Class 12 emerson_phonetics_fall2014_order_acq_kid_accent_lisps_liquids_loonytunes
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Transcript of Class 12 emerson_phonetics_fall2014_order_acq_kid_accent_lisps_liquids_loonytunes
Phonetics – Class 12
CD 233
Lavoie
Plan for today
Work on transcription of phrases, summarizing the kinds of things that you might notice and mark in a narrow transcription, what diacritics to use?
Children’s order of speech acquisition
Problems with fricatives, especially /s/
Phrases for you to work on
I can give you a cup of soup
He probably already gave it to him/them
I’m going to be ready at 9
Didn’t you know that?
I don’t know
Want to stay here?
Babies acquiring language
Apologies to those who have taken language acquisition; chime in if you know more or contradictory
Talking comes during the child’s first two years
We’ll go through some milestones and stages now
In utero
Baby hears a lot through mom’s body Days after birth, baby ID’s mom’s voice Babies are familiar with ambient language My twins kicked more when they heard my
husband’s voice than other male voices “Fetal soap opera addiction” baby calmed by
theme music b/c mom watched while pregnant http://birthpsychology.com/free-article/prenatal-memory-and-learning
Birth to 3 months
Baby may produce ooo’s and aaa’s
Babies can differentiate between various sounds, such as ma and na
Three-month-old sounds like this: http://www.indiana.edu/~hlw/PhonProcess/baby3mo.wav
4 to 6 months
Baba, jaja, mama, dada (not meaningful), consonants include: b d j m n w
Baby produces endless stream-of-consciousness monologues, in “foreign” lg.
Vocalization is a game, babble for joy of hear-ing sounds and feeling their mouth articulating
By six months, baby learns to recognize names of family members
7 to 12 months
Babies gaze at object they want, at parent and then back at object, to communicate
Babbling sounds like you should understand it because baby uses rhythms and tunes
8 to 9 months, baby starts to understand no Babies gaze at X when asked “where’s X?” 9-month-old sounds like this:
http://www.indiana.edu/~hlw/PhonProcess/baby9mo.wav
13 to 18 months
First word appears at about one year, perhaps 6 to 8 words then
Baby says “uh-oh”
Baby uses single words and knows what they mean
Baby asks questions with high pitch, such as “up-py?” when wants to be picked up
Baby realizes the power of communication
19 to 24 months
Baby says about 50 words now
Probably understands 200+ words
Between 18 and 20 months: Builds 2-word sentences “carry me!” Learns 10 words/day = vocabulary explosion
By age of 2, makes 3-word sentences
Pronouns are still confusing (instead of “I want” says “Susie wants”)
25 to 36 months
Toddler may be too loud, but will adjust Getting the hang of pronouns: I, me, you 300+ word vocabulary Simple, complete 3-word sentences “I go now” Sings simple tunes By age of three:
Pretty sophisticated talker Carries on sustained conversation Adjusts to conversation partners
Shriberg’s sets of 8
Early 8 m b j n w d p h
Middle 8 t k g N f v tS dZ
Late 8 S T D s z l r Z
Sanders (1972) norms
Speech sound mastery
By what age will kids have about 90% correct production of the sounds
Match age with consonants
Age 3
Age 4
Age 6
Age 7
Age 8
After 8
dZ tS S T Z p m w n h t l r N v D s z b d k g j f
Some disordered speech
Frictionalized stops; p.198, CD 2, tr 14
/h/ deletions; p. 206, CD 2, tr 17
“th” changes; p. 208, CD 3, tr 1
Disordered sibilants, /s/ and /z/
Articulation issue also known as a lisp
Sibilants require very precise tongue placement and take kids a while to master
Lisps are very salient because /s/ is so common and so important in English
Disordered /s/ in Looney Tunes
Daffy Duck http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2JlVqfC8-UI&feature=related
Sylvester http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ov-1S8Xxd94
Tweety http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=38aDWDUjlOY&feature=related
Categories of lisps
Lateralized /s/ and /z/
Dentalized /s/ and /z/
Palatalized /s/ and /z/
Rhotacized /s/ and /z/
Lateralized sibilants
Very sloppy juicy /s/
Turbulent airflow around the sides of the tongue
The symbol is like a little short tongue below the /s/
Lateralized sibs; p. 224, CD 3, tr 7
Dentalized sibilants
The single most common error of school aged children
The tongue tip is heading toward or even between the teeth rather than staying at the alveolar ridge
CP fricative/affricate module 6, p. 220 CD 3, Track 4
Dentalized sibilants from one girl
Here are some words with dentalized sibilants from one 7-year-old girl Cereal Horse Ice cream Pancakes Zebra
The nurse coordinator’s /s/…
What do you think of these two speakers?
http://www.nebraskamed.com/transplant/intestine/rehabilitation_program/
Sentences with dentalized /s, z/
Small, p. 247, ex J; CD 3, track 11
Another 7 year old girl’s sentences… We went to Ben Franklin’s and looked at the toys I saw some dolls that I liked. They traveled to Maine from Nebraska. We do spelling and math. Sometimes we play mystery games.
Palatalized sibilants
Tending toward esh rather than /s/
Tongue is too far back
Rhotacized or retroflexed sibilants
Position articulators for /r/ but produce /s/ (yikes!)
Strange sound
CP Fric and Affric Module 8, p. 226
CD 3, Track 6
Sean Connery’s /s/
Phony IHOP commercial http://www.clipjunkie.com/Sean-Connerys-
Commercial-Outtakes-vid721.html
Interview with Connery http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xvkbs6xYM94
Dame Edna and Sean Connery http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=8ysINNySRAo&feature=related
Goals for today
Finalize project groups so we can schedule Review and use diacritics Transcribe casual phrases and proverbs Recognize issues with glides and liquids Fun with Elmer Fudd Handouts on what can go wrong and
phonological processes
Diacritics review
Nasalization
Syllabicity
Voicing and devoicing
/s/ issues
Dentalization
Palatalization
Comparison of transcriptions
“At the lengthy meeting on the 10th, your input was appreciated.”
“Put your red car in the garage near the groceries.”
We’ve done a broad transcription together Now we’ll do a narrow transcription together
Casual phrases to transcribe
I can give you a cup of soup
He probably already gave it to them
I’m going to be ready at 10
Didn’t you know that?
I don’t know
Want to stay here?
Transcribed proverbs
Read them out in their broad transcriptions
Create narrow transcriptions as you might say these (if you would say them!)
Glide issues
Glides are among the first consonants mastered, so any delays are significant
What problems do you think kids have?
Glides & Liq Module #1: Glide Changes (CD 3, track 9, p. 233)
Liquid issues: /l/
What kinds of issues with /l/?*Velarized or dark /l/ “I believe I belong
in this village” *Velarized is not an actual issue unless
done in wrong context
Glides and Liquids Module #2: /l/ Substitutions (CD 3, track 10, p. 237)
Liquid issues: /r/
What substitutions do you expect?
Liquid issues: /r/
Small p. 247-I, gliding boy (CD 3, tr 10)
Derhotacized /r/
Glides & Liq Module #4: Derhotacized r (CD 3, track 12, p. 243)
To make derhotacized /r/ Put your tongue in position to say “sh” Glide away from this position as you say /r/ Don’t fiddle with your lips
Examples
A couple of interesting kids
Interesting because idiosyncratic From Small Fundamentals of Phonetics 7-year-old girl who exhibits gliding and
vocalization p. 257, CD 3, track 13
4-year-old boy who exhibits initial consonant deletion and glottal insertion p. 259, CD 3, track 14
Elmer Fudd videos
What’s Opera, Doc http://vimeo.com/70265237 Robin Williams as Fudd sings The Boss http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1vT-
VaMXsAw
Bohemian whapsody http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=UN51VU-Zf5M&feature=related
What can go wrong with a sound?
Handout listing possibilities
Tie back to the charts
Sounds may move up/down or left/right on the charts
Keep in mind all of the symbols of narrow transcription that we’ve learned
Phonological processes
Phonetics vs. Phonology? Explain phonological patterns/templates
In children, it’s usually simplification To have CV syllables To have fewer articulatory specifications
See sheets for generalizations
More glide and liquid issues
Glides & Liquids Module #6, /r/ Quiz (CD 4, track 1, p. 246)
Glides and Liquids Module #7: Glides and Liquids Summary Quiz (CD 4, track 2, p. 251)
Thanksgiving Knock Knocks
Aaron Alma Arthur Dewey Don Emma Esther Gladys
Harry Luke Norma Lee General Lee Odette Olive Phillip Tamara
Happy Thanksgiving
Knock Knock Jokes and Riddles
I hope you have a wonderful break and I look forward to seeing you next Monday to finish up with kids’ troubles with liquids and glides
Additional video clips
James Earl Jones on Connery’s voice http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=4QTwPC3AgU4&feature=channel On being Darth Vader’s voice
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RAJgnUix2kI&feature=channel
Pre-voiceover Darth Vader http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=YSm9DDxQv8E&feature=related