Coaching Science: Oceania

Coaching Science: Oceania

12th World Congress of Sport Psychology, Marrakesh, Morocco - 2009

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Cliff Mallett PhD




Introduction

• Lack of critical mass

• Isolated ‘pockets’ of research in coaching

• UQ plus UWA, Deakin (Aust) + Otago (NZ)

• Australian government review supports coaching in principle

• UQ/ASC postgraduate sports coaching programs providing a base for an emerging critical mass

• NZ - prevailing view is coaching science = biological science therefore little coaching science (Gilbert & Trudel, 2004).




Introduction

• Reviewed 29 peer-reviewed articles + 13 theses published between 2004 & 2009 on coaching science:

• Key areas of research:

• sport psychology

• motivation (SDT), autonomy-supportive coaching (SDT), mental toughness; sport & business

• sport pedagogy

• high performance coach development, game sense


Introduction

Key publication outlets (29 articles 2004-2009):

• International Journal of Sport Science & Coaching (12)

• International Journal of Coaching Science (4)

• The Sport Psychologist (4)

• Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy (2)

• Coaching: An International Journal of Theory, Research, & Practice (2)

• Journal of Sports Sciences (1)

• Journal of Applied Sport Psychology (1)

• Sport, Education, and Society (1)

• Journal of Physical Education (NZ) (1)

• Australian Psychologist (1)




Major Themes

• Much of the research in Oceania has shifted from what

coaches need to know (content) and what they do

(behaviour) to how coaches develop their craft

(learning), especially how HP coaches learn in a highly

contested environment.

• Moreover, research has shifted to the how and why of

coaching practice rather than the what.

• NZ - coaching as a pedagogical process (coach learning)




Dominant Approaches to Research

• Mostly interpretivist approach to examining coaching and

the coaching process

• qualitative in nature (e.g., semi-structured interviews;

action research)

• Lack of positivist research due to lack of appropriate

measures (e.g., coach motivation; motivational

climate using SDT)




Dominant Theoretical Frameworks

• Self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985)

• Autonomy-supportive coaching (Mageau & Vallerand, 2003)

• Ahlberg et al., 2008; Byrne et al., 2009

• Coach Motivation Scale (CMS; McLean & Mallett)

• Workplace learning (Billett, 2006; Mallett, Rynne et al.)

• Social-cognitive learning theories that examine the interdependency between agency and structure

• Coach development (life histories); (Mallett, Rynne et al.)




Collaborations

We are keen to collaborate with international institutions!

• Within Oceania is limited

• Minor collaborations:

• Gilbert (UC-Fresno) & Côté (Queen’s) - life histories

• Cassidy (Otago) coaches’ learning

• Future collaborations:

• Bochum (Germany) - coaches’ learning, MT




Research FundingAustralia:

• Competitive Grants

Federal Government (ARC - Linkage)• 3 projects funded in the past 3 years

• Industry • National & State Institutes (AIS & QAS) • Individual sports (AFL; FFA showing interest)

New Zealand:• SESNZ/Sport Academies ONLY source

• ONLY swim, aths, row, cycling, yachting, triathlon




Coach Education/Accreditation

• In NZ, SPARC developed the Coach Development Framework in 2006, which gave autonomy to

individual sports to govern themselves including coach education/accreditation

• In Australia, the ASC (Coaching & Officiating) provides support & guidance to NSO similar to NZ.

• Potential links with coach accreditation and education with postgraduate programs in sports coaching (UQ/ASC)




Key Issues

NZ:

• Geographical isolation, limited funds, & lack of critical mass of coaching science scholars limits

output

Australia:

• Research agendas driven by individual scholars and institutions - need for a more strategic

approach to coaching science




Future Directions

• Interested in international collaborations in coaching science research

• X-cultural research on coaching

• Faculty exchange &/or visiting academics to UQ

• Greater links with sports industry - professional and Olympic sports - some Unis are linked with AFL clubs




Conclusions

• vvvv

Coaching Science: Oceania

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