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Transcript of Click on a lesson name to select. Chapter 30 Mammals Section 1: Mammalian Characteristics Section 2:...
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Chapter 30 Mammals
Section 1: Mammalian Characteristics
Section 2: Diversity of Mammals
Hair and Mammary Glands
Two characteristics that distinguish members of class Mammalia from other vertebrate animals are hair and mammary glands.
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
MammalsChapter 30
Functions of Hair
1. Insulation
Mammals
2. Camouflage
3. Sensory devices
4. Waterproofing
5. Signaling
6. Defense
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Other Characteristics
Endothermy
Mammals
Source of body heat is internal.
Heat is produced by a high metabolic rate.
Body temperature is regulated by internal feedback mechanisms.
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Feeding and Digestion
Daily intake of food is used to generate heat to maintain a constant body temperature.
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Visualizing the Digestive Systems of Mammals
Trophic Categories
1. Insectivores
Mammals
2. Herbivores
3. Carnivores
4. Omnivores
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Teeth
Reveal the life habits of a mammal
Mammals
Carnivores use canines to stab and premolars to slice and shear meat.
Incisors of insectivores are long and curved, functioning as pincers in seizing insect prey.
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Excretion
Kidneys excrete or retain the proper amount of water in body fluids.
Mammals
Enables mammals to live in extreme environments
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Mammals
Respiration
High levels of oxygen are required to maintain a high level of metabolism.
Mammals
Mammals are the only animals that have a diaphragm.
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Circulation
Mammals require a consistent supply of nutrients and oxygen to maintain homeostasis.
Mammals
Keeping oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate makes the delivery of nutrients and oxygen more efficient.
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
The Brain and Senses Mammals have highly developed brains.
Mammals
Cerebral cortex is responsible for coordinating conscious activities, memory, and the ability to learn.
Cerebellum is responsible for balance and coordinating movement.
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Complex Behavior
Senses
Mammals
The importance of the senses varies from one group of mammals to the next.
Glands A system of glands secretes a variety of
fluids that helps to regulate a mammal’s internal environment.
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Reproduction
In mammals, the egg is fertilized internally.
Mammals
Development of the embryo takes place in the female uterus.
Movement
Mammals must find food, shelter, and escape from predators.
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Mammal Classification
Monotremes
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Mammals
Marsupials
Placental mammals
Chapter 30
Mammals
Monotremes
Reproduce by laying eggs
Duck-billed platypus
EchidnaEchidna
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Chapter 30
Marsupials
Very short period of development in the uterus
Mammals
Crawl into a pouch made of skin and hair and continue development while being nourished by milk from the mother’s mammary glands
Kangaroo
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Chapter 30
Placental Mammals
Give birth to young that do not need further development within a pouch
Mammals
Represented by 18 orders
Shrew
Humpback whale
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Chapter 30
Evolution of Mammals
Mammals
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Chapter 30
Therapsids
A therapsid is an extinct vertebrate with both mammalian and reptilian features.
Mammals
Pair of holes in the roof of the skull that allowed for the attachment of jaw muscles
Limbs positioned beneath their bodies
Might have been endotherms
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Chapter 30
Mammals
Chapter Resource Menu
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Formative Test Questions
Chapter Assessment Questions
Standardized Test Practice
biologygmh.com
Glencoe Biology Transparencies
Image Bank
Vocabulary
AnimationClick on a hyperlink to view the corresponding lesson.
Chapter 30
Name the term that refers to a mammal’s ability to produce heat internally.
A. endoderm
B. endothermy
C. ectoderm
D. ectothermy
Mammals
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Chapter 30
What classification of mammals reproduces by laying eggs?
A. marsupial
B. placental mammal
C. monotreme
D. therapsid
Mammals
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Chapter 30
A mammal’s period of gestation refers to what?
A. amount of time the young stays with its herd
B. amount of time the young stays in the uterus
C. amount of time the young drinks its mother’smilk
D. amount of time for the young to matureenough to reproduce
Mammals
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Chapter 30
Which characteristics distinguish mammals from other vertebrates?
A. kidneys and a cloaca
B. mammary glands and hair
C. a high metabolic rate and limbs
D. a four-chambered heart and endothermy
Mammals
30.1 Formative Questions
Chapter 30
What is the tough, fibrous protein that makes up hair, nails, claws, and hooves?
A. urea
B. keratin
C. cellulose
D. collagen
Mammals
30.1 Formative Questions
Chapter 30
What is the source of body heat for mammals?
A. hibernation
B. insulation
C. metabolism
D. respiration
Mammals
30.1 Formative Questions
Chapter 30
Which part of the brain is more highly developed in mammals than in otheranimals?
A. cerebrum
B. hypothalamus
C. medulla
D. optic lobe
Mammals
30.1 Formative Questions
Chapter 30
What is a group of cells that secretes fluid to be used elsewhere in the body?
A. a bladder
B. a duct
C. a gland
D. an organ
Mammals
30.1 Formative Questions
Chapter 30
Which mammals have reptilian features, such as laying eggs?
A. cetaceans
B. marsupials
C. monotremes
D. sirenians
Mammals
30.2 Formative Questions
Chapter 30
Which mammals use their two pairs of razor-sharp incisor teeth to gnaw through wood, seed pods, or shells to get food?
A. artiodactyls
B. insectivores
C. lagomorphs
D. rodents
Mammals
30.2 Formative Questions
Chapter 30
Which animals are cetaceans?
Mammals
A. deer and goats
B. moles and shrews
C. dolphins and whales
D. manatees and dugongs
30.2 Formative Questions
Chapter 30
Why did mammals undergo extraordinary adaptations to the environment after the disappearance of dinosaurs?
Mammals
A. They had new niches available to them.
B. They were able to survive the ice age.
C. They were no longer prey to dinosaurs.
D. They no longer competed with dinosaurs.
30.2 Formative Questions
Chapter 30
True or False
The graph shows that large animals such as elephants have a high metabolic rate.
Mammals
Chapter Assessment Questions
Chapter 30
Select the mammal that is a member of the order Chiroptera.
A. hedgehog
B. ape
C. anteater
D. bat
Mammals
Chapter Assessment Questions
Chapter 30
Compare the digestive tracts of the deer and the fox. Infer why the deer’s digestive tract is so much longer.
Answer: It takes longer and is more difficultto digest plant material than meat.
Mammals
Chapter Assessment Questions
Chapter 30
Which animal eats the least amount of foodas a percentage of its body mass?
A. elephant
B. shrew
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter 30
Why is a high metabolic rate necessary for the shrew’s survival?
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter 30
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
A. Its body loses heat quickly.
B. It has a short digestive tract.
C. It carries out complex behavior.
D. It produces milk for its offspring.
Chapter 30
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter 30
How does a herbivore’s digestive tract compare to the digestive tract of this carnivore?
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter 30
An herbivore will have…
A. a shorter digestive tract and a smaller cecum.
B. a shorter digestive tract and a larger cecum.
C. a longer digestive tract and a larger cecum.
D. a longer digestive tract and a smaller cecum.
How do ruminants benefit from havingbacteria in their stomachs?
Mammals
A. They can be omnivorous.
B. They can digest meat.
C. They can filter urea.
D. They can process cellulose.
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter 30
Which teeth are more highly developed in a mountain lion?
Mammals
A. canines
B. incisors
C. molars
D. premolars
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter 30
What is believed to have caused the isolation of marsupials’ ancestors to Australia and nearby islands?
Mammals
A. adaptive radiation
B. continental drift
C. habitat destruction
D. reproductive isolation
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter 30
What competitive adaptive advantage do placental mammals have over marsupials?
Mammals
A. a more highly developed digestive system
B. a pair of holes in the roof of the skull
C. limbs positioned beneath their bodies
D. more highly evolved social behavior
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter 30
Glencoe Biology Transparencies
MammalsChapter 30
Image Bank
MammalsChapter 30
mammary gland
diaphragm
cerebral cortex
cerebellum
gland
uterus
placenta
gestation
Mammals
Vocabulary
Section 1
Chapter 30
monotreme
marsupial
placental mammal
therapsid
Mammals
Vocabulary
Section 2
Chapter 30
Mammals
Animation
Chapter 30
Visualizing the Digestive Systems of Mammals