Class Cephalopoda
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Transcript of Class Cephalopoda
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Class Cephalopoda• Predators specialized for locomotion• Cephalopods include octopuses, squid,
nautiluses and cuttlefish.• Live in marine environments• Only some have a shell• Foot is modified into tentacles, usually
with suckers used to capture prey
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Class Cephalopoda• Most cephalopods
have complex eyes • Largest
invertebrate brain– Most intelligent
mollusk (learning & memory)
• Only mollusks with a closed circulatory system
• http://www.iteachbio.com/Marine-Biology/OctopusIntelligence.movhttp://www.iteachbio.com/Marine-Biology/OctopusandCoconutTool.mov
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Class Cephalopoda - Nautilus• External shell of
the nautilus is made buoyant by a series of gas chambers.
• 60-90 short, suckerless tentacles
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8qwRCs_7x0
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Class Cephalopoda - Cuttlefish• Cuttlefish have a small curved
internal shell, completely enclosed by the mantle.
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Class Cephalopoda - Squid
• Squid have a small strip of a shell called a pen, which is enclosed in the mantle.
• Have 8 arms and 2 tentacles (w/ suckers) surrounding mouth
• Giant squid is largest living invertebrate
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Class Cephalopoda - Locomotion
• Cephalopods swim by forcing water out of the mantle cavity through a siphon, or funnel, underneath the head
• Funnel can move around animal can move in any direction via jet propulsion
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Protection• Color changes affected by
chromatophores (pigment cells)– Allows them to blend into their background
• Squirting out water by jet propulsion helps escape predators
• Octopuses & squids also release an inky substance from an ink sac to distract predators
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Feeding
• Cephalopods are carnivores with beak-like jaws surrounded by tentacles •Have a powerful parrot-like beak that is used to tear prey apart.• They also have a powerful radula to scrape away flesh• In some of the octopuses the salivary glands are modified poison glands
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Class Cephalopoda - Reproduction
• Cephaolopods are separate sexes .
• Juveniles hatch directly from eggs – no free-swimming larvae.
• One arm of male removes a spermatophore (elongated packet of sperm) from mantle cavity and inserts it into female.
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The Mimic Octopus
An Indonesian octopus mimicing a flatfish (above) and a lionfish
(right)
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The Mimic Octopus
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Color & Morphology Changes for Camouflage
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Squid are the largest Cephalopods
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Mollusk Nervous System
Gastropods, bivalves, and chitons have gangliaClusters of nerve cells
Ganglia replace the brainCephalopods have a large brain
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Sources
http://brainbeau.com/cihs/MarineBiology/Chapter7/Mollusks-Phylum_Mollusca_files/frame.htm
http://www.biologyjunction.com/Molluscs%20revised%20cam.pptx
http://faculty.mwsu.edu/biology/jon.scales/Courses/Zoology/lectoutlines/11_mollusca.ppt