Climate Change – what the Automotive - United Nations · Battery Pump Engine Driving Accelerating...

BMW GroupTraffic and EnvironmentSeptember 2007

Climate Change – what the Automotive Industry can do.

Dr. Klaus ScheuererRepresentative of the Board for Traffic and Environment.


Page: 2


CO2 Emissions – a Challenge for the Automotive Industry.

The BMW WayShort and mid term: Optimisation of existing Technologies.

Long term: Hydrogen.

Summary and Conclusion.


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Global Anthropogenic CO2-Emissions. Private Road Transport covers 7 %.

Sources: IPCC Fourth Assessment Report, WG III, 2007. World Business Council for Sustainable Development, 2004.

Power-/Heat Plants

27 %

7 % Cars

Private households,Small enterprises

9 %

Deforestation22 %

Industry25 %

2004: 37 Gt CO2

4 % Road haulage1 % Busses0,5 % Motorcycles

0,5 % Railway2 % Air traffic

2 % Ship

Transport17 %


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Global Anthropogenic CO2-Emissions. Power-/Heat-Plants and Deforestation with highest Increase.

Source: IPCC Fourth Assessment Report, WG III, 2007. Values are rounded.

Power-/Heat Plants

Transport

Households, Small Enterprises

Deforestation

Industry

7,2 + 45 %

4,8 + 29 %

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

3,2 0 %

8,2 + 11 %

5,6 + 45 %

Year 1990 Year 2004

Data in Gt CO2


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Climate Change – what the Automotive Industry can do.The Triple “S” Strategy

• Increased Efficiency• Lightweight Construction• Aerodynamics• Energy Management

• 2nd Generation Bio-Fuels

Long-term: - Substitute carbon-containing fuels

Midterm:- Supplement existing fuels

Shortterm:- Save Energy

Time Horizon: Action:

• H2 • electrical Energy


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The BMW Way.Short-, mid- and long-term Solutions.

2006 > 2020

Short-term

Long-term

Mid-term

Lightweightconstruction

Drive technologies

Energy Management,Electrificationof the power-train

Hydrogen Vehicles


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A Variety of Control-Levers to provide short- and mid-term Solutions.

Improvement of existing drive technologies

Lightweight construction,

Aerodynamics

Electrificationof the power-train

Energymanagement


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Thermal Energy

ElectricalEnergy

HydraulicEnergy

PneumaticEnergy

MechanicalEnergy

Functions

PrimaryEnergy

PrimaryEnergyConverter

SecondaryEnergyStorage

SecondaryEnergyConverter

PumpBattery

Engine Driving

Accelerating

Cushioning

Springing

Heating

Cooling

Braking

Steering

Eng. Cooling

...

Mid-term: Intelligent Energy Management. Example: Brake Energy Regeneration.

Fuel

Air

Compressor

ElectricalMotor


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Thermal Energy

ElectricalEnergy

HydraulicEnergy

PneumaticEnergy

MechanicalEnergy

Functions

PrimaryEnergy

PrimaryEnergyConverter

SecondaryEnergyStorage

SecondaryEnergyConverter

Pump

Compressor

ElectricalMotor

Engine Driving

Accelerating

Cushioning

Springing

Heating

Cooling

Braking

Steering

Eng. Cooling

...

Mid-term: Intelligent Energy Management.Example: Electric assisted Driving and Steering.

Fuel

Air

Reduction of consumption

Battery


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Electrification of Drive-trains is not enough to reach the Targets: ZEV and CO2 Neutrality.

CO2 free

- 12 %

- 20 %

100 %

-3 to

- 15 %

4 valve,BMW Bi-Vanos

Hybrid & Energy Management

BMW CleanEnergy

BMW VALVETRONIC

BMW High Precision Injection

Intelligent management of energy flows


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Possible Types of Energy for Passenger Cars.From Primary Energy to Fuel.

Propane/Butane

MethaneBattery power

HydrogenDiesel

Ethanol

Petrol

Seed oil

Methanol

Exhaustible energy Renewable energy

Petroleum, Natural Gas, Coal Nuclear fuel Solar irraditation, Hydro-electric power, Wind power

Bio-mass

Electricity


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Efficient dynamics:

- efficiency

- power output

- weight/volume

- Near Zero Emissions

- cost efficient engine production

- open issue: H2 storage

BMW CleanEnergy: H2 ICE. Targets H2 Powertrain Development.


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100 %Limit0.1 g/km 1.0 g/km 0.08 g/km

EU4 NEDC

< 1.0 % < 1.0 % 2.0 %

HC CO NOx

Europe

Limited Emissions.The BMW Hydrogen 7 is the cleanest BMW Car.

0.01 g/mi 1.0 g/mi 0.02 g/mi

SULEV II FTP 75

< 1.0 % < 1.0 %

30 %Hydrogen 7bifuel

10 %Hydrogen 7 monofuel

NOxNMOG CO

USA / Canada

100 %Limit


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BMW CleanEnergy.Strategic Alliances.

H2

Supply Industry

Energy- and Mineral Oil- industry

R & D Institutions

Public authorities/ Politics

Automotive Industry

Gas-/ HydrogenIndustry


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Pioneering the H2-Infrastructure. In Europe, USA and Japan.

H2Win

Environmental Protection Agency/ DaimlerChrysler/ UPS (Michigan)

FreedomCAR/FreedomFUEL

CUTE Clean Urban Transport for

Europe & ECTOS Ecological City

Transport System & STEP

SINERGY (Singapore)

Lighthouse Projekte(EU)

NEDO

HyLights

JHFCJapan Hydrogen

and Fuel Cell Demonstration

Project

Fleet operators/ Prototypes

TESTransport Energy

Strategy

CEPClean Energy Partnership

China

HyWays

Californian Hyway

Californian Fuel Cell Partnership

DOEDepartment of

Energy

H2argemuc


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Climate Change – what the Automotive Industry can do.Summary and Conclusion.There is a variety of control-levers to provide short- and mid-term solutions: from lightweight construction to electrification of drive-trains. However, these are not enough to reach the targets: ZEV and CO2 neutrality.

Hydrogen offers diversity of primary energy and flexibility in application.

Hydrogen from renewable energy has the highest potential to substitute fossil fuels.

Hydrogen from renewable energy is carbon free, but also most expensive.

Consensus and co-operation between all stakeholders is required: industries, politics and society.


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The Hydrogen Circle.Conclusion.

Production of Hydrogen from unlimited available sources

Distributionand Refuelling

Utilization and technology of Hydrogen

H2

A closedcircle

Climate Change – what the Automotive - United Nations · Battery Pump Engine Driving Accelerating...

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