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Health City Policy and Design Strategies

Environmental Stewardship

ES.1. Decrease consumption of energy and natural resources

Policy and Design Strategies Case Studies/Sources

Provide incentive programs for developers who contribute to achieving target or compliance with LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Silver (or higher) certification standards.

The Mayor’s Task Force on Green Building for the City and County of San Francisco: Report and Recommendations http://www.sfenvironment.org/downloads/library/gbtfrrreleasev1.3.pdf; US Green Building Council: LEED Rating Systems http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=222; SF Public Utilities Commission: New Construction http://sfwater.org/mto_main.cfm/MC_ID/12/MSC_ID/142/MTO_ID/365

Assess ecosystem quality using CITYgreen, a tool developed by American Forests to analyze Stormwater Runoff, Air Quality, Summer Energy Savings, Carbon Storage and Avoidance, and Tree Growth.

American Forests: CITYgreen. http://www.americanforests.org/productsandpubs/citygreen/; Flex Your Power: Commercial Office Buildings Energy Profile. http://www.fypower.org/bpg/module.html?b=offices&m=Planning_an_Energy_Program&s=Energy_Profiles

Adopt measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions using resources, tools, and technical assistance from the International council for Local Environmental Initiatives' (ICLEI) Cities for Climate Protection (CCP) Campaign.

San Francisco Department of the Environment "San Francisco Climate Action Plan" http://sfenvironment.org/downloads/library/climateactionplan.pdfInternational council for Local Environmental Initiatives' (ICLEI) Cities for Climate Protection (CCP) Campaign. http://www.iclei.org/index.php?id=800; Canadian Partners for Climate Protection. http://www.sustainablecommunities.fcm.ca/Partners-for-Climate-Protection/

Use salvaged, refurbished, or reused materials and fixtures in lieu of new materials, when available and appropriate.

Urban Ore http://urbanore.ypguides.net/; County of San Mateo: Where to Buy Green Building Materials? http://recycleworks.dev.ikorb.com/cgi-bin/bin/user/guide.pl?id_guide=24

Employ low-waste landscaping techniques, such as the selection of native, drought resistant plants, recycled or captured water irrigation, and drip irrigation.

CA Integrated Waste Management Board http://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/Organics/landscaping/

Fit all homes and businesses with water saving fixtures, including high efficiency toilets and low-flow shower heads.

San Francisco Green Business Program Water Conservation Guide. http://www2.sfenvironment.org/greenbiz/files/water.pdf and Sierra Club. Improving Water Conservation: Opportunities for San Francisco Bay Area Water Supply

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Agencies http://lomaprieta.sierraclub.org/water_conservation_report.pdf

Ensure appliances such as clothes washing and dishwashing machines be Energy Star certified, where provided by developer.

US EPA, Department of Energy, Energy Star. http://www.energystar.gov/; US EPA, Region 9. "Bay Area Developer Receives Energy Star Award." http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/2dd7f669225439b78525735900400c31/7c85c2868ffa0a738525744300767cb2

Require the installation of solar paneling atop buildings with the highest allowed height limits, where possible.

Vote Solar Initiative http://www.votesolar.org/index.html

Educate all new residents and businesses on how to conserve water and the associated benefits.

SF Public Utilities Commission: Water Conservation. http://sfwater.org/mc_main.cfm/MC_ID/16

Inform residents and businesses of existing rebate programs (e.g., San Francisco Public Utilities Commission toilet and clothes washing machine rebate programs) to encourage the replacement of less efficient water fixtures or appliances with more efficient ones.

SF Public Utilities Commission: Water Rebates. http://sfwater.org/msc_main.cfm/MC_ID/16/MSC_ID/364

All residences and businesses should prepare maintenance plans for proactive prevention of leaky water fixtures.

SF Water Savers. http://208.106.143.189/

Reduce energy usage with energy efficient lighting (e.g., compact fluorescent or LED (light emitting diode) light bulbs) and the efficient use of windows to reduce the need for artificial lighting during daylight hours.

SF Public Utilities Commission: Energy Efficiency. http://sfwater.org/msc_main.cfm/MC_ID/12/MSC_ID/142

Retrofit existing open-air parking lots and off-street loading areas to minimize negative effects on microclimate and stormwater infiltration (The City's Stormwater Master Plan will provide guidance).

Stormwater Manager's Resource Center: Better Site Design Fact Sheet Green Parking. http://www.stormwatercenter.net/Assorted%20Fact%20Sheets/Tool4_Site_Design/GreenParking.htm

Reuse construction materials. San Francisco Environment: Construction and Demolition Debris Recycling. http://www.sfenvironment.org/our_programs/interests.html?ssi=3&ti=5&ii=125 and Cities and Public Agencies in Alameda County with Construction and Demolition Ordinances http://www.stopwaste.org/docs/ordinance_matrix_condensed_2.062.pdf

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ES.2. Restore, preserve and protect healthy natural habitats


Require green roofs on new municipal and on existing municipal buildings when their roofs are replaced.

Toronto, Canada Green Roofs Policy http://www.toronto.ca/greenroofs/policy.htm#making

Provide financial incentives that offset initial and ongoing operation costs of greenroofs (e.g., subsidies or grants for capital costs, reduction or rebate in water or energy rates).

UC Davis. "Green Roofs: A Sustainable Technology Sustainability and the Built Environment UC Davis Extension" http://extension.ucdavis.edu/unit/green_building_and_sustainable_design/pdf/resources/green_roof.pdf; City of Chicago, Green Roofs Policies and Incentives. http://egov.cityofchicago.org/city/webportal/portalContentItemAction.do?topChannelName=HomePage&contentOID=536910903&Failed_Reason=Invalid+timestamp,+engine+has+been+restarted&contenTypeName=COC_EDITORIAL&com.broadvision.session.new=Yes&Failed_Page=%2fwebportal%2fportalContentItemAction.do

Design the project site to maintain natural stormwater flows by promoting infiltration trenches.

Stormwater Manager's Resource Center: Stormwater Management Fact Sheet: Infiltration Trench. http://www.stormwatercenter.net/Assorted%20Fact%20Sheets/Tool6_Stormwater_Practices/Infiltration%20Practice/Infiltration%20Trench.htm

Require the use of porous surface materials like vegetated roofs, porous pavement, and other measures to minimize impervious surfaces and increase natural ground absorption of rainfall.

University of Connecticut. Nonpoint Education for Municipal Officials, Planning for Stormwater: Permeable Pavements http://nemo.uconn.edu/tools/stormwater/pavements.htm

Reuse stormwater for non-potable uses such as landscape irrigation, toilet and urinal flushing and custodial uses.

US EPA Region 9: Guidelines for Water Reuse. http://www.epa.gov/ord/NRMRL/pubs/625r04108/625r04108.pdf; City of San Diego Water Department: Recycled Water: http://www.sandiego.gov/water/recycled/ and Tuscan Water: Reclaimed Water. http://www.ci.tucson.az.us/water/reclaimed_water.htm

Improve the safety, continuity, and functionality of transit, bicycle, disabled, and pedestrian access to and between parks, the shoreline, open spaces, and recreation facilities, especially from new developments through the use of established best practices.

Victoria Transport Policy Institute: Pedestrian and Bicycle PlanningA Guide to Best Practices. www.vtpi.org/nmtguide.doc

Prevent any net loss of open space by prohibiting public facilities such as parking garages, streets, and buildings on existing open space. If any potential loss is anticipated, development shall replace the open space with a 1:1 ratio within the

San Francisco Planning Department: Recreation and Open Space. http://www.sfgov.org/site/planning_index.asp?id=24887#ros.cty.2.2

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project area or community.

When developing a new project, ensure that each unit has access to water sources to install and maintain green space.

City of Chicago, Green Roofs Policies and Incentives. http://egov.cityofchicago.org/city/webportal/portalContentItemAction.do?topChannelName=HomePage&contentOID=536910903&Failed_Reason=Invalid+timestamp,+engine+has+been+restarted&contenTypeName=COC_EDITORIAL&com.broadvision.session.new=Yes&Failed_Page=%2fwebportal%2fportalContentItemAction.do

Retain city-owned land that could be used to develop future park sites.

San Francisco Planning Department: Recreation and Open Space. http://www.sfgov.org/site/planning_index.asp?id=24887#ros.cty.2.2

ES.3. Promote food access and sustainable urban and rural agriculture


Encourage restaurants and commercial refuse customers to take advantage of The Uniform Commercial Rate Structure program through Golden Gate Disposal to increase their diversion rate of compostables.

SF Recycling: Commercial Collection Overview http://www.goldengatedisposal.com/commercial/index.php?t=bSan Franisco Department of the Environment, Compost and Green Waste Program http://www.sfrecycling.com/residential/composting.php?t=r

Provide funding for equipment purchase that would allow the use of electronic benefits transfer (EBT) card at all farmers' markets.

Ecology Center: EBT Farmers' Market Nutrition Project http://www.ecologycenter.org/ebt/

Include a sunny space for a community garden in new developments.

Troy Gardens, Madison, WI http://www.troygardens.org/

Provide community gardens with free water, free trash pick-up, and other municipal resources.

Green Policy, Resolutions and Ordinance Database: Woollahra, Australia Municipal Council Draft on Community Gardens Policy http://www.greenpolicy.us/Woollahra,_Australia_Municipal_Council_Draft_on_Community_Gardens_Policy; Local Government Commission. Cultivating Community Gardens: The Role of Local Government in Creating Healthy, Livable Neighborhoods. http://www.lgc.org/freepub/PDF/Land_Use/fact_sheets/community_gardens_cs.pdf

Provide an easily accessible area serving the entire building that is dedicated to the collection and storage of non-hazardous materials for recycling and composting.

US Green Building Council: LEED for Retail - Commercial Interiors. http://www.usgbc.org/ShowFile.aspx?DocumentID=3307

Require clearly marked recycling bins next City of Santa Barbara, CA. Recycling and Trash

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to each of the trash bins throughout new projects and in public spaces.

Information. http://www.santabarbaraca.gov/recycling-trash/aroundtown_parks.htm

Utilize the Environmental Protection Agency's guidelines to measure and improve citywide recycling rates.

US EPA. Measuring Recycling: A Guide for State and Local Governments. http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/non-hw/recycle/recmeas/download.htm

Identify and utilize publicly-owned vacant land suitable for community gardening.

Trust for Public Land. New York City Community Gardens. http://www.tpl.org/tier3_cdl.cfm?content_item_id=18995&folder_id=2928

Ensure that farmers' markets are sufficiently served by public transportation.

An Assessment of San Francisco's Farmers' Markets. http://www.sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/sffood/policy_reports/2007%20SF%20Farmers%20Market%20Assessment.pdf; World Hunger Year: Farmers' Markets. http://www.worldhungeryear.org/fslc/faqs/ria_047c.asp?section=4&click=4

Provide an expedited permit review process for all retail businesses providing a minimum of 10% shelf space for fresh produce.

Food and Society Update. San Francisco Good Neighbor Project. http://ola.wkkf.org/fasupdate/2006/february/feature.html; Healthy Corner Stores Network http://www.healthycornerstores.org/index.php

Identify a multi-use flexible space in office and residential buildings to store CSA boxes during delivery day.

US Department of Agriculture: Community Supported Agriculture http://www.nal.usda.gov/afsic/pubs/csa/csa.shtml

ES.4. Promote productive reuse of previously contaminated sites


Educate developers about local Brownfield tax incentives, which allow taxpayers to fully deduct the costs of environmental cleanups in the year the costs were incurred rather than spreading them over a period of years to spur the cleanup and redevelopment of brownfields.

US EPA. Brownfields Tax Incentives. http://www.epa.gov/swerosps/bf/bftaxinc.htm; US EPA. SBC Park, San Francisco Case Study. EPA Document Number: EPA 560-F-05-224. http://www.epa.gov/swerosps/bf/pdf/sfcasestudy070505.pdf

Revitalize all types of contaminated land to productive economic and green space use.

Heron's Head Park. Literacy for Environmental Justice. http://www.lejyouth.org/programs/conv.html

Work with Groundwork USA to help people reuse brownfields for community benefit instead of only economic development.

GroundworkUSA: Brownfields. http://www.groundworkusa.net/GW_USA/brown.html

Permit special zoning variances (such as density bonuses) on brownfield sites, since increasing the allowable development may

Northeast-Midwest Institute. Financing Brownfield Cleanup and Redevelopment. http://www.nemw.org/brownfin.htm; US EPA & Land-of-

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offset the additional costs of cleanup and make financing more viable.

Sky Regional Council. Stimulating Infill and Brownfield Development in the Land-of-Sky Region http://www.epa.gov/dced/pdf/losrc_brownfields.pdf

From the outset, inform the community of and include them in decisions regarding the brownfield site risk assessment, cleanup alternatives, and end uses.

American Planning Association: Creating Community-Based Brownfield Redevelopment Strategies Resource List. http://www.planning.org/brownfields/pdf/resourcelist.pdf

Ensure that redevelopment of contaminated sites does not displace existing residents by assuring that affordable housing options remain in neighborhood (i.e. via rent control, inclusionary zoning, other tax incentive-based legislation).

Brookings Institute and PolicyLink. Dealing with Neighborhood Change: A Primer on Gentrification and Policy Choices. http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/reports/2001/04metropolitanpolicy_maureen%20kennedy%20and%20paul%20leonard/gentrification.pdf; The Urban Institute. Leading Indicators of Gentrification in D.C. Neighborhoods. http://www.urban.org/publications/900461.html

Incorporate pollution prevention measures into new business operations to ensure that they are as “clean” as possible.

US EPA. Small Business Pollution Prevention Guide. http://www.epa.gov/oppt/p2home/pubs/assist/sbg.htm and Sector Strategies Program http://www.epa.gov/sectors/

Consider creating municipal programs to perform essential up-front activities, such as providing area-wide site assessments, assembling disparate parcels, and performing remediation to make brownfield sites “market-ready” for potential developers.

Northeast-Midwest Institute. State Brownfield Financing Tools and Strategies. http://www.nemw.org/BFStateFinTools.pdf; City of Milwaukee Tax Increment Financing White Paper and Recommendations. http://www.lisc.org/milwaukee/about_us/publications_2378/recommendations_10322.pdf

ES.5. Preserve clean air quality


Re-designate truck routes away from areas with high asthma rates and sensitive land uses such as schools, residential areas, parks, childcare centers, and hospitals.

Urban Habitat: Ditching Diesel. http://www.urbanhabitat.org/node/163; CA Assembly Committee on Labor and Employment and Assembly Select Committee on Ports. Testimony of Swati R. Prakash. "The Intermodal Transportation System Revisited: Exploring Solutions for Port Drivers and Surrounding Communities - A Bay Area Perspective" http://www.pacinst.org/publications/testimony/Prakash%20testimony%20Swanson%20hearing.pdf

Locate new residential buildings and other sensitive locations at least 500 feet from high traffic volume roads and stationary sources of air pollution.

California Air Resources Board "Air Quality and Land Use Handbook: A Community Health Perspective" http://www.arb.ca.gov/ch/landuse.htm

Work with the Police Department to enforce The Pacific Institute: West Oakland Environmental

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fines for illegal truck idling. Indicators Project. Clearing the Air: Reducing Diesel Pollution in West Oakland. http://www.pacinst.org/reports/diesel/clearing_the_air_final.pdf; Bnet - Business Network. N.J. Police Can Ticket Trucks for Illegal Idling http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb5935/is_200509/ai_n23937670; US EPA. Compilation of State, County, and Local Anti-Idling Regulations http://epa.gov/smartway/documents/420b06004.pdf

Require warehouse and distribution facilities to provide adequate on site truck parking.

Whole Building Design Guide: Warehouses. http://www.wbdg.org/design/warehouse.php

Require refrigerated warehouses to provide generators so refrigerated trucks do not have to idle.

Refrigerated Transporter. AuraGen and Oasis all-electric refrigeration solution is exempt from CARB's measure. http://refrigeratedtrans.com/refrigeration/equipment/auragen_oasis_allelectric_0708/

Include dust control measures and best available control emissions technologies for construction equipment to reduce the amount of toxics and particulate release into the air during demolition and construction.

Idaho Department of Environmental Quality. Controlling Fugitive Dust at Construction Sites http://www.deq.state.id.us/multimedia_assistance/construction/fugitive_dust_brochure_0708.pdf; City of Albuquerque. Fugitive Dust Control Techniques and Businesses. http://www.cabq.gov/airquality/fugitivedustcontrol.html; El Dorado County, CA. Environmental Management. Construction Dust Rules. http://www.co.el-dorado.ca.us/emd/apcd/construction_dust_rules.html

Incorporate engineering strategies to ensure that new buildings maintain clean indoor air quality. Strategies could include providing mechanical ventilation; keeping building interiors under positive pressure; installing particulate filtration and carbon filtration as needed; and locating air intakes away from pollution sources.

Architectural Engineer http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_engineer_(PE) Indoor Air Quality http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoor_air_quality

Inform all potential buyers of all increased health risk associated with living close to major highways and thoroughfares and educate them in the proper use of any installed air filtration.

US EPA. Guide to Air Cleaners in the Home http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/airclean.html

Require an HVAC system with filtration for sensitive use sites that are within 500 feet of a high traffic road (100,000 vehicles per day) to reduce/mitigate infiltration of vehicle emissions if warranted by exposure analysis.

Building Air Quality: A Guide for Building Owners and Facility Managers http://www.epa.gov/iaq/largebldgs/baqtoc.html

Consider limiting building heights adjacent to roadways with high traffic flows. Taller

"Strategic guidelines for street canyon geometry to achieve sustainable street air quality—part II: multiple

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buildings create “urban canyons” which can reduce the dispersion of air pollutants and increase ambient exposure levels. Dispersion analysis could inform where to allow higher buildings.

canopies and canyons" http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VH3-48KV9GJ-4&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=820863d5c654efcd90bb6787ffb8888a

Provide an adequate amount of short-term, on-street curbside freight loading spaces in PDR areas to avoid double parking and idling.

US Department of Energy. National Idling Reduction Network http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/resources/fcvt_national_idling.html

Apply California Air Resource Board's Air Quality and Land Use Handbook regulations for large stationary sources (e.g., refineries, power plants, chemical facilities, etc) and small stationary sources (e.g., dry cleaners, auto body shops, welders, chrome plating facilities, service stations, etc), including:(1) Operating permit rules;(2) Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Law (AB 2588); (3) Local district rules;(4) Air Toxic Control Measures (ATCMs);(5) New Source Review rules.

Apply regulations for mobile sources (non-fleet - e.g., cars, trucks, buses), including:(1) Emission standards;(2) Cleaner-burning fuels (i.e., unleaded gasoline, low-sulfur diesel);(3) Inspection and repair programs (i.e., Smog Check)

Apply regulations for mobile/construction equipment. Applicable regulations include ARB rules and US EPA rules.


ES.6. Maintain safe levels of community noise


Adequately maintain City-owned vehicles and travel surfaces to minimize noise.

Austrian Ministry of Science and Transport and the Innovation and Technology Fund (ITF). Low Noise Roads. http://info.tuwien.ac.at/epucher/LN_R_eng.htm. Green Pages. Silent Roads for Cost Effective Noise Reduction. http://www.eco-web.com/editorial/00645.html

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Retain and expand the electric trolley network.

SF Municipal Transportation Agency. Electric Trolley Buses. http://www.sfmta.com/cms/mfleet/trolley.htm; Market Street Railway. Vision for the E Line. http://www.streetcar.org/msr/projects/vision/index.html

Require construction standards exceeding California Title 24 noise insulation requirements through the use of noise-insulating windows and acoustical exterior doors and walls.

CA Energy Commission. http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/; Architectural acoustics. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_acoustics

Reduce traffic speeds on adjacent residential streets through traffic calming measures (especially traffic circles, semi-diverters, and diagonal diverters).

Institute of Transportation Engineers: Traffic Calming Measures http://www.ite.org/traffic/tcdevices.asp; City of Portland, Office of Transportation. Speed Reduction Traffic Calming Devices. http://www.portlandonline.com/transportation/index.cfm?c=38748

If noise is greater than 65 decibels, notify all potential buyers that the property they are occupying has significant noise risks.

Arizona Department of Real Estate, Buyer Advisory. http://www.aaronline.com/documents/buy_advis.pdf; Oak to Ninth Avenue Health Impact Assessment Chapter 7 Community Noise. http://ehs.sph.berkeley.edu/hia/O2N.HIA.C7.pdf

Design units exposed to high noise levels with interior courtyards and patios that open into acoustically protected and shielded areas.

NYC High Performance Building Guidelines. http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/guidelines.pdf

Incorporate noise insulation materials in new construction, especially near busy roadways or industrial uses.

CA Energy Commission. http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/; Architectural acoustics. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_acoustics

Promote site planning, building orientation and design, and interior layout that will lessen noise intrusion.

City of New York, Department of Design and Construction. High Performance Building Guidelines. http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/guidelines.pdf

Use feasible traffic demand management actions such as transit and intersection improvements, traffic calming, congestion pricing, carpool lanes, and rideshare programs.

Victoria Transport Policy Institute: TDM Encyclopedia http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm12.htm; European Federation for Transport and Environment. Transport Noise Sources and Solutions. http://www.transportenvironment.org/module-htmlpages-display-pid-19.html

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Sustainable Transportation

ST.1. Decrease private motor vehicle trips and miles traveled


Establish transportation impact fees based on the number of vehicle trips generated by projects.

Municipal Research and Services Center of Washington: Transportation Impact Fees http://www.mrsc.org/Subjects/Planning/transimpactfees.aspx

Separate or “unbundle” the sale or rent of parking spaces from that of the housing/commercial space. San Francisco Planning Code: Article 1.5 Off-Street

Parking and Loading. Section. 167. Parking Costs Separated From Housing Costs in New Residential Buildings http://www.sfgov.org/site/bdsupvrs_page.asp?id=36965; Boston Metropolitan Area Planning Council. Sustainable Transportation Toolkit: Unbundle Parking http://transtoolkit.mapc.org/Parking/Strategies/unbundle_parking.htm; Urban Land Institute. "Parking: The Expensive Amenity" http://www.uli.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&CONTENTID=100067&TEMPLATE=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm

Create a system whereby residents in mixed-use developments can rent their personal parking spaces to building patrons on an hourly basis when they are not using them.

Prioritize development projects located near high capacity, frequent, and reliable public transit.

Center for Transit Oriented Development http://www.reconnectingamerica.org/public/tod

Increase street connectivity. In new developments, favor a gridiron street layout. In older neighborhoods with curved, disconnected streets install pedestrian/bicycle pathways to increase connectivity.

Victoria Transport Policy Institute. Online TDM Encyclopedia: Roadway Connectivity http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm116.htm; Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation: The Fused Grid http://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/en/inpr/su/sucopl/fugr/index.cfm

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Eliminate residential car parking minimum requirements and require all parking to be located underground or on the ground floor if wrapped in active uses on all public frontages, especially in transit-rich, mixed-use areas.

Urban Action. "Residential Parking Regulation in San Francisco: The Unintended Consequences of Residential Parking Minimums" http://bss.sfsu.edu/urbanaction/ua2007/articlesPDF/parking.pdf; San Francisco Planning and Urban Research. "Parking and Livability in Downtown San Francisco: Parking policies to discourage congestion and improve the urban environment in the new, mixed-use downtown" http://www.spur.org/documents/050101_report_01.shtm

Implement congestion pricing policies on road facilities, particularly in areas with high traffic volumes.

Victoria Transport Policy Institute. "London Congestion Pricing" http://www.vtpi.org/london.pdf; Norwegian Cordon Tolls www.progress-project.org/Progress/tron.html

Establish a residential transit pass program funded by monthly or annual homeowners’ fees. The transit pass program should subsidize free or discounted passes for below market rate units.

Transportation and Land Use Coalition. "It Takes a Transit Village: How Better Planning Can Save the Bay Area Billions of Dollars and Ease the Housing Shortage" http://www.transcoalition.org/reports/it_takes_transit_village.pdf; University of Washington Regional Visioning Project. Tools: Location Efficient Mortgages, Seattle, Washington http://depts.washington.edu/visions/ToolsExamples.htm; Bay Area Metropolitan Transportation Commission. TransLink for Transit Oriented Development (TOD): Pilot Project http://apps.mtc.ca.gov/meeting_packet_documents/agenda_1087/11_Translink_for_TOD.pdf

Work with local and/or regional transit agencies to provide subsidized transit passes to tenants in below market rate units and other transit-dependent tenants (e.g., persons with disabilities, seniors, and youth).

Require or incentivize employers to subsidize employees who commute to work via mass transit, bicycle or foot.

SF Environment. Commuter Benefits http://www.commuterbenefits.org; San Francisco Chronicle "Emeryville firm pays employees to bike" http://www.sfchroniclemarketplace.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/07/30/BUQF121EKO.DTL

Ensure that all employees have access to tax incentives for mass transit (e.g., commuter check programs).

SF Environment. Commuter Benefits http://www.commuterbenefits.org

Provide no-cost shuttles between worksites, homes, and regional public transit.

University of California, San Francisco Shuttle Bus Program http://www.campuslifeservices.ucsf.edu/transportation/shuttles/; New Jersey Department of Transportation: Commute Alternatives Employer-sponsored Shuttles http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/commuter/smartmoves/empshuttles.shtm

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Make parking spaces available to any car-share entity in perpetuity with 90 days notice in development with 50 or more parking spaces. Car-share spaces should be provided at the rate of one space for developments with 50 or more spaces, plus an additional space for every 100 spaces over 50. Car-share spaces would not count against any maximum parking requirement.

San Francisco Planning Code: Article 1.5 Off-Street Parking and Loading. Section. 166. Car Sharing. http://www.sfgov.org/site/bdsupvrs_page.asp?id=36965; Livable City: Residential Parking Reform for Downtown San Francisco http://www.livablecity.org/campaigns/c3.html

Support efforts to proactively and publicly promote the use of car-share programs by providing public information on vehicle locations and availability.

Metropolitan Transportation Commission. City CarShare Partners with BART and MTC http://www.mtc.ca.gov/news/press_releases/archive/rel212.htm

Establish minimum parking prices that exceed the unsubsidized cost of transit fares.

San Francisco Department of Public Health Comment on Hastings Parking Garage Project DEIR http://209.85.141.104/search?q=cache:bETz9EMg_ukJ:www.dph.sf.ca.us/phes/publications/comments/HastingsParkingDEIR.pdf+Comment+on+Hastings+Parking+Garage+Project+DEIR+sfdph&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=3&gl=us&client=firefox-a

Provide secure, covered bicycle parking and changing facilities at workplaces.

San Francisco Bicycle Coalition: SF Bike Guide for Employers http://www.sfbike.org/?Employers_start; Cycle Friendly Employers: Equipment and Facilities http://www.cyclefriendlyemployers.org.uk/equipment_and_facilities.php

Use excess parking spaces for alternative uses such as additional bicycle parking, CSA drop-off sites, additional car-share spaces, and/or space to store for building-shared shopping carts in developments where/when not all car parking spaces are utilized.

Singapore Urban Redevelopment Authority: Circulars 2008 http://www.ura.gov.sg/circulars/text/dc08-02.htm; Louisville Planning Commission http://www.ci.louisville.co.us/Council/2005agendas/2005agendainfo/1february2005/res6pcstaffreport.pdf

Implement employee parking parameters to reduce driving, such as: preferred carpool parking; parking priced above the cost of transit fares and at par with the market price for proximate all-day parking facilities; not offering long-term parking pass discounts; not allowing reserved individual employee parking spaces.

University of California Transportation Center. "Employer-Paid Parking: The Problem and Proposed Solutions" http://www.uctc.net/papers/119.pdf; Transportation Research Board. The High Cost of Free Parking (ppt) www.trb.org/Conferences/RoadPricing/Presentations/Shoup.ppt; Maryland Governor’s Office of Smart Growth "Driving Urban Environments: Smart Growth Parking Best Practices" http://www.smartgrowth.state.md.us/pdf/Final%20Parking%20Paper.pdf; Boston Metropolitan Area Planning Council "Sustainable Transportation Toolkit: Parking" http://transtoolkit.mapc.org/Parking/Strategies/parking_and_TDM.htm

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Provide a dedicated central space to display information about public transit and other alternative transportation options (e.g., bike lanes, car-sharing, car pooling) in the neighborhood, residential or employee facilities.

North Bethesda Transportation Center: Customized Community Resource Packages http://www.nbtc.org/community.html; Clean Air Day Canada: Lobby Display http://www.cleanairday.com/html/Activities.php#lobby

Reduce vehicle trips and miles traveled through transportation demand management strategies such as parking cash-out policies, commuter checks, emergency ride home programs, provision of information (e.g., transit schedules, bike maps), incentives (e.g., for walking and biking to work), carpool matching programs, preferential carpool/vanpool parking, secure (indoor) bike parking, employee showers/changing facilities, and telecommuting options.

Victoria Transport Policy Institute: Transportation Demand Management Encyclopedia http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm12.htm

Mitigate economic barriers and inequities when selecting appropriate Transportation Demand Management (TDM) measures by subsidizing transit passes based on household income (e.g., <200% poverty level) or housing costs (e.g., for below-market rate units), or providing discounts on car-share memberships or discounts on new bicycles and helmets.

Victoria Transport Policy Institute: Transportation Demand Management Encyclopedia "Equity Evaluation: Perspectives and Methods for Evaluating the Equity Impacts of Transportation Decisions" http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm13.htm

Encourage banks and mortgage companies to offer location efficient mortgages to homebuyers in walkable, transit rich areas. These mortgages take into account the money homebuyers will save by reducing or eliminating private automobile usage, which increases the amount of money they are able to borrow for a mortgage.

Location Efficient Mortgages http://www.locationefficiency.com/; Victoria Transport Policy Institute. Transport Demand Management: Location Efficient Development and Mortgages http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm22.htm

ST.2. Provide affordable and accessible public transportation options


Establish a residential transit pass program funded by monthly or annual homeowners’ fees. The transit pass program should subsidize free or discounted passes for below market rate units.

Transportation and Land Use Coalition. "It Takes a Transit Village: How Better Planning Can Save the Bay Area Billions of Dollars and Ease the Housing Shortage" http://www.transcoalition.org/reports/it_takes_transit_village.pdf; University of Washington Regional Visioning Project. Tools: Location Efficient Mortgages, Seattle, Washington

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http://depts.washington.edu/visions/ToolsExamples.htm; Bay Area Metropolitan Transportation Commission. TransLink for Transit Oriented Development (TOD): Pilot Project http://apps.mtc.ca.gov/meeting_packet_documents/agenda_1087/11_Translink_for_TOD.pdf

Work with local and/or regional transit agencies to provide subsidized transit passes to tenants in below market rate units and other transit-dependent tenants (e.g., persons with disabilities, seniors, and youth).

Provide adequate lighting and obstacle-free sidewalks between buildings and transit stops through collaborations between developers and local responsible agencies.

Los Angeles Business Journal "Developer to spend millions upgrading city sidewalks: South Group pays for downtown work city won't do" http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-6396705/Developer-to-spend-millions-upgrading.html#abstract

Make pedestrian access to public transportation safer and encourage transit ridership by improving walking environments to and around public transit stops through measures such as more pedestrian scale lighting, wider sidewalks, and visible, safe pedestrian crosswalks. Funding could be provided through a development agreement or other means.

San Francisco Better Streets Plan. http://www.sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/planning/Citywide/Better_Streets/index.htm; Florida Department of Transportation "Pedestrian Facilities Planning and Design Handbook" http://www.dot.state.fl.us/safety/ped_bike/ped_bike_standards.htm#Florida%20Ped%20Handbook

Build bike lanes and add transit amenities - including lighting, shelter, and seating - on streets and transit stops adjacent to new development sites.

Victoria Transport Policy Institute "Making Walking and Cycling Safer: Lessons from Europe" http://www.vtpi.org/puchertq.pdf

Display real-time transit information in the building entryways and lobbies.

Bay Area Rapid Transit. BART Do-it-Yourself Displays http://www.bart.gov/schedules/developers/displays.aspx

Encourage banks and mortgage companies to offer location efficient mortgages to homebuyers in walkable, transit rich areas. These mortgages take into account the money homebuyers will save by reducing or eliminating private automobile usage, which increases the amount of money they are able to borrow for a mortgage.

Location Efficient Mortgages http://www.locationefficiency.com/; Victoria Transport Policy Institute. Transport Demand Management: Location Efficient Development and Mortgages http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm22.htm

Provide no-cost shuttles between worksites, homes, and regional public transit.

University of California, San Francisco Shuttle Bus Program http://www.campuslifeservices.ucsf.edu/transportation/shuttles/; New Jersey Department of Transportation: Commute Alternatives Employer-sponsored Shuttles http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/commuter/smartmoves/empshuttles.shtm

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Implement parking pricing strategies to reduce vehicle trips and traffic from people looking for free parking through strategies including implementing variable rate parking, encouraging off-street parking, offering parking cash-outs, unbundling parking, and taxing land devoted to parking at same rates as other uses.

Victoria Transport Policy Institute " Parking Pricing: Direct Charges for Using Parking Facilities" http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm26.htm

Improve the safety and desirability of pedestrian walking environments within and between neighborhoods and to key destinations through improved lighting, wider sidewalks, and visible, safe pedestrian crosswalks, through a development agreement or other means to make pedestrian access to public transportation safer and encourage transit ridership.

San Francisco Better Streets Plan. http://www.sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/planning/Citywide/Better_Streets/index.htm; Florida Department of Transportation "Pedestrian Facilities Planning and Design Handbook" http://www.dot.state.fl.us/safety/ped_bike/ped_bike_standards.htm#Florida%20Ped%20Handbook

Prioritize development projects located near high capacity, frequent, and reliable public transit.

Center for Transit Oriented Development http://www.reconnectingamerica.org/public/tod



Ensure that all employees have access to tax incentives for mass transit (e.g., commuter check programs).

SF Environment. Commuter Benefits http://www.commuterbenefits.org

Provide a dedicated central space to display information about public transit and other alternative transportation options (e.g., bike lanes, car-sharing, car pooling) in the neighborhood, residential or employee facilities.

North Bethesda Transportation Center: Customized Community Resource Packages http://www.nbtc.org/community.html; Clean Air Day Canada: Lobby Display http://www.cleanairday.com/html/Activities.php#lobby

ST.3. Create safe, quality environments for walking and biking


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Improve motor vehicle safety through mechanisms such as roadway design, intersection design, traffic calming and management, signals, signs and other measures.

US Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Safety – Intersections http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/intersections/index.htm; Institute of Transportation Engineers, Traffic Calming Library http://www.ite.org/traffic/; US Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Safety – Road Safety Audits http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/rsa/index.htm.

Improve pedestrian safety through design strategies such as traffic calming and management treatments, traffic safety enforcement, intersection, roadway and sidewalk design, design for pedestrians with disabilities, signals and signs, and improved lighting.

US Department of Transportation. Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center http://www.walkinginfo.org; FHWA Pedestrian Safety Improvements: http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/saferjourney/library/matrix.htm; Institute of Transportation Engineers, Traffic Calming Library http://www.ite.org/traffic/

Improve bicyclist safety through design strategies such as bike lane design, shared use paths, improved signs and markings, bicycle parking, traffic calming and management treatments, on-street facilities, and intersection design.

US Department of Transportation. Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center http://www.bicyclinginfo.org; Institute of Transportation Engineers, Traffic Calming Library http://www.ite.org/traffic/

Employ motor vehicle crash or accident reduction factors that have proven to be highly effective including roundabouts, exclusive turn lanes, strategically placed and timed traffic signals, red-light cameras, narrow lane widths, raised medians at crosswalks, and centerline rumble strips.

National Cooperative Highway Research Program. "Crash Reduction Factors for Traffic Engineering and Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Improvements: State-of-Knowledge Report" http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_rrd_299.pdf

Install and maintain attractive and effective signage to promote public safety, accessibility, and wayfinding.

Downtown Raleigh Wayfinding Analysis & Recommendations, Raleigh, North Carolina http://www.raleighnc.gov/publications/Planning/Urban_Design/Downtown_Wayfinding/Wayfinding_Analysis_and_Recommendations.pdf; Pedestrian Wayfinding Signage System, Portland, Oregon http://www.portlandonline.com/TRANSPORTATION/index.cfm?c=40500

Include traffic calming design strategies which will increase pedestrian and bicycle safety (see also ST.3.a, Development Targets).

Victoria Transport Policy Institute "Traffic Calming Benefits, Costs and Equity Impacts" http://www.vtpi.org/calming.pdf; Transportation Research Record 1578 "Safety Benefits of Traffic Calming" http://www.ite.org/traffic/documents/tcir0209.pdf

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Coordinate with San Francisco’s Better Streets Plan, which will create a unified set of standards, guidelines, and implementation strategies to govern how the City designs, builds, and maintains its pedestrian environment.

San Francisco’s Better Streets Plan http://www.sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/planning/Citywide/Better_Streets/proposals.htm

Ensure safe pedestrian entrances at all building access points through the use of: pedestrian-specific entrances, pedestrian-scale design on building frontages, pedestrian-scale lighting, street trees and planters, signage and street cleaning, and sidewalks free of impediments.

US DOT FHA ADA Guidelines http://cp298pedbiketranspo.wikispaces.com/space/showimage/ADA_DesigningSidewalksAndTrailsForAccessPartI_1999.pdf; Florida Department of Transportation's Pedestrian Facilities Handbook http://cp298pedbiketranspo.wikispaces.com/space/showimage/FloridaDOT_PedFacilitiesHandbookTOC.PDF

Minimize the number and width of drive ways that break-up the sidewalk for pedestrians, especially the elderly, people with disabilities, and young children in strollers.

Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration "Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access Part II of II: Best Practices Design Guide" Chapter 5. Driveway Crossings http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/sidewalks/index.htm

Provide safe, convenient bicycle parking on streets and in parking garages. Bicycle racks should support the frame of the bicycle and not just one wheel, allow the frame and one wheel to be locked to the rack when both wheels are left on the bike, allow the frame and both wheels to be locked to the rack if the front wheel is removed, allow the use of either a cable or U-shaped lock, be securely anchored, be usable by bikes with no kickstand, be usable by bikes with water bottle cages, and be usable by a wide variety of sizes and types of bicycle with inverted U-racks or other racks that provide two points of contact with the bicycle.

Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals. "Bicycle Parking Guidelines" http://www.apbp.org/pdfsanddocs/Resources/Bicycle%20Parking%20Guidelines.pdf; US Department of Transportation. Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center: Bicycle Parking http://www.bicyclinginfo.org/engineering/parking.cfm

Increase street connectivity. In new developments, favor a gridiron street layout. In older neighborhoods with curved, disconnected streets install pedestrian/bicycle pathways to increase connectivity.

Victoria Transport Policy Institute. Online TDM Encyclopedia: Roadway Connectivity http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm116.htm; Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation: The Fused Grid http://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/en/inpr/su/sucopl/fugr/index.cfm



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Provide secure, covered bicycle parking and changing facilities at workplaces.

San Francisco Bicycle Coalition: SF Bike Guide for Employers http://www.sfbike.org/?Employers_start; Cycle Friendly Employers: Equipment and Facilities http://www.cyclefriendlyemployers.org.uk/equipment_and_facilities.php

PI. Public Infrastructure/Access to Goods and Services

PI.1. Assure affordable and high quality child care for all neighborhoods


Eliminate or reduce barriers to the creation of childcare (land use and deed restrictions, zoning ordinances, objections from landlords, liability concerns, and permits) by streamlining permit process and providing planning support for new childcare facilities

Bay Area Economics for the Local Investment in Child Care Project (LINCC). "Linking Development and Child Care: A Toolkit for Developers and Local Governments." http://www.lincc-childcare.com/docs.php

Link child care to plans for and development of housing, employment centers, and transit

Brion and Associates. "Kern County Child Care Policy Analysis and Strategy Study." http://wwwstatic.kern.org/gems/babysteps/KernChildCareReport92105DRAF.pdf

Utilize Assembly Bill 1600 Child Care Impact Fees

Low-Income Investment Fund. San Francisco Child Care Facilities Fund http://www.liifund.org/PROGRAMS-NEW/CHILDCARE/CCFF/CCFF_SFFamilyChildCare.htm; CA Senate. Assembly Bill 1600 http://info.sen.ca.gov/pub/01-02/bill/asm/ab_1551-1600/ab_1600_bill_20010907_amended_sen.pdf

Provide child care facilities in affordable rental housing developments

Building Child Care Collaborative in California. "Child Care Center with Affordable Housing" http://www.buildingchildcare.org/Case%20Study%20Child%20Care%20Center%20FINAL.pdf

Utilize and expand upon the density bonuses for the inclusion of childcare facilities

Local Investment in Child Care (LINCC). CA Government Code Regarding Density Bonuses and Child Care. http://www.lincc-childcare.com/docs.php?oid=1000000037&ogid=1000000002

Utilize public surplus land for child care Building Child Care Collaborative in California. "Strategies for Increasing Child Care Facilities Development and Financing in California" http://www.buildingchildcare.org/BCC-Strategies%20Exec%20Summary.pdf; Brion and Associates. Alameda County, CA Child Care Fee Study. "Local Government Tools to Support ChildCare Facility Development" http://www.lincc-

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childcare.com/docManager/1000000124/JB_LINCC_Handout_2%5B1%5D.7.06.pdf

Increase funding to subsidize child care slots in market-rate facilities for children from low-income families

San Francisco Centralized Eligibility List (CEL) https://www.celsf.org/index.cfm?Menu=Public&Nav=00&formaction=none; Alameda County, CA. "Land Use for Child Care Facilities: Current Practice for Streamlining the Development of Child Care Spaces for Alameda County's Children" http://co.alameda.ca.us/childcare/Final_Land_Use_Report.pdf

Provide financial assistance, cost offsets and public education to childcare providers to promote licensed childcare

National Center for Children in Poverty. "The Dynamics of Child Care Subsidy Use: A Collaborative Study of Five States" http://nccp.org/publications/pdf/text_484.pdf

Offer reduced rent to child care providers accepting child care subsidies to encourage creation of child care for low-income populations.

Building Child Care Collaborative "Strategies for Increasing Child Care Facilities Development and Financing in California" http://www.buildingchildcare.org/BCC-Strategies%202007FullReport.pdf

Include child care policies and strategies in city and county General Plans.

Alameda County. "Understanding and Changing Land Use Policies to Benefit Child Care Facilities Development" http://www.frbsf.org/community/resources/files/lincc04/land_use_policies.pdf; San Mateo County Childcare Partnership Council Strategic Plan. Goal 5 http://www.plsinfo.org/healthysmc/pdf/strategicplan.pdf

Increase the number of three or more bedrooms units in areas with childcare

Planning Commissioners Journal. "Family Housing, Downtown in Vancouver, Canada" http://www.plannersweb.com/vancouver_family_housing.pdf

Site childcare facilities greater than 500 feet from freeways, busy roadways and stationary sources of air pollution since they house sensitive populations (young children)


Modify Transportation Management Plan (TMP) to include children as an additional demographic to be serviced in order to promote families’ use of public transit and carpooling to children’s activities (i.e., school, day care, playgrounds, and community activities)

Canada. School Transport Management http://www.tc.gc.ca/programs/environment/UTSP/schooltransportation.htm; National Center for Transit Research at University of South Florida: School Pool Programs http://www.nctr.usf.edu/clearinghouse/schoolpool.htm

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PI.2. Assure accessible and high quality educational facilities


Use the Healthy School Environments Assessment Tool to evaluate and manage key environmental, safety, and health issues at school facilities

US EPA: Healthy School Environments Assessment Tool http://www.epa.gov/schools/healthyseat/index.html

Co-locate local government agencies and/or community organizations to promote creative program service delivery and more efficient use of public land and buildings

California Department of Education. School Facility Program Joint-Use Projects. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/fa/sf/jtuse.asp; New Schools Better Neighborhoods. Joint-Use Case Studies. http://www.nsbn.org/case/jointuse/

Support community partnerships that promote continuing education, high quality education, and life-long learning

Center on School, Family, and Community Partnerships. John Hopkins University. http://www.csos.jhu.edu/P2000/center.htm

Promote extensive and innovative community uses of the public school facility, such as hosting evening continuing education classes, a community garden, afterschool programs, local media office, intramural team sports, community workshops, job skills trainings, activities for seniors, community arts and cultural events and activities, etc.

Ontario, Canada Ministry of Education. Community Use of Schools. http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/general/elemsec/community

Promote "Safe Routes to Schools" to decrease traffic and pollution, promote walking and biking to school, encourage greater enforcement of traffic laws, and create safer streets to improve the health of children and the community

Safe Routes to School Resources http://www.saferoutesinfo.org/resources/index.cfm; Safe Routes to School Case Studies From Around the Country. http://drusilla.hsrc.unc.edu/cms/downloads/srts_case_studies.pdf

Use strategies developed by the 21st Century School Fund’s Building Educational Success Together (BEST) program, New Schools Better Neighborhoods, and the National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities to improve quality of school facilities in urban communities

21st Century Fund: Building Educational Success Together http://www.21csf.org/csf-home/best/best.asp ; National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities: Urban School Facility Issues http://www.edfacilities.org/rl/urban_issues.cfm; Center for Cities and Schools http://citiesandschools.berkeley.edu/

Actively seek opportunities for new and/or additional sources of funds for financing school building improvements and program delivery

National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities: School Facilities Funding Options http://www.edfacilities.org/rl/financing_options.cfm; California Legislative Analyst's Office. "A New Blueprint for California School Facility Finance" http://www.lao.ca.gov/2001/school_facilities/050101_school_facilities.html

Modify Transportation Management Plan (TMP) to include children as an additional demographic to be serviced in order to

Canada. School Transport Management http://www.tc.gc.ca/programs/environment/UTSP/schooltransportation.htm; National Center for Transit Research at

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promote families’ use of public transit and carpooling to children’s activities (i.e., school, day care, playgrounds, and community activities)

University of South Florida: School Pool Programs http://www.nctr.usf.edu/clearinghouse/schoolpool.htm

Encourage collaboration among the School District facility planners, developers, and the City Planning Department when choosing new school sites to ensure that students and their families can safely and easily walk, bike, or take transit to the campus

Florida Department of Community Affairs, Division of Planning. "Primer on School Planning and Coordination" http://www.dca.state.fl.us/fdcp/dcp/schoolplanning/primergradcov.pdf; Journal of Health Politics, Policy, and Law. "Collaborative School Planning and Active Schools: A Case Study of Lee County, Florida" http://jhppl.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/33/3/595.pdf

Site educational facilities greater than 500 feet from freeways, busy roadways and stationary sources of air pollution since they house sensitive populations (children)


Preserve the availability of sites for civic facilities, such as schools, to ensure that facilities are adequate for population growth

Urban Institute. "The Right Way to Sell Off Public Assets" http://www.urban.org/publications/900984.html

Establish joint-use agreements with school districts and other agencies that identify roles and responsibilities and provide standards for operations and maintenance, scheduling, and capital improvements


PI.3. Increase park, open space and recreation facilities


Design parks and open spaces to be accessible and usable for arts and cultural activities.

Project for Public Spaces. Plazas, Parks, and Central Squares http://www.pps.org/project_lists/ParksPlazasCentralSquares/PlazasEtc.html

Promote transparency in funding allocations per park or by neighborhood for maintenance, clean-up, and resource allocation costs.

PolicyLink. "Safety, Growth, and Equity: Infrastructure Policies That Promote Opportunity and Inclusion" http://www.policylink.org/pdfs/Safety_Growth_Equity.pdf; San Francisco Clean and Safe Neighborhood Parks Bond 2008. http://www.parks.sfgov.org/wcm_recpark/GOBond/ParksTrust100907.pdf http://www.sfgov.org/site/recpark_page.asp?id=64140

Create an open space impact fee on development to provide funds for purchase of new open space, and maintenance and programming of new and existing open space.

California Park and Recreation Society. Information & Referral: Park Development, Quimby Act, Impact Fees. http://www.cprs.org/training-information.htm

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Create safe, continuous, and functional bicycle and pedestrian routes to parks, open spaces, and recreation facilities from development projects through the use of well-defined crosswalks, sidewalks, bicycle facilities, street lights, and traffic calming measures on streets near parks.

Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center. There is a Need for Interesting/Important Destinations within Walking Distance http://www.walkinginfo.org/problems/problems-destinations.cfm; Project for Public Spaces. Parks Resources http://www.pps.org/parks_plazas_squares/

Consider existing and proposed designs that improve visibility of green and open space.

American Journal of Public Health. "Healthy Places: Exploring the Evidence" http://www.ajph.org/cgi/content/full/93/9/1451; Municipal Research and Services Center for Washington. Scenic View Protection http://www.mrsc.org/subjects/planning/view.aspx

Establish joint-use agreements with school districts and other agencies that identify roles and responsibilities and provide standards for operations and maintenance, scheduling, and capital improvements.


Acquire irregular, surplus parcels located in retail and commercial areas for use as open space, plazas, and community gathering spaces and evaluate maintenance and safety impacts and compatibility with surrounding uses before developing park plans.

City of Lancaster. Parks, Recreation, and Arts Master Plan. http://www.lancasterparks.org/docManager/1000000089/Lancaster_FinalPlan_0914.pdf

Develop or designate perimeter trails with lighting and mileage markers around parks to encourage regular use by the community to increase safety and extend evening hours of park usage.

City of Lancaster. Parks, Recreation, and Arts Master Plan. http://www.lancasterparks.org/docManager/1000000089/Lancaster_FinalPlan_0914.pdf

Prioritize acquiring parkland in high-density, low-income and/or minority neighborhoods to ensure that each neighborhood meets the city's park level of service standard (5 acres per 1,000 of active community parkland).

Municipal Research and Services Center of Washington. "Planning for Parks, Recreation, and Open Space in Your Community" http://www.cted.wa.gov/_CTED/documents/ID_1691_Publications.pdf; National Recreation and Parks Association. "Park, Recreation, Open Space and Greenway Guidelines" by James D. Mertes and James R. Hall (only in hard copy)

Establish and implement a regular evaluation of community park and recreation needs, especially the needs of youth and seniors.

Redwood City Parks, Recreation, and Community Services Customer Satisfaction Survey http://ask.redwoodcity.org/TakeSurvey.asp?SurveyID=33Jl83MK4693G

Preserve the availability of sites for civic facilities, such as parks, to ensure that facilities are adequate for population growth.


Encourage sustainable sources of funding City of Sacramento Neighborhood Park Maintenance

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for park facility maintenance and programming.

Community Facility District Fee http://www.cityofsacramento.org/finance/fees/fees-by-department-division.cfm?DeptDiv=DIV-51; City of Davis Park Maintenance Tax http://qcode.us/codes/davis/view.php?topic=15-15_14-15_14_040&frames=on

Modify Transportation Management Plan (TMP) to include children as an additional demographic to be serviced in order to promote families’ use of public transit and carpooling to children’s activities (i.e., school, day care, playgrounds, and community activities).

Canada. School Transport Management http://www.tc.gc.ca/programs/environment/UTSP/schooltransportation.htm; National Center for Transit Research at University of South Florida: School Pool Programs http://www.nctr.usf.edu/clearinghouse/schoolpool.htm

PI.4. Assure space for libraries, performing arts, theatre, museums, concerts and festivals for personal and educational fulfillment


Require 1-2% of total construction costs in high density public areas (i.e. C-3 zone downtown) be allocated for public art.

The New Rules Project: Public Art Policies http://www.newrules.org/finance/artspolicy.html; Alameda County, CA Public Art Program http://www.acgov.org/arts/pdfs/Alameda%20County_Public%20Art%20Ordinance_Chapter%2013.28%202.pdf

Design parks and open spaces to be accessible and usable for arts and cultural activities.

Project for Public Spaces. Plazas, Parks, and Central Squares http://www.pps.org/project_lists/ParksPlazasCentralSquares/PlazasEtc.html

Dedicate a portion of impact fees for arts and cultural programming in new and existing public spaces, such as schools, parks, recreational facilities, and community centers.

League of California Cities. "A Short Overview of Development Impact Fees" www.cacities.org/resource_files/23853.Peter%20Brown%20Paper%20on%20Fees.DOC

Protect and maintain existing art work on site and in surrounding neighborhoods.

St. Louis Regional Arts Commission. "Public Art Practices: A Reference Guide for Developing Public Art Programs and Projects" http://www.art-stl.com/_forms/PublicArtGuide.PDF; City of Derby, UK. Maintenance of Public Art - Paying the price of vandalism http://www.derby.gov.uk/Environment/PublicArt/MaintenanceofPublicArt-Payingthepriceofvandalism.htm

Create an artwork conservation fund and/or pooled art enrichment fund for interdepartmental projects.

San Francisco Public Arts Program: http://www.sfartscommission.org/pubart/ City of Boise, Idaho. Percent for Art Ordinance http://www.cityofboise.org/CityGovernment/ArtsandHistory/PDF/PercentForArts.pdf

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Create new incentives to promote the inclusion of arts facilities in private development, such as adjustments to floor area ratios if nonprofit arts spaces are included in the development, taxes deferred or accrued, special financial mechanisms developed, or code or zoning variances given in exchange for including "cultural amenities" in land development projects

San Francisco General Plan. Arts Element. Policy VI-1.9 http://www.sfgov.org/site/planning_index.asp?id=41421

Establish City arts agencies’ control over City funds dedicated to the art

San Francisco Arts Task Force Recommendation #2, http://sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/sfac/Arts_Task_Force/supporting/2006/SF_ArtsTaskForceReport.pdf)

Create incentives for a substantially increased supply of affordable housing and work spaces for artists using the City’s land-use and financial resources.

San Francisco Arts Task Force Recommendation #3, http://sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/sfac/Arts_Task_Force/supporting/2006/SF_ArtsTaskForceReport.pdf)

Incorporate community art throughout new residential projects to create a sense of community identity

Iowa City, Iowa. Neighborhood Art Project http://www.icgov.org/default/?id=1683;

Include artists in affordable housing initiatives, possibly in conjunction with a resident artist/ neighborhood arts program.

San Francisco Arts Task Force Recommendation #3 http://sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/sfac/Arts_Task_Force/supporting/2006/SF_ArtsTaskForceReport.pdf; Artists' Affordable Housing (Chicago) http://artistscondos.com/; Washington Post. "More Affordable Housing in the Picture" http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/08/AR2006020802278.html

Develop and implement financing plans for upgrades (e.g., capital improvements, seismic upgrades, and life-safety) to City-owned arts facilities.

San Francisco Arts Task Force Recommendation #4 http://sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/sfac/Arts_Task_Force/supporting/2006/SF_ArtsTaskForceReport.pdf

Encourage the use of schools and park facilities for low to no cost art and cultural activities

New Schools Better Neighborhoods. Joint-Use Case Studies. http://www.nsbn.org/case/jointuse/; CA Department of Education. School Facility Program Joint-Use Projects. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/fa/sf/jtuse.asp

Incorporate permanent public art in new residential, commercial, and industrial development

The Intersection of Urban Planning, Art, and Public Health: The Sunnyside Piazza. Jan C. Semenza. Am J Public Health. 2003 September; 93(9): 1439–1441.

Promote the creation of a neighborhood cultural centers for use by local community organizations, afterschool programs, youth art, music, dance lessons, etc.

Building, Design, and Construction. "Joint-Use Facilities Where Everybody Benefits" http://www.bdcnetwork.com/article/CA6570779.html

Involve local artists in design and creation of open space, signage, street furniture, sculptures, murals, walkways or other public

San Francisco Art Commission, Civic Design Review Committee http://www.sfartscommission.org/CDR/home/index.html

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facilities

Involve local public schools in the creation of a mural, sculpture or other public art

Kid Serve, Youth Mural Project. http://www.kidserve.com/education.html; Department of Public Safety, City of Indianapolis. "Mayor unveils youth mural project at city animal shelter" http://www.indygov.org/eGov/City/DPS/ACCD/PR/2004/04-11-08.htm

Ensure public art reflects the culture and diversity of the existing neighborhood population

The City Project. Monuments, Diversity, and Democracy http://www.cityprojectca.org/ourwork/publicart.html; Ixia. Public Art and Diversity http://www.ixia-info.com/events/diversity.htm

Fund an annual arts/cultural event to promote active use and public identity of a new open spaces or park

National Recreation and Parks Association. Parks and the Arts: How Public Parks and Spaces Encourage Arts and the Humanities http://www.nrpa.org/cybrary/default.aspx

Ensure that libraries, community centers, and other art and cultural facilities are served by public transportation by encouraging collaboration between the transit providers and facilities planners

San Francisco Draft Eastern Neighborhoods Area Plans http://www.sfgov.org/site/planning_index.asp?id=67762

Incorporate arts into the construction of new hospitals and health facilities.

Whole Building Design Guide: Hospital Aesthetics http://www.wbdg.org/design/aesthetics.php; The Foundation for Photo/Art in Hospitals http://www.healingphotoart.org/index.php

Encourage developers to designate performance and practice space for arts cultural organizations

Downtown Brooklyn Partnership. Brooklyn Academy of Music (BAM) Cultural District: Future Development Projects http://www.dbpartnership.org/lookingahead/bamcd/phasetwo

PI.5. Assure affordable and high quality public health facilities


Promote transit density near hospitals and other health facilities, to minimize public parking and the use of cars, if necessary, provide a hospital shuttle from the nearest transit station.

Children's Hospital and Research Center Oakland. Public Transportation http://www.childrenshospitaloakland.org/healthcare/maps_public-trans.asp

Include access to healthcare facilities as part of the Transportation Management Plan.

Transportation and Land Use Coalition. Priorities for Access to Health. Transportation Equity and Community Health (TEACH) in Contra Costa County http://www.transcoalition.org/reports/priorities_access_to_health.pdf; Roadblocks to Health: Transportation Barriers to Healthy Communities

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http://www.transcoalition.org/reports/roadblocks_to_health.pdf

Site new hospitals and health facilities to maximize access for the population served, but minimize noise and other health impacts on local residents

San Francisco General Plan. Commerce and Industry - Neighborhood Commerce http://www.sfgov.org/site/planning_index.asp?id=42927; San Francisco Planning and Urban Research (SPUR) Hospital Renewal Task ForceReport on SB 1953 and Hospital Renewal http://sfdph.org/dph/RebuildSFGH/inTheNews/SPURReport.asp

Incorporate environmentally sustainable practices into the design, building and operation of new health care facilities.

Green Guide for Healthcare: http://www.gghc.org/ The Top 10 Green Hospitals In the US http://www.thegreenguide.com/doc/113/top10hospitals

Preserve the availability of sites for civic facilities, such as hospitals, to ensure that facilities are adequate for population growth


Limit the siting of residential development and other sensitive uses (such as schools, childcare, and senior citizen facilities) near medical waste facilities.

Health Effects of Residence near Hazardous Waste Landfill Sites: A Review of Epidemiologic Literature. Martine Vrijheid. Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 108, Supplement 1: Reviews in Environmental Health, 2000 (Mar., 2000), pp. 101-112

Allow flexibility in development for major, multi-functional institutional uses that serve the greater community. For example, build hospitals near community gardens, and/or with space for educational trainings and outreach.

National League of Cities. Education City Examples: Community Schools and Joint Use Agreements - Medina, Ohio http://www.nlc.org/iyef/program_areas/education_v2/jointuse.aspx

Promote awareness of Healthy San Francisco to building contractors hired by developers and future employees in neighborhood serving retail.

Healthy San Francisco http://www.healthysanfrancisco.org/; San Francisco Health Plan http://www.sfhp.org/

Encourage contractors and employers with less than 20 employees to provide health insurance to employees

Small Business CHOICE Act of 2008 http://www.house.gov/smbiz/PressReleases/2008/pr-7-23-08-CHOICE.html; America's Health Insurance Plans. "Small Group Health Insurance in 2006" http://www.ahipresearch.org/pdfs/FINALSmallGroupPaper.pdf

Ensure that contractors and developers who hire day laborers carry active and sufficient workers compensation insurance and that temporary employees are advised of their rights to utilize it if they are injured on the job

Day Laborers' Access to Medical Services:General Findings from a Brief Survey and Three Focus Groups http://www.sfphes.org/DL/2007_Unidos_Medical_Services_Access.pdf; UCLA. Center for the Study of Urban Poverty. "On the Corner: Day Labor in the United States" http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/issr/csup/uploaded_files/Natl_DayLabor-On_the_Corner1.pdf

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PI.6. Assure access to daily goods and service needs, including financial services and healthy foods


Restrict the proliferation of predatory lenders via zoning restrictions and other land use tools.

California Reinvestment Coalition "The Financial Divide: An Uneven Playing Field - Bank Financing of Check Cashers and Payday Lenders in CaliforniaCommunities" http://calreinvest.org/system/assets/17.pdf; Los Angeles Times. "U.S. Bank Branching Into Poor Neighborhoods" http://articles.latimes.com/2001/apr/23/business/fi-54543

Promote the retention of neighborhood-serving, full-service financial institutions in the neighborhood; Work with the bank to develop a plan for assuring financial services are not diminished, but improved, through the branch network, an alternative service delivery system or the building of new branches; Encourage the donation or sale of the building to nonprofit community development agencies; and/or assuring proactive efforts to replace the bank business with a new business so the facility does not become a vacant building.

National Housing Institute "When Your Bank Leaves Town: How Communities Can Fight Back" http://www.nhi.org/online/issues/126/bankclosings.html

Offer incentives such as grants or technical assistance, to encourage healthy food retail to entrepreneurs to increase their chances of success. Incentives could include grants, tax breaks, and the guarantee or facilitation of market-based or interest-free loans.

Public Health Law and Policy. "Funding Sources for Healthy Food Retail" http://www.healthyplanning.org/foodretailfunding.html#

Require food vendors to accept food stamps/ Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT) and WIC vouchers (Women, Infants, and Children).

California Guide to the Food Stamp Program http://www.foodstampguide.org/?page_id=118#protections

Implement land use regulations for fast food outlet density such as limits on formula, chain, or non-sit down establishments.

South Los Angeles Fast Food Interim Control Ordinance Approved by Council Committee http://www.lacity.org/council/cd9/cd9press/cd9cd9press16554673_07232008.pdf

Develop mixed-use retail “clusters” in which small food stores can flourish.

California Food Policy Advocates. "Neighborhood Groceries: New Access to Healthy Food in Low-Income Communities" http://www.cfpa.net/Grocery.PDF

Include food access needs in planning, zoning, and development processes.

Public Health Law and Policy. "Economic Development and Redevelopment: A Toolkit on Land Use and Health" http://www.healthyplanning.org/toolkit_edrd.html

Streamline any applicable license and permit processes for full-service grocery

California Food Policy Advocates. "Neighborhood Groceries: New Access to Healthy Food in Low-Income

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stores. Communities" http://www.cfpa.net/Grocery.PDF

Acquire and/or convert underutilized or vacant land for food market development.

New York Times. "New Stores Raise Northern Boulevard's Profile" http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9405E3DF1E38F930A15750C0A961958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all

Connect neighborhoods that lack healthy food outlets to areas with such stores via improvements to public transit routes, bike routes, and pedestrian amenities.

Transportation and Food: The Importance ofAccess. A Policy Brief of the Center for Food and Justice, Urban and Environmental Policy Institute http://departments.oxy.edu/uepi/cfj/publications/transportation_and_food.pdf

Include small food markets and sidewalk produce carts as a vital component of neighborhood revitalization projects.

Healthy Corner Stores Network http://www.healthycornerstores.org/index.php New York City Green Carts Law (Produce Carts in Low-Income Neighborhoods) http://home2.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/cdp/cdp_pan_green_carts.shtml

Provide technical assistance to entrepreneurs and storeowners who are interested in improving their communities’ access to nutritious food.

California Food Policy Advocates. "Neighborhood Groceries: New Access to Healthy Food in Low-Income Communities" http://www.cfpa.net/Grocery.PDF; San Francisco Office of Economic and Workforce Development http://sfgov.org/site/frame.asp?u=http://www.oewd.org

Encourage new and existing food retailers to carry culturally-appropriate food for the neighborhood population.

The Food Trust's Supermarket Campaign http://www.thefoodtrust.org/php/programs/super.market.campaign.php; http://features.csmonitor.com/innovation/2008/06/27/wanted-inner-city-supermarkets/

PI.7. Assure adequate public safety


Implement legislation that sets minimum distances between alcohol outlets.

Pacific Institute "How Alcohol Outlets Affect Neighborhood Violence" http://resources.prev.org/documents/AlcoholViolenceGruenewald.pdf. Every Block San Francisco: About Liquor License Status Changes http://sf.everyblock.com/liquor-licenses/about/

Limit the number or type of locations, or limit the number of hours, days of sale and conditions of sale where alcohol may be sold - i.e., limiting sales in grocery stores, convenience stores, gas stations, laundromats, drive-through windows, etc

Permanently close outlets that repeatedly violate liquor laws (such as by selling alcohol to minors, selling to intoxicated

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persons, or allowing illicit drug sales or prostitution on the premises)

Limit issuing new liquor licenses in areas that already have a high density of liquor outlets

Do not issue a new liquor license when a particular alcohol retail outlet goes out of business, especially in areas with high densities of alcohol outlets

Encourage the fire department to open satellite stations in underserved low-income neighborhoods. Where an additional station is not possible, work with the transportation agency to improve response times to underserved areas.

San Francisco Office of the Controller "A Review San Francisco's Fire and EMS Functions" http://www.sfgov.org/site/controller_page.asp?id=24430]

Promote collaboration between the Fire Department, the Department of Building Inspection, and property owners to improve the fire safety of buildings in low-income neighborhoods through electrical upgrades, structural improvements, and installation of sprinklers

San Francisco Department of Building Inspection: Housing Inspection / Code Enforcement Services http://www.sfgov.org/site/dbi_page.asp?id=76794; PolicyLink: Code Enforcement http://www.policylink.org/EDTK/CodeEnforcement/default.html

Encourage the Police Department to work with and support community groups in creating community policing/ neighborhood watch programs

National Crime Prevention Council "Improving Police-Community Relations Through Community Policing" http://www.ncpc.org/training/powerpoint-trainings/improving-police-community-relations-through-community-policing.ppt

Incorporate strategies from the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design philosophy:1. Natural Surveillance - A design

concept directed primarily at keeping intruders easily observable. Promoted by features that maximize visibility of people, parking areas and building entrances: doors and windows that look out on to streets and parking areas; pedestrian-friendly sidewalks and streets; front porches; adequate nighttime lighting.

2. Territorial Reinforcement - Physical design can create or extend a sphere of influence. Users then develop a sense of territorial control while potential offenders, perceiving this control, are discouraged. Promoted by features that define property lines

International clearinghouse on Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design http://www.thecptedpage.wsu.edu/; Crime Prevention through Environmental Design website http://www.cpted-watch.com/; Project for Public Spaces. "What Role Can Design Play in Creating Safer Parks?" http://www.pps.org/parks_plazas_squares/info/design/toronto_safety_3

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and distinguish private spaces from public spaces using landscape plantings, pavement designs, gateway treatments, and "CPTED" fences

PI.8. Improve accessibility, beauty, safety, and cleanliness of public spaces


Establish environmental impact fees for large-scale developers.

San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District. Indirect Source Review Rule http://www.valleyair.org/ISR/ISRHome.htm; New Rules Project. Lancaster, CA Distance-Based Impact Fee http://www.newrules.org/environment/lancaster.html

In lieu of building new public restrooms, install signage in commercial areas to direct persons to existing city-owned facilities, including hours of operation

American Restrooms Association National Model: Public Restroom Initiative & Comprehensive Building Toilet Code http://www.americanrestroom.org/pr/index.htm#law & http://www.americanrestroom.org/code/index.htm

Increase the number and visibility of trash/recycling receptacles in public spaces and if necessary increase collection frequency

Sustainability Plan for the City of San Francisco: Solid Waste http://www.sustainable-city.org/Plan/SolidWst/strategy.htm

Establish a collaborative partnership between the Police Department and the Department of Public Works to implement a litter-prevention enforcement campaign. This could include more explicitly educating police officers about Police Code rules regarding litters, establishing public litter prevention campaigns, and increasing fines for littering and illegal dumping

Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco: Report of the 2000-2001 San Francisco Civil Grand Jury http://www.sfgov.org/site/courts_page.asp?id=3724; East Bay Express "Chasing the Rubbish Ruffians" http://www.eastbayexpress.com/news/chasing_the_rubbish_ruffians/Content?oid=354899

Replace trees removed through public and private development, either through new planting or fees

San Francisco Department of Public Works: Street Tree Removal Permitting Process http://www.sfgov.org/site/sfdpw_index.asp?id=75403City of Davis Urban Forestry Program http://www.cityofdavis.org/pcs/trees/

Ensure that new developments and streetscapes provide adequate space for trees and growing conditions that ensure their survival and development.

San Francisco Department of the Environment: Trees http://www.sfenvironment.org/our_programs/topics.html?ssi=4&ti=8#Reports%3C/div%3E

Work with the Public Utilities Commission to provide incentives for developers to replace concrete shared/public sidewalks with landscaped and porous surface pavements

San Francisco Public Utilities Commission: Low Impact Development http://sfwater.org/mto_main.cfm/MC_ID/14/MSC_ID/361/MTO_ID/541; City of Olympia, WA Science and Innovations: Porous Pavement

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http://www.ci.olympia.wa.us/cityutilities/stormwater/scienceandinnovations/porouspavement.htm

Promote and expand the City's tree planting initiative in areas with poor tree canopy coverage

San Francisco "Mayor Gavin Newsom Announces Results Of Aggressive Tree Planting Goals To Kickoff Arbor Week" http://www.sfgov.org/site/mayor_index.asp?id=56899

During the design phase, utilize Google SketchUp 3D modeling program to conduct a sun exposure analysis. Augment the design until there are less than significant shadow impacts to parks and public plazas.

Google SketchUp: Green Architecture http://www.google.com/sketchup/green/architechture.htmlNew York Times "Measuring a Project's Shadow and Burden on Brooklyn" http://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/19/nyregion/19yards.html?fta=y

Introduce setbacks and non-building areas especially for large sites facing narrow urban canyon

Hong Kong Planning Department Urban Design Guidelines http://www.pland.gov.hk/tech_doc/hkpsg/E_sum/urban/urban.htm; Urban Canyon Effects - Wind http://saveoursarasota.blogspot.com/2006/02/urban-canyon-effects-wind.html

Adopt varying heights across the district with heights decreasing towards the prevailing wind direction

Hong Kong Planning Department Urban Design Guidelines http://www.pland.gov.hk/tech_doc/hkpsg/E_sum/urban/urban.htm; Urban Canyon Effects - Wind http://saveoursarasota.blogspot.com/2006/02/urban-canyon-effects-wind.html

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Healthy Housing

HH.1. Preserve and construct housing in proportion with regards to size, affordability, and tenure


Provide density bonuses to developers for increased affordable housing. Density bonuses are when a city permits developers to increase the number of units allowed on a piece of property if they agree to something beneficial for the city such as restricted rents or sales prices or brownfield clean-up.

American Planning Association, Model Affordable Housing Density Bonus Ordinance, http://www.planning.org/smartgrowthcodes/pdf/section44.pdf

Allow state environmental law exemptions (e.g., CEQA) for affordable housing development (e.g. Implementation of CA Senate Bill 1925 allowable exemptions).

CA Senate Bill 1925 Text - http://info.sen.ca.gov/pub/01-02/bill/sen/sb_1901-1950/sb_1925_bill_20020928_chaptered.html

Require below market rate units to come in a mix of sizes/number of bedrooms to address the need for affordable housing for different household types (e.g., at least 25% of below market rate (BMR) units have 2-bedroom and at least 25% have 3 or more bedrooms).

Laws Affecting the Location and Approval of Affordable Housing http://www.pilpca.org/www/docs/CASCManual-Title.pdf; Manufacturing a New Kind of Affordable Housing: Seattle's Noji Gardens. http://www.knowledgeplex.org/kp/text_document_summary/article/relfiles/fmf_0510_noji_gardens.pdf

Provide incentives for development of rental property. Examples include tax credits, bond financing, deferral or forgiveness of real estate taxes, water charges, and other public debts owed on rental properties, construction financing, technical assistance, etc.

PolicyLink http://www.policylink.org/EDTK/AH101/Financing.html; District of Columbia Housing and Development Incentives http://dcbiz.dc.gov/dmped/cwp/view,a,1365,q,569285.asp

Use tax increment financing (TIF) to capture a portion of the increased land value from the conversion of commercial land to residential and from increased height limits, to be used for increased affordable housing.

City of SF, Public Benefits Zoning, http://www.sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/planning/communityplanning/pdf/DRAFT%20PBZ%20issue%20sheet-%2009-30.pdf

Support the development of affordable housing on and/or through the sale of surplus public lands to non-profit housing developers.

Center for Housing Policy, http://www.housingpolicy.org/toolbox/strategy/policies/public_land.html?tierid=156

Improve the accuracy of the City's homeless count methodology to better determine homeless housing needs.

SF 2007 Homeless Count Report, http://www.sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/lhcb/homeless_count/SanFrancisco2007HomelessCount%20final.pdf

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Achieve permanent affordability through community land trusts and limited equity housing ownership and management,

Institute for Community Economics, http://www.iceclt.org/clt/ and SF Community Land Trust http://www.sfclt.org/

Give preference to households with dependent children in rental or resale of multiple bedroom units in assisted housing programs.

Affordable Housing and Family Well-Being http://www.cyfc.umn.edu/policy/issues/briefings/housing.pdf

Reduce the number of parking spaces per household or overall parking spaces per development by unbundling the sale of parking from the sale of housing units.

Victoria Transport Policy Institute, Parking Requirement Impacts on Housing Affordability, http://www.vtpi.org/park-hou.pdf

Provide permanently affordable and service-enriched housing to reduce the need for temporary homeless shelters.

SF General Plan Housing Element, http://www.sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/planning/projects_reports/Adopted%20Part%20II.pdf

HH.2. Protect residents from involuntary displacement


Discourage the demolition of sound existing housing by requiring 1:1 replacement of affordable units or in-lieu fees paid to the City's affordable housing fund.


Preserve the existing stock of residential hotels through increased management by non-profit housing organizations.


Encourage more landlords to get their property Section 8 certified through incentives such as assistance with the approval process and tenant search.

HUD, Section 8 Information for Landlords, http://www.hud.gov/groups/landlords.cfm

Ensure that HUD renews all existing Section 8 contracts.

PolicyLink http://www.policylink.org/EDTK/ExpiringUse/

Educate tenants and landlords about tenants' rights and responsibilities - especially related to evictions, rent control, deposits, and maintenance.

SF Tenants Union http://www.sftu.org/

Encourage development agreements to include rent control commitments and provide model language to support this.

Trinity Plaza Apartments: SF Chronicle, http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2005/06/15/BAGPED8Q3L1.DTL&hw=Chris+Daly&sn=009&sc=496

Protect the affordability of units in existing buildings at risk of being converted to market rate housing by discouraging private property owners participating in affordable

City of Los Angeles. Building Healthy Communities 101: How Can the Existing Stock of Affordable Housing be Preserved? http://www.lacity.org/lahd/curriculum/gettingfacts/preservin

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housing programs from terminating their participation (e.g., federally-insured mortgages, project-based Section 8 rental subsidies, low-income housing tax credit program, restricted by other sources such as tax-exempt bonds, CDBG, HOME, tax increment and density bonus/land use restrictions)

g/index.html; SF General Plan Housing Element, http://www.sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/planning/projects_reports/Adopted%20Part%20II.pdf

Pass "Just Cause" eviction laws where tenant evictions are allowed only in certain circumstances (e.g., owner move-in, condominium conversion, failure to pay rent habitually etc.)

PolicyLink, Just Cause Eviction. http://www.policylink.org/EDTK/JustCause/

HH.3. Increase spatial integration by ethnicity and economic class


Use tax increment financing (TIF) to capture a portion of the increased land value from the conversion of commercial land to residential and from increased height limits, to be used for increased affordable housing.


Require incremental increases in affordable units with incremental increases in heights.

SPUR http://www.spur.org/documents/980401_report_01.shtm

Require that market-rate housing projects provide below market rate (BMR) units at a range of affordability levels between 60% and 80% of SF median income.

San Francisco Mayor's Office of Housing. Below Market Rate Inclusionary Housing Program. http://www.sfgov.org/site/moh_page.asp?id=48003; San Francisco Mayor's Office of Housing. Below Market Rate Inclusionary Housing Program. http://www.sfgov.org/site/moh_page.asp?id=48003

Require below market rate units to come in a mix of sizes/number of bedrooms to address the need for affordable housing for different household types (e.g., at least 25% of below market rate (BMR) units have 2-bedroom and at least 25% have 3 or more bedrooms).

Laws Affecting the Location and Approval of Affordable Housing http://www.pilpca.org/www/docs/CASCManual-Title.pdf; Manufacturing a New Kind of Affordable Housing: Seattle's Noji Gardens. http://www.knowledgeplex.org/kp/text_document_summary/article/relfiles/fmf_0510_noji_gardens.pdf

Provide incentives for development of rental property. Examples include tax credits, bond financing, deferral or forgiveness of real estate taxes, water charges, and other public debts owed on rental properties, construction financing, technical assistance, etc.

PolicyLink http://www.policylink.org/EDTK/AH101/Financing.html; District of Columbia Housing and Development Incentives http://dcbiz.dc.gov/dmped/cwp/view,a,1365,q,569285.asp

Implement policies for families to afford San Francisco Down Payment Assistance Loan Program

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down payment, transaction, and closing costs.

(DALP) http://www.sfgov.org/site/moh_page.asp?id=48041

Create affordable mortgage financing instruments that are easily accessible.

HUD: Housing and Mortgage Finance Agencies, http://www.hud.gov/offices/pih/ih/homeownership/184/agencies.cfm

Encourage more landlords to get their property Section 8 certified through incentives such as assistance with the approval process and tenant search.

HUD, Section 8 Information for Landlords, http://www.hud.gov/groups/landlords.cfm

Consider legislation that prohibits landlords from refusing prospective tenants solely because they are part of the Section 8 program.

National Housing Law Project: Section 8 Housing. http://www.nhlp.org/html/sec8/source_of_income_3.htm

Amend the inclusionary housing ordinance to require that affordable housing developed off-site to be at a closer distance or in the same neighborhood as the primary development. Inclusionary zoning requires that a given share of new construction be affordable to people with low to moderate incomes.

San Francisco Below Market Rate Inclusionary Housing Program and Ordinance http://www.sfgov.org/site/moh_page.asp?id=48003 & http://www.sfgov.org/site/uploadedfiles/moh/programs/FirstTimeBuyer/Ordinance%20101-07%20-%20passed%204.17.07.pdf

Amend the inclusionary housing ordinance to require a percentage of units to be low- or very-low income accessible. Inclusionary zoning requires that a given share of new construction be affordable to people with low to moderate incomes.

Urban Habitat: REDI’s Policy Recommendations and Implementation Measures for Richmond’s General Plan Update http://urbanhabitat.org/files/REDI-Recommends-Implementation-2007-12-20-Exec-Summ.pdf

Create incentives for building affordable housing in middle and upper income neighborhoods.

Urban Institute. Low-Income Families Are Moving to Better Neighborhoods with Help from Chicago's Housing Mobility Program. http://www.urban.org/publications/900789.html

Revise inclusionary housing policies to incentivize onsite BMR construction. Only permit developers to pay in-lieu fees, instead of constructing the inclusionary units off-site. Or only allow under a narrow set of circumstances.


Include strategies in the Housing Element to build affordable/assisted housing opportunities in middle- and upper-income neighborhoods (away from existing high poverty areas) to encourage economic/class integration.

Urban Institute. Low-Income Families Are Moving to Better Neighborhoods with Help from Chicago's Housing Mobility Program. http://www.urban.org/publications/900789.html

Create and increase accessibility of affordable mortgage financing

SF Mayor's Office on Housing: Loan Assistance Programs http://www.sfgov.org/site/moh_index.asp?id=47989

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instruments and increase access to them.

HH.4. Assure access to healthy quality housing


Increase financial assistance from the Mayor's Office of Housing to low-income homeowners for rehabilitation and to other property owners to rehabilitate homes that will adhere to affordable housing requirements.

SF Community Housing Rehabilitation Program http://www.sfgov.org/site/moh_page.asp?id=67266, San Diego http://www.sdhc.net/hahelpfix1.shtml

Devote 100% of in-lieu fees to the production or rehabilitation of low-, very-low and extremely-low income housing.


Preserve and increase financing to maintain and improve the existing supply of public housing.

Center on Budget and Policy Priorities http://www.cbpp.org/3-5-08hous.htm

Monitor and correct housing and habitability code violations to prevent the loss of affordable housing.


Use high quality building materials to offset long term maintenance and repair costs.

Asian Neighborhood Design, The Materials Handbook. http://www.andnet.org/materials.html. Minnesota Green Affordable Housing Guide. http://www.greenhousing.umn.edu/index.html

Capture a portion of the increased land value from the conversion of commercial land to residential and from increased height limits, to be used for increased affordable housing.


Include soundproofing and/or air filtration systems in noisy and/or high pollution areas.

Los Angeles World Airports Residential Soundproofing Program http://www.lawa.org/ResSoundproof.cfm and EPA Aging Initiative: Evaluating Indoor Air Interventions To Reduce Diesel Particulate Matter In West Oakland, California. http://www.epa.gov/aging/pdfs/2006_epa-aging-final-report-with-budget.pdf

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Healthy Economy

HE.1. Increase high-quality employment opportunities for local residents


Use a community benefits agreement to provide and ensure neighborhood economic benefits not otherwise possible via land use and zoning tools (e.g., living wages, local hiring and job training, readiness and placement services, affordable housing, environmental remediation, employer support services, First Source provision, and funds for community programs).

Community Benefits Law Center (SF) http://www.communitybenefits.org/legal/; The Practical Real Estate Lawyer "Understanding Community Benefits Agreements" http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1157613; Good Jobs First & California Partnership for Working Families "Community Benefits Agreements: Making Development Projects Accountable" http://www.goodjobsfirst.org/pdf/cba2005final.pdfImplement a community benefits agreement

that ensures developers will hire locally and provide prevailing and living wages for construction-related jobs during the development process.

Require more accountability in project area businesses and other businesses seeking economic development subsidies, including requiring businesses to invest in training, hire locally and provide wages/benefits that add up to self-sufficiency levels. United Way "The Bottom Line: Setting the Real Standard

for Bay Area Working Families" http://www.uwba.org/helplink/reports/BottomLine.pdfEncourage developers to lease/sell space to

retail who provide self sufficiency wages.

Target industry sectors that have higher paying entry level jobs to locate in San Francisco and hire locally through a high-wage adult job training program.

Compare wage scales in economic development proposals to the self-sufficiency standard to determine if they are at or above self-sufficiency and if these proposed employees will require public work supports as well (i.e., a “double subsidy” for the business).

Wells Fargo: The Employee Mortgage Program https://www.wellsfargo.com/com/corporateprograms/corpemployee

Encourage employers to provide mortgage support to employees, especially on houses with good public transit access and/or proximity to the worksite.

Aspen Times "Teacher housing in Carbondale moving forward" http://www.aspentimes.com/article/20080708/NEWS/86433114; Workforce Housing Coalition of the Greater Seacoast: Success Stories http://www.seacoastwhc.org/whc_success_stories.pdf; American Planning Association. Affordable Housing Reader: Putting the Force in Workforce Housing

Partner with non-profit housing developers to provide subsidised housing for company employees and/or public servants.

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http://www.planning.org/affordablereader/planning/workforce1104.htm

Establish a residential transit pass program that charges each residential unit as part of the monthly or yearly homeowner’s fee. All below market rate units should receive free or discounted passes.

Transportation and Land Use Coalition. "It Takes a Transit Village: How Better Planning Can Save the Bay AreaBillions of Dollars and Ease the Housing Shortage" http://www.transcoalition.org/reports/it_takes_transit_village.pdf; University of Washington Regional Visioning Project. Tools: Location Efficient Mortgages, Seattle, Washington http://depts.washington.edu/visions/ToolsExamples.htm; Bay Area Metropolitan Transportation Commission. TransLink for Transit Oriented Development (TOD): Pilot Project http://apps.mtc.ca.gov/meeting_packet_documents/agenda_1087/11_Translink_for_TOD.pdf

Work with local and regional transportation agencies to provide subsidized transit passes to residents of affordable units and other transit-dependent residents.

Establish a Regional Jobs/Housing Commission with powers to: determine "unbalanced" municipalities within the region, based on the ratio of jobs to affordable housing units; divert a portion of the increasing tax base from those unbalanced municipalities to the regional jobs/housing fund; oversee the use of these funds for affordable housing (and possibly economic development); and hear builder's appeals and override local regulatory actions if they unnecessarily limit the development of affordable housing.

PolicyLink. Commercial Linkage Strategies: Boston Linkage Program http://www.policylink.org/EDTK/Linkage/action.html; San Franicsco Mayor's Office of Housing. Notice of Jobs-Housing Linkage Fee http://www.sfgov.org/site/moh_page.asp?id=65351

Implement or widen the application of the SF Jobs/Housing Linkage Program.

HE.2. Increase jobs that provide healthy, safe and meaningful work


Require that businesses exempt from the San Francisco Health Care Security Ordinance provide job-based health insurance to employees.

San Francisco Office of Labor Standards Enforcement. Health Care Security Ordinance http://www.sfgov.org/site/olse_index.asp?id=45168; San Francisco UC Berkeley Labor Center. Overview of the SF Health Care and Security Ordinance with Questions and Answers http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/healthpolicy/sf_security_ordinance.pdf

Enforce the California Occupational Safety and Health Administration's Law, which mandates that "Every employer shall establish, implement and maintain an effective Injury and Illness Prevention Program (Program)."

California Occupational Safety and Health Code Subchapter 7. General Industry Safety OrdersGroup 1. General Physical Conditions and Structures Orders Introduction http://www.dir.ca.gov/title8/3203.html

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Use a community benefits agreement to provide and ensure neighborhood economic benefits not otherwise possible via land use and zoning tools (e.g., living wages, local hiring and job training, readiness and placement services, affordable housing, environmental remediation, employer support services, First Source provision, and funds for community programs).

Community Benefits Law Center (SF) http://www.communitybenefits.org/legal/; The Practical Real Estate Lawyer "Understanding Community Benefits Agreements" http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1157613; Good Jobs First & California Partnership for Working Families "Community Benefits Agreements: Making Development Projects Accountable" http://www.goodjobsfirst.org/pdf/cba2005final.pdfImplement a community benefits agreement

that ensures that developers will hire locally and provide prevailing and living wages for construction-related jobs during the development process.

Enact legislation requiring employers to provide paid sick time for employees or enforce if legislation already exists.

San Francisco Office of Labor Standards Enforcement: Paid Sick Leave Ordinance (PSL) http://www.sfgov.org/site/olse_index.asp?id=49389; San Francisco Department of Public Health. Paid Sick Day Health Impact Assessment http://www.sfphes.org/work_sick_day.htm

Prioritize leasing or selling commercial/retail space to tenants who provide good employee benefits (e.g., retirement benefits, job training, career-path job opportunities, etc.).

Employee Benefit News "Investing in wellness is good business" http://ebn.benefitnews.com/asset/article/625001/staying-current/investing-wellness-good-business.html?pg=&topicName=health-care

Prioritize leasing or selling commercial/retail space to tenants who have green business practices.

BRIDGE Housing "West Oakland's Seventh Street Readies for Business: Community-led foods cooperative signs storefront lease" http://www.mandelafoods.com/lease.pdf

Prioritize leasing or selling commercial/retail space to businesses that are locally owned.

BRIDGE Housing and Mandela Foods Cooperative "West Oakland's Seventh Street Readies for Business: Community-led foods cooperative signs storefront lease" http://www.mandelafoods.com/lease.pdf

HE.3. Increase equality in income and wealth


Expand non-profit business management training programs that help women open their own successful businesses that generate additional quality jobs for other community members.

Women's Initiative for Self Employment http://www.womensinitiative.org/index.htm

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Dramatically increase the number, magnitude and success rate of minority-owned and women-owned businesses.

US Department of Commerce. Minority Business Development Agency "The State of Minority Business in the San Francisco, CA MSA" http://www.mbda.gov/?section_id=6&bucket_id=659&content_id=3433&well=entire_page

Increase the quality and quantity of start-up spaces for new women and minority small business owners by ensuring that each host has flexible space and leases, office services and equipment on a pay-as-you-go basis, an on-site incubator manager as a resource for business advice, exposure to a network of outside business and technical consultants, often providing accounting, marketing, engineering and legal advice, and financing and marketing assistance.

Astia http://www.astia.org/; La Cocina http://www.lacocinasf.org/; National Business Incubation Association http://www.nbia.org/; Oklahoma Department of Commerce: New and Small Business Support http://staging.okcommerce.gov/test1/dmdocuments/Oklahoma_Small_Business_Incubator_Certification_Program_Annu_1305082444.pdf

Educate the public about the importance of raising the minimum wage and raise it at a local, state, and/or national level to a living wage.

Cornell University: Industrial & Labor Relations Review "The Economic Effects of a Citywide Minimum Wage" http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/ilrreview/vol60/iss4/4/; San Francisco Office of Labor Standards Enforcement: Minimum Wage Ordinance http://www.sfgov.org/site/olse_index.asp?id=27605; National Public Radio "San Francisco Minimum Wage Fails to Dent Economy"

Encourage all financial institutions, especially those in minority and low-income neighborhoods offer Individual Development Accounts which match the savings of debt-free, low-income people with both federal dollars and private donations.

Community Investments, Volume 10; No. 1; Winter 1998"IDAs... What Are They?" http://www.frbsf.org/publications/community/investments/cra98-1/page2.html; American Public Media. Marketplace: Individual Development Accounts http://marketplace.publicradio.org/display/web/2008/04/11/individual_development_accounts/; Individual Development Accounts (IDAs)

The City's Office of Workforce Development should work with the fastest growing industry sectors to create entry-level jobs that are better paying and have a career-path within the company or industry.

California Employment Development Department. "Planning for Organizational Success: EDD Strategic Plan 2007-2011 http://www.edd.ca.gov/pdf_pub_ctr/eddstrategicplan2007.pdf

Change tax-credit programs so that award of tax credits are contingent upon the recipient business providing jobs that pay wages equal to or above self-sufficiency income

San Francisco Office of Economic and Workforce Development: Tax Credits and Incentives http://www.oewd.org/Business-Assistance-Tax-Credits.aspx

HE.4. Protect and enhances natural resources and the environmentPolicy and Design Strategies Case Studies/Sources

Designate a green industrial zone for City of Richmond General Plan. Community Health and

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manufacturing and research offices. Wellness (Draft) Element http://www.cityofrichmondgeneralplan.org/docManager/1000000663/Community%20Health%20And%20Wellness%20Element%20v1.0.pdf

Coordinate with the workforce development, training and recruitment programs to ensure that green jobs benefit city residents.

Require compliance with the SF Green Business Program as a prerequisite for operating a business.

San Francisco Green Business Program http://www2.sfenvironment.org/greenbiz/index.htm

Establish clear design guidelines that require compliance with LEED and Energy Star.

California Integrated Waste Management Board: Sustainable Building Guidelines http://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/greenBuilding/Design/Guidelines.htm; US EPA: Energy Star Building Design Guidance http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=new_bldg_design.new_bldg_design_guidance

Use Community Benefit Agreements or Development Agreements to ensure a proportion of commercial development meets City green business standards, compliance with environmental requirements, SF Green Business Program, or Bay Area Green Business standards.

Bay Area Green Business program. http://www.greenbiz.abag.ca.gov/

Prioritize leasing or selling commercial/retail space to tenants who have green business practices.

BRIDGE Housing "West Oakland's Seventh Street Readies for Business: Community-led foods cooperative signs storefront lease" http://www.mandelafoods.com/lease.pdf

Prioritize leasing or selling commercial/retail space to businesses that are locally owned.

BRIDGE Housing and Mandela Foods Cooperative "West Oakland's Seventh Street Readies for Business: Community-led foods cooperative signs storefront lease" http://www.mandelafoods.com/lease.pdf

Implement green business standards for industrial sectors that go above and beyond toxics and air quality standards.

Bay Area Green Business program: Industry Specific Resources and Professional Associations http://www.greenbiz.ca.gov/GreenResources.html#industry

Offer educational and incentive programs to encourage more businesses to establish "green" and sustainable operations.

Bay Area Green Business program: Rewards http://www.greenbiz.ca.gov/BGRewarding.html and http://www.sfenvironment.org/our_policies/overview.html?ssi=13

Community Benefits Law Center (SF) http://www.communitybenefits.org/legal/; The Practical Real Estate Lawyer "Understanding Community Benefits Agreements" http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1157613; Good Jobs First & California Partnership for Working Families "Community Benefits Agreements: Making Development Projects Accountable" http://www.goodjobsfirst.org/pdf/cba2005final.pdf

Use Community Benefit Agreements or Development Agreements to provide for and ensure specific economic benefits not

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otherwise possible via land use and zoning tools - e.g., local hiring, job placement services, employer support services, First Source provision.

Require specific activities of businesses via a Community Benefit Agreement to support observance of green business standards (e.g., use low toxicity cleaning products; recycle all paper, cardboard, fluorescent lamps, bottles, batteries, toner and ink cartridges, cans, spent fuel canisters, and old cell phones; stock recycled, reusable, rechargeable, tree-free and other environmentally preferred products; reuse all packaging materials; and, stop the use of pesticides in businesses).

Provide support to businesses in adjacent neighborhoods with respect to resource conservation and pollution prevention practices to mitigate the impacts associated with new residents.

San Francisco Department of the Environment: Environmental Justice http://www.sfenvironment.org/our_programs/overview.html?ssi=1

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