City of St. Louis Mid-Century Modern Architecture Survey - 40 buildings

7/29/2019 City of St. Louis Mid-Century Modern Architecture Survey - 40 buildings

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enGineerS clubDate : 1961

Arc hitec t: Russe ll, Mullga rd t, Sc hw a rz & Va n HoefenBuild ing Typ e: Institut iona l/ Orga niza tion

Loc a tion : 4359 Lind e ll Bouleva rd

The Eng ineers C lub o f St Louis wa s d esigne d b y Russell,Mullg a rd t, Sc hwa rz, and Van Hoe fen. It ha s a d oub le-height triangular portion to the west, joined to a rectan-gular one-story volume ending in a zigzag eastern wall.The b uild ing ha s b ric k and sla te c la d d ing w ith stee l ac -c en ts. The b uild ing inc lud es a 400-sea t a ud ito rium a nd

exterior roo f-mounte d sund ia l. The b uild ing s sig nific a nc eis primarily architectural, showcasing this highly regard-ed a nd p ro lific St Louis firm s expressionistic d esign fo r agroup that would appreciate its interesting design fea-tures. Some o f the se inc lude the t riang ular pilaste rs a nda ngled wa lls p ic king up on the tria ngular foo tp rint of theta ller volume, and the roo f s uniq ue a ng led sha p e.

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archdiOceSeOf St. lOuiSDate : 1962

Architec t: W.A. Sa rmientoBuild ing Typ e: Other

Loc a tion : 4445-67 Lind e ll Bouleva rd

The Cha nc ery of t he Archd ioc ese of St. Louis b uild ing isround in plan, with a d om ed roo f and mo d eled tw o-storyconcrete supports in front of a plate glass two-story wall.The b uild ing , de sig ned b y the Ba nk Build ing a nd Eq uipm entCo rp ora tion o f Am eric a (W. A. Sa rm ien to ) ha s a steel struc -ture with c onc rete founda tions fac ed with c oursed stone.

The p rojec ting roo f is sup p orted b y c olumns whic h c urvein to a t tac h at the c oncrete b and betwe en the two lev-els. The ma in entry fea tures d oub le heigh t w ind ow s, andthe c en tral skylig ht ha s striking c onc re te trac ery. Stylisti-c a lly, the b uild ing exhib its a sp a c e a g e exp ressionisticinfluenc e see n in the p la yful c olumn sha p es a nd d ec ora-t ive sc reen of m eta l b a nding.

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St. nichOlaS PariSh centerDate : 1960

Architec t: A.F. & Arthur Sta ud erBuild ing Typ e: Institut iona l/ Orga niza tion

Loc a tion : 1801-27 Luc a s Avenue

The St. Nic ho las Pa rish C enter, b y A .F. & Arthu r Sta ud er, isa U-shaped single-story building with double-height and2-sto ry sec tions a nd a sq ua re tow er. The foo tp rint e nc om -p a sses a c hurc h, sc hoo l, and g ym o r a ud itorium, a ll wra p -ping around a central parking lot. Both double-heightp ort ions, one a t ea c h end of Luc a s Ave, feature a wa ved

roof w ith o ve rha ng ing ea ves, c leresto ry w ind ow s, slit w in-d ow s, and b ric k c la d d ing . St. Nic ho la s is a rc hite c turallysignificant as one of the works of a prolific and highly-regarded local firm specializing in religious architecture.The d esig n illustrat es a n a rra ng ement o f low , ho rizonta lvolumes punctuated by the tower and the primary wor-ship ha ll, bo th w ith d istinc tive roo f sha p es.

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SOcietyOf aMerican GardenSDate : 1957

Arc hitec t: Fred eric k Dunn & Nola s Stinson Jr.Build ing Typ e: Institut iona l/ Orga niza tion

Loc a tion: 4401 Ma gnolia Avenue

The Soc iet y of Am eric a n Ga rd ens, or Na tiona l Co unc il ofSta te G a rd en C lub s b uild ing w a s d esig ned b y architec tsFred erick Dunn a nd No las Stinson, Jr. The orig ina l bu ild inghas p ink Chic a go c om mo n b ric k, granite, and a luminumwindo ws. The b uild ing rec eived a n AIA 25-yea r a wa rd forits end uring d esig n, and sho ws a strong Inte rna tiona l Style

influence in its modular windows, horizontal proportions,a nd rec tiline a r fo rms. The b uild ing is signific a nt no t only forits Inte rna tiona l Style a rc hitec ture, but a lso a s p a rt o f thehisto ry of t he d evelop ment of t he u rb a n p a rk syste m in St.Louis, in its se tt ing w ithin Sha w Pa rk.

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5/40

GateWay tOWerDate : 1966

Arc hitec t: Hellmuth, Ob a ta a nd Ka ssa b a um (HOK)Build ing Typ e: Offic e

Loc a tion : 1-99 S Me moria l Drive

Ga tew a y Tow er wa s d esigne d b y HOK a nd c om p leted in1968. The b uild ing ho uses TV sta tion o ffices a nd p a rking .The g a ra ge is ma inly c onc rete with one b a nd of rib b onw ind ow s. A c onc rete ra iling on its top d ec k alig ns w ith thefirst c onc rete b a lc ony railing on the ma in to we r struc ture.Rib b on w ind ows wra p the b uild ing . The Inte rna tiona l Style

architecture of this building can be seen in the repeti-tive modularity of its elements, the ribbon windows, andthe exposed struct ura l piers. The b uild ing wa s p a rt o f asignificant Civic Center riverfront redevelopment effort,which inc lud ed the Pet M ilk Build ing , Sto uffe r s Rive rfrontInn, and the Sta d ium.

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fairGrOund Park SWiMMinG facilityDate : 1959

Arc hitec t: Kra me r & Ha rms Arc hitec tsBuild ing Typ e: Other

Loc a tion: 3715 Natural Brid g e A venue

Designed by Kramer & Harms, Architects, the single-storyFairground Park pool facil ity features a low pitched but-te rfly roo f rising from c en te r over low b ox w ing s sup p ortedb y expo sed c onc rete lily p a d c olumns. The e ntire struc -ture is op en-a ir. The low b ox w ing s a re rec ta ng ular bric kstruc tures w ith stone d ec ora tions a nd b a nd ing . The w a lls

sheltered und er the b utterfly roo f a re c urved , with m osa -ic t ile a nd p a inted c onc rete . The struc ture is a rc hitec tur-a lly sig nific a nt fo r the simp lic ity o f its c on tra sting m od ernforms, esp ec ia lly the exp ressive roo f sha p e sup p orted b y Wrig htia n c olumns.

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7/40

St. lOuiS cOMMunity cOlleGe,

fOreSt ParkDate : 1965

Architec t: Ha rry Weese & Assoc ia tesBuild ing Typ e: Sc hoo l

Loc a tion: 5600 Oa kla nd Avenue

The p rima ry c om p onents of this four-sto ry c ollec tion o fb ric k build ing s, ow ned b y the St. Louis Co mmunity C ol-lege, are two long rectangular spines. A rectangularseries of to wers is c onne c ted to ea c h sp ine, a nd the tw o

overla p a t o ne e nd. A g ymnasium a nd a nother one-storyvolume oc c ur a t the ove rla p . The b uild ing s were d esig nedb y Harry Weese (Benjamin Wee se, p rima ry d esigne r). Theb uild ing s a re set on lig ht raised c onc rete b a ses a nd ha vea d ee p ly rec essed a nd op en-air g round floor. The so lid ityof the walls, massive tower forms, and narrow, slot win-d ows ma rk the b uild ing s a s Bruta list in style, thoug h thesea re b ric k ra ther than the mo re typ ic a l c onc rete.

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St. JOanOf arc churchDate : 1958

Architec t: A.F. & A rthur Sta ud er Architec tsBuild ing Typ e: Church

Loc a tion: 5800 Olea tha Avenue

The St. Joa n o f Arc Churc h is a b uff b ric k struc ture d e-sig ne d b y A .F. a nd Arthur Sta ud er Arc hitec ts in 1958. Theentry is fra me d b y a p rojec t ing c onc rete fra me which e x-tends above the roofline and is capped by a slight seg-me nta l a rc h. Ab ove the d oo rs is a d ec orative mo sa ic t ilep a nel. The rem a ind er of the c hurc h fea tures vertic a l slit

windo ws w ith d a rk bric k inset a b ove a nd b elow . The w in-d ows a re b y the Emil Frei Sta ined Gla ss Comp a ny. Thechurch is architecturally significant as a fine example ofMo d ern relig ious a rc hite c ture b y the Sta ud ers, well-rec -og nized a rc hitec ts in St. Louis. Ha llma rks o f the ir style in-c lude the no nsymme tric a l co mp osit ion o f low a nd tal lervolumes, and the inset vertical window openings withinthe ma sonry wa lls.

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9/40

Machacek branch l ibraryDate : 1974

Arc hitec t: Berger-Fie ld -Torno -Hurley Arc hitec tsBuild ing Typ e: Institut iona l/ Orga niza tion

Loc a tion: 6426-34 Sc a nlan Ave nue

The M a c ha c ek b ra nc h Lib ra ry, d esig ned b y Berge r-Field -Torno-Hurley Archite c ts, is a sing le-sto ry Bruta list sty lebuilding set into a hillside with partially visible buildingfa a d es. The e ntire b uild ing ha s expo sed g ra y c onc retewa lls w ith ho rizon ta l joints a t trad itiona l co rnic e leve l andvaried roof-line heights. An exterior stair leads to the roof-

top p la yground a rea . In 1973, a tree sa ving c erem onyra ther than a tra d it iona l g round b rea king wa s held. Thebuilding is architecturally significant for being one of thesma llest-sc a le e xamp les o f Bruta lism in St. Louis.

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10/40

McdOnnell Medical Science buildinGDate : 1970

Arc hitec t: Murp hy , Dow ney, Woffo rd , & Ric hma nBuild ing Typ e: Institut iona l/ Orga niza tion

Loc a tion: 4550-6 Sc ott Ave nue

The Mc Donne ll Med ic a l Cente r of Wa shing ton Unive rsitySc hoo l of Me d ic ine w a s d esig ned b y Murp hy, Dow ney,Wofford & Richman. It is a massive rectangular multi-sto-ry building predominantly executed in a pale buff brick.Its east and west facades feature sculptural half-circlep ro jec tions ho using the utility lines. The d esign m a y ha ve

taken its inspiration from Louis Kahns ideas of expressingthe serva nt or utility func tions o f a b uild ing . The b uild ingsho ws a sp ec ts o f Bruta lism in its mono lithic , hea vy m a sonrymass, and is architecturally significant for its style, execu-tion, and a s p a rt of a b od y of wo rk b y a w ell-known firm.

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11/40

MiSSOuri diviSiOnOf eMPlOyMent

Security buildinGDate : 1959

Arc hitec t: HOKBuild ing Typ e: Offic e

Loc a tion: 601 N Broa d wa y

The Missouri Division o f Emp loym ent Sec urity Build ing wa sc onstruc te d in 1959 as the Sta te o f M issouri Office Build -ing . This 3-sto ry b uild ing fe a tures a rec ta ng ular foo tp rint,lime stone c la d d ing , p a ired fixed w ind ow s, a nd a fla t roo f.Each bay on the primary street-fronting facades has alimestone pilaster supporting a pyramidal capitol thatcreates mini-vault ing above each window and a deepove rha ng a t ea c h story. The b uild ing is a g oo d e xa mp leof t he New Forma list style of M od ern Arc hite c ture, with itsec hoes of a temp le -like form a nd b eveled window d e-ta iling . The b uild ing , like Ya ma sa ki s Co nferenc e Ce nte ra t Wa yne Sta te in Detroit (1958), exhib its symmetry andformality.

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12/40

P iuS MeMOrial l ibrary

St. lOuiS univerSityDate : 1958. Reno va te d 1986, 2012

Arc hitec t: Leo A. DalyBuild ing Typ e: Institut iona l/ Orga niza tion

Loc a tion : 3655 West Pine Bouleva rd

The Pius Memoria l Lib rary, St. Louis Unive rsity, w a s d esigne db y Leo A. Da ly. The fa a d es a re ve rtica l p a nels of sta c kedb ond red b ric ks fla nked b y c a sem ent w ind ow s em p ha siz-ing the exp osed struc tura l p ie rs. The b rick pa ne ls te rm ina tea t the sec ond floo r, allow ing the struc tural piers to sta nd

a lone c rea ting a p ort ic o. Unde r the p ort ic o, the g roundleve l is c lad in sto ne p a ne ls a nd a sto re front syste m. Thema in entry is d elinea ted with a p rojec t ing a ngled me talc a nop y. The b uild ing is a rc hitec tura lly sig nific a nt a s a nexam p le of the Mo d ern style s em p ha sis on reve a ling thestructure of the building on the exterior, and for the ex-p ression of t he m a sonry p a ne ls a s p ure c urta inw a ll, hang -ing from the struc ture.

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carPenterS uniOn hallDate:1956

Architec t: Stud y, Fa rra r & Ma jersBuild ing Typ e: Institut iona l/ Orga niza tion

Loc a tion: 1401-21 Ha mp ton Avenue

Ca rp ente r s Union Ha ll wa s d esigne d b y Stud y, Fa rra r &Ma jers. It is a three-sto ry b ric k build ing w ith c onc rete b a se.The 3-sto ry vertica l entry ba y w ith c onc ret e surround s iscoupled with a hip-roofed port ico. Windows have con-c rete trim a nd mu llions. The interior wa s d esig ned b y theBa nk Build ing & Eq uip ment C orpo ra tion a nd inc lud es va ri-

ous typ es of showc a sed wood work. The b uild ing is a rc hi-tecturally significant as well as being significant for play-ing a p a rt in the d eve lop me nt o f c om me rc e in St. Louis,a s one o f the c onstruc tion t ra d es Union Halls. The b uild -ings Modern era styling is seen in its ribbon windows, itsexpo sed c onc rete b a se, and its sp la yed p ortic o c olumns.

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the POSt Office annexDate:1969

Arc hitec t: Leo A. DalyBuild ing Typ e: Institutiona l/ Orga niza tiona l

Loc a tion : 1600-98 Ma rket Stree t

The Post O ffic e Anne x, by Leo A. Da ly, is a rec ta ng ula r fou rsto ry ad d ition to the USPS Syste ms Center build ing . Thebuilding has cast-in-place exposed concrete walls andfea tures b la c k sla te p a ne ls a s well a s a b la c k g ra nite b a se.The p a nels a re ne sted b etw een rec tang ula r c onc rete p i-lasters extending from the base to the flared concrete

c ornic e. The o nly op en ing s a re m onolithic floo r to c eilingd a rk c urta inw a ll window s, rec essed slig htly a t stree t leve l,which o c c ur b etwee n every pila ste r. There is no p ub licentry. The b uild ing is a g ood exa mp le o f the Bruta list style,w ith its sla te p a nels set b a c k within musc ula r c onc retep ila ste rs a nd m inima l w ind ow op en ing s.

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15/40

haMiltOnian federal SavinGS

and lOan aSSOciatiOnDate:1967

Architec t: Ge orge Winkler a nd Fra nk L. Thomp sonBuild ing Typ e: Ba nk

Loc a tion : 3150-6 S Grand Bouleva rd

Full height curtainwall faades are the most prominentfeature of this single-story structure, constructed by theHa miltonia n Fed era l Sa vings a nd Loa n Assoc ia tion in 1961.The a rc hitec ts were G eo rg e Winkler and Fra nk L. Thomp -

son. A prominent roof overhang, supported by steel col-umns, c rea tes a log g ia on tw o sid es of the b uild ing . A sec -ond a ry entry p a vilion, c la d in stone , p rojec ts b eyo nd thelog g ia tow a rd s a p a rking a rea a s a solid sc ulp tura l b loc kc on tra sted a g a inst the lig htne ss of the g la ss a nd c olumns.The Inte rna tiona l Style b uild ing is c lea rly influenc ed b y thed esig ns o f Mies va n d er Rohe . It is signific a nt fo r b eing un-usua lly we ll exec uted , w ith its elem en ts strip p ed d ow n toa minimum .

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16/40

St. lOuiS Public l ibrary

JacOb Mark laShly branchDate:1967

Arc hitec t: Willia m B. Ittne r, Inc .Build ing Typ e: Institut iona l/ Orga niza tion

Loc a tion : 4531-7 West Pine Bouleva rd

The simp lic ity of the c urved mu lti-sto ry colona d e e xec ut-ed in smo oth rec ta ngula r c onc rete c olums a nd a simp lec ornic e c onvey a serenity a p p rop ria te to a p ublic lib ra ry.The La shly Bra nc h lib ra ry, a s the b uild ing wa s o rigina lly,

was designed by William B. Ittner, Inc. in the New Formal-ism style. The b uild ing s c entra l entry is em p ha sized b y acontrasting steel cantilevered rectil inear canopy hover-ing over c a st c onc rete c urved wa lls. The g la ss is d ee p lyrecessed within the colonnade and is t inted to accen-tuate the shadow effect. Remaining facades are blondbrick.

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17/40

ParaQuadDate:1969

Architect: UndeterminedBuild ing Typ e: Offic e

Loc a tion : 5200-40 Oa kla nd Avenue

Designed in the Me isian style in 1969, th is rec tilinea r ex-p osed steel fra me b uild ing ha s infill ma sonry p a nels fla nkedb y vertic a l three -pa rt w ind ow s w ith p rojec ting stee l fra me .The single-sto ry c ommerc ial-use struc ture is mounted ona raised plinth edged by concrete planters, in keepingw ith its style. The b uild ing is a rc hitec tura lly signific a nt a s

a g oo d e xa mp le o f a c om me rc ia l b uild ing using the Mie-sia n style, a sub g roup o f the Inte rna tiona l Style.

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18/40

lanGStOn eleMentary Public SchOOlDate : 1964

Arc hitec t: Willia m B. Ittne r, Inc .Build ing Typ e: Sc hoo l

Loc a tion: 5501 Wa b a d a Avenue

This b uild ing is a 3-sto ry rec tilinea r bu ild ing w ith b rick a ndexpo sed -ag greg ate pa nel c lad d ing a nd mult i-pa ne w in-d ow s. It ha s b ee n b oth a p ub lic eleme nta ry sc hoo l a s we lla s a m id d le sc hool. The b uild ing is la rg ely sup p orted onp iers w ith ta p ered linte ls. The g round leve l is d eep ly re-c essed , creating a c overed p la y a rea a t g ra d e. The no rtha nd south fa a d es a re c ontinuous b a nks of w ind ow s sep -a ra ted b y c onc rete p iers a nd b ea ms. The b uild ing is a l-most ide ntica l to Yea tm a n MS a t 4265 Athlone . The b uild -ing is significant both for its architectural design, but alsofor its p a rt in the d eve lop me nt of the ed uc a tion system inSt. Louis.

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19/40

Juvenile diviSiOn circuit cOurtDate:1965

Arc hitec t: Willia m B. Ittne r, Inc .Build ing Typ e: Institut iona l/ Orga niza tion

Loc a tion: 910-30 N Vand eve nte r Ave nue

The Juvenile Division C irc uit Court Build ing is a b rick andconcrete structure with a two- and three-story irregularp lan. The a rc hitec t w a s Willia m B. Ittner, Inc ., a nd theb uild ing w a s c om p leted in 1965. Connec ted to the rea rof t he b uild ing is a sma ll struct ure w ith a c urved b utte rflyroo f a nd c le resto ry w ind ows. The entire b uild ing is ra ised

from the surround ing te rra in on sto ne-fa c ed p la tforms. Al-thoug h p ortions of the b uild ing a re influenc ed b y the NewForma lism style of a rc hitec ture (the c urving, symm et ric a l,forma l entry volume ), the rest o f the b uild ing is a symm et ri-c a l and show s a mo re p a nelized , non-loa d b ea ring trea t-me nt of the m a sonry.

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20/40

laMbert internatiOnal St. lOuiS airPOrtDate:1957

Architect: Hellmu th, Ya ma sa ki & Leinwe b erBuild ing Typ e: Other

Loc a tion: 10701 La mb ert Inte rna tiona l Bouleva rd

In 1951, the firm of Hellmuth, Yamasaki, and Leinweberwa s c om missioned to d esign the new / upd a ted La mb ert-St. Louis Munic ip a l Airp ort. Mino ru Ya ma sa ki s d omed d e-sign for Lamberts main terminal became the forerunnerof mo d ern te rm ina l build ing p la ns. The te rm ina l is a rg u-a b ly the first in use fo r mod ern air trave l. Bo th the JohnF. Kenned y Airp ort in New York and the Cha rles DeG ua lleAirport in Paris, France followed the lead of the domedd esig n of La mb ert s Ma in Termina l. Ya ma sa ki to ok de -sig n c ues from Grand Ce ntral Sta tion in New York, andtea me d w ith the e ng inee ring firm o f Co ntini & Bec ker tob uild the te rm ina l b uild ing . The p resen t four-d ome m a interminal was built originally with three domes; the fourthin a d d ed in 1965; wa s d esig ned b y Hellmuth, Ob a ta , a ndKa sseb a um . In 1971, the a irp ort s na me o ffic ia lly cha ng edto La mb ert-St. Louis Inte rna tiona l Airp ort from La mb ert-St.Louis Munic ip a l Airp ort.

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21/40

Wendell Oliver Pruitt Public SchOOlDate : 1954

Architec t: F. Ra y Le imkuehlerBuild ing Typ e: Sc ho o l

Loc a tion: 1212 N 22nd Stree t

The Wend e ll O live r Pruitt Pub lic Sc ho o l is a n L sha p edbuilding with varying heights, 3 stories at its tallest, withfla t roo fs. Loc a ted a d ja c ent t o Desoto Pa rk and the siteof the former Pruitt-Igoe complex, this brick building hasmulti-paned windows as well as bays of glass block win-d ow s w ith sto ne sills a nd ma rb le a nd stone tiles a round the

ma in e ntry. The sc ho o l wa s d esig ne d b y F. Ra y Leimkue-hler and wa s p a rt of the Pruitt-Ig oe d eve lop me nt (11-sto rymod ular build ings). The sc ho o l exhib its the typ ic a l ho ri-zontal lines and planar surfaces of Modern design, withd eta iled b ric kwo rk and some exp ression istic touc hes suc ha s the wa vy c onc rete entry surround .

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22/40

ManSiOn hOuSe develOPMentDate : 1965

Arc hitec t: Sc hwa rz & Van Hoe fenBuild ing Typ e: Mixed Use

Loc a tion: 200 N 4th Stree t

The Ma nsion House d evelop ment is a sup erbloc k, w ithtowers and low-r ise buildings connected by a commonund erground g a ra g e. Desig ned c hiefly b y Ric ha rd Henm ia t Sc hwa rz a nd Van Hoe fen, the de velop me nt ha s threerec ta ng ula r tow ers b uilt a s a p a rtme nts, thoug h one tow er(a t 200 N. 4th) ha s b ee n converte d to ho te l use. All three

towers have a projecting curtainwall grid and horizontala c c ents of c a ntilevered c onc rete b a lc onies. The M a n-sion House p rojec t wa s a red evelop ment o f the rive rfron ta rea , which ha d b ee n de c la red bl ighte d in 1959 to a llowfor the ne w p rojec t. In resp onse to c onc erns tha t the tow -ers wo uld overshad ow the a rc h, the a rc hitec ts c hang edthe p lans from tw o 40-sto ry to wers to three 28-sto ry to wers.Its resid en tial use he lp ed it b e c hosen o ve r a loc a l d eve l-op er s p la n for a fully c om me rc ia l red evelopm ent o n the

site.

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M illenniuM hOtelDate : 1968

Architec t: Willia m B. Ta b le r Architec tsBuild ing Typ e: Ho te l/ Mote l

Loc a tion: 200 S 4th Street

The Millennium Hote l, p rev iously Sto uffe rs Riverfront Inn, is ac ollec tion o f high-rise, low -rise a nd low -leve l build ing s d e-sig ne d b y Willia m B Ta b ler Architec ts. The high-rise t owerhas a circular footprint and the top (30th floor) revolves.The low er-level build ing fe a tures a n ob long foo tp rint a swell as the main entries to the hotel, large canopies sup-

p orted by round p osts, a nd a f la red f loa ting c a nop y withmetal trussing and glass roofing adjacent to the low-riseb uild ing . The d eve lop me nt w a s p a rt o f the la rg er CivicCenter Redevelopment near the riverfront, and offeredc onvention fa c ilities strong ly d esired b y the City.

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laclede GaS buildinGDate : 1968

Architec t: Emory Roth & Sons Architec tsBuild ing Typ e: Offic e

Loc a tion: 200-12 N 8th Stree t

The La c led e G a s Build ing wa s d esig ne d b y Emery Ro th &Sons Arc hitec ts. It ha s a rec ta ng ular foo tp rint c onsisting o fa high-rise office to we r and a 3-sto ry b a nk. The 385 foo ttower is faced with bronze aluminum and glass curtain-wa ll. The La c led e G a s Build ing wa s one in a ha nd ful ofnew skysc ra p ers d ow nto wn, follow ing a long lull in office

b uild ing c onstruc tion in St. Louis. The b uild ing c a me a fewyears after the Executive Office Building in taking advan-ta g e o f 1961 build ing c od e c ha ng es in St Lou is a llow ingfo r gla ss hig h-rise struc tures.

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St. PhiliPS evanGelical

lutheran churchDate : 1966

Arc hitec t: Und ete rminedBuild ing Typ e: Churc h

Loc a tion: 2422-4 Ann ie Ma lone Drive

The St. Philip s Eva ng e lica l Luthe ra n C hurch ha s a ve r-tical emphasis, dark redbrown brick, and a brick towerwith m eta l c ross. The na rrow , ob long a rt g la ss w ind owsa re a ll vert ic a lly oriented a nd a re sa ndw ic hed be twe en

tw o b ric k fins whic h run the full height of the fa a d e a ndp rojec t a b ove the roofline slig htly. The c ong reg a tion ha dd isc ussed lea ving the a rea b ut c hose t o sta y a nd b uilt thisne w c hurch in 1966; by t he 1990s it housed the largest Lu-the ra n c ong reg a tion in the St. Lou is b la c k co mm unity. It issig nific a nt b ot h a s a c ultural resourc e a nd for its a rc hitec -tura l d esign. The c hurch exhibits some c ha ra c te ristic s o fBruta lism, w ith its ma ssive, so lid ma sonry wa lls w ith na rrowslo t op en ings.

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the PaviliOn, barneS hOSPitalDa te : 1971/ 1978

Architec t: Kenne th E. Wisc hm eyer & Pa rtne rsBuild ing Typ e: Institutiona l/ Org a niza tionLoc a tion: 4949-69 Ba rne s Hosp ita l Plaza

The Pa vilion, Ba rnes Jew ish Hosp ita l, wa s d esigned in tw ohalves by Kenneth E. Wischmeyer & Partners (AdolphFeld er, lea d a rc hite c t). The e a ste rn p ortion c a me first, andwa s 12 floo rs orig ina lly, with a no the r 6 floo rs a d d ed la te r.The west ha lf of the b uild ing w a s c onstruc te d 1974-78. Theb uild ing is a lso kno wn a s Ba rnes Jew ish Hosp ita l South. This

b uild ing is a rc hitec tura lly sig nific a nt a s a g oo d exam p leof Mo d ern d esign, w ith c ha ra c te ristic s o f Bruta lism. Thehea vy, bloc ky forms of the ma sonry with the slot windo wsset b a c k into the surfa c es a re typ ic a l of the Bruta list style.

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Queeny tOWer, barneS hOSPitalDate : 1964

Arc hitec t: Murp hy & Mac keyBuild ing Typ e: Institutiona l/ Org a niza tion

Loc a tion: 4989 Ba rne s Hosp ita l Plaza

Queeny Tower, p a rt o f Ba rnes ho sp ita l, wa s d esigne db y Murphy & Ma c key in 1965. The b uild ing is a 19-sto rytower r ising above a podium/garage, with a skybridgea t the top c onne c ting it to the Pa vilion. Two fenestra tionpatterns can be seen on the building, one facing southand the other west, creating an elegant corner solu-

tion. On its c omp let ion, Que eny Towe r wa s the City s 3rdta llest b uild ing. It w a s na me d for Monsa nto found er JohnQue eny, who se son Ed g a r end ow ed its c onstruc tion, a ndthe b uild ing shows a strong Inte rna tiona l Style influenc e inits ma c hine-like g rid of w ind ow s a nd strip p ed form c la din lime stone a nd b uff b ric k.

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Mhdchc, inc.Date : c a . 1974

Architect: Jenkins-FlemingBuild ing Typ e: Institutiona l/ Org a niza tion

Location: 5443-71 Dr. Martin Luther King Drive

This b uild ing wa s d esigne d b y Ca rey K. Jenkins a nd Cha rlesE. Fleming, a black-owned firm originally working fromBeverly Hills, CA. The b uild ing wa s d esigne d a s a he a lthc ente r. A roug hly sq ua re 2-story volume c onne c ts to a n-other smaller 1-story volume, with the curtainwall entrya t the c onne c tor. The b uild ing ha s d ec orative b ric k wo rk

w ithin its p lana r surfac es. The sec ond sto ry ha s p ro jec tingbays with deeply recessed vertical three-pane windows.The stree t level w ind ows a re L o r U sha p ed . The b rickwo rkis a sta c ked solid er bond in a rea s suc h a s the p rojec tingb a ys, which extend up to the roo fline. Arc hitec tura lly, thebuilding is strongly influenced by Brutalism, in its blocky,stac ked forms a nd c a rved out op enings.

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b iShOP dubOurG h iGh SchOOlDa te : 1953. Anne x, 1955

Arc hitec t: Murp hy & Mac keyBuild ing Typ e: Sc ho o l

Loc a tion: 5850 Eic he lberg er Stree t

The Bisho p Dub ourg Ca tho lic Hig h Sc ho o l wa s d esigne db y architec ts Murphy & M a c key in 1949, with c onstruct ionc om p lete in 1953 and a n a d d it iona l a nnex c onstruc ted in1955. The b ric k b uild ing is three sto ries w ith a n irreg ular p la n.The d esig n of the hig h sc hool wa s rec og nized na tiona llyfor being architecturally significant, with its International

Style row s o f ribb on w indows w ith g la ss b loc k. The c ha -p e l ha s sta ine d g la ss b y William Sc hickel. The p ro jec t w a sa mo ng the first for the p rom inent a nd hig hly reg a rd ed St.Louis firm w ith b eg inning s a t Wa shing to n University, whe reb oth M urp hy and Ma c key were p rofe ssors of a rc hitec ture.

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internatiOnal brOtherhOOdOf

electrical WOrkerS hallDate : 1959

Arc hitec t: Ba nk Build ing & Eq uip ment Co rp ora tionBuild ing Typ e: Other

Loc a tion: 5850 Eliza b eth Avenue

The t wo-sto ry Inte rna tiona l Bro the rho od o f Elec tric a l Work-ers Hall was designed by the Bank Building & EquipmentCo rp o ra tion (sp ec ific a lly by W. A. Sa rm iento , who la te ropened his own firm). It is a steel-frame and concrete

struc ture w ith b ric k a t sid es a nd rea r a nd a p a tterned c on-crete street facade featuring steel f ins extending abovethe roo f line. The b uild ing is a rc hitec tura lly sig nific a nt fo rits Mo d ern a rc hitec ture, show ing Inte rna tiona l Style roo tsin the b oxy form a nd rib b on storefront w ind ow , but w ith amo re p la yful a nd d ec orative e xp ression of e lem ents som e-t imes c al led spa c e a ge or road side architec ture.

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JaMeS S. McdOnnell PlanetariuMDate : 1963

Arc hitec t: Hellmuth, Ob a ta & Ka ssa b a um (HOK)Build ing Typ e: Other

Loc a tion:1 Fa ulkne r Drive

St Louis Science Center, James S. McDonnell Planetari-um, w a s d esig ned b y Hellmuth, Ob a ta & Ka ssa b a um (p ri-ma rily Gyo Ob a ta , who stud ied und er Eero Sa a rinen). Thep la neta rium ha s a c irc ula r foo tp rint a nd a rec essed low erleve l ma in e ntra nc e whic h is c a rved into the surround ingte rra in with a c urving c onc rete w a ll. The b uild ing ha s a

visually striking and expressive shape, somewhat reminis-c ent o f a nuclea r p ow er pla nt tow er. It is a thin c onc reteshe ll struc ture, hyp erb o loid in sec tion.S T L O U I S

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SteinberG hall

WaShinGtOn univerSityDate : 1963

Architect: Fum ihiko Ma kiBuild ing Typ e: Other

Location: 6201-53 Forsyth Boulevard

The Ste inb erg Art Ga llery a nd c la ssrooms, on the Wash-ington University campus, was Fumihiko Makis first com-mission . The b uild ing wa s c om p let ed in 1960 while he wa sa p ro fessor of a rc hitec ture a t Wa shing to n University. The

b uild ing wa s a lso d esig ned with the esta b lished a rc hitec -tura l firm o f Russell, Mu llg a rd t, Sc hw a rtz a nd Va n Hoefen .The b uild ing is b ot h a rc hite turally a nd tec hnica lly sig nifi-cant, and exhibits an innovative thin plate folded con-c rete system , and a c a ntilevered upp er level ab ove thema in level, eleva ted from the g round on a c onc rete p linth.

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fOrMer buder branch

St. lOuiS Public l ibraryDate : 1961

Architec t: Josep h H. SenneBuild ing Typ e: Institutiona l/ Org a niza tion

Loc a tion: 5320 Ha mp ton Ave nue

This b uild ing , now ho using a rec o rd sto re, is the fo rmerBud er b ra nc h o f the St. Louis Pub lic Lib ra ry, designe d b yJosep h H. Senne. The overhang ing ea ves a re sup p ortedby open bar metal pi lasters which f lare at the top and

which a re eve nly d istrib ute d in b a ys. The b uild ing ha s agranite base, blond brick cladding, and tall 3-part win-d ow s c ente red in e a c h b a y. The b uild ing wa s orig ina llyna me d for Susa n Bud er, who p rom ote d the p la ygroundmove ment in ea rly 20th C. St. Louis. Due to the d istinc tivefla ring me ta l p ila ste rs, the b uild ing fee ls more d ec ora tivetha n m ost Mo d ern arc hitec tura l d esig ns, but the re a re no flou rishes he re- the b uild ing exhib its the strip p ed func -tiona lism a nd reg ularity o f its style.

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St. lOuiS harveSt churchDate : 1957

Architec t: J.T. Go la b owskiBuild ing Typ e: Churc h

Location: 3201-23 Itaska Street

This c hurch b uild ing wa s p a rt o f the Po lish p a rish o f St. Hed -w ig o f the a rc hd ioc ese o f St. Louis, now c losed . It is c ur-rent ly the St Louis Ha rvest C hurc h sinc e 2005. The a rchi-te c t w a s J.T. Gola b ow ski, and c onstruc tion d a te wa s 1957.The b ric k build ing ha s a d oub le-height e ntry b a y fra me dwith p re-c a st c onc rete p a nel surround . A bric k towe r with

sta ined -g lass infill sits to one side. The b uild ing exhib its acomposition of a horizontal form punctuated by intermit-te nt strong ve rtica ls. Its d esign is a rc hitec tura lly sig nific a ntas an example of Modern design, in its simple masonrywa ll p la nes b roken b y vertic a l slot windo w op enings a ndrela tively fo rma lized , c onc rete ent ry surround . It m a y a lsob e c ultura lly sig nific a nt a s a resourc e for the Po lish c om -munity.

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Mark c. SteinberG MeMOrial SkatinG

r inkand recreatiOn buildinGDate : 1957

Arc hitec t: Fred eric k Dunn & Assoc ia ted Arc hitec tsBuild ing Typ e: Other

Loc a tion: 400 Jeffe rson Drive

The Ma rk C. Ste inbe rg Me morial Skating Rink a nd Rec re-a tion Build ing wa s d esig ned b y Fred eric k Dunn & Assoc i-a ted Arc hitec ts. The fa c ility ma y ha ve b ee n one of the firstra c ia lly integ ra te d p ub lic ve nue s in St. Louis. The b uild ing

ha s a full-gla ss wa ll and roo f terra c e t o p rovide a view ofthe rink, and a shla r wa lls. Two-third s o f the $935,000 costof t he rink wa s a g ift from Etta Ste inb erg, in m em ory ofher la te husb a nd . The rink is rep orted to b e the la rg estoutd oor ska ting rink in the Mid west. The b uild ing exhib itsthe c ha ra c te ristics of t he Inte rna tiona l Style, w ith strip p ed ,boxy shapes and the horizontal length of the full-heightg lass wa ll.

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david P. WOhl cOMMunity centerDa te : 1959

Arc hitec t: Russe ll, Mu llg a rd t, Sc hw a rz & Va n HoefenBuild ing Typ e: Rec rea tiona l

Loc a tion : 1515 N King shighw a y Bouleva rd

Wohl Rec rea tion C ente r wa s d esig ne d b y Russe ll, Mullg a r-d t, Sc hwa rz a nd Van Hoe fen in 1959. Loc a ted a t the e d g eof Sherma n Pa rk, the b uild ing wa s a g ift to the City fromDavid Wo hl. The b uild ing ha s a 1-sto ry w ing a nd 3-sto ryw ing fe a turing la rg e a moun ts of g la zing , g la ss b loc k, a ndb right ly c o lored p a ne ls. The sliding g lass d oors op en fo r

a c c ess to fresh a ir d uring wa rm wea the r. The b uild ing isa rc hitec tura lly signific a nt fo r its Inte rna tiona l Style d esign,including horizontal bands of windows, expressed-struc-ture m et a l pila ste rs, a nd b oxy, inte rsec ting forms.

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neW aGe

federal SavinGS & lOanDate : 1958

Architect: UndeterminedBuild ing Typ e: Ba nk

Location: 1401 N Kningshighway Boulevard

New Ag e Fed era l Sa vings & Loa n is a sing le-sto ry b uild -ing with ge nerally rec ta ng ula r p la n, thoug h the no rthwe stc orner of the build ing is c urved to a c c om od a te a ve hic -ular drive-through in its original purpose as a bank. Half

of the main faade is random-coursed ashlar while theother half is comprised of floor to ceiling glazing. Orga-nized in 1915, the New Ag e Fed era l Sa vings & Loa n is theo lde st m inority-owned financ ia l institution in M issouri, andis a mong the o ld est in the na tion. The institution c losed in1991. At the time this building was constructed, the bankserved a c rit ic a l func tion in the b la c k co mm unity by p ro-viding loa ns typ ic a lly d enied b y ot her institutions.

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Oak h ill chaPelDate : 1953

Architect: UndeterminedBuild ing Typ e: Churc h

Loc a tion : 6100 Leona Stree t

Orig ina lly b uilt a s the Sout h Sid e Bib le Cha p el, and nowknow n a s the Oa k Hill Cha p e l, this c hurc h b uild ing is a sin-gle-story brick structure with rectangular footprint. It hasa gabled roof project ing over a single bay of windowsand an a t tac hed bric k tower extending a bo ve the roof-line. Along the primary faade is a series of glass block

windo ws, co ntinuing a long the w est fa a d e. The b uild inga lso wa s the orig ina l home o f the Vic to ry Christian Sc hoo lfor K-1st g ra d e. Architec tura lly, the b uild ing s Mo d ern a r-chitecture style is an unusual blend of space age ele-ment s suc h a s the to wer and sp ire a s well a s a resid ent ia lMo d ern style typified b y the g la ss p a nes extend ing up tothe und ersid e o f the ga b led roo f.

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aaa buildinGDate : 1976

Arc hitec t: W.A. Sa rm iento Arc hitec tsBuild ing Typ e: Co mmerc ia l

Loc a tion : 3917 Lind e ll Bouleva rd

This a rc hitec tura lly sig nific a nt b uild ing b y W. A. Sa rm ien-to Architec ts wa s b uilt fo r the Auto Club of St. Lou is a ndhas an elliptical footprint. It features tapered concretecolonades of thin rectangular base columns supportingthe c onc rete roo f sla b , whic h in turn sup p orts the we ig hto f the g la ss c urta in wa ll. The re flec tive g lass wa ll exte nd s

from g round to roo f, em p ha sizing the struc tura l syste m. Theova l form imp a rts a fee ling of m ot ion . Desp ite its c onstruc -tion d a te, a b it la te fo r the New Forma lism m ove me nt ofModern architecture, the buildings symmetrical, mono-lithic , strip p ed forms a re a n exa mp le o f the style, w ith thec o lumns show ing a mo re exp ressive influenc e.

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OPtiMiSt buildinGDate : 1961. Ad d ition, 1978

Arc hitec t: Sc hw a rz & Va n Hoefe nBuild ing Typ e: Institut iona l/ Org a niza tion

Loc a tion : 4490-4 Lind e ll Bouleva rd

The Op timist Interna tiona l build ing is a tw o- a nd three-sto ryrec ta ng ula r struc ture w ith exp osed c onc rete , stone c la d -d ing , and ve rtica l slo t w ind ow s. The two-sto ry p ortion w a sconstructed first, in 1962, and the taller addition in 1978.The a rc hitec t fo r b oth vo lumes wa s the firm of Sc hw a rz &Van Hoefen. Both buildings have an aluminum storefront

entry and masonry veneer with narrrow, full-height win-d ow o p en ing s. The tw o-sto ry b uild ing fea tures exp ressive,tr iangular concrete columns connected to canti leveredfloo r slab s fronting Ta ylor Stree t. The ta lle r build ing illus-t t b M d i t t l th h li

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City of St. Louis Mid-Century Modern Architecture Survey - 40 buildings

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Transcript of City of St. Louis Mid-Century Modern Architecture Survey - 40 buildings