CLOUD
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Transcript of CLOUD
![Page 1: CLOUD](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56813627550346895d9d9e80/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CLOUDDemystifying
the
Jesse DunietzSASS Talk
A Survey of Cloud Computing
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Cloud service = unified-looking, network-accessible resource pool
Cloud service looks like single, locale-independent entity
Room for on-demand increase of resources
Large, homogeneous resource pool
Self-monitoring for provider and consumer
Ubiquitous access over network
On-demand self-service
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The central ideas of CC are not new.• The grand vision: J.C.R. Licklider’s “intergalactic
computer network” (1963)• Utility computing
• “If computers of the kind I have advocated become the computers of the future, then computing may someday be organized as a public utility just as the telephone system is a public utility…The computer utility could become the basis of a new and important industry.”
--John McCarthy (1961)
• Mainframes desktop computing utility/cloud
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Grid computing: an intermediate step• Grid is “a system that:
• coordinates resources that are not subject to centralized control
• using standard, open, general-purpose protocols and interfaces
• to deliver nontrivial qualities of service” (--Ian Foster)• Distributed, parallelised computation• Loosely coupled• Extension of clustering• Computing as accessible as the electric grid• E.g. Folding@Home, SETI@Home (BOINC)
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Grid computing: an intermediate step
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Recent years have seen an explosion of cloud-like services.
• 1999: salesforce.com
• 2002: Amazon Web Services
• 2005: Zoho Office
• 2006: Amazon EC2
• 2007: Gmail/Google Apps
• 2009: Chrome OS announced
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Recent years have seen an explosion of cloud-like services.
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Cloud computing depends on many recent software technologies.• Late 1990’s: widespread broadband Internet
• Late 1990’s: OS virtualisation
• Xen hypervisor developed at Cambridge CL!
• 2005-2006: Intel/AMD offer hardware-assisted virtualization
• Server farm management (scaling)
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“As a service” (XaaS) is the new computing paradigm.
InfrastructurePlatformSoftware
Google Docs,Photoshop ExpressJ2EE, Google App Engine
Amazon EC2, GoGrid,Microsoft Azure
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Cloud deployments come in all shapes and sizes.
• Private cloud• Public cloud
• e.g. Amazon
• Community cloud• e.g.
http://www.scienceclouds.org
• Hybrid
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CC has obstacles, but offers many benefits.
Disadvantages
Privacy
Reliability
Migration
Legal issues
Account security
Lock-in (loss of control)
Advantages
Cost savings
HW/OS independence ([S|I]aaS)
Server security
“Thin” clients for wimpy devices
Update speed
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New uses for cloud technology are constantly popping up.
• Rich web applications• Computing as a utility (IaaS)• New “back office”
functionality applications• E.g. Apple Push
Notification Service• Anywhere, anytime
computing
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Not everyone’s head is in the clouds.
• A few treasures from Richard Stallman:• “[The] term [‘cloud computing’] is too nebulous to refer to anything in
particular. If it has any meaning, it can only be, ‘Don't pay attention to who controls your data or your computing. Just trust every company.’”
• “The issue I've raised is about a more specific kind of scenario: Software as a Service. We can avoid it, and avoiding it is the only way to maintain our freedom.”
• Another from Oracle CEO Larry Ellison:• Cloud computing has been defined as “everything that we currently do” and
will have no effect except to “change the wording on some of our ads”
• Recent outages reduced trust in reliability• Greenpeace has complained about energy usage
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CC is still full of unsolved problems.
• Interoperability, generic design blueprint
• Making sporadic self-healing converge on consistency• Formal models for “loose
coupling” vs. brokenness
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“Everything we think of as a computer today is really just a device that connects to the big computer that we are all collectively building.”
-- Tim O’Reilly, CEO, O’Reilly Media