Clueless to journal publishing

92
L/O/G/O Academic Writing and Statistics

Transcript of Clueless to journal publishing

LOGO

Academic Writing and Statistics

ldquoIf you dont have time to read

you dont have the time

(or the tools) to write

Simple as thatrdquo

― Stephen King

Structure

I Thinking andpreparing the article

II Writing the paper

III Editing thematerial

Decisionsdecisions

What

bull Article

bull Lit Review

bull Thesis

Where

bull Journal

bull Conference

bull Thesis defence

About what

bull Own results

bull Overview

bull Contradict

How

bull Clear

bull Concise

bull Simple

Overview of the Writing Process

Narrow down a

topic for the article

Determine what type of

article to write

Select a journal to submit the

article

Write the

article

Submit the

articleReview

Re-submit article

Choosing a theme

Working Title

Choose theme

Study

Narrow theme

More study

The Writing Process in numbers

bull 1 Prewriting (70)

bull 2 Writing the first draft (10)

bull 3 Revision (20)

First draft

Revising

Pre-writing

Choosing a topic- Example

bull Crisis

bull Prediction

Business

cycle

bull Synchronization

bull Dynamic equations

bull Use GDP

Studybull The dynamic

estimation of business cycle transmission between US and the Euro area

Working title

bull ldquoIdeas are like rabbits You

get a couple and learn how

to handle them and pretty

soon you have a dozenrdquo

― John Steinbeck

Documentation

bull Databases for literature review

Free databases

bull Google Scholar

bull Directory of Open Access Journals

bull NO WIKIPEDIA

Institutional subscribtion

bull Elsevier

bull Sage

bull JSTOR

bull Springer

bull Thomson Reutersrsquo Web of Knowledge

bull Taylor amp Francis

bull Wiley-Blackwell

Payed

bull EMBASE

bull Project Muse

bull Science Direct

bull Ulrichrsquos Directory

Documentation- Tips and Tricks

Articles

bull Google scholar account-daily notifications free articles on your theme

bull All versions ndash early (free) versions of a payed article

Books

bull Libgenorg

bull Google books

Organize information

bull Theme variables methods chronological

bull Make a table with articlesbooks you have

read

bull Use JabRef (or other referencing software)

bull Use Wordrsquos Masterlist option to build a

bibliography list for future use

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

ldquoIf you dont have time to read

you dont have the time

(or the tools) to write

Simple as thatrdquo

― Stephen King

Structure

I Thinking andpreparing the article

II Writing the paper

III Editing thematerial

Decisionsdecisions

What

bull Article

bull Lit Review

bull Thesis

Where

bull Journal

bull Conference

bull Thesis defence

About what

bull Own results

bull Overview

bull Contradict

How

bull Clear

bull Concise

bull Simple

Overview of the Writing Process

Narrow down a

topic for the article

Determine what type of

article to write

Select a journal to submit the

article

Write the

article

Submit the

articleReview

Re-submit article

Choosing a theme

Working Title

Choose theme

Study

Narrow theme

More study

The Writing Process in numbers

bull 1 Prewriting (70)

bull 2 Writing the first draft (10)

bull 3 Revision (20)

First draft

Revising

Pre-writing

Choosing a topic- Example

bull Crisis

bull Prediction

Business

cycle

bull Synchronization

bull Dynamic equations

bull Use GDP

Studybull The dynamic

estimation of business cycle transmission between US and the Euro area

Working title

bull ldquoIdeas are like rabbits You

get a couple and learn how

to handle them and pretty

soon you have a dozenrdquo

― John Steinbeck

Documentation

bull Databases for literature review

Free databases

bull Google Scholar

bull Directory of Open Access Journals

bull NO WIKIPEDIA

Institutional subscribtion

bull Elsevier

bull Sage

bull JSTOR

bull Springer

bull Thomson Reutersrsquo Web of Knowledge

bull Taylor amp Francis

bull Wiley-Blackwell

Payed

bull EMBASE

bull Project Muse

bull Science Direct

bull Ulrichrsquos Directory

Documentation- Tips and Tricks

Articles

bull Google scholar account-daily notifications free articles on your theme

bull All versions ndash early (free) versions of a payed article

Books

bull Libgenorg

bull Google books

Organize information

bull Theme variables methods chronological

bull Make a table with articlesbooks you have

read

bull Use JabRef (or other referencing software)

bull Use Wordrsquos Masterlist option to build a

bibliography list for future use

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Structure

I Thinking andpreparing the article

II Writing the paper

III Editing thematerial

Decisionsdecisions

What

bull Article

bull Lit Review

bull Thesis

Where

bull Journal

bull Conference

bull Thesis defence

About what

bull Own results

bull Overview

bull Contradict

How

bull Clear

bull Concise

bull Simple

Overview of the Writing Process

Narrow down a

topic for the article

Determine what type of

article to write

Select a journal to submit the

article

Write the

article

Submit the

articleReview

Re-submit article

Choosing a theme

Working Title

Choose theme

Study

Narrow theme

More study

The Writing Process in numbers

bull 1 Prewriting (70)

bull 2 Writing the first draft (10)

bull 3 Revision (20)

First draft

Revising

Pre-writing

Choosing a topic- Example

bull Crisis

bull Prediction

Business

cycle

bull Synchronization

bull Dynamic equations

bull Use GDP

Studybull The dynamic

estimation of business cycle transmission between US and the Euro area

Working title

bull ldquoIdeas are like rabbits You

get a couple and learn how

to handle them and pretty

soon you have a dozenrdquo

― John Steinbeck

Documentation

bull Databases for literature review

Free databases

bull Google Scholar

bull Directory of Open Access Journals

bull NO WIKIPEDIA

Institutional subscribtion

bull Elsevier

bull Sage

bull JSTOR

bull Springer

bull Thomson Reutersrsquo Web of Knowledge

bull Taylor amp Francis

bull Wiley-Blackwell

Payed

bull EMBASE

bull Project Muse

bull Science Direct

bull Ulrichrsquos Directory

Documentation- Tips and Tricks

Articles

bull Google scholar account-daily notifications free articles on your theme

bull All versions ndash early (free) versions of a payed article

Books

bull Libgenorg

bull Google books

Organize information

bull Theme variables methods chronological

bull Make a table with articlesbooks you have

read

bull Use JabRef (or other referencing software)

bull Use Wordrsquos Masterlist option to build a

bibliography list for future use

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Decisionsdecisions

What

bull Article

bull Lit Review

bull Thesis

Where

bull Journal

bull Conference

bull Thesis defence

About what

bull Own results

bull Overview

bull Contradict

How

bull Clear

bull Concise

bull Simple

Overview of the Writing Process

Narrow down a

topic for the article

Determine what type of

article to write

Select a journal to submit the

article

Write the

article

Submit the

articleReview

Re-submit article

Choosing a theme

Working Title

Choose theme

Study

Narrow theme

More study

The Writing Process in numbers

bull 1 Prewriting (70)

bull 2 Writing the first draft (10)

bull 3 Revision (20)

First draft

Revising

Pre-writing

Choosing a topic- Example

bull Crisis

bull Prediction

Business

cycle

bull Synchronization

bull Dynamic equations

bull Use GDP

Studybull The dynamic

estimation of business cycle transmission between US and the Euro area

Working title

bull ldquoIdeas are like rabbits You

get a couple and learn how

to handle them and pretty

soon you have a dozenrdquo

― John Steinbeck

Documentation

bull Databases for literature review

Free databases

bull Google Scholar

bull Directory of Open Access Journals

bull NO WIKIPEDIA

Institutional subscribtion

bull Elsevier

bull Sage

bull JSTOR

bull Springer

bull Thomson Reutersrsquo Web of Knowledge

bull Taylor amp Francis

bull Wiley-Blackwell

Payed

bull EMBASE

bull Project Muse

bull Science Direct

bull Ulrichrsquos Directory

Documentation- Tips and Tricks

Articles

bull Google scholar account-daily notifications free articles on your theme

bull All versions ndash early (free) versions of a payed article

Books

bull Libgenorg

bull Google books

Organize information

bull Theme variables methods chronological

bull Make a table with articlesbooks you have

read

bull Use JabRef (or other referencing software)

bull Use Wordrsquos Masterlist option to build a

bibliography list for future use

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Overview of the Writing Process

Narrow down a

topic for the article

Determine what type of

article to write

Select a journal to submit the

article

Write the

article

Submit the

articleReview

Re-submit article

Choosing a theme

Working Title

Choose theme

Study

Narrow theme

More study

The Writing Process in numbers

bull 1 Prewriting (70)

bull 2 Writing the first draft (10)

bull 3 Revision (20)

First draft

Revising

Pre-writing

Choosing a topic- Example

bull Crisis

bull Prediction

Business

cycle

bull Synchronization

bull Dynamic equations

bull Use GDP

Studybull The dynamic

estimation of business cycle transmission between US and the Euro area

Working title

bull ldquoIdeas are like rabbits You

get a couple and learn how

to handle them and pretty

soon you have a dozenrdquo

― John Steinbeck

Documentation

bull Databases for literature review

Free databases

bull Google Scholar

bull Directory of Open Access Journals

bull NO WIKIPEDIA

Institutional subscribtion

bull Elsevier

bull Sage

bull JSTOR

bull Springer

bull Thomson Reutersrsquo Web of Knowledge

bull Taylor amp Francis

bull Wiley-Blackwell

Payed

bull EMBASE

bull Project Muse

bull Science Direct

bull Ulrichrsquos Directory

Documentation- Tips and Tricks

Articles

bull Google scholar account-daily notifications free articles on your theme

bull All versions ndash early (free) versions of a payed article

Books

bull Libgenorg

bull Google books

Organize information

bull Theme variables methods chronological

bull Make a table with articlesbooks you have

read

bull Use JabRef (or other referencing software)

bull Use Wordrsquos Masterlist option to build a

bibliography list for future use

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Choosing a theme

Working Title

Choose theme

Study

Narrow theme

More study

The Writing Process in numbers

bull 1 Prewriting (70)

bull 2 Writing the first draft (10)

bull 3 Revision (20)

First draft

Revising

Pre-writing

Choosing a topic- Example

bull Crisis

bull Prediction

Business

cycle

bull Synchronization

bull Dynamic equations

bull Use GDP

Studybull The dynamic

estimation of business cycle transmission between US and the Euro area

Working title

bull ldquoIdeas are like rabbits You

get a couple and learn how

to handle them and pretty

soon you have a dozenrdquo

― John Steinbeck

Documentation

bull Databases for literature review

Free databases

bull Google Scholar

bull Directory of Open Access Journals

bull NO WIKIPEDIA

Institutional subscribtion

bull Elsevier

bull Sage

bull JSTOR

bull Springer

bull Thomson Reutersrsquo Web of Knowledge

bull Taylor amp Francis

bull Wiley-Blackwell

Payed

bull EMBASE

bull Project Muse

bull Science Direct

bull Ulrichrsquos Directory

Documentation- Tips and Tricks

Articles

bull Google scholar account-daily notifications free articles on your theme

bull All versions ndash early (free) versions of a payed article

Books

bull Libgenorg

bull Google books

Organize information

bull Theme variables methods chronological

bull Make a table with articlesbooks you have

read

bull Use JabRef (or other referencing software)

bull Use Wordrsquos Masterlist option to build a

bibliography list for future use

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

The Writing Process in numbers

bull 1 Prewriting (70)

bull 2 Writing the first draft (10)

bull 3 Revision (20)

First draft

Revising

Pre-writing

Choosing a topic- Example

bull Crisis

bull Prediction

Business

cycle

bull Synchronization

bull Dynamic equations

bull Use GDP

Studybull The dynamic

estimation of business cycle transmission between US and the Euro area

Working title

bull ldquoIdeas are like rabbits You

get a couple and learn how

to handle them and pretty

soon you have a dozenrdquo

― John Steinbeck

Documentation

bull Databases for literature review

Free databases

bull Google Scholar

bull Directory of Open Access Journals

bull NO WIKIPEDIA

Institutional subscribtion

bull Elsevier

bull Sage

bull JSTOR

bull Springer

bull Thomson Reutersrsquo Web of Knowledge

bull Taylor amp Francis

bull Wiley-Blackwell

Payed

bull EMBASE

bull Project Muse

bull Science Direct

bull Ulrichrsquos Directory

Documentation- Tips and Tricks

Articles

bull Google scholar account-daily notifications free articles on your theme

bull All versions ndash early (free) versions of a payed article

Books

bull Libgenorg

bull Google books

Organize information

bull Theme variables methods chronological

bull Make a table with articlesbooks you have

read

bull Use JabRef (or other referencing software)

bull Use Wordrsquos Masterlist option to build a

bibliography list for future use

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Choosing a topic- Example

bull Crisis

bull Prediction

Business

cycle

bull Synchronization

bull Dynamic equations

bull Use GDP

Studybull The dynamic

estimation of business cycle transmission between US and the Euro area

Working title

bull ldquoIdeas are like rabbits You

get a couple and learn how

to handle them and pretty

soon you have a dozenrdquo

― John Steinbeck

Documentation

bull Databases for literature review

Free databases

bull Google Scholar

bull Directory of Open Access Journals

bull NO WIKIPEDIA

Institutional subscribtion

bull Elsevier

bull Sage

bull JSTOR

bull Springer

bull Thomson Reutersrsquo Web of Knowledge

bull Taylor amp Francis

bull Wiley-Blackwell

Payed

bull EMBASE

bull Project Muse

bull Science Direct

bull Ulrichrsquos Directory

Documentation- Tips and Tricks

Articles

bull Google scholar account-daily notifications free articles on your theme

bull All versions ndash early (free) versions of a payed article

Books

bull Libgenorg

bull Google books

Organize information

bull Theme variables methods chronological

bull Make a table with articlesbooks you have

read

bull Use JabRef (or other referencing software)

bull Use Wordrsquos Masterlist option to build a

bibliography list for future use

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

bull ldquoIdeas are like rabbits You

get a couple and learn how

to handle them and pretty

soon you have a dozenrdquo

― John Steinbeck

Documentation

bull Databases for literature review

Free databases

bull Google Scholar

bull Directory of Open Access Journals

bull NO WIKIPEDIA

Institutional subscribtion

bull Elsevier

bull Sage

bull JSTOR

bull Springer

bull Thomson Reutersrsquo Web of Knowledge

bull Taylor amp Francis

bull Wiley-Blackwell

Payed

bull EMBASE

bull Project Muse

bull Science Direct

bull Ulrichrsquos Directory

Documentation- Tips and Tricks

Articles

bull Google scholar account-daily notifications free articles on your theme

bull All versions ndash early (free) versions of a payed article

Books

bull Libgenorg

bull Google books

Organize information

bull Theme variables methods chronological

bull Make a table with articlesbooks you have

read

bull Use JabRef (or other referencing software)

bull Use Wordrsquos Masterlist option to build a

bibliography list for future use

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Documentation

bull Databases for literature review

Free databases

bull Google Scholar

bull Directory of Open Access Journals

bull NO WIKIPEDIA

Institutional subscribtion

bull Elsevier

bull Sage

bull JSTOR

bull Springer

bull Thomson Reutersrsquo Web of Knowledge

bull Taylor amp Francis

bull Wiley-Blackwell

Payed

bull EMBASE

bull Project Muse

bull Science Direct

bull Ulrichrsquos Directory

Documentation- Tips and Tricks

Articles

bull Google scholar account-daily notifications free articles on your theme

bull All versions ndash early (free) versions of a payed article

Books

bull Libgenorg

bull Google books

Organize information

bull Theme variables methods chronological

bull Make a table with articlesbooks you have

read

bull Use JabRef (or other referencing software)

bull Use Wordrsquos Masterlist option to build a

bibliography list for future use

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Documentation- Tips and Tricks

Articles

bull Google scholar account-daily notifications free articles on your theme

bull All versions ndash early (free) versions of a payed article

Books

bull Libgenorg

bull Google books

Organize information

bull Theme variables methods chronological

bull Make a table with articlesbooks you have

read

bull Use JabRef (or other referencing software)

bull Use Wordrsquos Masterlist option to build a

bibliography list for future use

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Organize information

bull Theme variables methods chronological

bull Make a table with articlesbooks you have

read

bull Use JabRef (or other referencing software)

bull Use Wordrsquos Masterlist option to build a

bibliography list for future use

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Organize information- Examples

bull MS-Word Masterlist

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Get Data

bull Questionnaires

bull Databases (Choose only institutional DB)

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Compute results

State hypothesis

Verify hypothesis

Applydevelop models

Test models (inout of sample)

Save results draw graphs

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Compute results

Statistic tools

MS Excel

SPSS

EViewsR

MATLAB

USER

FRIENDLY

General

Purpose

CODE

Specific

toolboxes

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Wrapping up

Lit Review

Articles

Table withideas

Database

Raw data

Data sources

Results

Numbers

Tables

Graphs (high quality)

Templates

from selected journals

Article folder

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Selecting a journal

bull Check that your article would fit with

the Aims amp Scope of the journal

bull Check whether the journal is by invitation

only ndash some journals only publish invited

articles

bull Check that the publication options of the

journal meet your needs (ISI BDI)

bull SUBMIT ONLY TO ONE JOURNAL

AT A TIME

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Selecting a journal

bull Check the Guide for Authors-types of

articles published acceptable language

and article length

bull Read the abstracts of recent publications

to find current hot topics

bull Articles in your References section may

also lead to the right journal

bull Use automated abstract matching tools

(only if you have already an abstract)

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Selecting a journal- International

Review Speed

The average number of weeks it takes for an

article to pass through the review process for this

journal We have selected two key points

1 From manuscript submission to the initial

decision on the article

2 From manuscript submission to the final

decision to accept

Impact factor

It is a measure of the number

of times an average paper in a

particular journal is cited

during the preceding two

years

ISI Journals larr HOT LINK

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Selecting a journal- Romania

bull Romanian ISI Jornals-

Economicsbull AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC

bull ECONOMIC COMPUTATION

AND ECONOMIC

CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND

RESEARCH

bull REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI

INTERVENTIE SOCIALA

bull ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF

ECONOMIC FORECASTING

bull TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES

bull Romanian BDI (B+)

Journals

REBS

CES Working Papers

ECTAP

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Add your text in here

Add your text in here

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Article structure

Title

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusions

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Hot Tip

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

New article structure

Literaturereview

Methods

Results

Introduction

Conclusions

Abstract

Fancy title

Referencelist

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Literature review

2 Reasons

Not re-inventing the

wheel

Position yourcurrent

research

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Structure of LR

Introduction

bull Generalization

bull Widely known information

bull OR

bull State controversy

Main body

bull Presentpreviousworks

bull Choose an order

bull Use linkages

Endingremarks

bull Summarisethe mainfindings

bull Position yourpaper

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Examples

bull In the last two or three decades the emphasis put on the

process of economic globalization has shifted the

analysisrsquo focus towards an international level

bull The international literature focused mainly on analyzing

the GDP as an absolute variable or as a growth rate

(Krolzig 2003) (Li amp Liu 2004) and its connections with

hellip proposed by Frankel and Rose (1998) further

developed by Imbs (2004)

bull As a general remark the IL considers that the complex

process of economic globalization should bring a higher

degree of business cycles synchronization

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Good vs Bad

bull Remember the

purpose

bull Read about purpose

bull Write within the

purpose

bull Try to read everything

bull Read but not write

bull Not keeping

bibliographic

information

bull Try to include almost

everything

bull Give to many details

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

A PHRASE IN NEED

A FRIEND INDEED

httpwwwphrasebankmanche

steracuksourceshtm

Google search - phrasebank

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

GENERAL RULE

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Methodology and or methods

Methodology

bull The study of a

single or multiple

methods

Methods

bull Ways instruments

procedures

employed to

complete the

research objectives

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Empirical approach

1bull Population Sample

2

bull Data

bull Variables

3bull Methods

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Population and Sample

bull ldquoThe research

population is

represented by all

the European

states rdquo

bull ldquo out of which we

have selected a

number of 24

European Union

members and 6

neighbouring

countries of the EUrdquo

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Very very important

Mention if you have excluded

a number of entities from the

sample and motivate why

bull ldquoSome entities were deliberately excluded

from this analysis either on lack of relevant

data or a very different economical situation

leading to outliersrdquo

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Data and variables

Source

Description

of data

Mention the

calculus method

Data Variables

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Data and datum

Datum = noun singular form

Data = noun plural form

DATAS - Pieces of Data

Do not try to

dribble the

English grammar

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Methods section

bull Explain how you have studied the research hypotheses

issues problems etc

bull Identify and structure logically the procedures employed

New method

bull Give precise and correct details

Previously published method

bull Name and cite it

Mathematical method

bull Include the formula

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Results amp Discussions

bull Present results in a clear logical

sequence

bull Link findings to the aim of the article

bull WHATrsquoS NEW

bull Discuss findings by reffering to existing

literature

bull Possible implications

bull Also report uncertainties

bull DO NOT SPECULATE JUST REPORT

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Results amp Discussions

bull Use tables and figures to support your arguments

bull Provide captions and legends for all your figures and tables

bull Use measure units where appropriate

bull NEVER USE RAW DATA

bull Be parsimonious about tables and figures

bull Never duplicate (same information both in table and in figure)

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Results- Statistical issues

1 Descriptive analysis of the variables and

checking assumptions- to check for correctness of the data

- to acquire a feel for the raw data so that you recognize unusual

outcomes in your results

- to check whether the assumptions of the main analysis technique

have been fulfilled to a reasonable level

- to detect and explain of missing data or subjects with unusual

data

Dependent variables Independent

variables

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Reporting statistics

bull MeanStandard

Deviation and

percentages are most

clearly presented in

parenthesesldquoThe sample as a whole was

relatively young (M = 1922 SD =

345)rdquo ƒ

bull Never report the

significance level as

p =0000 correct is

p lt0001

bull Chi-square -degrees

of freedom and

sample size in

parentheses followed

by chi-square statistic

(round to two decimal

places) and the

significance level

bull ldquoThe proportion of older male

teachers was 086 whereas the

proportion of younger male

teachers was 052 This difference

is significant (2 N = 167) =

2201 p lt 01rdquo

2

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Reporting statistics

bull Correlations are

reported with their

degrees of freedom

(N-2) in parentheses

together with the

significance level in

this way

bull ldquoThe two variables were strongly

correlated r(55) =49 p lt01rdquo

bull ƒ t Tests are reported

with the degrees of

freedom in

parentheses followed

by the t statistic

(rounded to two

decimal places) and

the significance level

bull ldquoThere was a significant effect for

gender t(54) = 543 p lt001 with

men receiving higher scores than

womenrdquo

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Reporting statistics

bull Regression results are often best

presented in a table

bull Include the standardized slope (beta)

along with the t-test and the corresponding

significance level

bull ldquoSocial support significantly predicted depression scores beta= -34 t(225)

= 653 p lt01 Social support also explained a significant proportion of

variance in depression scores R2 =12 F(1 225) = 4264 p lt01 rdquo

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Remove grid lines

bull Make sure everything

lines up

bull Keep a reasonable

number of significant

figures

bull Leave out

unnecessary info

Figures

bull Line Graphs-Used to

show trends over

time age

bull Bar Graphs- Used to

compare groups at

one time point

bull Scatter Plots- Used to

show relationships

between two

variables

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Tables and figures- Example

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Tables and figures

Do-s

bull Labeling

bull Numbering

bull Positioning

bull In-text referencing

bull Larger tables and

figuresmdashplace large

tables or figures in the

appendices

Donrsquot-s

bull Dont restructure data

from an information

source into another

format

bull Dont give extensive

descriptions in your

writing of the contents

of a table or diagram

The information in a

table or diagram tells

its own story

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Insights regarding the

Introduction

Comunicates thereseach area

The authorrsquos position

Create the RESEARCH

SPACE

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Short structure

bull Establish a territory ndash identify the research topic1

bull Identify a niche ndash issues gaps dilemmas that demand attention

2

bull State what your paper is going to address3

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Suggested structure

Ibull Generalization about the topic

II

bull Short insights regarding the topic and or concepts (definitions debates academic conflicts)

IIIbull Find the research issue or gap

IV bull State very clearly the purpose

Vbull Structure of the article

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

GENERALIZATION ABOUT THE

TOPIC

ldquoConsidered to be one of the most important

contemporary phenomena by the national and

international literature globalization represents

a key research issue within in the academic

fieldrdquo

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

SHORT INSIGHTS REGARDING THE

TOPIC AND OR CONCEPTS

ldquoUsed as a term for the first time in 1983 in order to

(citation) globalization can be perceived as rdquo

The literature on business cycles acknowledges two

types of cycles the ldquoclassicalrdquo cycle as defined by hellip

(citation) and the one based on deviations or growths

where the underlying idea is that hellip (citation) ldquo

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

FIND THE RESEARCH ISSUE OR

GAP

ldquoThe main challenge that globalization puts forward

is that of finding alternative methods that can evaluate

its impact on the international economy

an analysis based on the idea that business cycles

synchronization represents a direct effect of

globalization offers the possibility to better grasp the

nature and dynamics of these vast processesrdquo

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

State very clearly the purpose

bull The present study seeks to

address the following questions

Are there pieces of evidence

regarding the synchronization

of business cycles between

the G7 countries and if this

is proved to be true

Can these seven countries be

considered the promoters of

economic globalization

This paper aims to estimate the synchronization of business cycles

perceived as an effect of globalization on the basis of the relationship

that exists between the growth rate of the GDP and inflows and

outflows of foreign direct investments (FDI) considered as percentage

of the GDP

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Tips for writing the

Conclusions

bull Conclusions = the summing-up of an

argument or text

bull From the verb to conclude = to bring or

come to an end to sum up

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Suggested structure

I

bull General assessment of the topic

bull Link to the purpose of the paper

II

bull Short and concise remarks regarding the findings

III

bull Contributions of the study

IV

bull Limitations of the research

bull Future research directions

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE TOPIC amp

LINK TO THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER

ldquoBoth globalization and business cycles are elusive economical

phenomena hence they represents a continuous research puzzle

for the academic community and an inexhaustible source of

possible inquiriesrdquo

ldquoThe main purpose of the research was to assess the business

cycle synchronization patterns inside the G7 in order to better

grasp the transformations that hellipldquo

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

SHORT AND CONCISE REMARKS

REGARDING THE FINDINGS

ldquoThe study has showed that in general hellip One of the

more important findings that emerge from the research

is fact that hellipThe second major finding is that hellip thus it

highlights the cases of hellip previously discussed It can

also be said that helliprdquo

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

ldquoThe contribution of the research founded on the

existence of resides in the explanation of and

also the Another implication of the present paper is

that it highlights the importance rdquo

ldquoThe novelty of the study is the use the ltlt X gtgt method

in order to study the helliprdquo

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

LIMITATIONS amp FUTURE RESEARCH

DIRECTIONS

ldquoThe future directions of study

will aim to enlarge the sample

and employ if possible

additional variables and

quarterly datardquo

ldquoThe limitations of the research

derive from therdquo

bull sample size

bull variables employed

bull types of data (annual

quarterly etc)

bull methods

bull time span

Connection with the future study

direction

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Abstract

bull Summarizes the research and the conclusions

bull Is your advertisment = rdquoSellsrdquo your work

bull 50-300 words (200 typical length) (Refer to

author guidelines)

bull Stand-alone (NO references)

bull Indicates usefulness

bull Targets the audience

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Writing the abstract-Long version

Originalityvalue

Research limitationsimplications

Findings

Designmethodologyapproach

Purpose

bullBased on the Emerald Structured Abstract

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Writing the abstract-Short version

The Findings

The Arguments

The Purpose

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Fancy title

bull Academic Titles Have Three Parts

bull (A) A catchy hook that introduces the

paper in a creative way

bull (B) Specific keywords that identify the

concepts the scholar will be exploring

bull (C) The location where those keywords

will be explored

bull 8-15 words

bull Main themeresearch topic research

design + population + geographical area

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Fancy title- Examples

bull Globalization versus Segregation-Business Cycles

Synchronization in Europe

bull Is trade a vector of business cycles synchronization A

Fuzzy Cluster Approach of Globalization

bull Leaders and Followers in the Business Cycle Game A

Case Study of the G7

bull Hard or fuzzy clusters in assessing business cycle

transmission

bull The reverse alchemy of the business cycle

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

References section

In-text citations

All the cited

works compose

the Reference

List

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Types of in-text citation

bull Varies from

Journal to Journal

bull Always check the

Authorrsquos

Guidelines

bull MS Office offers

APA

Harvard

Chicago

IEEE (reference order)

ISO 690 (Numerical

reference)

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Includes only the

works cited in the

paper

Contains papers

read not

necessary cited

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

What makes good writing

Having something

to say

Logical thinking

A few simple

learnable rules of

style

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Writing- Tips and tricks

Read pay attention and imitate

Talk about your research before trying to write about it

Stop waiting for ldquoinspirationrdquo

Revise Nobody gets it perfect on the first try

Learn how to cut ruthlessly Never become too attached to your words

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Drop the balast

bull 1 Cut unnecessary words and phrases

bull 2 Write with verbs use strong verbs

avoid turning verbs into nouns and donrsquot

bury the main verb

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

The BAD Writing Contest

bull The move from a structuralist account in which capital is

understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous

ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to

repetition convergence and rearticulation brought the question of

temporality into the thinking of structure and marked a shift from a

form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent

possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of

hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of

the rearticulation of power

bull Butlerrsquos Diacritics (1997)

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Balast to drop-Examples

1 Dead weight words and

phrases

bull As it is well known

bull As it has been shown

bull It can be regarded that

bull It should be emphasized

that

2 Empty words and

phrases

bull methodologic

bull important

3 Long words or phrases

that could be short

4 Unnecessary jargon

and acronyms

5 Repetitive words or

phrases

6 Adverbs

bull very really quite

basically generally etc

Substitute damn every time

youre inclined to write very

your editor will delete it and the

writing will be just as it should

be(Mark Twain)

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Active vs Passive voice

Passive voice (Was done)

bull For previous studies

bull Literature reviewActive voice (I We did)

bull For new exciting own results

bull Original research

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Verbs make the World go round

Donrsquot turn verbs into

nouns

Donrsquot bury the

main verb

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Writing Environment

bull MS Word

bull Developed for average

users

bull WYSIWYG

bull Auto references

bull Thesaurus

bull LaTeX

bull Developed for

profesionals

bull Requires learning the

syntax

bull Latex makes difficult

things easy and easy

things very difficult

bull Prefered by publishers

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

LaTeX

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Tables and figures

Tables

bull Most journals use three

horizontal lines one

above the column

headings one below the

column headings and

one below the data

bull Follow journal guidelines

bull DO NOT copy-paste

result tables directly from

software

Figures

bull Visual impact

bull Show trends and patterns

bull Tell a quick story

bull Tell the whole story

bull Highlight a particular

result

bull Always provide caption

bull Use high resolution (1000

dpi BampW 300 dpi color)

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Tables-Examples

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Figures- Examples

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Final draft check-list

bull Check for consistency

bull Check for numerical consistencybull Do the numbers in your abstract match the numbers in your

tablesfigurestext

bull Do the numbers in the text match those in the tablesfigures

bull Do the numbers in each tablefigure match those in other tablesfigures

bull Check your references style

bull Check your overall style

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Submission information

bull Authorship

This can be a point of contention when

writing in groups so establish

expectations for roles and responsibilities

early in the writing process

bull Permissions and Approvals

bull permissions for reprinting copyrighted

material

bull Ethical Considerations

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Plagiarism amp Self- plagiarism

bull Passing off other

peoplersquos writing (or

tables and figures) as

your own

bull cutting and pasting

sentences or even

phrases from another

source

bull slightly rewriting or re-

arranging othersrsquo

words

Recycling your own

writing or data

bull Copying or only

slightly rewriting text

from your own

published papers

bull Adding new data to

already published

data and presenting it

as new results

Submitting identical or overlapping data to multiple journals

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Submission checklist

bull Keywords

bull JEL Codes

bull All figure captions

bull All tables (including title description)

bull Manuscript has been spell-checked and grammar-

checked

bull References are in the correct format for this journal

bull All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited

in the text and vice versa

bull Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted

material from other sources (including the Web)

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Cover letter

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Put the puzzle together

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

LOGO

Thank You

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom

Bibliography

bull Jaba E (2002) Statistica Editura Economică București

bull Day A amp Peters A D (1996) How to get research published in journals Aldershot

Gower

bull Academic Writing and Research Skills Workshop Mancester University

bull APA Research Style Crib Sheet by Professor Russ Dewey amp Dr Abel Scribe PhD -

Fall 2007

bull Writing Articles for Peer-Review Publications A Quick Reference Guide

bull Chin B (2004) How to write a great research paper John Wiley amp Sons

bull Pieter M Kroonenberg (2007)How to write an article Leiden University

bull Daniel P J Soule Lucy Whiteley and Shona McIntosh Writing for Scholarly

Journals eSharp

bull Stephen E Dew (2013)The 5 Step Essay Writing Process

bull Kristin Sainani Writing in the Sciences Stanford University

bull httpwebupaczasitefilesfile40753writing_an_academic_journal_articlepdf

bull Sebastian-Florian Enea Silvia Palașcă Claudiu Țigănaș (2013) G7 COUNTRIES ndash

ADVOCATES OF THE GLOBAL BUSINESS CYCLE GEBA 2013 Iași

bull Enea Sebastian (2013) EVALUATING GLOBALIZATION BY MEANS OF FUZZY

CLUSTER ANALYSIS IE Bucharest

bull Oxford Dictionary httpwwwoxforddictionariescom