Clean Technologies by Linde. - University of...

Clean Technologies by Linde.

Sheffield UniversityE-Futures conference

September 2012

22

Content

1 Company profile

3 Technology portfolio

4 Efficient extraction of fossil resources

5 Expertise in natural gas

6 Innovative CO2 management

7 Hydrogen

8 Photovoltaic

9 Other renewable resources

2 Mega trend clean energy

33

Company profileOrganisational structure

The Linde Group

Engineering Division Gases Division Other Activities

Americas

Asia/Pacific

EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa)

The Group consists of the Gases Division, the Engineering Division and Other Activities. Within the Gases Division, there are three

operating segments: Americas, Asia/Pacific and EMEA (Western and Eastern Europe, Middle East and Africa), which are subdivided

into eight Regional Business Units. The Gases Division also includes the two Global Business Units Healthcare (medical gases) and

Tonnage (on-site) as well as the two Business Areas Merchant & Packaged Gases (liquified and cylinder gases) and Electronics

(electronic gases). Specialised in olefin, natural gas, air separation plants, hydrogen and synthesis gas plants, our Engineering

Division has a global footprint. The Other Activities segment comprises Linde’s logistics services Gist.

1 Company profile February 2012

4

The Linde Group worldwideGlobal presence in more than 100 countries

SouthAmerica

North America

Africa, UK & Ireland

Continental & Northern Europe

Eastern Europe & Middle East

South & East Asia

Greater China

South Pacific

8,8%

7,8%

No presence

55

The Linde Group: 2011 financial yearLinde achieves record levels and is set for further growth

— Group sales up 7.1 percent to

EUR 13.787 bn

— Group operating profit grows at a faster rate

than sales, by 9.7 percent to

EUR 3.210 bn

— Operating margin increased by 60 bp to

23.3 percent, Gases operating margin

further improved to 27.5 percent

— Medium-term targets for 2014: Group

operating profit of at least EUR 4 bn and

ROCE of at least 14 percent

6

The BOC Group Linde

In 2006 BOC became a member of The Linde Group

120 years

Core business Industrial Gases and GIST

Existing relationship through JV with Linde Engineering

Strong Safety Culture

127 years

Developing from a conglomerate to a pure player

“Leading”

Strong strategic support from Linde Engineering

A leader in industrial gases and engineering

Truly global complementary footprint –

employees, customers, regions

High performance organisation “Best of both

worlds”

7

BOC UK

UK & Ireland Sales € 1010 M

Sureserve

6%

Tonnage

19%

Bulk

24%

On Site

2%

Industrial

28%

Healthcare

12%

Special

9% • 5000 deliveries per day

• 373,300 delivery points

• 579 bulk delivery vehicles

• 7 major ASU plants

• 40,000 cylinders filled per day

• 12 Industrial & Medical filling sites

• 72 retail stores; 367 local cylinder agents

• 3200 people

8

BOC main sites

Scunthorpe

Middlesbrough

Motherwell

Fawley

MargamThame

Brinsworth

St Helens

Liquid only Pipeline+Liquid

Dalry

Cork

Dublin

99

Content

1 Company profile





7 Hydrogen

8 Photovoltaic



10

Mega trend clean energy IThe energy trilemma

— Balancing the growing global energy demand with the need to conserve natural resources is

a major challenge. Successful solutions must be economically viable.

— Tomorrow’s power supply will be dominated by a steady increase of efficiency and a smart

utilisation of new technologies.

Energy trilemma

Security of supply

Economics Environment2 Mega trend clean energy February 2012

1111

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Petroleum liquids

Natural gas

Coal

Nuclear

Renewables

20302020201020001990

Mega trend clean energy IIFossil fuels continue to dominate in the medium term

Global energy consumption, in quad. BTU

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration

In 2030,

fossil fuels

will still

cover >80%

of the

global

energy

demand.

2 Mega trend clean energy February 2012

12

Mega trend clean energy IIICCS and efficiency key for CO2 emission reduction schemes

Source: International Energy Agency

Required emission reduction

in Gt CO2

12

CCS

Renewables

Nuclear

Efficient plants

Fuel switch

Efficiency

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60


13

Linde‘s environmental responsibility

— Internal environmental management system

implemented for all sites

— More than 500 environmental projects in the

last 3 years (e.g. for reducing CO2 emissions or

saving water)

— More than 200 external certifications for

environmental management (ISO 14001)

— Sustainability reporting aligned with

international standards (e.g. Greenhouse Gas

Protocol)

— Global improvement target for climate

protection


1414

Content

1 Company profile





7 Hydrogen

8 Photovoltaic



1515

Technology portfolio IClean energy growth markets for Linde

Merchant Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)

Carbon Capture & Storage / Usage H2 as fuel

— Oil vs. NG

spread

— CO2 reduction

— Regulations

— Funding

— Coal reserves

— Maturing

oil fields

— High oil prices

— Zero emissions

— Drive

performance


CO2 Networks Photovoltaic

— Increasing need

for CO2 recycling

— Integrated

solutions

— Environmental

impact

— Efficiency-

driven

February 2012

1616

Technology portfolio IIMarket potential estimation by segment

Clean Energy annual market revenues estimates in 2030, in € bn

18 – 35 11 – 23 10 – 15 20 – 40

EOR Merchant+Floating LNG

H2as fuel

CCS+Clean Coal


15 – 25 3

CO2networks

Photo-voltaic

February 2012

1717

Content

1 Company profile





7 Hydrogen

8 Photovoltaic



1818

Enhanced Oil/Gas Recovery (EOR/EGR)Extended life for oil and gas fields

Description — Nitrogen or carbon dioxide can be used to increase

pressure in oil and gas fields to improve well output

— Delayed or reduced drop in feed rates

— Traditional procedures only allow around 15 to 20 % of

the oil reserve to be extracted, with the majority

remaining in the ground

Scope— Turn-key and energy efficient air separation units (ASU)

— Proprietary equipment

— Operation and control of the plant providing the

required nitrogen for further compression into the

oil/gas well

Reference projects— Cantarell, Mexico: second largest multi-train ASU in the

world supplying nitrogen for enhanced oil recovery

(50,000 tpd)

— Mirfa, Abu Dhabi (UAE): ‘Elixier II’ under construction:

two large ASU, built by JV with ADNOC, to supply

nitrogen for injection into onshore condensate field by

the end of 2011

4 Efficient extraction of fossil resources February 2012

1919

Hammerfest LNG plant, NorwayCO2 reinjection via subsea pipeline

World’s first industrial project to deliver CO2

separated onshore back offshore and injected into a reservoir

— Europe's first export facility for liquefied

natural gas (LNG)

— Terminal and process plant on Melkøya

island outside Hammerfest in northern

Norway

— Annual LNG export: 5.67 billion standard m³

— CO2 content: 5.0% to 8.0%

— CO2 captured in onshore plant, conveyed

back with subsea pipeline, stored

underground

— Emission reduction of more than 50%

— Norwegian CO2 tax: 50 €/t

4 Efficient extraction of fossil resources February 2012

2020

Content

1 Company profile





7 Hydrogen

8 Photovoltaic



2121

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) IDemand driven by spread, local sources and regulations

Drivers Supporting rationale and geographic focus


Local sources:Exploitation of indigenous

resources (e.g. stranded)

Spread:Lower cost of LNG vs.

gasoil, naphtha and LPG

Regulations:Emission regulations &

government incentives

— High oil prices driven by demand and

incremental exploration costs

— Low gas prices driven by shale gas boom

and LNG oversupply — Decoupling of gas from oil prices

— Key regions: US, Australia, EU

— Political push for indigenous energy usage

— Increasing energy demand in areas with insufficient natural gas supply/grid

— Key regions: South East Asia, parts of

China, South America

— Introduction of tight emission standards in

transportation sector (e.g. Marine)

— Tax incentives for clean fuels (e.g. trucks)

— Key regions: Europe, US

February 2012

2222

LNG IIReducing CO2 emissions, securing energy supply

Description

— Bridging technology towards a more environmental

friendly society

— Lower levels of carbon dioxide emission than

naphtha, coal, oil and LPG

— Stimulates the use of biogas

— A tonne of LNG reduces CO2 emission by a tonne

Scope

— Conceptual design, equipment manufacturing and

commissioning, from small scale to baseload plants

— Proprietary equipment and energy efficient

processes

Linde is a “one-stop shop” for LNG

Reference project

— Hammerfest is Europe’s biggest natural gas

liquefaction plant

— Production capacity of 4.3 million tonnes per year

— In total Linde engineered 10 LNG plants across the

globe

5 Expertise in natural gas February 2012

2323

Small- and mid-scale LNG plants and offloading terminals

Description

— Increasing importance of small- and midscale LNG

plants

— Size makes them ideal for sites near industrial parks

and cities, keeping them close to the customer

— Compared with fossil fuels such as diesel, petrol and

oil, natural gas reduces carbon dioxide emissions by

around 20 percent

Scope— Linde a one-stop provider for entire LNG terminals,

supplying everything from the LNG production plant

to the storage tanks for trucks and ships, and from

the on-site storage units to the on-board relique-

faction units and liquid-to-gas converters

Reference projects— Baltic Sea’s first LNG terminal in Nynäshamn (S)

— Australia’s first LNG plant in Dandenong

— Stavanger (N), Kwinana (AUS), Shan-Shan and

Ji Munai (PRC)

5 Expertise in natural gas February 2012

2424

Content

1 Company profile





7 Hydrogen

8 Photovoltaic



2525

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)Contributing to energy-related GHG emissions reduction

Note: 550 Policy Scenario corresponds to 3oC temperature rise and overall GHG reductions in 2030

from 41 Gt (reference) to 33 Gt. 450 Policy Scenario corresponds to 2oC temperature rise and

overall GHG reductions in 2030 from 41 Gt (reference) to 26 Gt.

Source: OECD/IEA World Energy Outlook


-Need to reduce GHG

emissions radically by 8 to

15 Gt by 2030, depending

on political settings

-Increasing energy efficien-

cy is the biggest lever for

GHG reduction

- CCS reduction potential of

1 to 2.5 Gt by 2030 critical

to meet overall CO2 reduc-

tion targets

February 2012

2626

* Linde developed integrated technology „LICONOX“ (except third-party boiler technology)

** Third-party technology (except Linde‘s CO2 capture & compression)

Linde offers technology and engineering solutionsfor all three CCS pathways

Linde PortfolioTechnology Process

Pre-

combustion

Oxyfuel*

Post-

combustion**

Feedstock CO2

GasifierASUGas cleaning

(Rectisol)CO Shift

CO2

purification &

compression

CO2

BoilerASU DeNOxDeSOx

CO2

purification &

compression

Feedstock

CO2

Boiler DeNOxDeSOx

CO2

capture &

compression

Feedstock

1

2

3

6 Innovative CO2 management February 2012

2727

Linde has supplied large scale air separation plant

and Rectisol® methanol wash technology for CO2

separation for a number of coal gasification plants

in China

1 Linde’s engagement in pre-combustion CCS

— World coal reserves important source of

energy in several geographies, e.g. China

(>70% of energy sourced from coal) and

India (>55%)

— Increasing oil price provides incentive

for coal utilization

— Linde a leader in mega-ASUs, e.g. for

applications involving coal gasification

— Linde leader in Rectisol® methanol wash

technology for selective H2S/COS and CO2

removal

2,000 tpd Linde ASU for O2 supply for Shell coal gasification plant in Dongting, China


2828

— A DeNOx pilot scrubber was integrated in the

CO2 unit at Vattenfall’s oxyfuel pilot plant

— DeNOx pilot plant operation in July 2010

— Pilot successful and validates lab results

— Technology can now be commercially applied

Linde’s new cold DeNOx technology for oxyfuel CCS2

— Linde’s cold DeNOx technology has been validated

in a pilot unit installed at Vattenfall’s oxyfuel pilot

plant in Schwarze Pumpe/Germany:

— 30 MWth, max. 10 t/h CO2

— CO2 liquefaction

— CO2 product purity >99.7 %

— road transport by truck @ 15 bar

— CO2 compression in oxyfuel CCS plants offers

opportunity for cost-effective NOx removal

compared to conventional power plant NOx removal

approaches such as SCR

— Linde has developed a new technology for NOx and

simultaneous SOx removal with significant potential

to reduce investment and operational costs in

overall oxyfuel technology with CO2 capture.

Linde DeNOx technology pilot plant at Vattenfall’sSchwarze Pumpe site


2929

— Signed in 2007 to develop an

advanced PCC-technology

— joint design, construction,

testing and commercialisation

Post-combustion pilot plant:Linde partnership with RWE and BASF

3

Project essentials

— Location: Niederaussem near

Cologne, Germany

— Capacity: 1.500 Nm3/h flue

gas from lignite (7.2 t/d CO2)

— CO2 purity 94 vol % (wet)

— Start-up: June 2009

— Partners:

— BASF: process solvent

— RWE: operator

— Linde: PM, basic and

detailed engineering,

equipment supply,

erection, start-up

A strong alliance for CCS

PCC


3030

Description — CO2 is emitted by a vast number of processes that can

be captured, re-distributed and made use of in other

applications

— Essential part of many industrial processes and various

application areas

Scope— Supplying the captured carbon dioxide via pipeline

to a network of customers

— Used to increase growth from plants or sport courts

— Storage, distribution, cleaning, liquefaction etc.

Reference project

— OCAP (Organic CO2 for the Assimilation in Plants) provides

CO2 for some 550 greenhouses between Rotterdam

and Amsterdam, Netherlands

— CO2 is captured at a refinery in Rotterdam;

around 300 km of pipeline

CO2 networksWaste CO2 lets plants grow quicker


31

Hydrogen Solutions - UK

•BOC is the largest supplier of hydrogen in UK

•Operates the largest hydrogen supply scheme in the UK in Teesside

producing 41,000Nm3/hr hydrogen

•Owns and operates a further six hydrogen production plants

throughout the UK ranging from 500 Nm3/hr to 1600 Nm3/hr

•As part of the Linde Group BOC has access to global technology and

extensive experience in hydrogen refuelling

— More than 70 hydrogen refuelling stations in 15 countries

— Approximately 300 hydrogen refuelling operations/week

•BOC is an active member of a number of industry associations and

partnerships furthering the uptake and deployment of hydrogen

energy technologies

– BOC is a founding member of the UK Hydrogen Association

– London Hydrogen Partnership

– Scottish Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Association (SHFCA)

Thank you for your attention.

Clean Technologies by Linde. - University of...

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