CITRUS PRE-SEASON ROADSHOWS

2020

PRESENTER: TANKISO MPHOLO

DIRECTORATE INSPECTION SERVICES

CONTENT

❑ CBS, FCM and FF on EU statistics

❑ CBS, FMS and FF amendments

❑ Verification of citrus Pack houses

❑ Monitoring of EU activities at pack houses

❑ Citrus pre-season meetings

❑ International year of Plant Health

2

ORCHARD INSPECTIONS PER YEAR

3

JanuaryFebruar

yMarch April May June July August

September

2017 1862 3287 2984 2730 809 20

2018 45 68 330 1673 3703 2779 2883 1884 109

2019 11 122 735 1558 3879 2897 3515 2253 171

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

LOCAL INTERCEPTIONS (CBS)

4

Alert list 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019Orchards Orchards Orchards Orchards Orchards

January

February 1 10

March 3 1 7 7

April 13 17 8 29 26

May 34 67 10 19 11

June 16 33 16 11 7

July 36 21 33 18 16

August 32 16 26 14 31

September 15 3 9 6 6

October 1

TOTAL 149 157 104 105 114

CONTRIBUTION TO THE LOCAL CBS INTERCEPTIONS

INTERCEPTIONS HITS(2017)

CONTRIBUTION(2017)

HITS(2018)

CONTRIBUTION(2018)

HITS(2019)

CONTRIBUTION(2019)

Ethephon test 2 1.92% 1 1% 1 1%

600 fruit sampling

13 12.5% 12 11% 6 5%

Re-inspections - - 2 2% 1 1%

Orchardinspection

46 44.2% 61 58% 60 53%

Pack house inspection

43 41.4% 29 28% 46 40%

TOTAL 104 100% 105 100% 114 100%

5

LOCAL CBS INTERCEPTIONS PER FRUIT TYPE

6

LOCAL CBS INTERCEPTIONS PER PROVINCE

7

TOTAL EU INTERCEPTIONS AND NON-COMPLIANCES

Reason 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Total harmful organisms 52 32 13 86 12 31

P. citricarpa 28 15 4 23 2 9

T. leucotreta 20 17 8 68 9 19

Non-European Tephritidae 4 0 1 0 1 3

WPM (ISPM15) 6 3 0 0 2 0

Documentation 41 9 13 4 2 16

Peduncles 1 2 0 0 0 0

8

EU CBS INTERCEPTIONS

CITRUS TYPE COUNTRY OF ENTRY

PROVINCE DISTRICTS MONTH

1 Citrus lemon Italy Limpopo Naboomspruit June

2 Citrus lemon Italy Limpopo Naboomspruit June

3 Citrus lemon Italy Limpopo Naboomspruit June

4 Citrus sinensis Nertherlands KZN Weenen July

5 Citrus sinensis Nertherlands Limpopo Letaba August

6 Citrus sinensis Nertherlands Eastern Cape Addo September

7 Citrus sinensis France Eastern Cape Kirkwood September

8 Citrus sinensis Nertherlands Eastern Cape Kirkwood September

9 Citrus sinensis Nertherlands Eastern Cape Kirkwood September

9

10

FCM

LOCAL FCM INTERCEPTIONS PER REGION

11

LOCAL FCM INTERCEPTIONS PER CITRUS TYPE

12

EU FCM INTERCEPTIONS PER PROVINCE

13

EU FCM INTERCEPTIONS PER REGION

1

2

1 1 1

6

1

6

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

14

RISK MANAGEMENT FOR 2020

15

CBS RMS AMENDMENTS

❑ Application of CBS controls must be according to the Registration of the products used.

Omission of oil from systemic fungicide applications is a deviation from the Registration

and is not in compliance with the CBS RMS.

❑ Conventional shipping: If pallets are older than 18 days at this point in the cold chain, and the target

temperature of 3 °C has not yet been reached, they must be re-inspected for CBS. However, once all pallets

in the cold room have reached ≤ 3°C they will be deemed as being shipped. No 18 day CBS re-inspection

will be required during further cold storage.

❑ REMINDER:

▪ Discarding of waste fruit in accordance with the GAP

▪ Re-inspection of Valencias (end July) and Lemon citrus types (90days)

▪ Timeous planning for Ethephon test (from April to June 2020)

16

ETHEPHON TEST ON VALENCIAS

▪ Pick 110 fruits for every 5ha (or less) and 22 more for every additional hectare above 5ha.

▪ Half of the sample (55 fruit) should be collected from row end trees, evenly spread across bothends of the orchard.

▪ The remaining 55 sample fruit should be collected from trees in poor condition, with no morethan 5 fruit collected from any one such poor condition tree. If there are less than 10 trees inpoor condition, the shortfall in the 55 fruit sample should be made up by collecting fruit fromtrees evenly spaced in a diagonal transect across the orchard.

E.g. For a 9ha orchard: 110 + (4 x 22) =198 fruits

▪ The sample collected for this purpose should be more targeted than random.

▪ Sample fruits should be picked as much as possible from sickly and stressed trees.

▪ From the selected trees, the fruits should be collected as much as possible from the loweroutside portion of the tree canopy especially on the sunny (north-westerly) side of the tree.

17

FALSE CODLING MOTH RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FMS)

18

❑ Registration of pack houses is subject to verification by PPECB

❑ Specified approved packaging as an FMS appendix

❑ PPECB will not inspect fruit from an orchard with an “On Hold” status on PhytClean

❑ Within 14 days after finishing harvest the orchard must be cleared of the current

season’s fruit (both fruit on the tree and fallen fruit) and removed fruit must be destroyed

outside the orchard

❑ Positioning of data trees in each orchard: must be positioned wherever fruit drop shows

highest FCM

❑ For fruit infestation monitoring and pack house delivery inspection specified that fruit is

considered infested if any FCM larva (live or dead) is found in the fruit.

FALSE CODLING MOTH RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FMS)…

❑ Personnel responsible for orchard infestation monitoring (12 and 4 weeks prior to

harvest) must be trained and records of training and competency evaluation are

compulsory

❑ Personnel responsible for conducting the pack house delivery inspections must be

trained and records of training and competency evaluation are compulsory

❑ Specified that pack house conditions (e.g. lighting) must be suitable to optimise

effectiveness of removing FCM infested fruit during grading

❑ PPECB data for FCM rejections of fruit inspected for other FCM sensitive markets, age

re-inspections and DALRRD data for FCM rejections for FCM sensitive markets will also

be used in PhytClean system calculations to flag orchards

❑ Some pack houses still reworking the rejected pallets

❑ Every EU container shall be fitted with an air or pulp temperature monitoring device

19

FALSE CODLING MOTH RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FMS)…

20

❑ FCM HIT SYSTEM:

1. The PUC will be excluded from exporting to the EU for the remainder of season if the

PUC is implicated in an EU FCM interception and the follow up investigation (audit)

detects a major non-compliance at the PUC.

2. The PUC will be excluded from exporting to the EU for the remainder of season and the

next season if the PUC is implicated in more than one EU FCM interception in the same

season.

3. The PUC will be excluded from exporting to the EU for the remainder of season and the

next season if the PUC is implicated in an EU FCM interception and the PUC was also

implicated in an EU interception in the previous year.

STATUS OF OFF IN SOUTH AFRICA

21

Areas free of OFF are

published in R110 of

the Agricultural Pests

Act 1983 (Act No. 36 of

1983)

Status: Present in

some areas and

subject to official

control

ISPM 8 and 17

SOUTH AFRICAN BACTROCERA INVADENS FRUIT FLY

(SABIFF) ACTION PLAN (BACTROCERA DORSALIS)

1. Surveillance (PUC + DALRRD)

2. Delimiting surveys

3. Orchard and field sanitation

4. Bait application

5. Male annihilation

6. Removal control

7. Compliance auditing

CITRUS FRUIT FLY

SYSTEMS APPROACH

FLIES PER TRAP PER DAY (FTD)

❑ Removal from infested areas to pest free

areas is only allowed from production

areas where the fruit fly populations are

kept low

❑ Producers must implement additional

phytosanitary actions if levels exceed 10

flies per trap per month in a production

area, or an FTD of 0.33 is exceed

23

Photo JH Venter

FTD = F/ T x DPUC surveillance for special markets = 1 ME trap/100ha or PUC all year long

while surveillance for suppression is 2-4 ME traps per 100ha

Check point

FRUIT FLY RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FFMS)

❑ Citrus Fruit Fly Systems Approach for Citrus besides (Other than) Lemons and Lies

(Citrus FF-SAO):

❑ Each FF-MS participating orchard must be registered on the PhytClean data

management system:

▪ Comply with the Citrus FF-SAO protocol and provide accurate data

▪ Implement FF GAP procedures (as a guideline, refer to the CRI Production

Guidelines for the control of FF on Citrus).

▪ Pack houses, exporters, cold stores and freight forwarders handling fruit for export

under the Citrus FF-MS must be registered on the PhytClean system.

▪ Only approved packaging (cartons and bulk bins)

24

FRUIT FLY RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FFMS) Cont…

❑ Monitoring and pre-harvest control of FF:

▪ Fruit fly traps shall be used.

▪ Only registered (in terms of the Fertilizers, Farm Feeds, Agricultural Remedies and Stock

Remedies Act, Act no. 36 of 1947 as amended) monitoring systems are permissible.

▪ The trapping information as follows must be recorded and safeguarded for

inspection/auditing: trap location, trap and attractant type, trap number, inspection dates

and number of catches of target fruit fly species.

▪ The treatment information must be recorded and safeguarded for inspection/auditing.

❑ Orchard sanitation must be conducted weekly and continue until after harvesting completes

❑ Orchard sanitation must be recorded and records must be safeguarded for inspection/

auditing.

❑ Pack house delivery inspection: fruit must be recorded as infested if FF eggs or live FF

larvae are found in the fruit.

25

FRUIT FLY RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FFMS) Cont…

❑ If more than 1 infested fruit is detected in the sample, the orchard status on PhytClean

will become “NP” (Not Permitted)

❑ The pack house delivery inspection process can be repeated 7 or more days after the

previous inspection.

❑ Fruit from the orchard shall not be packed for export under the Citrus FF-MS as long as

the orchard status remains NP.

❑ Results from all inspections must be recorded, reported on the official data

management system (PhytClean) and the records must be safeguarded for inspection /

auditing.

❑ The shipping conditions as determined by the Citrus FMS will apply to each

consignment of Citrus FF-MS qualifying export fruit.

26

FRUIT FLY RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FFMS) Cont….

❑ Citrus Fruit Fly Systems Approach for Lemons and Limes (Citrus FF-SAL):

▪ Lemons and Limes from all production regions are potentially eligible

▪ Each participating orchard to be registered on the PhytClean System

▪ The Non-host status of commercial export grade Lemons and Limes

▪ Only approved packaging (cartons and bulk bins)

▪ The shipping conditions as prescribed by the CBS RMS shall apply

27

VERIFICATION OF CITRUS PACK HOUSES

❑ Verification of registered pack houses for export purposes:

▪ 289 Citrus Pack houses nationally

▪ Verification components:

• Food safety (disposal of fruit and chemical waste)

• Training of the pack house manager/ representative

• Traceability system from farm to carton

• System for segregating of export fruit from local fruit

• Export protocols for various export markets

• Training records/ proof (CBS/FCM/FF)

• Risk management documents

• List of mandatory equipment in pack houses

28

MONITORING OF RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES

❑ PPECB and DALRRD shall monitor the processes for citrus to the EU at farm,

pack house and cold stores:

▪ CBS RMS

▪ FMS

▪ FFMS

▪ Traceability

▪ Compliance activities

29

PRESEASON MEETINGS 2020

30

REGION COMPOSITION TIMES DATE VENUE

1 Groblersdal PPECB and DALRRD 10:00 24th February 2020 Raasblaar

2 Tzaneen PPECB and DALRRD 10:00 25th February 2020 Hotel@Tzaneen

3 Hoedspruit PPECB and DALRRD 10:00 26th February 2020 Fish Club

4 Nelspruit PPECB and DALRRD 10:00 27th February 2020 CRI Nelspruit

5 Eastern Cape PPECB and DALRRD 10:00 03rd March 2020 Africanos

6 Paarl PPECB and DALRRD 09:00 05th March 2020 Ashanti Estate

7 Citrusdal PPECB and DALRRD 09:00 06th March 2020 Citrusdal hotel

8 Durban PPECB and DALRRD 08:30 10th March 2020 Jewish club

9 Kakamas PPECB and DALRRD 09:00 16th April 2020 Kalahari Gateway hotel

Attendance is mandatory for the role-players in citrus that is intended for export to the EU (Growers, pack house managers, cold stores, exporters and clearing agents).

ELECTRONIC REGISTRATIONS ON PHYTCLEAN

1. Keep plants healthy to achieve Zero Hunger and the UN Sustainable Development Goals

2. Be careful when bringing plants and plant products across borders

3. Make trading in plants and plant products safe by complying with international plant health standards

4. Keep plants healthy while protecting the environment

5. Invest in plant-health capacity development, research and outreach

6. Strengthen monitoring and early warning systems to protect plants and plant health

31

END

32