Class 4a: Atmospheric moisture. Introduction to water Earth’s temperature special properties of...
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Transcript of Class 4a: Atmospheric moisture. Introduction to water Earth’s temperature special properties of...
![Page 1: Class 4a: Atmospheric moisture. Introduction to water Earth’s temperature special properties of water.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032704/56649d435503460f94a1f121/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Class 4a: Atmospheric moisture
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Introduction to water
• Earth’s temperature special properties of water
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Introduction to water
• Energy needed to change state
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Evaporation
• How does water evaporate?
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Evaporation
• Water vapor stores latent heat
• Vapor pressure: pressure exerted by water vapor
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Vapor pressure
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Evaporation
• How quickly does water evaporate?
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Humidity
• Absolute humidity: ratio of water vapor to a given volume of air
• Specific humidity: ratio of water vapor to a given mass of air
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Humidity
• Relative humidity: ratio of water vapor to maximum water vapor capacity
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Dew point
• When air cools, water vapor capacity _____ and relative humidity _____
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Condensation
• Condensation: water vapor becomes liquid, releases latent heat
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Lapse rates
• Normal lapse rate: 3.5°F/1000 feet
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Adiabatic processes
• Air changes temperature by convection, not conduction
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Adiabatic processes
• If a rising parcel of air cools to its dewpoint, then ______ occurs
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Adiabatic processes
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Stability of air
• Buoyancy: tendency of an object to rise
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Stability of air
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Stability of air
• Stability: normal lapse rate of surrounding air is less than DALR
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Stability of air
• Unstable air: normal lapse rate of surrounding air is greater than DALR
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Stability of air
• Conditionally unstable air: stable up to a point
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Stability of air