City of San Diegos Water and Energy Nexus World Resources Simulation Center September 22, 2010...
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![Page 1: City of San Diegos Water and Energy Nexus World Resources Simulation Center September 22, 2010 George J. Adrian, PE Public Utilities Department Long-Range.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103015/5517bac45503461b658b4593/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
City of San Diego’s Water and Energy Nexus
World Resources Simulation CenterSeptember 22, 2010
George J. Adrian, PEPublic Utilities Department Long-Range Planning & Water Resources Division
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Sources of San Diego’s Water Supply
2
LAKESHASTA
LAKEOROVILLE
State Water Project(Bay-Delta) 30%
Colorado River 50%
Local Supplies and Conservation 20%
San Diego County imports ~80% of its
water supply
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San Diego Water System
3
• 1.3 million people
• 404 Square Miles
• Avg. Daily Consumption more
than 200 MGD
• 9 Raw Water Reservoirs
• 3 Water Treatment Plants
• More than 3,000 Miles of
Pipelines
• 27 Distribution Reservoirs/Standpipes
• 50 Pump Stations
• More than 110 Pressure Zones
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By 2030 San Diego may need 11% more water
2007: 248,000 acre-feet per year
2030: 275,925acre-feet per year
San Diego Keeps Growing
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Local Surface Water3%
Recycled Water 3% Conservation
15%
Imported79%
Source: City of SD Public Utilities Department 8/16/10
FY 2010 Actuals
Water Supply Portfolio
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Carbon Footprint by Water Source
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0
500
1000
1500
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2500
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3500
4000
4500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
ColoradoRiverAqueduct
StateWaterProject
Groundwater RecycledWater
SeawaterDesal
BrackishGroundwaterDesal
OCWD Groundwater Replenishment Project
kWh
/AF
Source: Pacific Institute analysis regarding SDCWA data Source of OCWD GW Replenishment: City of San Diego
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Adaptation: Local Water Supplies
• Water Conservation• Local Runoff - Reservoirs• Recycled Water• Brackish Groundwater Desalination• Groundwater Conjunctive Use• Seawater Desalination (San Diego Region)• On-site alternatives:
– Graywater– Stormwater capture
7
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Electricity Demand in State of California19% of electricity in California is water related
8Refining Estimates of Water Related Energy Use In California, CEC, December 2006
3% 5%3%
3%4%
1%
81%Gigawatt Hours (GWH)
Agricultural
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Water Supply and Treatment
Wastewater Treatment
Balance
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Estimated Energy Intensity of Water in San Diego County
• Relationship of water to energy, broken down
9
56%8%
1%5%
30%END USE
WASTEWATERTREATMENT
WATERTREATMENT
DISTRIBUTION
SOURCES ANDCONVEYANCE
Energy Down the Drain, NRDC, August 2004
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Refining Estimates of Water Related Energy Use In California
Indoor uses Outdoor usesNorthern California
Southern California
Northern California
Southern California
kWh/MG kWh/MG kWh/MG kWh/MGWater Supply & Conveyance 2,117 9,727 2,117 9,727
Water Treatment 111 111 111 111Water Distribution 1,272 1,272 1,272 1,272Wastewater Treatment 1,911 1,911 0 0
Regional Total 5,411 13,022 3,500 11,111
10CEC, December 2006
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Residential water energy useResidential Water Use
% Water Use
Energy for Heating (kWh/AF)
Energy in Distribution, Treatment, wastewater treatment, and Conveyance , (kWh/AF)
Energy Use Total (kWh/AF)
% Water-Energy Use
Toilet 24 0 3,239 3,239 5
Dishwasher 2 36,867 3,239 40,106 5
ClothsWasher 14 36,867 3,239 40,106 34
Shower 21 36,867 3,239 40,106 51
Landscape 40 0 2,424 2,424 5
% Annual Water-Energy Use
100% 82% 12% 100% 100%
11The interaction of water and energy In California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, June 12, 2008
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Interaction of Water and Energy
12The interaction of water and energy In California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, June 12, 2008
Desalinization
Shasta (storage)
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Visualizing Sustainability• Acceptable Uses for Water
– Establishing priorities• Residential • Agricultural• Business
– tourism• Recreation
• Change in User Behavior Patterns– Adjust expectations for uses and quantity of
water to correspond to priorities– Provide feedback, show visual link to water use
and economic health13
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Challenges to the City• Efficient /effective use of water
– Indirect Potable Reuse (IPR)
– Recycled water
– Stormwater Rainwater harvesting
– Graywater
• Changing public perception of water, its value and real cost
• Using less water or using the water you have more efficiently – Conservation– Alternative landscaping
• Edible gardens…..minimal lawns14
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What’s at Stake?• Water shortages or rationing
• Creation of unsustainable systems, leading to water and other shortages for future generations.
• Quality of life
– Economy?
– Food diversity and security?
• Energy brownouts.
15
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Possible Breakthrough’s
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• Sustainable systems and the relationship between water and energy and earth systems (greenhouse gases)– Multiple (hence efficient) use of water
for our needs• Recycled water
– Advanced treated water• Graywater use
– Recovery of water (hence energy) for other uses.
• Rainwater capture• Re-landscape (contours to capture water) -
Stormwater diversions– Retail market that primarily supports
water efficient plants
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San Diego is Conserving
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1970
1972
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1976
1978
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1994
1996
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2002
2004
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0
50000
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250000
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0
200
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Demand (AF)
Population
Fiscal Year
Pop
ula
tion
x
10
00
Reduced Water Demand
Wate
r D
em
an
d in
Acre
-fe
et