Clinical Pharmacology Hormonal Therapy

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Clinical Pharmacology

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Mohanad AlBayatiMohanad AbdulSattar Ali Al-Bayati, BVM&S, MS. Physiology, PhD.

Assistant Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology

College of Veterinary Medicine

University of Baghdad

Al-Ameria, Baghdad

Phone: 0964 7700766550

E. Mail: [email protected]

[email protected]

Hormonal Therapy
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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2 Clinical Pharmacology

Hormonal HomeostasisThe coordinated Physiological Processes

which maintain most of the steady states

in the organism are so complex and so

peculiar to living beings that I have

suggested a special designation for these

states, homeostasis. The word dose not

imply something immobile, a stagnation;

it mean a condition which may vary, but

which is relatively constant


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Hormonal ClassMajor SourceHormoneChemical Class

Molec

ularweight

30k

dorless

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4Clinical Pharmacology

Major SourceHormoneChemical Class

Hormonal Class

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Hormonal Class

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Hormonal Class

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Hormonal Class


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Hormonal Class


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Clinical PharmacologyEndocrine and Hormone

Greek: Endocrine mean to separate within

Hormone mean I exciteNon reproductive veterinary endocrinology

Recently, Increase awareness of the endocrine disorder

Endocrine disorders appear to be involved in about

10% - 20% of medical disease on small animals

Largely been based on studies in large animal species


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Clinical PharmacologyThe Action of a Hormone at its Target Site is Dependent Upon Nine General Factor


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Feedback Control of The Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

Clinical PharmacologyContinue


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Variation in Chemical Communication With an Animal

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Feedback control Hormonal Homeostasis


Endocrine system that a balanced state of feedback regulation

be maintained among the various glands in order to maintain

Homeostasis

Direct and indirect Feedback control

1. Ultra short loop

2. Short loop

3. Long loop

Chemical Regulator

1. Paracrain

2. Neurocraine and neuroendocraine

3. Endocraine

4. Paracraine5. Autocraine


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Ligands Working intracellular Messenger Pathways

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Receptors Working and Short comes1. High affinity: strong tendency , Small number of hormone.2. High specificity: little tendency to bind other molecules

3. Low capacity: all receptor sites can be occupied (saturated)

low hormone concentration.

i. Down regulation:

ii. Prolonged hormonal exposure. Desensitized

iii. Destroyed after endocytosisiv. Internalized and remain stored in intracellular vesicales

v. Remain on the cell surface but bind hormone inappropriately

vi. Receptor-Hormones complexes; induce sub-optimal responese


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Cell receptors Cross-Communication and Drugs disorders Intracellular receptor ligand Second messenger communication

Inter-Receptor talker

Hormonal communication disorders

Clinical Pharmacology Hormonal Therapy

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