CLASSIFICATIONCLASSIFICATION ADDING ORDER. Engage Alien Planet Story.
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Transcript of CLASSIFICATIONCLASSIFICATION ADDING ORDER. Engage Alien Planet Story.
CLASSIFICATIONCLASSIFICATIONCLASSIFICATIONCLASSIFICATION
ADDING ORDERADDING ORDER
Engage
Alien Planet Story
Explore• Making a Dichotomous Key
ExplainWhy Classify?
to bring order to the large number of various organisms
Process is called taxonomy
Assigning Scientific Names
1. Early Efforts at Naming Organisms1. Used common names
2. Very confusing
3. Very complex
2. Binomial Nomenclature1. Carolus Linnaeus in the 18th century
2. Each species is assigned a two part scientific name1. Homo sapien
Section 18-1
FlowchartLinnaeus’s System of Classification
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Grizzly bear Black bear Giant panda
Red fox Abert squirrel
Coral snake
Sea star
KINGDOM Animalia
PHYLUM Chordata
CLASS Mammalia
ORDER Carnivora
FAMILY Ursidae
GENUS Ursus
SPECIES Ursus arctos
Section 18-1
Classification of Ursus arctos
Modern Evolutionary
Classification
Section Outline
CLADOGRAM
Crab Barnacle LimpetCrustaceans Gastropod
Molted exoskeleton
Segmentation
Tiny free-swimming larva
Section 18-2
Traditional Classification Versus Cladogram
Appendages Conical Shells
Crab Barnacle Limpet
CLASSIFICATION BASED ON VISIBLE
SIMILARITIES
A. Evolutionary ClassificationA. Lines of evolutionary descent
CLASSIFICATION BASED ON VISIBLE
SIMILARITIES
CLADOGRAM
Appendages Conical Shells
Crab Barnacle Limpet Crab Barnacle Limpet
Crustaceans Gastropod
Molted exoskeleton
Segmentation
Tiny free-swimming larva
Section 18-2
Traditional Classification Versus Cladogram– B. Classification Using Cladograms
• Derived characters– Characteristics that appear in recent parts of
the lineage
C. Similarities in DNA and RNA
– Similarities at the molecular level show how closely organism are related
Six Kingdoms System
Kingdom ArcheaBacteriaKingdom EuBacteriaKingdom ProtistaKingdom FungiKingdom PlantaeKingdom Animalia
Section Outline
Section 18-3
Concept Map
are characterized by
such as
and differing which place them in
which coincides withwhich coincides with
which place them in which is subdivided into
Living Things
Kingdom Eubacteria
Kingdom Archaebacteria
Eukaryotic cellsProkaryotic cells
Important characteristics
Cell wall structures
Domain Eukarya
Domain Bacteria
Domain Archaea
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Protista
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Animalia
DOMAIN
KINGDOM
CELL TYPE
CELL STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF CELLS
MODE OF NUTRITION
EXAMPLES
Bacteria
Eubacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls with peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
Streptococcus, Escherichia coli
Archaea
Archaebacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls without peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
Methanogens, halophiles
Protista
Eukaryote
Cell walls of cellulose in some; some have chloroplasts
Most unicellular; some colonial; some multicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
Amoeba, Paramecium, slime molds, giant kelp
Fungi
Eukaryote
Cell walls of chitin
Most multicellular; some unicellular
Heterotroph
Mushrooms, yeasts
Plantae
Eukaryote
Cell walls of cellulose; chloroplasts
Multicellular
Autotroph
Mosses, ferns, flowering plants
Animalia
Eukaryote
No cell walls or chloroplasts
Multicellular
Heterotroph
Sponges, worms, insects, fishes, mammals
Eukarya
Classification of Living Things
Section 18-3Key Characteristics of Kingdoms and Domains
Using a Dichotomous Key
• Strange Science– You will use a real dichotomous key to
classify the Alien organisms in the given pictures.
– Work in Pairs.
• Practice Problems– On Your Own.– When you are done share & discuss quietly.