CLUJ Introduction En
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Transcript of CLUJ Introduction En
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
Remote Sensing Course
Cluj-Napoca, May 2012
A. Serradj, University of Strasbourg e-mail : [email protected]
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
Origins of Landsat satellite
ERTS-1 (Earth Resources Technology Satellite) 23rd of july 1972
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After a certain number of revolutions around the Earth…
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
Landsat Ground Stations
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
A multitude of satellites …
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It is difficult to enumerate the number of satellites which turn around the Earth…
Civilian or military Active or wrecks Telecommunications Television Meteorology Earth-watching satellites…
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
Civilian Applications
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That is mean the programs for which the product (image) is in theory accessible for every applicant … … versus payment of fees or costs!
For example: Spot scene costs around 1900 € (60x60 km) Ikonos image costs around 18$ km² with a minimum order of 25 km²
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
Very low resolution images
Meteosat: 5km et 2.5km
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http://www.satimagingcorp.com/characterization-of-satellite-remote-sensing-systems.html
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
Low resolution images
NOAA: 4 km et 1km
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
Low resolution images: 250m
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Modis satellite
Sandstorm coming from the Moroccan west coast towards the Atlantic Ocean
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
Image Combination MODIS: 250m + Landsat_7: 30m
Algérie, Hauts Plateaux
htt
p:/
/reliefw
eb.int/
node/4
693
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
Medium resolution: LANDSAT: 30m
Cluj-Napoca, 12th of June 2000
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
LANDSAT + DTM
Cluj-Napoca, 12th of June 2000
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
SPOT-5 : 10m et 5m (Data Fusion)
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
High resolution: Spot-5 : 2.5m Rabat - SPOT-5 : 2.5m
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
Very High Resolution: IKONOS : 1m (Data Fusion)
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
Very High Resolution: QUICKBIRD: 2.40m
Gare de Strasbourg, 2d of May 2002
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
QUICKBIRD: Fusion 0.60m
Gare de Strasbourg, 2d of May 2002
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
How is the behavior of the
objects laying on the Earth
surface facing the
electromagnetic waves?
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Transformation of the incident ray
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Some characteristic spectral curves
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
The EMRay: a rich vehicle of information-1
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The EMRay: a rich vehicle of information-2
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0
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Blue band Histogram
Satellite image characteristics… 1 10 4 10 4 7 3 8 5 3
3 1 2 5 4 10 2 5 4 10
10 6 10 8 4 1 7 5 10 10
1 9 10 5 2 7 2 8 4 3
5 9 5 8 7 5 1 9 8 10
7 10 4 5 5 5 2 3 8 10
7 7 10 2 2 9 4 9 4 8
1 3 9 6 2 7 5 4 4 8
3 4 10 2 9 5 10 6 3 7
3 7 4 8 8 6 9 2 4 5
1 10 8 10 5 7 6 8 7 3
3 5 2 2 4 8 8 6 4 9
10 6 10 8 4 1 7 5 10 10
1 9 10 5 2 7 2 8 4 3
5 9 5 8 7 5 1 9 8 10
7 10 4 5 5 5 2 3 8 10
7 7 10 2 2 9 4 9 4 8
1 3 9 6 2 7 5 4 4 8
3 4 10 2 9 5 10 6 3 7
3 7 4 8 8 6 9 2 4 5
1 6 8 5 9 3 5 7 2 4
6 5 9 2 7 3 8 6 5 6
10 6 10 8 4 1 7 5 10 10
1 9 10 5 2 7 2 8 4 3
5 9 5 8 7 5 1 9 8 10
7 10 4 5 5 5 2 3 8 10
7 7 10 2 2 9 4 9 4 8
1 3 9 6 2 7 5 4 4 8
3 4 10 2 9 5 10 6 3 7
3 7 4 8 8 6 9 2 4 5
0
5
10
15
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Green band Histogram
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Red band Histogram
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
How the terrain is seen by the sensor?
Terrain
TM7
SWIR-2
TM6
TIR
TM5
SWIR-1
TM4
NIR
TM3
TM2
TM1
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
The 3 VHR bands of SPOT satellite
Radiometric bands
“Colour Planes”
XS1 XS2 XS3
Blue Green Red
“Colour Infra Red
composite image”
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A. SERRADJ, CLUJ 2012
The disruptive environment
The atmosphere alters
the signal in its double
route:
source target
target sensor
For the common
applications, we shall
assume that this
disturbance is almost
the same for all the
objects; we can thus
occult it.
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Complexity of the signal arriving at the sensor…
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