Climate change implications for fisheries and the role of ... · Economy Impacts on: Species...
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Climate change implications for marine fisheries and the role of the ecosystem approach to fisheries as support to climate change adaptation Tarub Bahri & Merete Tandstad FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
Transcript of Climate change implications for fisheries and the role of ... · Economy Impacts on: Species...
Climate change implications for marine fisheries and the role of the ecosystem approach to fisheries as
support to climate change adaptation
Tarub Bahri & Merete Tandstad
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
10 to 12 % World populationdepend on the fisheries and aquaculture sector
±3 billion rely on fish as a source of animal
protein
+40 billion USD fishery net export revenue
Developing countries earn more revenue from fish exports than meat,
tobacco, rice and sugar combined
Facts and figures
Biophysical changes
from Global warming
& GHG
accumulations
Ocean currents
ENSO
Sea level rise
Thermal structure
Storm Severity
Storm frequency
Acidification
Effects on:
Production
Ecology
Fishing operations
Communities
Livelihoods
Wider society &
Economy
Impacts on:
Species composition
Distribution
Yield
Diseases
Coral bleaching
Calcification
Safety & efficiency
Infrastructure
Loss/damage to assets
Risk to health & life
Displacement & conflict
Adaptation & mitigation costs
Market impacts
Examples of climate change impacts on fisheries
Modified from Badjeck et al, 2010
Predicted effects on fisheries’ catch potential and the need for adaptation
Where is Adaptation needed most?
© IPCC AR5
Preparing and responding to the impacts: adaptation to climate change through broader vulnerability reduction
Ecological, Economic and Social Resilience
• Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries and Aquaculture (implementation of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries)
• Ex. of management measures: livelihood diversification, flexible access rights, public and private insurance, technological innovation
• Policy coherence across sectors (water, agriculture, forestry, CZM, DRR/DRM) planned adaptation
Angola
Institutional Adaptations• Incorporating uncertainty in management frameworks• Flexible seasonal rights• Mechanisms for redistribution of rights among neighboring municipalities• Temporal and spatial planning• Transboundary stock management
Livelihood Adaptations• Diversify patterns of fishing • Diversify livelihoods • Improve quality: ecolabelling, post-harvest losses. • Investing in aquaculture• Sharing of property and risks among members of communities
Resilience/ Risk reduction • Reinforcing natural barriers• Improving safety at sea • Integrating fisheries in disaster risk management frameworks• Designing coast zones that permit movement of fish along with SLR• Enhance insurance provision
IN C
OO
RD
INA
TED
MA
NN
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What is EAF?
• Framework for Fisheries Management
• Holistic• Participatory• Based on three pillars of sustainability
• Reykjavik Conference• WSSD implementation plan
• Can be used in different context• national and regional• inputs to cross-sectoral approaches or
EBA
”An Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries strives to balance diverse societal objectives, by taking account of the knowledge and uncertaintiesabout biotic, abiotic and human components of ecosystems and their interactions and applying an integrated approach to fisheries within ecologically meaningful boundaries.”
Definition and key features of EAF
Basic Objectives:
Maintaining ecosystem integrity / ecological well being
Improving human well-being and equity
Promoting/enabling good governance
Co
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ltat
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wit
h s
take
ho
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1. Initiation and PlanningScoping and Baseline Information
Broad Objectives
2. Identify and prioritize IssuesComponent TreesRisk Assessment
3. Develop Management SystemSet Operational Objectives
Select IndicatorsEvaluation/Selection of Mgmt Options
4. Implement and MonitorExecute Operational Plan
Formalize Management PlanReview Performance
Report and Communicate
1 year
5-10 years
Be
st a
vaila
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kn
ow
led
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EAF process: Issue Identification
Mananagement Unit
Ability to Achieve
Stocks
Non retainedspecies
GeneralEcosystem
Community
National
Governance
External Factors
EcologicalWellbeing
Human Wellbeing
Regional
• Each category is further unpacked into sub-categories to serve as guidance• The issues are evaluated in relation to agreed objectives and values • Prioritization is carried out through risk assessment• Towards a systemic approach
Climate Change
EAF: Opportunities to support climate change adaptation
Use of the outcomes of the EAF processes in different context and settings, incl. for ecosystem based adaptation
EAF process will:
identify key issues including in relation to climate change impacts
Formulate necessary management measures to undertake across the three pillars of sustainability
including actions needed to ensure that the system or the people adapt to climate change.
http://www.fao.org/fishery/eaf-net/toolbox/en
