citologija ..
Transcript of citologija ..
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citologija
Uvod
Plazmalema, membranske organele, jedro, citoskelet, intercelularne veze
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Historijattehnička priprema preparata
• Fiksacija
• Uklapanje u parafin
• Rezanjemikrotomi iultramikrotomi
• !ojenje fluorescentne boje,izotopi"#
• $epler slo%eni muikroskop"
• Robert Hook pluto"
• &eeu'enhoek protozoe ibakterije"
• (cleiden i (ch'ann• )ircho' omnis cellula a
cellula"
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Plazmalema*matriks
• &ipidni matri+,bjelančevine, ugljiko hidratiglikokali+"
• Unit membrana,-./ nm
freeze fracture"• 012 plazmaleme-troslojna
• 3mfipatičke molekuleplazmaleme
• &ipidi4 fosfolipidi,holesterol, glikolipidi
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Fosfolipidi i holesterol
• 2lavica fosfolipida4holin, fosfat,glicerol
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Proteini i karbohidrati plazmaleme
• (pektrin periferni prot", band5transport aniona", glikoforin
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$arbohidrati plazmaleme
• 2likoproteini, proteoglikani,glikolipidi
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glikokaliks
• 6ubuli bubrega
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Promet kroz plazmalemu4fagocitoza-pinocitoza
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Promet kroz plazmalemu4proteinski kanali i nosači
• 1ale molekule prostadifuzija,pasivnitransport,aktivni transport"
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7a-$ pumpa
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7a-$ pumpa
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6ransport makromolekula
• 0gzocitozakonstitutivni iregulirani tip"
• 0ndocitozapinocitoza,fagocito
za"
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Fagocitoza-pinocitoza
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6ranscelularni transport
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transcitoza
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&8& holesterol-endosom
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1embranske organele4lizosom i peroksizom
• &izosom4nukleaze,lipaze,fosfataze,fosfolipaze
• Peroksisom4$atalaze, urat-
oksidazekristal"
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&izosom-makrofag
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(inteza proteina-ribosomi
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9nicijacija,amino-acil tR73
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tR73 sintetaza
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(inteza polipeptidnog lanca-elongacija
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2olgi-aparat
• :isterne,vezikule,kondenzacio
ne vakuole
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2olgi-aparat
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2ranulirani i glatki retkulum
• (arkoplazmatskiretikulum,detoksikacija
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0ndoplazmatski retikulum4granulirani bazofilija"
• (inteza proteina ifosfolipida,glikozilacija,modelir nje peptida
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7-glikolizacija
• 7-glikolizacija 0PR" • ; glikolizacija 2olgi"
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mitohondrije
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(inteza 36P
• Respiratorni lanac
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citosol
• (inteza bjelančevinadugovječne i kratkovječne-ubikvitin"
• ;-glikolizacija glukozamin zaserin"
• (tvaranje kompleksa masnakiselina-potein
• Proteini stresnog odgovora
• :itoskelet4aktinskifilamenti,mikrotubuli,intermedijalni filamenti#
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aktin
• F i 2 aktin • filamin
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3ktinska vlakna
• gelsolin • 3ktinsko vlakno u mi<i=u
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:itoskelet-mikrovili
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mikrotubuli
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cilije
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9ntermedijalni filamenti
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(pecifični sastojci citosola-glikogen
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&ipidi i pigmenti u citosolu
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:elularne veze4zonul okludens,z#adherens,dezmozom,nksus
• ;kludentne veze
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;kludentna veza
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dezmosom
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7eksus, z#adherens
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>elijski ciklus
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jedro
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?edarne pore
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nukleolus
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mitoza