipping on the inland waterways, accounting for approximately 20 percent of total cargo.

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These deliver the coal to the power plant that are located overseas.

• by Barges• by Cargo ships

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Where mining is taking place in steep seams by hydraulic transport using high pressure water jets.. Crushed coal can be mixed with oil or water and sent by pipeline to an industrial user.

HYDRAULIC TRANSPORTATION

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UNDERGROUND MINE TRANSPORTATION METHODS

• By shaft winding

• By conveyor system

• By trolley

• Hand tramming

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SHAFT HOISTING

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LIMITING FACTORS• Location inflexibility, making a truck haul still necessary.• Maximum angle of inclination is normally 25 degrees.• The maximum lump size is to be less than about half the width of the belt.

The conveyors enable the continuous transport of overburden or coal and use for coal transport in hilly terrain where roads are relatively inaccessible, typically being used to move coal over 5-mile to I5-mile distances.

CONVEYOR SYSTEMS

ADVANTAGE The advantage of being relatively maintenance free

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A donkey carrying sacks of coal walks through the narrow tunnels of a coal mine. The donkeys can make around 20 trips per day carrying sacks weighing about 20 kg each. The work is dangerous with the constant risk of cave-ins.

TRANSPORTATION BY DONKEY

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• Truck and rail, affects communities through which the coal passes.• Trucks hauling damage roads and cause deaths or injuries in accidents. • Coal trains temporarily block those roads, and temporarily cutting off some residents from emergency services.• During the transportation the coal may set to fire and it causes adverse situations and accidents.

SOME DRAWBACKS

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