CK Heritage Act designations

MUNICIPALITY OF CHATHAM-KENT

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

PLANNING SERVICES

TO: Mayor and Members of Council FROM: Ryan Jacques

Planner, Planning Services DATE: October 30, 2011 SUBJECT: Ontario Heritage Act Designation By-laws RECOMMENDATIONS It is recommended that: 1. The by-law to designate the Chrysler Ward School property at 9 Park Street,

Community of Chatham (City), described as Part of Lots 10 to 13 and all of Lot 14, Block 48, Plan 14, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.

2. The by-law to designate the George Stephens Building property at 14 King Street

West, Community of Chatham (City), described as Part of Lot 81, Old Survey, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.

3. The by-law to designate the property at 10 ½ King Street West, Community of

Chatham (City), described as Part of Lot 81, Old Survey, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.

4. The by-law to designate the property at 6-8 King Street West, Community of

Chatham (City), described as Part of Lot 81, Old Survey, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.


Chatham (City), described as Part Lot 81, Old Survey, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.

6. The by-law to designate the property at 20-26 William Street South, Community

of Chatham (City), described as Part of Lots 79 and 80, Old Survey, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.

Ontario Heritage Act Designation By-laws

7. The by-law to designate the property at 40-48 William Street South, Community

of Chatham (City), described as Part Lot 80, Old Survey, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.

8. The by-law to designate the T. H. Taylor Woollen Mill property at 14 William

Street North, Community of Chatham (City), described as Part of Lot 60, Old Survey, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.


Chatham (City), described as Survey Old Block F, Lot 11 & 12, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.

10. The by-law to designate the property at 367 Wellington Street West, Community

of Chatham (City), described as Old Survey, Part of Lot 111, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.

11. The by-law to designate the property at 325 Wellington Street West, Community

of Chatham (City), described as Old Survey, Part of Lots 107, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.

12. The by-law to designate the William McVean House property at 788 North Street,

Community of Dresden, described as Lot A, Plan 134, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.

13. The by-law to designate the property at 6974 St. Philippes Line, Community of

Dover, described as Concession 8, Part of Lot 11, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.

14. The by-law to designate the property at 7823 Bay Line, Community of Dover,

described as Concession 13, Part of Lot 18, RP24R609, Part 1, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value and interest, be approved.

BACKGROUND Our inheritance of architecture and cultural landscapes is an irreplaceable asset and resource. In Ontario, the task of conserving these important assets is primarily a municipal responsibility. The Ontario Heritage Act (the “Act”) provides a framework within which municipalities can act to identify and conserve properties of historical and/or architectural significance. Under the Act, Council has established the Heritage Chatham-Kent Committee to advise Council on heritage matters

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Description Statement of Significance Description of Historic Place: i.e. Description of Property

The Chrysler Ward School is located at 9 Park Street on the north side of the confluence of Richmond Street, Park Street and Queen Street in the City of Chatham, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. The two-storey painted brick commercial building was constructed in 1871.

Heritage Value: i.e. Statement of Cultural Heritage Value or Interest

Historical or Associative Value: The Chrysler Ward School represents one of the oldest known structures that was used as a school in the Municipality of Chatham-Kent. It was built in 1871 and was the only school located in the Town of Chatham’s Chrysler Ward, hence it’s name. The school, along with four others throughout Chatham, was erected from municipal funds at the disposal of the Town along with proceeds from the sale of school lands. As the modest six-room school became overpopulated, additions were added and it became known as the Queen Street School. Around the turn of the century the Queen Street School was surplused and the building became associated with one of the most well-known industries in Chatham. William Gray purchased the property at which point it became known as Gray & Sons Repair. The school’s design lent itself well to the use as a repair shop for the Gray buggies and sleighs that were manufactured in Chatham. Following William’s death in 1884, his son Robert Gray picked up where William left off and in 1915 he began manufacturing Gray-Dort automobiles. The automobile production meant that the family’s industrial empire boomed, selling more than 23,000 automobiles from coast to coast. Due to this boom, buggy production slowed, resulting in the repair shop’s transition to the Gray-Dort Social Club. As the Gray-Dort Social Club the building was central to the community’s social life. It acted as Chatham’s unofficial community centre, a place where employees enjoyed billiards and silent movies and where many annual local events and dances were held. Robert is said to have favoured this building and retained ownership long after all other assets of the Gray-Dort Motor Company were sold following the cessation of Gray-Dort automobile production in 1924. It was not until his death that the structure took on it’s next incarnation, and the longest use to date, as the Masonic Temple. During this time the structure again played a prominent role in the social life of the Chatham community, hosting many local functions. The Masons sold the building in 1995 at which point it became the Gentry Manor. Design or Physical Value: The Chrysler Ward School is a unique example of the Classic Revival style of architecture. This style was concerned with the application of Greek plans and proportions to civic buildings, and it was common of schools of this era to be built in the Classic Revival style. The exterior is largely original and the structure’s long and diverse history is evidenced in its many additions and alterations. The Chrysler Ward School’s unique design features a temple inspired, somewhat monumental scale with a two-storey porticoed colonnade and four prominent Doric columns. The fenestration varies, but the numerous long, tall windows with decorative arched brick labels are notable. Other unique features include the grand main entrance featuring a keystone, the corbelled brick work under the eaves, and the decorative brick blind arches with brick pilasters and capitals.

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Contextual Value: Located prominently at the confluence of three Streets: Richmond, Park and Queen, the Chrysler Ward School is a landmark in Chatham and represents a long history of the community’s social activities and events as well as their contribution to the automotive industry, both locally and nationally. Sources: A Community on the Thames, 1987. Chatham-Kent: A Place of Refuge, visualheritage.ca/kent/dort.htm. Gentry Manor, gentrymanor.com/history.php. Gray-Dort: The Class of the Light Car Field, 1988. Municipality of Chatham-Kent Heritage Register Report to the Minister of Education, 1871.

Character-Defining Elements: i.e. Description of Heritage Attributes

Exterior character defining elements that contribute to the value of the Chrysler Ward School include its: - two-storey painted brick exterior - the combination hip and gable roofs - temple inspired, monumental scale - two-storey porticoed colonnade with gable roof - four Doric columns - varied fenestration - grand main entrance with brick keystone - decorative arched brick labels - patterned brick corbel - ornamental brick pilasters with brick capitals - brick blind arches Characteristics that contribute to the contextual value of the Chrysler Ward School include its: - prominent location on the confluence of three Streets: Richmond, Park and Queen - close proximity to the commercial downtown core - first school to be built in the Chrysler Ward of Chatham

Contributing Resources Type: Count: Building 1 Area (m²) 1691 Dates of Significance # Type: From: To: 1 Construction 1871 1871 BA # Type: Name: 1 Architect n/a 2 Builder n/a Function Category and Type Category and Type # Function: Category: Type: 1 Historic Education Primary or Secondary

School 2 Current Commerce/Commercial

Services Shop or Wholesale

Theme Theme Category Type # Category: Type: 1 Building Social and Community

Life Education and Social Well-Being

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Images Image 1: Image 2: Image 3: File Path: n/a n/a n/a Image Type: Contemporary

Photograph Contemporary Photograph Contemporary

Photograph Caption: West View of the

Chrysler Ward School South Elevation of the Chrysler Ward School

Detailed View of the Chrysler Ward School’s Decorative Brick Work

Description: Façade and south elevation of the Chrysler Ward School, 2011.

Chrysler Ward School’s south elevation depicting the fenestration and arched brick labels, 2011.

Featured is the patterned brick corbelling and ornamental brick pilasters with brick capitals, 2011.

Copyright: Lindsay Benjamin, 2011.

Lindsay Benjamin, 2011. Lindsay Benjamin, 2011.

Miscellaneous Info:

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14 King Street West, known historically as the George Stephens Building, is located on the south side of King Street West, west of William Street in the City of Chatham, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. The property consists of a three-storey commercial building with a tin façade that was built in 1888 by local Chatham architect, T. J. Rutley.


Historical or Associative Value: The George Stephens Building was built in 1888 by Thomas John Rutley (1847-1910). Rutley was a well-known local architect who was responsible for the design of numerous buildings in Chatham. The extent of his contributions to the built form of the City has not been determined, but he is clearly associated with many local landmarks including the Central School (1893), Harrison Hall (1890), and the Thomas Stone Store (1888). The George Stephens Building was built for local businessman and politician George Stephens (1846-1916). The site housed his hardware business that was founded in 1872 in a building on the same location. He owned the business with his brother William, and subsequently D.H. Douglas was made a partner. The ads for the store cited, “Geo Stephens Hardware Stoves and Implements,” and listed items for sale such as paints, cutlery, guns, fur coats, buggies, roofing and cut glass. In 1913, the business was sold to Doug Allison and continued to operate as a hardware store under the name, A.D. Allison Hardware Co. Zink Hardware and the Chatham Shopping News also operated from the building at later dates. In addition to owning and running the hardware store, George Stephens was an active politician. He served on Chatham City Council in 1899 and 1900. On November 7, 1900, he was elected as the Member of Parliament for the County of Kent. During his time as an M.P. he secured the dredging of the Thames River. Stephens only served one term as M.P., being defeated in 1904 by Albert Clements. Design or Physical Value: The George Stephens Building is a rare surviving example of cast-iron frame construction on a commercial building in North America. The large window areas are made possible by the use of a light-weight cast-iron frame (as opposed to wood and brick construction). This building method was a forerunner of the modern skyscraper and originated on the east coast of the United States in the 1840s, spreading to Chicago in the 1850s and was used for commercial construction into the 1890s. It was believed that the front of this building was created from cast-iron, however, restoration in the 1990s revealed that the façade is actually tin. The tin front is affixed to wood panels that are attached to brick exterior. Tin fronts provided the ability for ornate detailing and were cheaper than stone. As a local supplier of construction materials, it is speculated that George Stephens crafted the façade himself. The detailed ornamentation including the pillars at the edges of the façade, window surrounds, rows of medallions and leaves, and bracketed cornice show the malleability of tin. The three third storey windows are framed by an arch with a keystone and each window is toped by a semi-circular transom. Inside the arch in gold relief is the words, “Geo Stephens,” and the construction date, “1888.” Typical of

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commercial buildings of the 1880s, the structure has a decorative cornice with brackets and a flat roof. Also of note, the centre window on the second storey was the largest pane of glass used in a commercial structure in Chatham at the time of it’s construction. It was used to display the stoves that were sold in the Geo Stephens store. The George Stephens Building was a forerunner of innovation. It had the first elevator in Chatham, and during restoration a tube running from the basement to the top floor was discovered and is believed to have served as a primitive intercom system. Contextual Value: King Street is the historic main street of Chatham and the south side has historically been the busier side of the street, housing some of the oldest brick buildings in the City. This area has come to represent the centre of business and the home to many of the area’s hostelries. Throughout the 1850s and 60s, the corner of King and William Streets housed the first Baptist Church and from there along the south side of King to the Market Square was a series of wood frame shops, such as William Northwood’s grocery store, the Dublin House and R.O. Smith’s furniture store. The corner’s historic prominence was enhanced by the nearby industry across McGregor’s Creek, including the T.H. Taylor Woollen Mill at 14 William Street North, built in 1869, and the Beaver Flour Mill, built in 1872, but which burnt down in the 1980s. It was not until the 1880s that these buildings at King and William Streets were replaced with the brick structures that exist today and have come to house many of the City’s most successful businesses. The structures from the Bates Building at 28-34 William Street South and around the corner to 16 King Street West form a continuous commercial front. Most of these buildings are two or three storeys, therefore maximizing their frontage on the main street. The basements of all the structures on this prominent corner were connected and it was believed that they were used in rum running during the era of prohibition. Sources: Chatham Directory, 1876-1877, 1915, 1919. Chatham Driving Tour Commemorative Biographical Record of the County of Kent, 1904. Community on Thames, 1987. Historic King Street, Chatham, Ontario, K. Stoney and C. Naismith, 1978. Municipality of Chatham-Kent Heritage Register Municipality of Chatham-Kent Land Registry Records There Was a Time, Jim & Lisa Gilbert. Windfall, 1979.


Key exterior elements of 14 King Street West that contribute to its value as a rare commercial example of cast iron construction with a tin façade include its: - three storey cast iron construction - tin façade affixed to wood panels, attached to the brick exterior - uniquely large centre window on the second floor - set of three windows on the third storey with a larger centre window, each of which is toped by a semi-circular transom - gold relief writing on the third storey of the façade: “Geo Stephens” and “1888” - detailed ornamentation on the tin façade including the pillars at the edges of the façade, window surrounds, rows of medallions and leaves, bracketed cornice and arch with keystone - flat roof

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Key elements of 14 King Street West that support its contextual value include its: - location near the corner of King and William Streets - proximity to McGregor Creek and commercial businesses in downtown Chatham - forms part of continuous commercial store fronts that stretch from 28-34 William Street South to 16 King Street West

Contributing Resources Type: Count: Building 1 Area (m²) 289 Dates of Significance # Type: From: To: 1 Construction 1888 1888 BA # Type: Name: 1 Architect Thomas John Rutley 2 Builder n/a Function Category and Type Category and Type # Function: Category: Type: 1 Historic Commerce Shop or Wholesale

Establishment 2 Current Commerce Hotel, Motel or Inn Theme Theme Category Type # Category: Type: 1 Developing Economies Trade and Commerce

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Photograph Contemporary Photograph

Contemporary Photograph

Caption: Façade of 14 King Street West

Detailed View of the Tin Façade of 14 King Street West

Contextual View of 14 King West

Description: Featured is the tin façade and gold relief writing that reads “Geo Stephens” and “1888,” 2011.

Featured is the intricate and decorative tin façade of the Geo Stephens Building, 2011.

Northwest view of the row of commercial structures that line King Street West, 2011.


Lindsay Benjamin, 2011.


Miscellaneous Info: n/a n/a n/a

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10½ King Street West is located on the south side of King Street, West of William Street in the City of Chatham, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. The property consists of a three-storey salmon-brick commercial building that was constructed circa 1880.


Historical or Associative Value: 10½ King Street West is associated with the commercial history of downtown Chatham. It has housed a variety of business including that of J.W. Bedford. Design or Physical Value: 10½ King Street West is an excellent example of 1880s commercial architecture with Italianate influences. Typical of the Italianate style is the symmetrical façade, the cornice with brackets and the polychromatic brick detailing. The commercial architecture is evident in the large first storey shop windows, the flat roof and the tall second and third storeys. The windows are decorated with straight labels on the second storey and pointed labels on the third storey. The windows feature concrete sills on both the second and third storeys and the façade is broken up by four brick pilasters. Later wood and plaster decorative details have been added, including detailing at the base of the pilasters, trim over the windows of the second storey windows and bands above and below the third storey windows. Original documentation shows the presence of a decorative centre pediment on the roofline, however drawings from 1978 do not show the current details indicating that it was likely rebuilt during restoration. Contextual Value: King Street is the historic main street of Chatham and the south side has historically been the busier side of the street, housing some of the oldest brick buildings in the City. This area has come to represent the centre of business and the home to many of the area’s hostelries. Throughout the 1850s and 60s, the corner of King and William Streets housed the first Baptist Church and from there along the south side of King to the Market Square was a series of wood frame shops, such as William Northwood’s grocery store, the Dublin House and R.O. Smith’s furniture store. The corner’s historic prominence was enhanced by the nearby industry across McGregor’s Creek, including the T.H. Taylor Woollen Mill at 14 William Street North, built in 1869, and the Beaver Flour Mill, built in 1872, but which burnt down in the 1980s. It was not until the 1880s that these buildings at King and William Streets were replaced with the brick structures that exist today and have come to house many of the City’s most successful businesses. The structures from the Bates Building at 28-34 William Street South and around the corner to 16 King Street West form a continuous commercial front. Most of these buildings are two or three storeys, therefore maximizing their frontage on the main street. The basements of all the structures on this prominent corner were connected and it was believed that they were used in rum running during the era of prohibition. Sources: Chatham Directory, 1876-1877, 1915, 1919. Community on Thames, 1987. Historic King Street, Chatham, Ontario, K. Stoney and C. Naismith, 1978. Municipality of Chatham-Kent Heritage Register Municipality of Chatham-Kent Land Registry Records

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There Was a Time, Jim & Lisa Gilbert. Windfall, 1979.


Key exterior elements of 10½ King Street West that contribute to its value as a good example of commercial architecture of the 1880s with Italianate influences include its: - three storey salmon-brick construction - symmetrical façade - cornice with brackets - polychromatic brick detailing - large first storey shop windows - tall second and third storeys - straight labels on the second storey windows and pointed labels on the third storey windows - concrete sills on the second and third storey windows - four decorative brick pilasters on the façade - later wood and plaster decorative details, including detailing at the base of the pilasters, trim over the windows of the second storey windows and bands above and below the third storey windows - restored centre pediment on the roofline - flat roof Key elements of 10½ King Street West that support its contextual value include its: - location near the corner of King and William Streets - proximity to McGregor Creek and commercial businesses in downtown Chatham - forms part of continuous commercial store fronts that stretch from 28-34 William Street South to 16 King Street West

Contributing Resources Type: Count: Building 1 Area (m²) 304 Dates of Significance # Type: From: To: 1 Construction (circa) 1880 1880 BA # Type: Name: 1 Architect n/a 2 Builder n/a Function Category and Type Category and Type # Function: Category: Type: 1 Historic Commerce Shop or Wholesale


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Caption: Façade of 10½ King Street West

Detailed View of the Brickwork of 10½ King Street West

Contextual View of 10½ King West

Description: Featured is the three-storey salmon-brick construction with a symmetrical façade, 2011.

Featured is one of the façade’s decorative brick pilasters, 2011.






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6-8 King Street West is located on the south side of King Street, west of William Street in the City of Chatham, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. The property consists of a three-storey red-brick commercial building that was constructed in 1895.


Historic or Associative Value: The Wiersma Building is associated with local businessman Kenneth Urquhart who commissioned the building’s erection in 1895 at a cost of $6,000. Messrs Mallory & Son were the architects, and it is believed that prominent architect John Wesley Mallory worked on the building. He was trained in architecture in Chatham by this father William H. Mallory. John went on to open a business in Vancouver in 1898, but left the City in 1901 when the economy did not perform as anticipated during the Klondike Boom. He is known to have designed the Bodega Hotel, which is still standing at 225 Carrall Street in Vancouver. 6-8 King Street West is associated with the commercial success of Chatham’s downtown core and the community of Chatham as a whole. When it opened in 1895 the first floor was designed to house two stores, while the third storey was designed specifically to house the Chatham Lodge of Foresters. The Order of the Foresters originated in England and was established in Canada in 1876 in London, Ontario. The purpose of the organization was to act as a health and life insurance company for its members, while also serving as a social organization. Chatham was one of the first places to establish a branch, known as Court No. 6, and it became part of the Canadian Order of Foresters in the 1880s. Later in the 20th century, 6-8 King Street West was purchased by the Wiersma family and operated as a bakery for two generations. Design or Physical Value: 6-8 King Street West is a good example of commercial architecture constructed in the1890s. It has a symmetrical façade with large shop windows on the ground floor and a pilaster that divides the second and third storeys into two bays. Each bay features three pointed windows that are highlighted by concrete pointed labels. The third storey also features corbelled brickwork and blind arches. The façade is capped by a cornice with dentils and a flat roof. Contextual Value: King Street is the historic main street of Chatham and the south side has historically been the busier side of the street, housing some of the oldest brick buildings in the City. This area has come to represent the centre of business and the home to many of the area’s hostelries. Throughout the 1850s and 60s, the corner of King and William Streets housed the first Baptist Church and from there along the south side of King to the Market Square was a series of wood frame shops, such as William Northwood’s grocery store, the Dublin House and R.O. Smith’s furniture store. The corner’s historic prominence was enhanced by the nearby industry across McGregor’s Creek, including the T.H. Taylor Woollen Mill at 14 William Street North, built in 1869, and the Beaver Flour Mill, built in 1872, but which burnt down in the 1980s. It was not until the 1880s that these buildings at King and William Streets were replaced with the brick structures that exist today and have come to house many of the City’s most successful businesses. The structures from the Bates Building at 28-34 William Street South and around the corner to 16 King Street

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West form a continuous commercial front. Most of these buildings are two or three storeys, therefore maximizing their frontage on the main street. The basements of all the structures on this prominent corner were connected and it was believed that they were used in rum running during the era of prohibition. Sources: Building the West, Donald Laxton, 2003. Chatham Directory, 1876-1877, 1915, 1919. Chatham Planet, 1895. Community on Thames, 1987. Historic King Street, Chatham, Ontario, K. Stoney and C. Naismith, 1978. History of the Independent Order of the Foresters, Oronhyatekha, 1894. Municipality of Chatham-Kent Land Registry Records There Was a Time, Jim & Lisa Gilbert. Windfall, 1979.


Key exterior elements of 6-8 King Street West that contribute to its value as a good example of commercial architecture of the 1890s include its: - three-storey red-brick construction - large first storey shop windows - symmetrical façade with pilaster separating two bays - three windows in each bay on both the second and third storeys - concrete pointed labels over the pointed windows on the second and third storeys - corbelled brickwork and blind arches on the third storey - cornice with dentils - flat roof

Key elements of 6-8 King Street West that support its contextual value include its: - location near the corner of King and William Streets - proximity to McGregor Creek and commercial businesses in downtown Chatham - forms part of continuous commercial store fronts that stretch from 28-34 William Street South to 16 King Street West

Contributing Resources Type: Count: Building 1 Area (m²) 447 Dates of Significance # Type: From: To: 1 Construction 1895 1895 BA # Type: Name: 1 Architect Messrs Mallory & Son 2 Builder n/a Function Category and Type Category and Type # Function: Category: Type: 1 Historic Commerce Shop or Wholesale


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Caption: Façade of 6-8 King Street West

Detailed View of the Windows of 6-8 King West

Contextual View of 6-8 King West

Description: Featured is the three-storey red-brick construction with large first storey shop windows, 2011.

Featured is the concrete pointed labels over the windows on the second and third storeys, 2011.






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2-4 King Street West, known historically as the Merrill Hotel, is located on the southwest corner of King Street and William Street in the City of Chatham, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. The property consists of a three-storey salmon-brick commercial building that has served as a hotel since its construction in the 1890s.


Historic or Associative Value: 2-4 King Street West is associated with the commercial history of downtown Chatham. The corner of King and William Streets, which the building now occupies, has been a prominent corner since the Town’s founding and served as the location of the earliest Baptist Church in the area (circa 1855). The Merrill Hotel was opened on the site in the 1890s by Francis Towne Merrill. It was one of the first brick buildings to be constructed on the King and William block. The business was so successful that in 1903 it expanded, adding a “hallway and staircase” on the pie-shaped lot on the corner next to it (what is now 20-26 William Street South). For over a century the Merrill Hotel has provided hospitality to the Chatham community and its visitors, a tradition that continues as the structure now serves as the entrance to a boutique hotel, the Retro Suites. Design or Physical Value: 2-4 King Street west is a good example of an Italianate commercial block. Typical of this style are the segmentally arched windows on the first and second storeys and the large arched display windows on the third storey. The façade features a cornice with dentils, brick window surrounds and three brick pilasters that separate the fours bays. The façade is not symmetrical as the fourth bay, located on the corner of King and William Streets, is narrower than the other three. Typical of the commercial style of architecture, the building has a flat roof. Contextual Value: King Street is the historic main street of Chatham and the south side has historically been the busier side of the street, housing some of the oldest brick buildings in the City. This area has come to represent the centre of business and the home to many of the area’s hostelries. Throughout the 1850s and 60s, the corner of King and William Streets housed the first Baptist Church and from there along the south side of King to the Market Square was a series of wood frame shops, such as William Northwood’s grocery store, the Dublin House and R.O. Smith’s furniture store. The corner’s historic prominence was enhanced by the nearby industry across McGregor’s Creek, including the T.H. Taylor Woollen Mill at 14 William Street North, built in 1869, and the Beaver Flour Mill, built in 1872, but which burnt down in the 1980s. It was not until the 1880s that these buildings at King and William Streets were replaced with the brick structures that exist today and have come to house many of the City’s most successful businesses. The structures from the Bates Building at 28-34 William Street South and around the corner to 16 King Street West form a continuous commercial front. Most of these buildings are two or three storeys, therefore maximizing their frontage on the main street. The basements of all the structures on this prominent corner were connected and it was believed that they were used in rum running during the era of prohibition. Sources:

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Chatham Directory, 1876-1877, 1915, 1919. Community on Thames, 1987. Historic King Street, Chatham, Ontario, K. Stoney and C. Naismith, 1978. Historic Plaque, Ontario Heritage Foundation & R.M. Classic Car Investments Municipality of Chatham-Kent Heritage Register Municipality of Chatham-Kent Land Registry Records There Was a Time, Jim & Lisa Gilbert. Windfall, 1979.


Key exterior elements of 2-4 King Street West that contribute to its value as an Italianate Commercial Block and historic hotel include its: - three-storey salmon-brick construction - segmentally arched windows on the first and second storeys - third storey large arched windows - cornice with dentils - brick window surrounds - three brick pilasters that separate the four bays - unsymmetrical façade, with the fourth bay located on the corner of King and William Streets being narrower than the rest - flat roof

Key elements of 2-4 King Street West that support its contextual value include its: - location on the corner of King and William Streets - proximity to McGregor’s Creek and commercial businesses in downtown Chatham - forms part of a continuous commercial store front that stretches from 28-34 William Street South to 16 King Street West

Contributing Resources Type: Count: Building 1 Area (m²) 398 Dates of Significance # Type: From: To: 1 Construction (circa) 1890 1899 BA # Type: Name: 1 Architect n/a 2 Builder n/a Function Category and Type Category and Type # Function: Category: Type: 1 Historic Commerce Hotel, Motel or Inn 2 Current Commerce Hotel, Motel or Inn Theme Theme Category Type # Category: Type: 1 Developing Economies Trade and Commerce

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Caption: Façade of 2-4 King Street West

Detailed View of a Bay of 2-4 King Street West

Contextual View of 2-4 King West

Description: Featured is the façade depicting the three-storey salmon-brick construction, 2011.

Featured are the segmentally arched and large arched windows on the façade, 2011.



Kayla Jonas, 2011. Lindsay Benjamin, 2011.


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20-26 William Street South is located on the west side of William Street, south of King Street West in the City of Chatham, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. The property consists of a two-and-a-half storey salmon-brick commercial building that was constructed circa 1903.


Historical and Associative Value: 20-26 William Street South is associated with the commercial history of downtown Chatham. In 1903, the neighbouring Merrill Hotel expanded onto this site when it added a “hallway and staircase.” It is believed that during this construction three storefronts were built adjoining the Merrill Hotel. The storefronts showcased a variety of businesses over the years, including the Bates Bros. in 1915 who went on to erect the neighbouring Bates Building at 28-34 William Street South. Also housed in the storefronts were businesses such as V.C. Hunter’s butcher shop, Fidenherg Fruits, a bakery and a succession of barber shops. Design or Physical Value: 20-26 William Street South is representative of early 20th century commercial architecture. Its two-and-a-half-storey salmon-brick construction is topped by a plain cornice. The detailing lies in the corbelled brickwork and labels over the windows on the second storey that feature concrete sills. The brick pilasters extend past the roofline and provide clear delineation of the structure’s six bays. Contextual Value: King Street is the historic main street of Chatham and the south side has historically been the busier side of the street, housing some of the oldest brick buildings in the City. This area has come to represent the centre of business and the home to many of the area’s hostelries. Throughout the 1850s and 60s, the corner of King and William Streets housed the first Baptist Church and from there along the south side of King to the Market Square was a series of wood frame shops, such as William Northwood’s grocery store, the Dublin House and R.O. Smith’s furniture store. The corner’s historic prominence was enhanced by the nearby industry across McGregor’s Creek, including the T.H. Taylor Woollen Mill at 14 William Street North, built in 1869, and the Beaver Flour Mill, built in 1872, but which burnt down in the 1980s. It was not until the 1880s that these buildings at King and William Streets were replaced with the brick structures that exist today and have come to house many of the City’s most successful businesses. The structures from the Bates Building at 28-34 William Street South and around the corner to 16 King Street West form a continuous commercial front. Most of these buildings are two or three storeys, therefore maximizing their frontage on the main street. The basements of all the structures on this prominent corner were connected and it was believed that they were used in rum running during the era of prohibition. Sources: Chatham Directory, 1876-1877, 1915, 1919. Community on Thames, 1987. Municipality of Chatham-Kent Heritage Register Municipality of Chatham-Kent Land Registry Records There Was a Time, Jim & Lisa Gilbert. Windfall, 1979.

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Key exterior elements of 20-26 William Street South that contribute to its value as representative of early 20th century commercial architecture include its: - two-and-a-half-storey salmon-brick construction - flat roof - plain cornice - corbelled brickwork on the second storey - double hung windows on the second storey including labels and concrete sills - brick pilasters that extend past the roofline and separate the six bays Key elements of 20-26 William Street South that support its contextual value include its: - location near the corner of King and William Streets - proximity to McGregor Creek and commercial businesses in downtown Chatham - forms part of continuous commercial store fronts that stretch from 28-34 William Street South to 16 King Street West



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Caption: Façade of 20-26 William Street South

Detailed View of the Façade of 20-26 William Street South

Contextual View of 20-26 William Street South

Description: East facing façade depicting the two-and-a-half-storey salmon-brick construction, 2011.

Featured are the brick pilasters that extend past the roofline and separate the six bays, 2011.

Southwest view of 20-26 William Street South and the adjoining 2-4 King Street West, 2011.



Kayla Jonas, 2011.


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40-48 William Street South is located on the west side of William Street South, south of Jahanke Street in the City of Chatham, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. The property consists of a two-storey red-brick commercial building that was constructed in the 1890s.


Historical or Associative Value: 40-48 William Street South is one of the oldest commercial structures still standing on William Street and represents the growth of Chatham’s industries and the breadth of commercial uses housed in the downtown core. The building was likely built in the 1890s by local businessman Samuel M. Glenn to house his business, S. Glenn & Sons Seeds. The building remained in the Glenn family for over a century. The multiunit building housed several other businesses during the Glenn family’s ownership as it was rented as commercial space. Tenants included Pang Bros. Industry, P.A. Ridley Tire Repair, the shoe maker, Edward Dusty and the men’s tailor, Robert G. Hag. According to directorates, several workers from nearby local services also rented space in the second floor units including Chas R. Blair, the supervisor at Hadley Lumber Co. and Septimus Poole, a clerk at J.C. Wanless. Design or Physical Value: 40-48 William Street South is an excellent example of an Italianate commercial block built in the 1890s. The building is comprised of four separate store fronts on the ground floor, along with more units located on the second storey. The large first storey shop windows are prominent and flanked with recessed entrances. Typical of the Italianate style is the large cornice with dentals, brackets and corbelled brickwork under the eaves and between the first and second storeys. Also typical is the corner entrance with a veranda, the brick detailing above the second storey windows and the brick keystones. The symmetrical façade features four pilasters that run the height of the first and second storeys and continue on the second storey of the side elevations. Contextual Value: King Street is the historic main street of Chatham and the south side has historically been the busier side of the street, housing some of the oldest brick buildings in the City. This area has come to represent the centre of business and the home to many of the area’s hostelries. Throughout the 1850s and 60s, the corner of King and William Streets housed the first Baptist Church and from there along the south side of King to the Market Square was a series of wood frame shops, such as William Northwood’s grocery store, the Dublin House and R.O. Smith’s furniture store. The corner’s historic prominence was enhanced by the nearby industry across McGregor’s Creek, including the T.H. Taylor Woollen Mill at 14 William Street North, built in 1869, and the Beaver Flour Mill, built in 1872, but which burnt down in the 1980s. It was not until the 1880s that these buildings at King and William Streets were replaced with the brick structures that exist today and have come to house many of the City’s most successful businesses. Sources: Chatham Directory, 1876-1877, 1915, 1919. Community on Thames, 1987. Municipality of Chatham-Kent Heritage Register Municipality of Chatham-Kent Land Registry Records

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There Was a Time, Jim & Lisa Gilbert. Windfall, 1979.


Key exterior elements of 40-48 William Street South that contribute to its value as a good example of an Italianate commercial block include: - two-storey red-brick construction - flat roof - symmetrical façade with four pilasters that run the height of the first and second storeys - large cornice with dentals - brackets - corbelled brickwork under the eaves and between the first and second storeys - brick detailing above the second storey windows that include brick keystones - large first storey shop windows - recessed entrances - corner entrance with a veranda Key elements of 40-48 William Street South that support its contextual value include its: - location near the corner of King and William Streets - proximity to McGregor Creek and other commercial businesses in downtown Chatham


Establishment 2 Current Commerce Shop or Wholesale

Establishment Theme Theme Category Type # Category: Type: 1 Developing Economies Trade and Commerce

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Caption: Façade of 40-48 William Street South

Southwest View of 40-48 William Street South

Detailed View of 40-48 William Street South

Description: East facing façade depicting the two-storey red-brick construction, 2011.

Featured is the large first storey shop windows and corner entrance with a veranda, 2011.

Featured is the large cornice with dentals, brackets and corbelled brickwork under the eaves, 2011.

Copyright: Kayla Jonas, 2011. Kayla Jonas, 2011. Lindsay Benjamin, 2011.


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The T. H. Taylor Woollen Mill is located at 14 William Street North on the west side of William Street North between King Street East and Colborne Street in the City of Chatham, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. The two-storey red-brick commercial building was constructed in 1869.


Historical or Associative Value: The T. H. Taylor Woollen Mill is associated with Thomas Hulme Taylor, a prominent Chatham resident, known locally as “the principal industrialist of the 19th century.” 14 William Street North is one of the original T. H. Taylor Company mill buildings. Next to the neighbouring Armouries, this structure is one of the oldest buildings in Chatham and is also all that remains of a once prominent local company. T. H. Taylor got his start in the small settlement of Dawn Mills where he took over his father William’s prosperous grist mill, saw mill and wool factory after his death. In 1854, when the Great Western Railway came to Chatham, just miles south of Dawn Mills, Thomas realized that he would have to relocate closer to the rail lines if he wanted to compete with other milling operations. Taylor moved to Chatham in 1857 and established the City Flour Mills on the corner of Colborne and Adelaide Streets. Within this mill he also conducted a woollen business that allowed him great success as he was the only woollen mill in Chatham at the time. By the late 1860s Thomas as able to secure the land at the corner of William and Colborne Streets, the location associated with the T. H. Taylor Mills today. In 1869, Taylor erected 14 William Street North to serve as a new woollen mill. Approximately 25 people were employed at this early factory that earned $75,000-$80,000 annually. In 1872, he built the four-storey Beaver Flour Mill that was located next to the woollen mill to the south. Following the development of the mills on this site, the enterprise boomed. In the 1870s there were six major mills in Chatham, but by 1895 there were only two – Kent Mills and Taylor Mills. After T. H. Taylor’s death in 1891, at the age of 50, his two sons took over the business and in 1907 they moved their woollen mill to the old Chatham Cordage Company building at the northwest corner of Colborne and Adelaide Streets. At this point, 14 William Street North was renovated into office and laboratory space, a purpose it served for a majority of the 20th century. In 1923, the company disposed of its woollen business to concentrate on flour milling, and was ultimately sold to Dover Industries in 1940. Design or Physical Value: The T. H. Taylor Woollen Mill is a good example of industrial architecture. It is the only known industrial building remaining in Chatham that depicts an architectural style from the mid-Victorian period. It features a Dutch style gable at the end of a clerestory on the façade and a flat roof on the remainder of the building. The date stone located over the double doors on the second storey of the façade indicate its construction in 1869 by builder, W. Smith. The very fine corbelled brick work forms a unique outline on the roofline of the structure. Brick quoins, blind arches, and cast iron tie rod ends are also evident. It’s notable design displays a high degree of craftsmanship.

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Contextual Value: Located at 14 William Street North, the T. H. Taylor Woollen Mill is a Chatham landmark located on a uniquely triangular shaped corner lot. The property backs onto the north bank of McGregor’s Creek and is located in what was at one time the heart of Chatham’s industrial area. This building is all that remains of a once prominent local industry. Sources: Chatham Driving Tour Chatham Directory, 1876-1877, 1915, 1919. Community on Thames, 1987. Municipality of Chatham-Kent Heritage Register There Was a Time, Jim & Lisa Gilbert.


Exterior character defining elements that contribute to the value of the T. H. Taylor Woollen Mill include its: - two-storey red-brick exterior - industrial style architecture - Dutch style gable - clerestory with eight small, square, equally spaced windows on each elevation - flat roof - brick chimney with corbelling - varied fenestration - date stone over the façade’s second storey double doors that reads, “1869” - corbelled brick work - brick quoins - brick blind arches - cast iron tie rod ends Characteristics that contribute to the contextual value of the T. H. Taylor Woollen Mill include its: - location on a unique triangular corner lot in close proximity to the commercial core of Chatham - backs onto the north bank of McGregor’s Creek

Contributing Resources Type: Count: Building 1 Area (m²) 2276 Dates of Significance # Type: From: To: 1 Construction 1869 1869 BA # Type: Name: 1 Architect n/a 2 Builder W. Smith Function Category and Type Category and Type # Function: Category: Type: 1 Historic Industry Textile or Leather

Manufacturing Facility 2 Current Commerce/Commercial

Services Hotel, Motel or Inn

Theme Theme Category Type # Category: Type: 1 Developing Economies Extraction and Production

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Caption: Façade of the T. H. Taylor Woollen Mill

Northwest View of the T. H. Taylor Woollen Mill

Detailed View of the North Elevation of the T. H. Taylor Woollen Mill

Description: Featured is the façade depicting the Dutch style gable and date stone, 2011.

View of the façade and south elevation of the T. H. Taylor Woollen Mill, 2011.

Featured is a brick blind arch and cast iron tie rod end, 2011.





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383-395 King Street West is located on the north side of King Street West between Lacroix Street and First Street in the City of Chatham, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. The row of seven, two-storey red-brick residential townhouses were constructed circa 1895.


Historical or Associative Value: 383-395 King Street West is associated with Sylvester Hadley and his son, William, both members of a prominent Chatham family. Sylvester moved to Chatham from Toronto in 1848 after being involved in public improvements, such as building the Yonge Street road through the Holland Landing. After arriving in Chatham he established a lumber mill, the successful S. Hadley Lumber Co., and his extensive purchases of lumber were made on the shores of Lake Huron and Georgian Bay and sold chiefly in Kent County. The success of his planning mill and ample wharfage allowed him to carry on his extensive business. He also served on Town Council for over 30 years and as Mayor from 1884 to 1885. Through Sylvester’s influence in both Chatham’s industry and politics he was able to involve his ten children in his success. Sylvester’s son William was integral in the operation of S. Hadley Lumber Co. and it was through his position there that he was able to secure the means to construct 383-395 King Street West. Maps indicate that in 1875 the Howard & Northwood Brewery and Malthouse was located on the property, however it burnt down in the 1890s. It is believed that William Hadley built these structures in 1895, after the fire. There is some speculation that the row houses on King Street West were built upon the foundation of the Howard & Northwood Brewery malthouse. Since its construction and through to present day the structure has been occupied as residential rental units. In 1956, Judge Clarence Arnold purchased the row houses and split each unit into two, creating the opportunity for more rental space, with the exception of 395 King Street West, which he lived in himself. To date the property has changed hands very few times, having only four owners. Design or Physical Value: 383-395 King Street West is an exceptional example of the Queen Anne style of architecture. Early row housing of this style is rarely found in the Municipality of Chatham-Kent, more commonly seen in larger, cosmopolitan centres. Each townhouse has two floors and an attic, as well as a cellar. The façade of each unit has a bay section with three windows and dormers on the third floor that provide a notable silhouette to the roof line. Their separate front entrances with small front lawns make for unique entranceways. The last unit, 395 King Street West is indicative of the interior floor plan of the row houses. It has a double dormer as the unit had to be built in a mirror image to the others in order to provide a termination to the row of housing. Contextual Value: Located prominently on the north side of King Street West, 383-395 King Street West is located in close proximity to Chatham’s downtown core and surrounded by a rich array of architectural styles that reflect the era and quality of its construction. The west side of the property is flanked by the Thames River, providing picturesque views for its tenants of the natural landscape.

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Sources: A Cyclopaedia of Canadian Biography: Being Chiefly Men of a Time, 1886. Chatham Driving Tour Municipality of Chatham-Kent Land Registry Records Windfall, 1979.


Exterior character defining elements that contribute to the value of 383-395 King Street West include its: - row of seven two-storey townhouses - red-brick exterior - series of conjoined gable roofs - three-paned attic windows, painted the original red colour - dormer windows - decorative wooden shingles and brackets on the gable - typical Queen Anne style corner brackets above the side windows of the bay - original doors with transom - later Colonial Revival trim with broken pediment and finial above the doors - rod iron fencing spanning the width of the property Characteristics that contribute to the contextual value of 383-395 King Street West include its: - prominent location on King Street West - close proximity to the commercial downtown core - surrounded by a rich array of architectural styles that reflect the era and quality of its construction - flanked by the Thames River, providing picturesque views

Contributing Resources Type: Count: Building 1 Area (m²) 2689 Dates of Significance # Type: From: To: 1 Construction (circa) 1895 1895 BA # Type: Name: 1 Architect n/a 2 Builder n/a Function Category and Type Category and Type # Function: Category: Type: 1 Historic Residence Multiple Dwelling 2 Current Residence Multiple Dwelling Theme Theme Category Type # Category: Type: 1 Developing Economies Extraction and Production

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Caption: Southern View of 383-395 King Street West

Detailed View of the Façade of 383-395 King Street West

Detailed View of a Front Door of 383-395 King Street West

Description: View looking south down King Street West at the row of seven Queen Anne style townhouses, 2011.

Featured is the series of conjoined gable roofs with three-paned attic windows and dormers, 2011.

Featured is an original door with transom and later Colonial Revival trim, 2011.

Copyright: Kayla Jonas, 2011. Kayla Jonas, 2011. Kayla Jonas, 2011. Miscellaneous Info: n/a n/a n/a

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367 Wellington Street West is located on the west side of Wellington Street West between Lacroix Street and West Street in the City of Chatham, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. This two-storey residential building was constructed circa 1891.


Historical or Associative Value: 367 Wellington Street West is associated with many notable Chatham residents, but the most significant is James Gardiner. He was one of the most highly esteemed residents of the County of Kent during its early development. Gardiner was a significant stockholder and board member of the Chatham Loan & Savings Company, of which his son Samuel was manager. James bought the property in question, then undeveloped, in 1873 and subdivided it into four separate plots, now respectively known as 351, 355, 361 and 367 Wellington Street West. In 1886, Gardiner sold the property to William Berhorst and his wife Mary Catherine. Berhorst was a merchant tailor, who eventually built the present structure in 1891 as his family home. After Berhorst’s death the property past on to his daughter Frances and eventually changed hands many times. Design or Physical Value: 367 Wellington Street West is a representative example of vernacular architecture with some Queen Anne style elements. The façade and east elevation of the structure exhibit its historically significant architectural features. The gable roof with decoratively painted wooden bargeboard provide delicate detail to the façade. A second entrance on the east elevation provides evidence that a larger wrap around porch may have been originally constructed spanning the right side of the façade around to the east elevation. Red-brick is visible below the vinyl siding and on the chimney, indicating a brick foundation. Contextual Value: 367 Wellington Street West is located among a fine row of Queen Anne style homes that line the west side of Wellington Street West. It is surprising that these large homes, which were spaced on an urban scale, do not appear clustered. This is a neighbourhood that is still closely linked with the downtown core and much of its original continuity and grandness is still prevalent. Sources: 367 Wellington Street West research, Gerry Bossy. Municipality of Chatham-Kent Land Registry Records Windfall, 1979.


Exterior character defining elements on the façade and east elevation that contribute to the value of 367 Wellington Street West include its: - two-storey construction - gable roof - vernacular architecture - decorative wooden bargeboard - small paned windows - porticoed entrance - original second entrance on the east elevation with early door - red-brick foundation

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Characteristics that contribute to the contextual value of 367 Wellington Street West include: - one of a row of Queen Anne style residential structures lining Wellington Street West that retains the neighbourhood’s original continuity and grandness - proximity to the commercial downtown core

Contributing Resources Type: Count: Building 1 Area (m²) 1159 Dates of Significance # Type: From: To: 1 Construction 1891 1891 2 Significant (land subdivided) 1873 1873 BA # Type: Name: 1 Architect n/a 2 Builder n/a Function Category and Type Category and Type # Function: Category: Type: 1 Historic Residence Single Dwelling 2 Current Residence Single Dwelling Theme Theme Category Type # Category: Type: 1 Developing Economies Trade and Commerce

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Caption: Façade of 367 Wellington Street West

Southwest View of 367 Wellington Street West

Detailed View of 367 Wellington Street West’s Decorative Bargeboard

Description: East facing façade depicting the vernacular style architecture with some Queen Anne elements, 2011.

Detailed view of the second entrance on the building’s north elevation featuring an early door, 2011.

Featured is the decorative wooden bargeboard located on the façade and north elevation, 2011.




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325 Wellington Street West is located on the west side of Wellington Street West between Lacroix Street and First Street near the terminus of West Street in the City of Chatham, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. This three-storey red-brick residential building was constructed in the 1870s.


Historical or Associative Value: 325 Wellington Street West is associated with prominent Chatham lawyer, Matthew Wilson. Early in Wilson’s career his practice rapidly increased and he became well-known throughout Canada and England, where he was sent in 1893 to argue, successfully, a case before her Majesty’s Privy Council. In 1889, when only ten years at the Bar, he was elected a Queen’s Counsel. Matthew was especially skilled in municipal law and was noted in the Canada Law Journal of Toronto in 1900 as having perhaps the largest clientele of municipal corporations in the Province. He headed the law firm of Wilson, Pike & Gundy and for 15 years was the City Solicitor for Chatham. It was through this position that he became well-known as, “a man to turn defeat into victory.” He was a liberal supporter of educational and church institutions in Canada and abroad. Wilson left a lasting mark on the community of Chatham. His high school, the Chatham Collegiate Institute, still awards the Matthew Wilson Gold Medal for overall academics. Design or Physical Value: 325 Wellington Street West is an excellent example of the Queen Anne style of architecture, displaying a high degree of craftsmanship along with a tremendous variety and complexity of detail. This style is the zenith of 19th century picturesque. It was created by R.N. Shaw in England and spread through Canada via American architectural magazines. Primarily a residential style, a large number of narrow-lot versions in masonry, such as 325 Wellington Street West, were built in Ontario’s larger cities of the era. The structure’s complex massing, roof structure and eclectic brick details typify the style. The octagonal tower and gable window are embellished with white painted decorative woodwork, fish scale shingles, dentils and cast iron finials. The fenestration is varied with both small and large paned windows. The stained glass found in some of the windows is rumoured to have been installed by a young artist that the original owners hired from Germany. Contextual Value: 325 Welling Street West comprises one of a fine row of Queen Anne homes that line the west side of Wellington Street West. It is surprising that these large homes, which were spaced on an urban scale, do not appear clustered. This is a neighbourhood that is still closely linked with the downtown area and much of its original continuity and grandness is still prevalent. Sources: Commemorative Biographical Record of the County of Kent, 1904. Municipality of Chatham-Kent Land Registry Records Well-Preserved, 1992. Windfall, 1979.


Exterior character defining elements that contribute to the value of 325 Wellington Street West include its: - three-storey red-brick exterior - hipped and broad gabled roofs

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- complex massing - slate shingles - octagonal tower with cast iron finials - painted decorative wooden scroll work in the front gable - tall corbelled brick chimney with small pilasters - band of polychromatic brick under the eaves - wooden decorative dentils - corbelled brick work under the eaves - brick string course - large porch spanning the façade - glazed and panelled double entrance with arched transom - double front doors with half-round transom divided into two lights with small bevelled panes around the edges similar to the lights in the front doors - rusticated stone arch over the front door and the door sill - rusticated brick arches over the windows - stained glass windows on the side elevations - decorative brick pilasters on the second floor side bay - decorative blind arch over the window on the east side tower Characteristics that contribute to the contextual value of 325 Wellington Street West include: - one of a row of Queen Anne style residential structures lining Wellington Street West that retains the neighbourhood’s original continuity and grandness - large narrow-home built on an urban scale - proximity to the downtown core

Contributing Resources Type: Count: Building 1 Area (m²) 1012 Dates of Significance # Type: From: To: 1 Construction (circa) 1870 1879 BA # Type: Name: 1 Architect n/a 2 Builder n/a Function Category and Type Category and Type # Function: Category: Type: 1 Historic Residence Single Dwelling 2 Current Residence Single Dwelling Theme Theme Category Type # Category: Type: 1 Governing Canada Security and Law

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Caption: Southwest View of 325 Wellington Street West

South Elevation of 325 Wellington Street West

Detailed View of the Tower and Gable Roof of 325 Wellington Street West

Description: North and east elevations depicting the structure’s complex massing, 2011.

Featured is the eclectic detailing on the south elevation, specifically the octagonal tower, 2011.

Featured is the painted decorative wooden scroll work in the front gable, 2011.





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The William McVean House is located at 788 North Street on the northwest corner of North Street and Park Street in the Village of Dresden, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. The three-storey red-brick residential building was constructed circa 1901.


Historical or Associative Value: 788 North Street is associated with William McVean and the influential McVean family. It was the last of the three William McVean mansions to be built in Dresden and reflects the family’s fortune and status in the town, which spanned two eras. William’s father, Alexander, arrived in the Dresden area from Kingston in 1870 just before the community became a Village. Alexander had been involved in politics in Kingston, noted to be a “warm and personal friend” of Sir John A. MacDonald. Alexander, new to the area, represented a new kind of industrialist in Dresden. He moved to the Village with the express intention of establishing his five sons in the milling trade. When Alexander arrived, the British American Institute (BAI) grounds, on which 788 North Street is now located, and additional real estate holdings were being sold and he was at the forefront of amassing a fortune. By 1879 he had taken over sole ownership of the Hub and Spoke and Bending Factory. The factory became a success, and the McVean family dominated Dresden’s business community for nearly a half-century. They provided the economic driver for the Village, employing as many as 80 workers year round. William McVean and his brother Osgoode later took over the Hub and Spoke Factory and renamed it O & W McVean Co. to reflect their alliance. It continued to operate until 1927 when it was bought by the Victoria Wheel Company, which made parts for the Gray buggy company in Chatham – makers of the Gray-Dort automobile. William was well-known and liked throughout the community, contributing through his hobby, which was music. He was an ardent supporter of the Dresden Community Band, providing them with uniforms and playing in their concerts at the Jackson Park bandshell and on excursion boats. The house remained in the McVean family until 1978 when Helen McVean sold it to Dr. John Payne and his family. There are still numerous McVean descendents living in Dresden today. Design or Physical Value: The William McVean House is a good example of the Queen Anne style of architecture with an eclectic mix of elements reminiscent of Edwardian Classicism. The structure displays a high degree of craftsmanship and a great deal of variety and detail. This style is the zenith of 19th century picturesque, and was created by R.N. Shaw in England. It spread through Canada via American architectural magazines. The structure’s complex massing and eclectic details typify the style, as does its silhouette with both hipped and gabled roofs. Of note are the brackets, and “fan” motif decorative elements. There are a variety of windows, some half-round with transom and slightly segmentally arched, as well as projecting

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polygonal bays. Always maintained as a single family home, it’s original features are largely present. Contextual Value: Located at 788 North Street, the William McVean House is sited in one of Dresden’s most eclectic neighbourhoods, comprised of recreational, industrial, residential and institutional uses. The area represents a time when the Village was moving away from the river and developing into a modern industrial town. 788 North Street is just one of a number of the more prominent homes in the Village that represent the wealth generated by the McVean family. Sources: Building Heritage: A Guide to Historical Houses of Dresden, Ontario, 2004. Municipality of Chatham-Kent Land Registry Records Stepping Back in Time: Along the Trillium Trail in Dresden, 2003. Well-Preserved, 1992.


Exterior character defining elements that contribute to the value of the William McVean House include its: - three-storey red-brick exterior - hipped and broad gabled roofs - complex massing - inset porch on the second storey of the façade - cedar fish scale shingles in the pediment above the window on the façade - wooden “fan” motif on each side of the attic window - large panelled and corbelled decorative red-brick chimney - wooden brackets set atop stone bases - bay windows on two-stories on the east and south elevations - varied fenestration with half-round and segmentally arched windows - stone window sills - unique windows on both the north and south elevations, likely located in the interior staircase landing, with mutin bars forming narrow windows at the top and bottom and sides of the upper and lower sash - plinth course stone foundation Characteristics that contribute to the contextual value of the William McVean House include its: - location in one of Dresden’s most eclectic neighbourhoods - sited on a prominent corner lot in the Village of Dresden - located on land previously owned by the British American Institute

Contributing Resources Type: Count: Building 1 Area (m²) 1619 Dates of Significance # Type: From: To: 1 Construction (circa) 1901 1901 BA # Type: Name: 1 Architect n/a 2 Builder n/a Function Category and Type Category and Type # Function: Category: Type: 1 Historic Residence Single Dwelling 2 Current Residence Single Dwelling

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Caption: Façade of the William McVean House

Northwest View of the William McVean House

Detailed View of the William McVean House’s Gable Roof

Description: East facing façade of the William McVean House located at 788 North Street in Dresden, 2011.

Detailed view of the east and south elevations featuring the varied fenestration, 2011.

Featured is the cedar fish scale shingles and wooden “fan” motif in the gable of the façade, 2011.





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The log house at 6974 St. Philippes Line is located on the south side of St. Philippes Line between Winter Line Road and Ouellette Road in the Township of Dover, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. The one-storey log cabin was constructed in the 1860s.


Historical or Associative Value: The log house at 6974 St. Philippes Line is associated with the historic settlement of French immigrants in Kent County. Franco-Ontarian identity in this region is the result of the first of three historic waves of immigration that occurred during the 18th-century and came mainly from France and later from Quebec. These immigrants settled throughout south-western Ontario, many building log houses like the one at 6974 St. Philippes Line. Few small log homes have been discovered in the French communities of Chatham-Kent as intact as this one. All are of very similar plan and appearance and are important pieces of what remains of this community’s early francophone culture. The origin of the home has been traced back to Pierre Beaudin in the late 1800s and the Sylvains and Lozons in the 1900s, all early families who immigrated to the Township of Dover from Quebec. The structure has maintained its lineage of French ownership from its construction in the 1860s until the present day. It is believed that the log house was originally sited on the bank of a small creek that runs through the rear of the property, but was at some point moved up the lot, closer to the road. It was in this location that the structure was buried beneath years of additions. The location of the log house on St. Philippes Line is in close proximity to the original site of the local French Catholic church in St. Philippes Parish. This structure burnt down many years ago, but the associated cemetery remains. The Catholic church was later relocated to a more central location as road access improved, however the location of the log house in what now appears to be a very rural area, outside of the early French settlement of Grande Pointe, is indicative of a settlement that was more populated at the turn of the century. Design or Physical Value: The log house at 6974 St. Philippes Line is a rare example of an early, intact, largely unaltered log house. The francophone design is discernable from log homes constructed by the British given their unique fenestration, as well as the obvious character and history of the area. Like most of the earliest homes that were built of logs, the structure is of crude construction as expediency, haste and the need for temporary shelter would have precipitated its erection. It is composed of one room, with an attic, a central door on the front and rear, both of which are flanked by two windows (one window on the rear elevation has been altered to allow for a second door) and a later poured concrete foundation that is roughly two inches deep. Until the railways were laid, little millwork from outside the area was used, and the houses built in this earlier period were largely the product of local craftsmen and materials. It is likely that the Ash logs used in the construction were harvested onsite as the landscape would have been heavily forested at that time. Contextual Value: The log house at 6974 St. Philippes Line is located in the historic rural French

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parish of St. Philippes and is representative of the Quebecois practice of log home construction common at the time the area was being settled. Joined by Pain Coure and Grande Pointe, this is an area of Chatham-Kent made unique by its large population of francophone’s, many of which can trace their lineage back as many as a dozen generations to the original French settlers arriving in Canada from France. Sources: Early Buildings of Kent County, C.M. Anderson. French Language Services Act “Historical Gem Uncovered in Grande Pointe.” Media Release, 2010. Municipality of Chatham-Kent Land Registry Records Well-Preserved, 1992.


Exterior character defining elements that contribute to the value of the log house at 6974 St. Philippes Line include its: - one-storey Ash log construction - gable roof - horizontal logs - dove tailed corners - chinking - central door on the façade flanked by windows - rear elevation has a central door flanked by one window and another door - two-inch deep poured concrete foundation Characteristics that contribute to the contextual value of the log house at 6974 St. Philippes Line include its: - close proximity to the historic Catholic cemetery in St. Philippes Parish - location on a large rural property with creek access

Contributing Resources Type: Count: Building 1 Area (m²) 2170 Dates of Significance # Type: From: To: 1 Construction (circa) 1860 1869 BA # Type: Name: 1 Architect n/a 2 Builder n/a Function Category and Type Category and Type # Function: Category: Type: 1 Historic Residence Single Dwelling 2 Current Residence Outbuilding Theme Theme Category Type # Category: Type: 1 Peopling The Land Settlement

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Caption: Façade of the Log House at 6974 St. Philippes Line

Rear Elevation of the Log Cabin at 6974 St. Philippes Line

Detailed View of the Log Cabin at 6974 St. Philippes Line

Description: Featured is the one-storey Ash log construction, 2010.

Detailed view of the rear central door flanked by one window and another door, 2010.

Featured are the horizontal logs and chinking with dove tailed corners, 2010.

Copyright: Dave Benson, 2010. Dave Benson, 2010. Dave Benson, 2010. Miscellaneous Info: n/a n/a n/a

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7823 Bay Line is located on the north side of Bay Line between Bear Line Road and Owen Road in the Township of Dover, Municipality of Chatham-Kent. The two-storey red-brick residential building was constructed circa 1897.


Historical or Associative Value: 7823 Bay Line reflects a long history of agriculture in the Municipality of Chatham-Kent having been built circa 1897 in the rural agricultural setting of Dover Township. In 1874, George Kennedy an Irish-Canadian farmer from Sheffield Twp., Lennox-Addington County, Ontario, bought Lot 18 in the 13th Concession of Dover Township. Although he owned the land he did not immediately move to Dover Township. Instead he rented the land to his fellow Irish farmers, many of whom were from the same region of Eastern Ontario where he lived. In 1896, George Kennedy, his wife Martha and their children moved to Dover Township and lived in a log cabin for one year while the brick house was being built. It should also be noted that George Kennedy’s brother Adam Kennedy came to Kent County and built an identical home which is located at 26165 St. Clair Road (Hwy 40) in Chatham Township. George Kennedy and his family were a prominent, well known and respected farming family for many years in Dover Township. The farm remained in the Kennedy family until 1950 when it was sold to Reginald and Betty Rikley. After Reginald’s death, Betty remarried to Thomas Edward “Ed” Chinnick, an influential farmer and former Reeve and councilor for Chatham Township. Betty then severed the surrounding farm land from the residence and sold the home in 1973. Design or Physical Value: 7823 Bay Line is a good example of the Queen Anne style of architecture and has always been maintained as a single family home. The exterior of the building displays a high degree of craftsmanship with its complex massing and varied roof structure. Of note are the decorative brackets, bay windows on two stories, varied fenestration and wrap-around porch with spindlework and other intricate woodwork adorning the porch supports. The original Oak, uniquely large, custom-built main and rear entrance doors still remain. The slate shingled roof is notable as is the decorative gingerbread in the front gable. The addition of square cast iron tie rod ends is unique as this element is seldom found on residential structures, especially the more delicate Queen Anne style homes. The interior Oak woodwork throughout the first and second floor of the early portion of the structure is original and intact. All of the rooms exhibit intricate details from 12-inch baseboards to wainscoting, door and window surrounds with corner blocks, and chair rails. The solid oak decorative staircase that leads from the first to second floor is exceptional, as are the original five-panelled interior doors on the first and second floors. Contextual Value: Located at 7823 Bay Line, this good example of a Queen Anne style farm house is located in a rural agricultural setting in the Township of Dover. The

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home is prominently sited close to the road, allowing for easy admiration from passersby. The structure is surrounded on all sides by farmland and set amongst a growth of trees that offers a break from the strong winds that blow across the surrounding open fields. Sources: Kent Agricultural Hall of Fame Municipality of Chatham-Kent Land Registry Records Well-Preserved, 1992. Joanne Sewell (nee Kennedy), great granddaughter of George Kennedy The Chatham Daily Planet The Chatham Daily News Library and Archives of Canada (Census data) Archives of Ontario (Births, Marriages, and Death records)


Exterior character defining elements that contribute to the value of 7823 Bay Line include its: - two-and-a-half-storey red-brick exterior - hipped and broad gabled roofs - complex massing - slate shingles - lightening arresters - square cast iron tie rod ends - two-storey bay window on the façade - varied fenestration of half-round windows with transom and slightly segmentally arched windows - typical Queen Anne style decorative brackets at the side of the bay windows - decorative brackets on the porch with spindlework and turned porch posts - decorative metal door knob and metal bell on the uncharacteristically large Oak front door - stone foundation with plinth course Interior character defining elements that contribute to the value of the Oak woodwork of 7823 Bay Line include its: - original main, rear and side entrance doors - original five-panelled interior doors - original cast iron door hinges - oak wainscoting in the kitchen, laundry room and around the chimney in the living room - 12-inch baseboards - chair rail - door surrounds with corner blocks - window surrounds with corner blocks - ornate staircase leading to the second floor from the first - decorative wooden trim on the outside corner of the plaster wall in living room next to bay window Characteristics that contribute to the contextual value of 7823 Bay Line include its: - rural agricultural setting - prominent location close to the road - framing by a growth of trees that delineate the homestead from the surrounding open fields

Contributing Resources Type: Count: Building 1

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Caption: Façade of 7823 Bay Line

Northwest View of 7823 Bay Line

Detailed View of the Interior Oak Woodwork of 7823 Bay Line

Description: South facing façade depicting the complex massing of the Queen Anne style structure, 2011.

Detailed view of the decorative brackets on the porch with spindlework and turned porch posts, 2011.

Featured is the original Oak five-panelled interior doors, wainscoting and door surrounds, 2011.




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