Citizen Beliefs and Public Opinion Polls
Transcript of Citizen Beliefs and Public Opinion Polls
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Citizen Beliefs and Public Opinion Polls
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Agenda
1) Announcements2) Homework Article Recap and Hand in3) Argumentative Essay Practice4) Argumentative Frankenstein5) Unit 5 Notes: Voting and Voting Behavior6) Homework
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ANNOUNCEMENTUnit 4: Ideology and Polling Quiz (UPDATED)
AP A: Wednesday 4/3AP B: Tuesday 4/2
AP 9: Wednesday 4/3
Focus on notes and Unit 4 Review Sheet (Provided by 3/28 on class website)
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JournalWhere does your political ideology come
from? In other words, what helps to shape your political opinions?
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Core Values● Individualism - belief in fundamental worth and importance of an
individual● Equal Opportunity - Equals right to pursue life liberty and happiness● Free Enterprise - “laissez-faire” approach to business. Let business
succeed or fail based on their decisions and consumer● Rule of Law - Law applies equally to all members of society.
Prevents leaders who see themselves above the law● Limited Government - Government kept in control by check and
balances
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The Liberal-Conservative Spectrum● Liberal (left) - open to allowing government flexibly
expand beyond established constraints● Conservative (right) - following tradition and having
reverence for authority● Democrats tend to embody liberals and Republicans
conservative but that is an oversimplification
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The Liberal-Conservative Spectrum
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“Off the Line”● Some people simply to not fall on the linear chart● Libertarians - oppose government intervention or
regulation. High regard for civil liberties (Bill of rights)● Populists - Follow fundamental Christian ideas (love thy
neighbor, contribute to charity, follow strict moral code)● Progressives - Workers’ rights over corportate rights,
wealthy should pay more taxes
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Political SocializationHow does one develop political beliefs?
● Family - long regarded and biggest influence● School and College - Topics in class that allow teachers
to influence● Peers - Race and ethnic heritage● Media - More time in front of screens and exposure to
info
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Political Socialization● Religious Institutions - Churches and places of worship● Civic Institutions - Girl scout, athlete on neighborhood
team, volunteer etc● Location - Key role in the way people think (Northeast =
Democrats, South = Republicans)
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Shifting Influences on Political Socialization● Major Political Events - Great Depression, World Wars,
Political Assassinations● Globalization - Increasingly interactive world economy● Generational Effects -
○ Hypothesis that most persons forge political attitudes between ages 14 and 24.
○ Political and personal events occurring at age 18 3x as likely to impact voting preferences
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Measuring Public OpinionTypes of polls
● Benchmark polls - gather info about views and concerns● Tracking polls - ask people same questions over time to
“track” the path of public opinion● Entrance/ Exit polls - outside polling place on Election Day
to predict outcome● Focus Groups - 10-40 people discuss issues (Less
scientific)
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Poll Methodology● Take great pains to ensure legitimacy
○ Phrase survey questions to not skew results○ Must obtain a random sample (random digit dialing)○ Afterward, review to see if demographics are
reflective of “universe” (If more women than men, some women removed)
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Evaluating Claims on Public Opinion Data● Influence on Elections
○ Bandwagon effect - shift to support a candidate holding a lead in a poll
○ “Horserace” news coverage ● Influence on Policy Debate
○ Legislative Branch sometimes responsive to public opinion○ Prez use “bully pulpit” to influence opinion○ Judicial Branch somewhat influence (Liberal nation leads
to liberal court)
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Reliability of Opinion DataSeveral factors can lessen effectiveness of Polls
● Social-Desirability Bias○ Voters tell polls what they think polls wants to hear
● Late decisions by undecided voters● Less people willing to take part in polls● Social Media can be used but not everyone is on social
media which leads to bias
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Democratic Platform 2016● Health Care for the poor - Fight for Affordable Care Act● Equal rights for women ● Equality for sexual orientation - Sex discrimination law to
cover LGBT● Immigration - Fix broken system● Climate Change - Running country on clean energy● Abortion - Women should have access to quality
reproductive health care services
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Republican Platform 2016● Poverty and Welfare - Compassion of work requirements
(opportunity over hand outs)● Death Penalty - States should have right to enact Capital
punishment● Marriage - Cornerstone is union of one man and one woman● Immigration - Secure borders and all ports of entry● Gun control - Defend right to bear arms● Abortion - Oppose use of public funds to promote or perform
abortion
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Political Ideologies and the Marketplace
● Keynesian Economics - Government should create right level of demand○ When people aren’t saving $- reduce
taxes and more Gov’t spending○ When people are saving $ - tax more
and spend less●
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● Supply-Side Theory - Leave as much $ as possible with the people○ People will have more $ and will
spend it○ Conservative approach (Long
supported by Reagan)
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Ideology on Revenue and Spending● Congress granted power to tax people’s income with
16th Amendment (1913)● Current income tax is Progressive - the more $ you
make the more $ you are taxed by the Gov’t○ Highest during WWII (Highest bracket paid 94% of
income)○ Currently highest bracket pays around 37%
● Some Conservatives argue for flat tax - all citizens at same rate
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Ideologies on Monetary Policy● How Gov’t manages the supply and demand of its
currency● The Federal Reserve Board “The Fed” created in 1913 to
manage money supply○ Sets terms for US bonds and Treasury bill○ Can raise and lower the discount rate
● Conservatives favor “easy money” - Lower interest rates to allow banks to loan more
● Liberals argue that it has not had desired effect
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Ideologies on Trade● Conservatives, business communities favor free trade
and lifting of barriers● Laborers fear American companies would send their
labor requirements overseas which some have done
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Ideologies on Social Issues● Social Safety Net
○ Liberal view of Gov’t should provide for people in need and pay for it with taxes
○ Conservatives favor lowering taxes and supporting free market● Privacy
○ Conservatives believe if states pass laws in areas of privacy Fed gov’t does not have authority to overrule
○ Liberals agree with idea of right to privacy (Roe v. Wade)● Religion
○ Conservatives opposed to government interference in practice of religious beliefs (ex. Refusing service to gay couple)
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a.Describe the cartoonb.Identify any symbols used in the cartoon and explain each
symbolc.Identify the policy area/proposal that the cartoon is
referencingd.Identify the conservative position on that policy/proposal
e.Identify the liberal position on that policy/proposalf.Describe the cartoonist’s message
g.Explain which ideology the cartoonist is more favorable to and your reasoning